Electric heating fabric and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an electric heating fabric and a preparation method and application thereof.The electric heating fabric comprises fiber cloth, an electric heating film is arranged on the surface of one side or two sides of the fiber cloth, the electric heating film has a wave-transparent function and is formed by curing conductive slurry, and the conductive slurry comprises resin, a dispersing agent, a carbon material, a functional compound and a solvent; the functional compound comprises a nitrogen-containing compound and / or an acidic compound; the specific functional compound is added into the preparation raw materials of the electric heating film, and the interface bonding performance between the electric heating film and the composite material is effectively improved by utilizing the cross-linking reaction between the functional compound and the resin in the composite material; therefore, the long-term stability and reliability of the obtained electric heating fabric and the integrated composite material thereof in an extreme use environment can be ensured, and the electric heating fabric has a wave-transparent function and is suitable for being applied to the surface of an aircraft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electric heating elements, and in particular relates to an electric heating fabric and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] When an aircraft encounters icing weather conditions, supercooled water droplets in the atmosphere hit the surface of the aircraft, especially on key components such as fixed wings, rotors, tail rotors, air inlets, windshields, radomes, and instrument sensors, which can easily form ice. This phenomenon not only significantly increases the weight burden of the aircraft, but also seriously damages its aerodynamic shape, thereby affecting its aerodynamic characteristics and posing a major threat to flight safety. In order to meet this challenge, electrothermal deicing technology has become one of the most widely studied and applied deicing methods due to its high efficiency, flexibility, and easy maintenance.

[0003] Traditional metal wire or carbon fiber wire heating elements, due to their linear layout characteristics, often have the problem of uneven heating range. In contrast, emerging heating modules such as carbon nanotube paper, carbon fiber cloth and graphene film have shown better surface heating uniformity. For example, CN110816854A discloses a composite woven electric heating film and electric heating structure for anti-icing. The electric heating film obtained by the invention has good flexibility and can be laid on the surface of complex-shaped parts. It not only has excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, but also has improved mechanical properties and electric heat conversion efficiency. More importantly, the composite woven electric heating film is lighter than the metal mesh. The composite woven electric heating film and the insulating thermal insulation film can be coated, pasted or wrapped on the surface of the heated object, especially for anti-icing of composite parts in aircraft. For another example, CN116506982A discloses a high-strength flexible electric heating film anti-icing element based on graphene, including a laminate structure, the laminate structure including a heating layer and an adhesive layer, the heating layer including two layers of graphene and carbon fiber filaments wrapped in the two layers of graphene, the adhesive layer including an anti-stretching layer and a base layer, the base layer and the anti-stretching layer are modified to form an integrated structure. The carbon fiber filament is a bow-shaped structure. The invention combines carbon fiber tubes and carbon fiber filaments to prepare a flexible electric heating film. The heating layer is a bow-shaped cloth and a unit-arranged carbon fiber bundle and two layers of graphene. Experiments have shown that this method can achieve good toughness.

[0004] Nevertheless, when the electric heating elements provided in the prior art, including the above-mentioned invention, are applied to the surface of equipment such as radars and antennas that need to keep electromagnetic waves transparent, they will still interfere with the transmission of electromagnetic waves due to their high conductivity and high reflectivity, thereby affecting the normal working performance of the equipment; in addition, most of the current electric heating elements mainly rely on adhesives when bonding aircraft parts, but this method often ignores the problem of poor interface adhesion between the two.

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an electric heating fabric which has both electric heating and wave transmission functions and has excellent interface properties when integrated with composite materials. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric heating fabric and a preparation method and application thereof. The electric heating fabric not only has both electric heating and wave transmission functions, but also has excellent interface properties when integrated with composite materials, thereby ensuring long-term stability and reliability when used in extreme environments, and is suitable for application on the surface of aircraft.

[0007] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an electric heating fabric, the electric heating fabric comprising a fiber cloth, a single side or double side surface of the fiber cloth is provided with an electric heating film, the electric heating film has a wave-transmitting function;

[0009] The electric heating film is formed by curing a conductive paste, wherein the conductive paste comprises a resin, a dispersant, a carbon material, a functional compound and a solvent, wherein the functional compound comprises a nitrogen-containing compound and / or an acidic compound;

[0010] The square resistance of the electrically heated fabric is 10 to 3000Ω / square, for example, 10Ω / square, 20Ω / square, 50Ω / square, 100Ω / square, 150Ω / square, 500Ω / square, 1000Ω / square, 1500Ω / square, 2000Ω / square, 2500Ω / square or 3000Ω / square.

[0011] The electric heating fabric provided by the present invention comprises a fiber cloth, and an electric heating film is arranged on one side surface or both sides surface of the fiber cloth. The electric heating film is defined as having a wave-transmitting function and is solidified from a conductive paste, and the conductive paste comprises a resin, a dispersant, a carbon material, a functional compound and a solvent, and the functional compound is further defined as comprising a nitrogen-containing compound and / or an acidic compound; the added specific functional compound can undergo an efficient cross-linking reaction with the epoxy resin during the molding of the composite material, and the cross-linking reaction can greatly improve the interface bonding between the materials, thereby enabling the electric heating film to have excellent interface bonding properties with the substrate (composite material), and the two can be firmly and durably bonded together, thereby ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the obtained electric heating fabric and the integrated composite material under extreme use environments, and having a wave-transmitting function, and being suitable for application on the surface of an aircraft.

[0012] It should be noted that if the electric heating fabric provided by the present invention is provided with an electric heating film only on one side of the fiber cloth, the electric heating film side should be placed close to the substrate (composite material) during use.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments, the fiber cloth includes fiber non-woven cloth or fiber woven cloth; and the present invention has no special requirements on the organizational form of the fiber woven cloth.

[0014] Exemplarily, the fiber cloth may be a unidirectional fiber cloth, a plain weave cloth, a twill weave cloth or a satin weave cloth.

[0015] In some preferred embodiments, the fiber cloth comprises inorganic fibers and / or organic fibers, and the present invention has no particular requirements on the specific types of the inorganic fibers and organic fibers.

[0016] Exemplarily, the inorganic fiber includes any one of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, alumina fiber or quartz fiber, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0017] Exemplarily, the organic fiber includes any one of polyester fiber, polyimide fiber, poly-p-benzimidazole fiber or aramid fiber, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0018] In some preferred embodiments, the thickness of the electric heating film is 0.1 to 20 μm, for example, 0.1 μm, 0.5 μm, 1 μm, 2 μm, 4 μm, 6 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm, 12 μm, 14 μm, 16 μm, 18 μm or 20 μm.

[0019] In some preferred embodiments, the conductive paste comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0020] 10 to 40 parts by weight of resin;

[0021] Dispersant 0.5-10 parts by weight;

[0022] 2 to 45 parts by weight of carbon material;

[0023] 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of functional compound;

[0024] Solvent 0-1000 parts by weight.

[0025] The resin may be used in an amount of 10 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 25 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight or 40 parts by weight.

[0026] The amount of the dispersant used can be 0.5 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, or 10 parts by weight.

[0027] The amount of the carbon material can be 2 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 25 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight or 45 parts by weight, etc.

[0028] The functional compound may be used in an amount of 0.1 parts by weight, 0.5 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 1.5 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight, 2.5 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 3.5 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 4.5 parts by weight or 5 parts by weight, etc.

[0029] The amount of the solvent used can be 0 parts by weight, 100 parts by weight, 200 parts by weight, 400 parts by weight, 600 parts by weight, 800 parts by weight or 1000 parts by weight.

[0030] In some preferred embodiments, the resin includes a thermosetting resin and / or a thermoplastic resin.

[0031] In some more preferred embodiments, the resin includes any one of acrylic resin, polyester resin, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, alkyd resin, polyurethane resin, silicone resin, polycarbonate resin, rubber or polyimide, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0032] The present invention has no special requirements on the type of the dispersant in the conductive paste.

[0033] Exemplarily, the dispersant includes any one or a combination of at least two of active derivatives of a polyester main chain structure, urethane copolymers, polyacrylic acid, polymaleic acid and its derivatives, polyethers made from polyhydroxystearic acid, polycarboxylic acids and oligomers thereof with polyamines.

[0034] In some preferred embodiments, the carbon material includes any one of carbon nanotubes, carbon black, graphene, graphene oxide or graphite, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0035] In some preferred embodiments, the carbon nanotubes include single-walled carbon nanotubes and / or double-walled carbon nanotubes.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments, the median length of the carbon nanotubes is 0.1 to 1000 μm, for example, 0.1 μm, 0.5 μm, 1 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 200 μm, 400 μm, 600 μm, 800 μm or 1000 m, more preferably 1 to 800 μm, and even more preferably 10 to 500 μm.

[0037] In some preferred embodiments, the graphene includes single-layer graphene and / or multi-layer graphene.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments, the average sheet diameter of the graphene and graphene oxide is independently 0.1 to 2000 μm, for example, 0.1 μm, 0.5 μm, 1 μm, 5 μm, 10 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 500 μm, 1000 μm, 1500 μm or 2000 μm, etc., further preferably 1 to 1000 μm, and further preferably 5 to 200 μm.

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, the functional compound includes any one of aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, organic acid anhydrides or amine adducts, or a combination of at least two of them.

[0040] In the present invention, there is no special requirement for the specific type of the aliphatic amine, but in order to make the obtained electric heating fabric have better conductivity and better long-term stability and reliability with the integrated composite material, the above-mentioned aliphatic amine, aromatic amine, organic acid anhydride and amine adduct are further preferably limited as follows:

[0041] In some preferred embodiments, the fatty amine includes any one of diethylenetriamine and its denatured products, triethylenetetramine and its denatured products, unsaturated aliphatic diamines, diethylaminopropylamine, aliphatic amide polyamines or aromatic ring-containing fatty amines (referring to amines with aliphatic main chains and aromatic side chains), or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0042] In some preferred embodiments, the aromatic amine includes any one of meta-phenylenediamine, aromatic ether diamine, polyaromatic ether diamine, diaminodiphenyl sulfone, diaminodiphenylmethane, N-aminoethylpiperazine, 1,3-bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane, maleimide or diazinone, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0043] In some preferred embodiments, the organic acid anhydride includes any one of phthalic anhydride and its adducts, pyromellitic anhydride and its adducts, dimaleic anhydride and its adducts, olefin succinic anhydride or methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0044] In some preferred embodiments, the amine adduct includes any one of an adduct of an amine with an epoxy compound, an adduct of an amine with acrylonitrile, and an adduct of an amine with formaldehyde and phenol, or a combination of at least two of them.

[0045] In the present invention, there is no special requirement for the type of solvent used in the conductive paste.

[0046] Exemplarily, the solvent includes any one of water, acetone, dimethylethanolamine or ethyl acetate, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0047] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the electrically heated fabric according to the first aspect, the method comprising the following steps:

[0048] (1) mixing a resin, a dispersant, a carbon material, a functional compound and a solvent to obtain a conductive paste;

[0049] (2) The conductive slurry obtained in step (1) is coated on one or both sides of the fiber cloth, and after drying and curing, the electrically heated fabric is obtained.

[0050] In some preferred embodiments, the mixing method in step (1) includes any one of mechanical stirring, ultrasound, high-pressure homogenization or three-roll milling, or a combination of at least two thereof.

[0051] In some preferred embodiments, the coating method in step (2) includes any one of blade coating, spray coating, casting, dip coating or roller coating, or a combination of at least two of them.

[0052] In the present invention, there is no special requirement for the curing temperature and time in step (2), which can be reasonably set according to the type of resin.

[0053] In some preferred embodiments, the curing temperature in step (2) is 50-180°C, for example, 50°C, 70°C, 90°C, 100°C, 120°C, 140°C, 160°C or 180°C.

[0054] In some preferred embodiments, the curing time in step (2) is 3 to 30 minutes, for example, 3 minutes, 6 minutes, 9 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes or 30 minutes.

[0055] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electric heating element, comprising the electric heating fabric according to the first aspect and a metal electrode.

[0056] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an application of the electric heating element as described in the third aspect, including application on the surface of an aircraft.

[0057] Preferably, the application comprises a radar or antenna surface for an aircraft.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] The electric heating fabric provided by the present invention comprises a fiber cloth, wherein an electric heating film is arranged on one or both sides of the fiber cloth, wherein the electric heating film has a wave-transmitting function and is formed by curing a conductive slurry, wherein the conductive slurry comprises a resin, a dispersant, a carbon material, a functional compound and a solvent, and the functional compound comprises a nitrogen-containing compound and / or an acidic compound; by adding specific functional compounds to the raw materials for preparing the electric heating film, and utilizing the cross-linking reaction that the functional compound can undergo with the resin in the composite material, the interfacial bonding performance between the electric heating film and the composite material is effectively improved, thereby ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the obtained electric heating fabric and the composite material after integration under extreme use environments, and having a wave-transmitting function, the fabric is suitable for application on the surface of an aircraft.

[0060] Instruction Manual

[0061] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the electrically heated fabric provided in Example 1;

[0062] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the electrically heated fabric provided in Example 2;

[0063] Among them, 1-fiber cloth, 2-electric heating film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by specific implementation methods. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are only to help understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations of the present invention.

[0065] The information of some raw materials involved in the following specific implementation is as follows:

[0066] (A) Resin

[0067] Polyurethane resin: purchased from Wanhua Chemical, brand: 1633;

[0068] Epoxy resin: purchased from Baling Petrochemical, brand name CYD-128;

[0069] Acrylic resin: purchased from Badful, brand number RD-6755.

[0070] (B) Dispersant

[0071] Polymaleic acid and its derivatives: purchased from BYK Company of Germany, brand name BYK-2013.

[0072] (C) Carbon materials

[0073] Carbon nanotubes: median length is 50 μm;

[0074] Graphene: The average sheet diameter is 20 μm.

[0075] (D) Functional compounds

[0076] Amine adduct: purchased from Hanson, USA, brand name EP1KURE 8538-Y-68;

[0077] Aromatic polyamine: diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM), purchased from Zhangjiagang Yarui Chemical.

[0078] Modified fatty amine: purchased from Zhejiang Anbang, brand name AB-HGQ.

[0079] (E) Epoxy resin curing agent: purchased from Baling Petrochemical, brand name CYDHD-583.

[0080] Example 1

[0081] An electrically heated fabric, the cross-sectional structure of which is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a fiber cloth 1 and electric heating films 2 arranged on both sides of the fiber cloth 1;

[0082] The fiber cloth 1 is a glass fiber woven cloth with a gram weight of 60g / m 2 ;

[0083] The thickness of the electric heating film 2 is 2 μm;

[0084] The method for preparing the electrically heated fabric provided in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0085] (1) adding 1 part by weight of a dispersant, 10 parts by weight of carbon nanotubes, 2 parts by weight of an amine adduct and 500 parts by weight of water to 20 parts by weight of a polyurethane resin, stirring for 30 minutes, and treating in a 200 bar high-pressure homogenizer for 20 minutes to obtain a conductive paste;

[0086] (2) Spray the conductive slurry obtained in step (1) onto both sides of the fiber cloth and cure it at 80° C. for 10 minutes to obtain the electrically heated fabric.

[0087] Example 2

[0088] An electrically heated fabric, the cross-sectional structure of which is shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, it includes a fiber cloth 1 and an electric heating film 2 arranged on a single side surface of the fiber cloth 1;

[0089] Among them, fiber cloth 1 is glass fiber woven cloth with a gram weight of 220g / m 2 ;

[0090] The thickness of the electric heating film 2 is 15 μm;

[0091] The method for preparing the electrically heated fabric provided in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0092] (1) adding 8 parts by weight of a dispersant, 40 parts by weight of carbon nanotubes, 0.5 parts by weight of an amine adduct and 800 parts by weight of water to 25 parts by weight of an acrylic resin, stirring for 30 minutes, and treating in a 200 bar high-pressure homogenizer for 20 minutes to obtain a conductive paste;

[0093] (2) Spraying the conductive slurry obtained in step (1) onto both sides of the glass fiber woven cloth, and curing it at 100° C. for 10 minutes to obtain the electric heating fabric with wave-transmitting function.

[0094] Example 3

[0095] An electric heating fabric, the structure of which is the same as that of embodiment 2, comprising a fiber cloth and an electric heating film arranged on a single side surface of the fiber cloth;

[0096] The fiber cloth is glass fiber woven cloth with a gram weight of 175g / m 2 ;

[0097] The thickness of the electric heating film is 0.5 μm;

[0098] The method for preparing the electrically heated fabric provided in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0099] (1) adding 0.6 parts by weight of a dispersant, 2 parts by weight of graphene and 4.5 parts by weight of an aromatic polyamine to 28 parts by weight of an epoxy resin, stirring for 30 minutes, and then performing three-roll grinding. After grinding for 5 times, a conductive paste is obtained;

[0100] (2) Add 7 parts by weight of epoxy resin curing agent to the conductive paste obtained in step (1), apply it on one side of the fiber cloth, and cure it at 150° C. for 30 minutes to obtain the electrically heated fabric.

[0101] Example 4

[0102] An electric heating fabric with wave-transmitting function, which differs from Example 1 in that modified fatty amine is used to replace amine adduct, and other structures, materials and preparation methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0103] Example 5

[0104] An electric heating fabric with wave-transmitting function, which differs from Example 1 in that pyromellitic anhydride is used to replace the amine adduct, and other structures, materials and preparation methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0105] Embodiments 6 to 9

[0106] An electric heating fabric with wave-transmitting function, which differs from Example 1 in that the amounts of amine adducts used are 0.1 parts by weight (Example 6), 5 parts by weight (Example 7), 0.01 parts by weight (Example 8) and 50 parts by weight (Example 9), respectively, and the other structures, materials and preparation methods are the same as those in Example 1.

[0107] Comparative Example 1

[0108] An electrically heated fabric, which differs from Example 1 in that no amine adduct is added, and other structures, materials and preparation methods are the same as those of Example 1.

[0109] Performance Test:

[0110] (1) Square resistance: measured using a four-probe probe;

[0111] (2) Interlaminar shear strength: The electric heating fabric is placed in the middle layer of the epoxy composite material and co-cured with the epoxy composite material to prepare a composite material sample. The interlaminar fracture toughness test of the composite material sample is then carried out according to the method specified in JC / T 773 "Determination of interlaminar shear strength of fiber reinforced plastics by short beam method".

[0112] The electrically heated fabrics provided in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Example 1 were tested according to the above test method. The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0113] Table 1

[0114] Square resistance (Ω / square) Interlaminar shear strength (MPa) Example 1 120 76 Example 2 16 71 Example 3 2430 62 Example 4 122 72 Example 5 118 74 Example 6 115 62 Example 7 132 68 Example 8 114 48 Example 9 162 34 Comparative Example 1 115 45

[0115] From the data in Table 1, we can see that:

[0116] (1) The square resistance of the electric heating fabric provided in Examples 1 to 7 is 16 to 2430 Ω / square. When integrated with the epoxy composite material, the interlaminar shear strength of the obtained composite material sample is as high as 62 to 76 MPa.

[0117] (2) By comparing the data of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that when the electric heating fabric is integrated with the epoxy composite material, compared with the sample prepared without adding the functional compound (Comparative Example 1), the electric heating fabric with the functional compound added shows a significant advantage in interlaminar shear strength.

[0118] (3) By comparing the data of Example 1 and Examples 8 to 9, it can be seen that when the amount of functional compound added is too low or too high, the interface bonding performance will deteriorate when the electric heating fabric is integrated with the epoxy composite material, and the interlaminar shear strength will decrease.

[0119] The applicant declares that the present invention illustrates an electric heating fabric with wave-transmitting function and its preparation method and application through the above-mentioned embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above-mentioned embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement of the present invention, equivalent replacement of various raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrically heated fabric, characterized in that: The electric heating fabric comprises a fiber cloth, and an electric heating film is arranged on one or both sides of the fiber cloth, and the electric heating film has a wave-transmitting function; The electric heating film is formed by curing a conductive paste, wherein the conductive paste comprises a resin, a dispersant, a carbon material, a functional compound and a solvent, wherein the functional compound comprises a nitrogen-containing compound and / or an acidic compound; The square resistance of the electric heating fabric is 10-3000Ω / square.

2. The electrically heated fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber cloth includes fiber non-woven cloth or fiber woven cloth; Preferably, the fiber cloth comprises inorganic fibers and / or organic fibers.

3. The electrically heated fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the electric heating film is 0.1-20 μm.

4. The electrically heated fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The conductive paste comprises the following components in parts by weight:

5. The electrically heated fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The resin includes a thermosetting resin and / or a thermoplastic resin; Preferably, the resin includes any one of acrylic resin, polyester resin, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, alkyd resin, polyurethane resin, silicone resin, polycarbonate resin, rubber or polyimide, or a combination of at least two thereof.

6. The electrically heated fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The carbon material includes any one of carbon nanotubes, carbon black, graphene, graphene oxide or graphite, or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the carbon nanotubes include single-walled carbon nanotubes and / or double-walled carbon nanotubes; Preferably, the median length of the carbon nanotubes is 0.1 to 1000 μm, more preferably 1 to 800 μm, and even more preferably 10 to 500 μm; Preferably, the graphene includes single-layer graphene and / or multi-layer graphene; Preferably, the average sheet diameter of the graphene and graphene oxide is independently 0.1 to 2000 μm, more preferably 1 to 1000 μm, and even more preferably 5 to 200 μm; Preferably, the functional compound includes any one of aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, organic acid anhydrides or amine adducts, or a combination of at least two of them.

7. A method for preparing the electrically heated fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing a resin, a dispersant, a carbon material, a functional compound and a solvent to obtain a conductive paste; (2) coating the conductive slurry obtained in step (1) on one or both sides of the fiber cloth, and curing the slurry to obtain the electric heating fabric with wave-transmitting function.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mixing method in step (1) includes any one of mechanical stirring, ultrasound, high-pressure homogenization or three-roll grinding, or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the coating method in step (2) includes any one of blade coating, spray coating, casting, dip coating or roller coating, or a combination of at least two of them.

9. An electric heating element, characterized in that: The electric heating element comprises the electric heating fabric as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 and a metal electrode.

10. Use of the electric heating element according to claim 9, characterized in that: Said applications include use on aircraft surfaces; Preferably, the application comprises a radar or antenna surface for an aircraft.

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