Poria cocos decoction pieces dried in shade and application of poria cocos decoction pieces in preparation of medicine for treating renal fibrosis

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine processing, in particular to a shade-dried poria cocos decoction piece and application thereof in preparation of a medicine for treating renal fibrosis. The shade-dried poria cocos decoction pieces are prepared by the following steps: S1, naturally drying fresh poria cocos in a ventilated and sunny place, and peeling; and S2, cutting into slices with the thickness of 3mm-5mm, and drying in the shade for 72 + / -5 hours under the conditions that the relative humidity is 90% and the temperature is 23 + / -2 DEG C, so as to obtain the poria cocos decoction pieces dried in the shade. The shade-dried poria cocos decoction pieces and the extract freeze-dried powder thereof can effectively improve pathological indications such as renal fibrosis, serum creatinine increase and urea nitrogen increase, and are suitable for symptoms such as shortness of urination, edema, guan-grid, uroschesis and chronic renal failure caused by spleen-kidney yang deficiency, liver-kidney yin deficiency, damp-heat accumulation and internal retention of water-dampness due to renal fibrosis; and the method is simple and easy to implement and easy to popularize.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Chinese medicine processing, and in particular to a shade-dried Poria cocos decoction piece and application thereof in preparing a medicine for treating renal fibrosis. Background Art

[0002] Renal fibrosis is a chronic progressive disease that mainly affects kidney tissue and is a type of kidney disease. The disease is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the kidney, which leads to the destruction of normal glomerular and tubular structures, ultimately affecting kidney function and is known as the "silent killer". At present, scholars at home and abroad generally believe that the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis is highly related to genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, cell apoptosis and immune dysfunction. The clinical treatment of renal fibrosis mainly includes two major means: drug therapy and lifestyle intervention. Representative drugs include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), aldosterone antagonists, etc. These drugs can slow down the progression of kidney damage. In addition, Chinese medicines such as astragalus and salvia miltiorrhiza are also used to improve renal microcirculation and reduce inflammatory responses. For patients with mild to moderate renal fibrosis, multi-strain probiotic compound products combined with prebiotics as adjuvant therapy have also shown certain efficacy. However, drugs used in the clinical treatment of renal fibrosis generally have some adverse reactions, such as hyperkalemia, hypotension, and further deterioration of renal function. Therefore, it is crucial to find a safe, effective and stable drug that can be used for the combined diagnosis and treatment of renal fibrosis with Chinese and Western medicine. This will not only help control the progression of the disease, but also improve the quality of life of patients.

[0003] TCM believes that renal fibrosis belongs to the category of "edema", "lumbar pain", "consumption", etc. The disease is mainly located in the kidneys, and is related to spleen and kidney deficiency, emotional injury, exogenous pathogens, and improper diet. The main pathological factors are spleen deficiency, kidney deficiency, damp heat, qi stagnation, blood stasis, phlegm turbidity, etc. Among them, spleen and kidney deficiency, liver and kidney yin deficiency, and qi and blood deficiency are the main causes and pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. Spleen and kidney deficiency leads to water retention, kidney deficiency leads to insufficient essence and blood, which in turn affects the function of the whole body; liver and kidney yin deficiency manifests as soreness of waist and knees, and fever in the five hearts; qi and blood deficiency manifests as fatigue, sallow complexion, etc. The empirical prescription of TCM for the clinical treatment of renal fibrosis - Liuwei Dihuang Pills comes from "Xiaoer Yaozheng Zhijue". "Lingshu" records: "The kidney governs water and flows to the bladder". In the prescription, Poria cocos is light and penetrates and eliminates dampness, so as to clear the water path, remove dampness and reduce swelling. Liuwei Dihuang Pills improve the symptoms of renal fibrosis by nourishing kidney yin, strengthening the spleen and removing dampness, and promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. In addition, according to the specific conditions of the patients, other prescriptions such as Jinkui Shenqi Pills and Zhibai Dihuang Pills, which contain Poria cocos slices, can also be selected for syndrome differentiation and treatment to achieve the best therapeutic effect.

[0004] More and more studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in treating renal fibrosis, such as low price, few side effects, rich experience in use compared with innovative drugs, and safety and stability. It has been widely used in clinical practice and has shown an extremely attractive application prospect. It will provide new ways and auxiliary treatment methods for the study of diseases such as renal fibrosis and renal failure that have brought heavy shackles to countless families. Traditional Chinese medicines that have been proven to have anti-renal fibrosis effects include Poria cocos, Lycium barbarum, and Cornus officinalis. Among them, the existing public or authorized patents for anti-renal fibrosis with Poria cocos are mostly concentrated in the study of Chinese medicine compound anti-acute, chronic and renal failure. There has been no report on the main processed varieties of dried Poria cocos slices.

[0005] Poria cocos is the "first medicine for diuresis and dampness elimination". It is the dried sclerotium of the fungus Poria cocos of the Polyporaceae family, and is mainly produced in Anhui, Yunnan, Hubei and other places. Poria cocos tastes sweet and light, and is neutral in nature. It enters the heart, lung, spleen, and kidney meridians. It has the effects of diuresis and dampness elimination, and strengthening the spleen and calming the mind. In recent years, studies on the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Poria cocos have shown that white Poria cocos polysaccharide is its main active substance, which has multiple pharmacological effects such as enhancing immunity, anti-tumor, and protecting the liver. Poria cocos processed products include raw Poria cocos, fried Poria cocos, stir-fried Poria cocos with soil, and stir-fried Poria cocos with bran, etc., which are important components of many classic Chinese medicine compound prescriptions, such as Wuling Powder, Sijunzi Decoction, Liujunzi Decoction, etc. Different processing methods of Poria cocos have different clinical effects, so as to adapt to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of complex main symptoms.

[0006] In traditional clinical practice, Poria is widely used to treat edema, dysuria, spleen deficiency diarrhea, palpitations and insomnia. The use of Poria is not limited to a single herb, but is often combined with other drugs to form a variety of classic Chinese medicine compound prescriptions to achieve better therapeutic effects.

[0007] The main effect of Poria cocos is to promote water and eliminate dampness: Poria cocos has a strong effect of promoting water and eliminating dampness, and is often used to treat symptoms such as edema and difficulty urinating. Strengthening the spleen and calming the mind: Poria cocos can strengthen the spleen and replenish qi, and at the same time has the effect of calming the mind and tranquilizing the nerves. It is suitable for symptoms such as spleen deficiency, poor appetite, palpitations and insomnia. Immunity enhancement: The polysaccharide components in Poria cocos can enhance the body's immunity and improve disease resistance. Anti-tumor: Studies have shown that Poria cocos polysaccharides have certain anti-tumor effects and can be used as an auxiliary treatment. Liver protection: Poria cocos has a protective effect on the liver and can be used to treat diseases such as hepatitis and cirrhosis. Classic prescriptions include: Wuling San: It is composed of Poria cocos, Alisma orientalis, Atractylodes macrocephala, Polyporus umbellatus, and Cinnamon twig, and is used to treat symptoms such as edema and difficulty urinating caused by water retention. Sijunzi Decoction: It is composed of ginseng, Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria cocos, and licorice, and is used to treat symptoms such as weak constitution and loss of appetite.

[0008] At present, there are no reports on the preparation of special processed products of dried Poria cocos slices and the application of freeze-dried powder of dried Poria cocos slices extract in renal fibrosis in domestic and foreign literature. The main reason is that the research is not systematic enough, and there are still many difficulties in the extraction, separation and purification process. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a Yin-dried Poria cocos decoction piece, which has a significant anti-renal fibrosis effect and is more effective than raw Poria cocos and other processed products.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide the use of the dried Poria cocos slices in the preparation of a medicine for treating renal fibrosis.

[0011] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0012] A shade-dried Poria cocos decoction piece is prepared by the following method: S1, placing fresh Poria cocos in a ventilated place away from sunlight to dry naturally and peeling; S2, cutting into slices with a thickness of 3mm-5mm, placing in the shade to dry for 72±5 hours under the conditions of relative humidity of 90% and temperature of 23℃±2℃, so as to obtain the shade-dried Poria cocos decoction piece.

[0013] Preferably, S2, cut into slices with a thickness of 4 mm.

[0014] Preferably, S2, cut into slices with a size of 3×3 cm in length and width.

[0015] A freeze-dried powder of a dried Poria cocos slice extract prepared from the dried Poria cocos slice, characterized in that the freeze-dried powder is prepared by the following method: adding the dried Poria cocos slice to an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 70%±10%, condensing and refluxing for at least two times, combining the extracts, concentrating under reduced pressure, and freeze-vacuum drying to obtain the freeze-dried powder of the dried Poria cocos slice extract.

[0016] Preferably, the volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 70%; the reflux extraction time is 1h-2h, and the temperature is 80°C±5°C.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of the shade-dried Poria cocos slices to the ethanol solution is 1:3-4.

[0018] A use of the shade-dried Poria cocos slices or the shade-dried Poria cocos slices extract freeze-dried powder in the preparation of medicines for treating renal fibrosis and renal diseases.

[0019] A medicine for treating renal fibrosis and other renal diseases, the medicine being the above-mentioned dried Poria cocos slices or the above-mentioned freeze-dried powder of dried Poria cocos slices extract or the triterpenoid and polysaccharide active substances contained therein.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the characteristic processed product of Chinese medicine Poria cocos of the present invention - dried Poria cocos slices inherits the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and is developed based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine to form prescriptions such as "Jingui Shenqi Pills and Liuwei Dihuang Pills", which are scientific and reasonable, simple in process, safe, stable and effective.

[0021] In vivo animal experiments have shown that the dried Poria cocos slices prepared by the present invention have a significant anti-renal fibrosis effect, and the anti-renal fibrosis efficacy is stronger than that of raw Poria cocos and other processed products.

[0022] Therefore, the dried Poria cocos slices of the present invention can effectively improve pathological indications such as renal fibrosis, increased blood creatinine and increased urea nitrogen, and are suitable for symptoms such as oliguria, edema, constipation, urinary retention, chronic renal failure caused by renal fibrosis, spleen and kidney yang deficiency, liver and kidney yin deficiency, internal accumulation of dampness and heat, and internal retention of water and dampness. The preparation process has the characteristics of clear process, simplicity, ease of operation and easy promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 These are photos of Poria cocos slices of different processing thicknesses;

[0025] Figure 2 These are the actual photos of the shade-dried Poria cocos slices with different processing thicknesses;

[0026] Figure 3 These are the actual photos of the different sweating times of the Poria cocos slice sweating group;

[0027] Figure 4 These are the actual photos of the Poria cocos decoction pieces steamed at different steaming times;

[0028] Figure 5 This is the liquid chromatogram of different processing techniques of Poria cocos, where: A-Pachycolic acid B; B-Pachycolic acid A; C-dehydropachycolic acid; D-pinene acid;

[0029] Figure 6 This is the 3D waterfall diagram of liquid chromatography of different processing groups of Poria cocos;

[0030] Figure 7 This is the linear regression fitting diagram of the tuckahoe polysaccharide content;

[0031] Figure 8 A) triterpene content; B) polysaccharide content; C) comprehensive score under the best conditions of different processing techniques of Poria cocos;

[0032] Fig. 9 It is the freeze-drying process of Poria cocos extract;

[0033] Fig.10 It is freeze-dried powder of different groups of Poria cocos slices;

[0034] Fig.11 This is a photo of C57BL / 6 male experimental mice;

[0035] Fig.12 This is a line graph of daily weight changes of different groups of C57BL / 6 mice during the 28-day experiment;

[0036] Fig.13 HE staining and Masson staining of kidney pathological sections of C57BL / 6 mice in different groups;

[0037] Fig.14 is the serum creatinine (CREA) content of C57BL / 6 mice in different groups after 28 days;

[0038] Fig.15 is the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) content of C57BL / 6 mice in different groups after 28 days.

[0039] Fig.16 is the left kidney weight of different groups of C57BL / 6 mice after 28 days;

[0040] Fig.17 is the right kidney weight of C57BL / 6 mice in different groups after 28 days;

[0041] Figure 8 , Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 and Fig.17 Note: * indicates significant P < 0.05, **** indicates significant P < 0.0001. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments. It should be understood that the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and any form of modification and / or change made to the present invention will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all parts and percentages are by weight, and the equipment and raw materials used can be purchased from the market or are commonly used in the art. The methods in the following embodiments are all conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0044] The reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, can be purchased from conventional biochemical reagent stores.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Poria cocos was divided into groups according to different processing techniques. The experimental parameters are shown in Table 1 and the processing process pictures are shown in Figure 1-4 .

[0047] Table 1

[0048]

[0049] Example 2 Optimization of the best processing technology of Poria cocos

[0050] Determination of the contents of four triterpenoids in Poria cocos by HPLC

[0051] 1.HPLC chromatographic conditions: Aglient Eclipse XDB-C18 column (4.6mm×250mm, 5μm) was used, and the mobile phase was acetonitrile (A)-0.1% formic acid water (B). Gradient elution: 0-13min, 0%-50% A; 13-23min, 50%-60% A; 23-37min, 60%-65% A; 37-48min, 65%-80% A; 48-63min, 80%-92% A. Flow rate: 1mL / min, column temperature was controlled at 35°C, PDA multi-channel detection wavelength was set at 254 and 440nm, injection volume was 5μL, and the liquid chromatogram is shown in Figure 5-Figure 6 .

[0052] 2. Content Determination

[0053] 2.1 Preparation of standard solution Take 1.50, 2.00, 2.00, and 2.00 mg of Pachymic acid A, Pachymic acid B, dehydropachymic acid, and pine lingxin acid reference substances in a 5 mL volumetric flask, add 70% ethanol to dissolve, and dilute to the mark to obtain the reference substance stock solution. Take an appropriate amount of the reference substance stock solution and place it in a 5 mL volumetric flask, and also use 70% ethanol to dilute to the mark to prepare a mixed standard solution containing all reference substances for subsequent experiments.

[0054] 2.2 Preparation of the test solution Accurately weigh about 10 grams of Poria powder sample that has passed through an 80-mesh sieve, put it into a conical flask with a lid, accurately add 20 mL of 70% ethanol, and weigh it. The sample was then ultrasonically treated (power 250 W, frequency 60 kHz, 30 minutes), cooled to room temperature and weighed again, and 70% ethanol was used to supplement the weight lost due to evaporation. After that, centrifuge at 12000 rpm (centrifugal r = 12 mm) for 10 minutes, take the supernatant, filter it through a 0.22 μm microporous membrane, and complete the preparation of the sample solution.

[0055] 3. Draw a standard curve: Inject the mixed reference solution with different mass concentrations in 2.1 in sequence according to the chromatographic conditions in 1, and draw a standard curve with the peak area as the ordinate (Y) and the solution mass concentration as the abscissa (X).

[0056] 4.HPLC chromatographic precision, repeatability and stability

[0057] 4.1 Precision According to the chromatographic conditions in 1, the mixed reference solution was injected six times in succession (1 μL each time), the peak area and retention time were recorded, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was calculated.

[0058] 4.2 Repeatability Six Poria cocos sample solutions were prepared in parallel according to the method in 2.2, and injected according to the chromatographic conditions in 1. The peak area and retention time were recorded, and the RSD value was calculated to evaluate the repeatability.

[0059] 4.3 Stability At the time points of 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 h, 1 μL of the Poria cocos sample solution was aspirated and injected according to the chromatographic conditions described in Section 1. The peak area and retention time were recorded, and the RSD value was calculated to evaluate the stability of the sample.

[0060] Through Figure 5 The HPLC peak area was integrated to obtain the regression equations and linear ranges of Pachymic acid A, Pachymic acid B, dehydropachymic acid and Pinus syringic acid, as shown in Table 2.

[0061] 3D waterfall diagram of liquid chromatography of different processed groups of Poria cocos Figure 6 As shown, according to Figure 5 , Figure 6 It can be seen that the content of triterpenoid components in different processing groups is different (p<0.05).

[0062] The RSD results (%) of the repeatability, stability and precision of the components obtained by HPLC are shown in Table 3. The peak area and retention time, RSD are <5%, indicating that the instrument precision is good, and the precision, repeatability and stability measured between samples are good.

[0063] Table 2 Linear regression equations of four triterpene acids

[0064]

[0065] Table 3 Results of RSD of repeatability, stability and precision of four components (%)

[0066]

[0067] Determination of polysaccharide content in Poria cocos by phenol-sulfuric acid method

[0068] Draw the standard curve of Poria polysaccharide. Take 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 mL of 1.0 mg / mL glucose standard solution and place them in stoppered colorimetric tubes respectively. Add pure water to 2 mL, then add 1 mL of 6% phenol solution, mix well, then add 5 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid, shake well and heat in boiling water for 25 minutes, then cool in ice water for 15 minutes and take out, adjust to zero with reagent blank, and measure absorbance at a wavelength of 490 nm. Draw the standard curve with glucose content C (mg) as the X-axis and absorbance A as the Y-axis (see Figure 7 ), and the regression equation of Poria polysaccharide absorbance A=3.1665C+0.0884(R 2 =0.9994), where C is the polysaccharide content (mg). Single factor and orthogonal experiments to investigate the optimal processing conditions and verification of Poria cocos

[0069] The factors investigated in the sun-dried group are shown in Table 4 , and the contents of pachymic acid A, pachymic acid B, dehydropachymic acid, pine acid, pachymosaccharide and comprehensive score in the sun-dried group are shown in Table 5 .

[0070] Table 4. Sun-drying processing factors - level table, natural sun-drying

[0072]

[0073] Table 5 Single factor test of sun-drying processing technology

[0074]

[0075] Note: Comprehensive score = (X / X max +Y / Y max +Z / Z max +V / V max +W / W max )×20%. X: Pachymic acid A content; Y: Pachymic acid B content; Z: Dehydropachymic acid content; V: Songlingxin acid content; W: Pachymaran content.

[0076] Table 6 Single factor analysis of variance for sun-drying processing technology

[0077]

[0078] A variance homogeneity test was performed on the preparation specification A and the comprehensive score in Table 5, and P was obtained, which was P=0.095>0.05, proving that the variance of the comprehensive scores of different preparation specifications of Poria cocos was equal, which met the prerequisite of one-way ANOVA. From the results of one-way ANOVA of the processing technology of the sun-drying group in Table 6, it can be seen that there is a very significant difference between the comprehensive score and the preparation specifications, among which the average comprehensive score of the 4mm specification (0.332) is significantly higher than that of other specifications.

[0079] The factors investigated in the shade-dried group are shown in Table 7, and the contents of pachymic acid A, pachymic acid B, dehydropachymic acid, pine acid, pachymosin and comprehensive score in the sun-dried group are shown in Table 8.

[0080] Table 7 Shade-drying processing factors - Level table, dry in a cool and dry place

[0081]

[0082] Table 8 Orthogonal design test of shade-dried processing technology L 16 (4 5 )

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Note: Comprehensive score = (X / X max +Y / Y max +Z / Z max +V / V max +W / W max )×20%. X: Pachymic acid A content; Y: Pachymic acid B content; Z: Dehydropachymic acid content; V: Songlingxin acid content; W: Pachymaran content. Ki is the sum of the comprehensive results of the four tests corresponding to the i level in this column; ki is Ki / 4; the range R is (ki) max -(ki) min .

[0086] Table 9 Variance analysis of factors affecting the shade-drying processing technology

[0087]

[0088] As shown in Tables 8 and 9, the order of the main factors is: relative humidity C> temperature B> slice size A. Within the scope of investigation, the optimal conditions for the shade-dried processing of Poria cocos can be selected as: C4B3A2, that is, relative humidity 90%, temperature 23°C, and slice size 4mm. And shade drying (the highest comprehensive score is 0.896) is better than sun drying (the highest comprehensive score is 0.351). As shown in Table 9, relative humidity has a very significant effect on the processing technology of the shade-dried group, and temperature has a significant effect on the processing technology of the shade-dried group.

[0089] The factors investigated in the fresh-cut, sweating, steaming, and sweating and steaming groups are shown in Table 10 . The content of pachymic acid A, pachymic acid B, dehydropachymic acid, pinene acid, pachymosaccharide, and comprehensive score in the sun-dried group are shown in Table 11 .

[0090] Table 10 Processing factors of fresh-cut, sweating, steaming, sweating and steaming group - level table, low temperature drying 50℃

[0091]

[0092] Table 11 Orthogonal design experiment of fresh-cut, sweating, steaming, sweating and steaming group processing technology L 16 (4 5 )

[0093]

[0094] Note: Comprehensive score = (X / X max +Y / Y max +Z / Z max +V / V max +W / W max )×20%. X: Pachymic acid A content; Y: Pachymic acid B content; Z: Dehydropachymic acid content; V: Songlingxin acid content; W: Pachymaran content. Ki is the sum of the comprehensive results of the four tests corresponding to the i level in this column; ki is Ki / 4; the range R is (ki) max -(ki) min .

[0095] Table 12 Analysis of variance of processing technology of fresh cutting, sweating, steaming, sweating and steaming groups

[0097]

[0098] As shown in Tables 11 and 12, the order of the main factors is: steaming time B> sweating times A> slice specifications C. Within the scope of investigation, the optimal conditions for the sweating steaming process can be selected as: B3A4C1, that is, steaming time 40min, sweating 3 times (9 days), slice specifications 2mm. As shown in Table 12, steaming time has a significant effect on the sweating steaming process.

[0099] The triterpene content, polysaccharide content and comprehensive score of fresh-cut, sun-dried, shade-dried, steamed, sweated, and sweated steamed groups under the optimal process conditions were as follows Figure 8 As shown, the best processing technology for Poria cocos is shade drying (relative humidity 90%, temperature 23°C, and slice thickness specification 4mm), with the highest comprehensive score of 0.896.

[0100] Example 3 C57BL / 6 mouse renal fibrosis model verifies the renal protective effect of dried Poria cocos slices on mouse renal fibrosis

[0101] 1. Process parameters of Poria cocos slices prepared under different processing techniques:

[0102] Fresh-cut group (XQ): The size of the slices was 2 mm. The slices were peeled and sliced ​​while fresh and then dried at 50°C.

[0103] Sun-dried group (SG): The slices were 4 mm in size, peeled, sliced ​​and dried naturally.

[0104] Shade-dried group (YG): The slice size was 4 mm. Fresh Poria cocos was placed in a ventilated place away from sunlight to dry naturally, peeled, sliced, and placed in a relative humidity of 90% and a temperature of 23°C for 72 h (3 days), and then naturally dried in the shade.

[0105] Sweating group (FH): Piece size 8cm 3 ,Pile fresh Poria cocos (covered with nylon plastic cloth) and wrap them with polyethylene film. After repeated sweating (9 days), peel and slice them, and dry them at low temperature of 50℃.

[0106] Steaming group (ZH): The size of the slices was 6 mm, and the slices were steamed with steam film. The timer started when the temperature reached 100-105°C and the temperature in the steaming pool was uniform. Fresh Poria cocos was steamed for 40 minutes, peeled and sliced, and dried at a low temperature of 50°C. Sweating steaming group (FHZH): The size of the slices was 2 mm, and fresh Poria cocos was piled (covered with nylon plastic cloth) and wrapped with polyethylene film. After repeated sweating for 9 days, the slices were peeled and sliced, steamed for 40 minutes, and dried at a low temperature of 50°C.

[0107] The tuckahoe pieces obtained by the best processing technology of the above different groups were respectively used to prepare freeze-dried powders such as Fig. 9 As shown, the specific method is: placing the Poria cocos slices in an extraction container, then adding 70% ethanol solution by volume, so that the mass ratio of the Poria cocos slices to the ethanol solution is 1:3, reflux extraction twice, the reflux extraction time is 1h, the temperature is 80°C, the two extracts are combined, reduced pressure concentration, and freeze-vacuum drying to obtain the extract freeze-dried powder.

[0108] The shade-dried Poria slices were 4 mm thin slices, and the freeze-dried powder of the shade-dried Poria slice extract was pale white to pale yellow crystals. The freeze-dried powders of the fresh-cut group, sun-dried group, shade-dried group, sweating group, steamed group, and sweating steamed group were as follows: Fig.10 The freeze-dried powders of the extracts prepared above were weighed respectively, and the yields of freeze-dried powders of the extracts in each group were calculated as follows: fresh-cut group (XQ) 2.55%, sun-dried group (SG) 2.51%, shade-dried group (YG) 2.60%, sweating group (FH) 2.53%, steaming group (ZH) 2.53%, sweating steaming group (FHZH) 2.54%.

[0109] 2. Dosage design: According to the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the clinical dosage of Poria cocos in humans is 10-15g. If a 70kg person takes 15g of the drug, the human dosage is 214mg / kg. The mouse dosage is 9.1 times the human dosage, so the equivalent dose for mice is 1947.4mg / kg. The 5-fold equivalent dose is 9737mg / kg, which is administered by oral gavage.

[0110] 3. Body weight: C57BL / 6 male mice (eg Fig.11) 132 rats were weighed and randomly divided into 9 groups according to body weight. Among them, blank group (Blank), model group (Model 0.2% ADENINE), positive drug group (losartan potassium LP 13mg / kg), fresh-cut group (XQ 248.3mg / kg), sun-dried group (SG 244.3mg / kg), shade-dried group (YG 253.2mg / kg), sweating group (FH246.3mg / kg), steaming group (ZH 246.3mg / kg), sweating steaming group (FHZH 247.3mg / kg), 12 rats in each group. After one week of adaptation, the rats were fed continuously for 28 days according to the dosage design. The rats were weighed every 3 days during the experimental period. The weight changes were as follows: Fig.12 .like Fig.12 As shown in the results, the shade-dried Poria cocos group (YG) can significantly restore the weight loss of mice with renal fibrosis, and the effect is better than other different processed Poria cocos.

[0111] H&E and Masson trichrome staining pathological test: The treatment methods of each group were the same as those of the above 3 items. Kidney tissues of mice in each group were fixed with 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin, sliced ​​into 5 μm sections, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, dehydrated, and sealed for observation under a microscope. Fig.13 As shown. Fig.13 It can be seen that the freeze-dried powder group (YG) of Poria cocos dried slices extract can effectively change the pathological fibrosis and inflammatory changes in the kidneys of mice, and the effect is better than other different processed Poria cocos products.

[0112] 4. Biochemical indexes: The administration method of each group was the same as that of item 3 above. After the experiment, the serum of mice was taken for biochemical index detection. The final results were as follows: Fig.14 , 15 shown.

[0113] Depend on Fig.14 , 15 It can be seen that the freeze-dried powder group (YG) of Yin-dried Poria cocos slices extract can significantly reduce the biochemical serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen values ​​of ADENINE mice, and the effect is better than other different processed Poria cocos products.

[0114] 5. Kidney weight: The administration method of each group was the same as that of item 3 above. After the experiment, the weight of the left and right kidneys of the mice was counted. The final results were as follows: Fig.16 , 17 shown.

[0115] Finally, the effects of different groups on the pathological changes of H&E and Masson staining of renal tissue sections of mice with 0.2% ADENINE renal injury were obtained. Fig.16 , 17 shown.

[0116] Summary: The freeze-dried powder group of the dried Poria cocos slices extract prepared by the present invention can effectively restore the weight loss of ADENINE mice, reduce renal fibrosis and inflammation levels, and the effect is better than other different processed Poria cocos products. Therefore, the dried Poria cocos slices described in the present invention and the freeze-dried powder of the dried Poria cocos slices extract prepared therefrom can be used to prepare drugs for the treatment of renal fibrosis and renal diseases. The above-mentioned embodiments only describe the preferred modes of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical scheme of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shade-dried Poria cocos decoction piece, characterized in that: The shade-dried Poria cocos decoction pieces are prepared by the following method: S1. Dry the fresh Poria cocos naturally in a well-ventilated place away from sunlight and peel it. S2, cutting into slices with a thickness of 3 mm to 5 mm, and drying in the shade for 72±5 hours at a relative humidity of 90% and a temperature of 23°C±2°C, to obtain the shade-dried Poria cocos slices.

2. The dried Poria cocos decoction piece according to claim 1, characterized in that: S2, cut into slices with a thickness of 4 mm.

3. The dried Poria cocos decoction piece according to claim 1, characterized in that: S2. Cut into slices with a size of 3×3 cm.

4. A freeze-dried powder of a dried Poria cocos decoction piece extract prepared from the dried Poria cocos decoction piece according to claim 1, characterized in that The freeze-dried powder is prepared by the following method: The dried Poria cocos slices are added to an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 70%±10%, and condensed and refluxed for at least two times, and the extracts are combined, concentrated under reduced pressure, and freeze-dried in a vacuum to obtain freeze-dried powder of the dried Poria cocos slices extract.

5. The freeze-dried powder of the dried Poria cocos decoction pieces extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume fraction of the ethanol solution is 70%; the time of the reflux extraction is 1h-2h, and the temperature is 80°C±5°C.

6. The freeze-dried powder of the dried Poria cocos decoction pieces extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the shade-dried Poria cocos slices to the ethanol solution is 1:3-4.

7. Use of the dried Poria cocos slices according to claim 1 or the freeze-dried powder of the dried Poria cocos slices extract according to claim 4 in the preparation of a medicine for treating renal fibrosis and renal diseases.

8. A drug for treating renal fibrosis and other renal diseases, characterized in that: The medicine is the dried Poria cocos slices as claimed in claim 1 or the freeze-dried powder of the dried Poria cocos slices extract as claimed in claim 4 or the active substance contained therein.

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