Comprehensive test bed and method for detecting performance of hydraulic element

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive test bed and method for detecting the performance of a hydraulic element, and relates to the technical field of hydraulic element detection, and the comprehensive test bed comprises a hydraulic station, a test operation table and a PC terminal; detection units of all hydraulic elements are integrated on one device, the occupied area is reduced, the universality of the test bench is improved, performance testing of all the elements can be achieved according to the national standard, PLC control is used for replacing manual control and traditional relay control, and the testing efficiency and safety are improved. The hydraulic station is provided with the oil cooler, so that the oil temperature is not too high. In the hydraulic valve test unit, the designed oil way can use one flow sensor to meet the flow test requirements of different oil ways. The hydraulic cylinder testing unit can test the internal leakage amount of the hydraulic cylinder at the two stroke end points. The loading mode that the overflow valve provides back pressure for the hydraulic cylinders is safer and higher in reliability compared with a traditional two-hydraulic-cylinder opposite-jacking loading mode, and a hydraulic system is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic component detection, and in particular to a comprehensive test bench and method for detecting the performance of hydraulic components. Background Art

[0002] In the modern industrial field, hydraulic systems are widely used in various mechanical equipment due to their unique advantages. However, there are a series of problems in the current hydraulic system, which brings many challenges to actual production and maintenance. On the one hand, the hydraulic system has a complex structure. The numerous components and complex pipe connections make it difficult to clearly grasp the overall architecture of the system. This complexity not only increases the difficulty of design and setting, but also lays hidden dangers for subsequent fault diagnosis and troubleshooting. On the other hand, there are many types of faults and they are highly hidden. Since the working principle of the hydraulic system involves multiple fields such as fluid mechanics and mechanical transmission, its faults may manifest in various forms such as abnormal pressure, insufficient flow, leakage, etc. Moreover, many faults are not easy to detect in the early stage, and often need to be gradually revealed after a period of operation, which brings great uncertainty to the normal operation of the equipment.

[0003] When diagnosing and troubleshooting faults, high performance requirements are placed on the equipment detection components. However, existing test benches on the market have many shortcomings. First, there are few types of hydraulic components that can be detected, and each hydraulic component needs to purchase a corresponding test equipment, which not only increases the company's equipment procurement costs, but also takes up a lot of production space. Secondly, the need for corresponding electrical equipment and hydraulic stations makes the system less integrated and more complicated to operate and maintain. Furthermore, there are few detection items, making it difficult to fully evaluate the performance of hydraulic components, which may result in some potential problems not being discovered in time. Finally, the low degree of automation and poor testing efficiency require a lot of manual intervention, which not only wastes human resources, but is also prone to human errors, affecting the accuracy of test results.

[0004] In summary, the fault diagnosis and component performance testing of hydraulic systems currently face many problems. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive test bench and method that can overcome the defects of existing test benches to improve the efficiency and accuracy of hydraulic component performance testing and reduce enterprise costs and maintenance difficulties. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a comprehensive test bench and method for testing the performance of hydraulic components, which solves the technical problems that most test benches on the market can only test some hydraulic components, have few test items for components, require manual control during the test process, and have a low degree of automation. It is necessary to purchase special equipment for each component, which is costly, occupies a large area, and the software of each device is not universal.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a comprehensive test bench and method for detecting the performance of hydraulic components, including a hydraulic station, a test operation table and a PC end. The hydraulic station includes a power unit and an auxiliary unit. The power unit provides power for the entire system. The power unit of the hydraulic station is connected to public oil circuits a, b, c and d. The test operation table is composed of a hydraulic pump test unit, a servo valve test unit, a hydraulic cylinder test unit, a proportional valve control cylinder test unit, and a hydraulic motor test unit. The oil inlet of each test unit is provided with a stop valve connected in parallel with the hydraulic station through a public oil circuit. The PC end controls the hydraulic components of the test operation table through a programmable controller.

[0007] The power unit of the hydraulic station includes a dual-motor variable pump, a fuel tank and a first fixed-displacement pump, the outlet of the variable pump is connected in series with a first one-way valve, and the outlet of the first one-way valve is connected to a common oil circuit a; the first oil circuit connected to the variable pump and the first one-way valve is respectively provided with a first pilot-operated overflow valve and a first pressure gauge, and a first stop valve is provided on a branch connected to the first pressure gauge; an accumulator is provided on a second oil circuit connected to the outlet of the first one-way valve, and a second stop valve is provided on a branch connected to the accumulator; the outlet of the fuel tank is connected in sequence with a first overflow valve and a second one-way valve, and the outlet of the second one-way valve is connected to the common oil circuit a in parallel with the outlet of the first one-way valve; a second pressure gauge is provided on the common oil circuit a, and a third stop valve is provided on the branch connected to the second pressure gauge; the inlet of the variable pump is connected in series with a first filter and then connected to the fuel tank;

[0008] The outlet of the first metering pump is connected with the third one-way valve and the first electromagnetic reversing valve in sequence, and the outlet of the first metering pump is also provided with a second overflow valve, a fourth pressure gauge is provided between the outlet of the first metering pump and the second overflow valve, and a fifth stop valve is provided on the branch connected with the fourth pressure gauge; a third pressure gauge is provided between the third one-way valve and the first electromagnetic reversing valve, and a fourth stop valve is provided on the branch connected with the third pressure gauge; the outlet of the first electromagnetic reversing valve is connected in series with the second filter and then connected with the oil tank; the inlet of the first metering pump is connected with the oil tank; the oil ports A and B of the first electromagnetic reversing valve are connected in series with the first one-way throttle valve and the second one-way throttle valve respectively and then connected with the common oil circuits b and c.

[0009] According to the above technical scheme, the hydraulic pump test unit includes a test pump, and the return oil port of the test pump is connected to the fourth filter, the second flow sensor, the ninth stop valve and the measuring cylinder in sequence; the outlet of the test pump is connected to the fourth one-way valve, the second pilot overflow valve and the first flow sensor in sequence, and the third oil circuit connected with the fourth one-way valve and the second pilot overflow valve is respectively provided with the first pressure sensor and the fifth pressure gauge, the branch connected to the first pressure sensor is provided with the eighth stop valve, and the branch connected to the fifth pressure gauge is provided with the seventh stop valve; the outlet of the oil tank is connected to the third filter, and the outlet of the third filter is connected in parallel with the outlet of the first flow sensor, and then connected in series with the sixth stop valve and connected to the common oil circuit d; the inlet of the test pump is connected in series with the fifth filter and then connected to the oil tank; the oil tank is connected to the fifth one-way valve, and the fifth one-way valve is connected to the pipeline between the second flow sensor and the ninth stop valve.

[0010] According to the above technical scheme, the proportional valve-controlled cylinder test unit includes a first valve plate and a first test cylinder, the oil ports P, T, X, and Y of the first valve plate are respectively connected to the corresponding public oil circuits a, d, b, and c; a second displacement sensor is arranged on the first valve plate, and a fourth pressure sensor and a fifth pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the oil ports P and T of the first valve plate, and a tenth stop valve is arranged on the oil inlet pipeline of the oil port P of the first valve plate; a first displacement sensor is arranged on the first test cylinder, and the two chambers of the first test cylinder are respectively connected to the oil ports A and B of the first valve plate through the eleventh stop valve and the twelfth stop valve, a second pressure sensor is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the first test cylinder and the eleventh stop valve, and a third pressure sensor is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the first test cylinder and the twelfth stop valve.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the hydraulic cylinder test unit includes a second tested cylinder and a second electromagnetic reversing valve, the oil ports P and T of the second electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively connected to the corresponding public oil circuits a and d, the oil circuit in which the public oil circuit a is connected to the oil port P of the second electromagnetic reversing valve is also provided with a seventeenth stop valve and a first pressure reducing valve, the oil circuit in which the public oil circuit d is connected to the oil port T of the second electromagnetic reversing valve is also provided with a third overflow valve, the oil port A of the second electromagnetic reversing valve is connected in series with the third one-way throttle valve and then connected to a cavity of the second tested cylinder, the oil port B of the second electromagnetic reversing valve is connected in series with the fourth one-way throttle valve and then connected to the second Another cavity of the test cylinder is connected, a sixth pressure sensor is also arranged on the oil circuit connecting the third one-way throttle valve and the second test cylinder, a thirteenth stop valve is arranged on the branch connected to the sixth pressure sensor, a seventh pressure sensor is also arranged on the oil circuit connecting the fourth one-way throttle valve and the second test cylinder, a fourteenth stop valve is arranged on the branch connected to the seventh pressure sensor, the two cavities of the second test cylinder are connected through a fifteenth stop valve and a sixteenth stop valve, a third flow sensor is arranged between the fifteenth stop valve and the sixteenth stop valve, and a third displacement sensor is arranged on the cylinder body of the second test cylinder.

[0012] According to the above technical scheme, the hydraulic motor test unit includes a test motor and a third electromagnetic reversing valve, the oil ports P and T of the third electromagnetic reversing valve are respectively connected to the corresponding public oil circuits a and d, and the oil circuit where the public oil circuit a is connected to the oil port P of the third electromagnetic reversing valve is also provided with an eighteenth stop valve and a second pressure reducing valve, and the oil circuit where the public oil circuit d is connected to the oil port T of the third electromagnetic reversing valve is also provided with a fourth overflow valve, the oil port A of the third electromagnetic reversing valve is connected in series with a fifth one-way throttle valve and then connected to a cavity of the test motor, the oil port B of the third electromagnetic reversing valve is connected in series with a sixth one-way throttle valve and then connected to another cavity of the test motor, the oil circuit where the fifth one-way throttle valve is connected to the test motor is also provided with an eighth pressure sensor, and the branch connected to the eighth pressure sensor is provided with a nineteenth stop valve, the oil circuit where the sixth one-way throttle valve is connected to the test motor is also provided with a ninth pressure sensor, and the branch connected to the ninth pressure sensor is provided with a twentieth stop valve, and the oil return port of the test motor is connected in series with the fourth flow sensor and then connected to the public oil circuit d.

[0013] According to the above technical scheme, the servo valve test unit includes a second valve plate and a fourth solenoid reversing valve, the oil ports A, P, B, and T of the second valve plate are respectively provided with the tenth pressure sensor, the eleventh pressure sensor, the twelfth pressure sensor, and the thirteenth pressure sensor, a twenty-first stop valve is provided on the pipeline connected to the oil port A of the second valve plate and the tenth pressure sensor, a twenty-second stop valve is provided on the pipeline connected to the oil port P of the second valve plate and the eleventh pressure sensor, a twenty-third stop valve is provided on the pipeline connected to the oil port B of the second valve plate and the twelfth pressure sensor, a twenty-fourth stop valve is provided on the pipeline connected to the oil port T of the second valve plate and the thirteenth pressure sensor, the oil port P of the second valve plate is connected to the first solenoid valve, the sixth filter, the sixth one-way valve, and the twenty-fifth stop valve in sequence, and then connected to the common oil circuit a, the second valve plate A third solenoid valve, a fifth flow sensor and a fifth solenoid valve are arranged on the oil circuit between the oil ports A and B, the oil port T of the second valve plate is connected to the oil port P of the fourth solenoid reversing valve, the oil port T of the fourth solenoid reversing valve is connected to the second solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve is connected to the pipeline between the first solenoid valve and the sixth filter, the oil port T of the fourth solenoid reversing valve is connected to the common oil circuit d, the oil port B of the fourth solenoid reversing valve is connected to the pipeline between the third solenoid valve and the fifth flow sensor, the oil port A of the fourth solenoid reversing valve is connected to the oil port T of the fourth solenoid reversing valve, the oil port A of the fourth solenoid reversing valve is connected to the fourth solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve is connected to the pipeline between the fifth flow sensor and the fifth solenoid valve, the common oil circuit d is connected to the first pressure reducing valve, and the first pressure reducing valve is arranged between the sixth one-way valve and the twenty-fifth stop valve.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the auxiliary unit of the hydraulic station includes a second metering pump, the outlet of which is connected to the sixth filter and the cooler in sequence, and then connected to the oil tank. The inlet of the second metering pump is connected to the oil tank, which plays the role of filtering the system oil and regulating the system temperature.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the oil tank is provided with a liquid level gauge, a thermometer and an air filter.

[0016] Compared with the related art, the comprehensive test bench and method for detecting the performance of hydraulic components provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention provides a comprehensive test bench and method for detecting the performance of hydraulic components. By integrating the detection units of various hydraulic components into one device, the floor space is reduced, the versatility of the test bench is improved, and the performance test of each component can be realized in accordance with national standards. PLC control is used to replace manual control and traditional relay control, thereby improving the test efficiency and safety. The hydraulic station is provided with an oil cooler to ensure that the oil temperature is not too high. In the hydraulic valve test unit, the designed oil circuit can use a flow sensor to meet the needs of flow testing of different oil circuits. The hydraulic cylinder test unit can test the internal leakage of the hydraulic cylinder at the end points of the two strokes. The loading method in which the overflow valve provides back pressure for the hydraulic cylinder is safer and more reliable than the traditional two-hydraulic cylinder top loading method, and simplifies the hydraulic system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hydraulic station and a hydraulic pump test unit of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a proportional valve controlled cylinder test unit of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hydraulic cylinder test unit of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hydraulic motor test unit of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the servo valve test unit of the present invention.

[0024] Numbers in the figure: 1, variable pump; 21, first filter; 22, second filter; 23, third filter; 24, fourth filter; 25, fifth filter; 26, sixth filter; 31, first stop valve; 32, second stop valve; 33, third stop valve; 34, fourth stop valve; 35, fifth stop valve; 36, sixth stop valve; 37, seventh stop valve; 38, eighth stop valve; 39, ninth stop valve; 310, tenth stop valve; 311, eleventh stop valve; 312, twelfth stop valve; 313, thirteenth stop valve; 314, fourteenth stop valve; 315, fifteenth stop valve; 316, sixteenth stop valve; 317, seventeenth stop valve; 318, eighteenth stop valve; 319, tenth 9th stop valve; 320, 20th stop valve; 321, 21st stop valve; 322, 22nd stop valve; 323, 23rd stop valve; 324, 24th stop valve; 325, 25th stop valve; 41, first motor; 42, second motor; 43, third motor; 44, fourth motor; 51, first pilot relief valve; 52, second pilot relief valve; 61, first pressure gauge; 62, second pressure gauge; 63, third pressure gauge; 64, fourth pressure gauge; 65, fifth pressure gauge; 71, first check valve; 72, second check valve; 73, third check valve; 74, fourth check valve; 75, fifth check valve; 76, sixth check valve; 8, accumulator; 91, first relief valve; 92, first Second overflow valve; 93, third overflow valve; 94, fourth overflow valve; 101, first metering pump; 102, second metering pump; 111, first electromagnetic reversing valve; 112, second electromagnetic reversing valve; 113, third electromagnetic reversing valve; 114, fourth electromagnetic reversing valve; 121, first one-way throttle valve; 122, second one-way throttle valve; 123, third one-way throttle valve; 124, fourth one-way throttle valve; 125, fifth one-way throttle valve; 126, sixth one-way throttle valve; 131, first flow sensor; 132, second flow sensor; 133, third flow sensor; 134, fourth flow sensor; 135, fifth flow sensor; 141, first pressure sensor; 142, second pressure sensor; 143 , the third pressure sensor; 144, the fourth pressure sensor; 145, the fifth pressure sensor; 146, the sixth pressure sensor; 147, the seventh pressure sensor; 148, the eighth pressure sensor; 149, the ninth pressure sensor; 1410, the tenth pressure sensor; 1411, the eleventh pressure sensor; 1412, the twelfth pressure sensor; 1413, the thirteenth pressure sensor; 15, the level gauge; 16, the thermometer; 17, the tested pump; 18, the measuring cylinder; 19, the oil tank; 20, the cooler; 201, the air filter; 221, the first tested cylinder; 222, the second tested cylinder; 231, the first displacement sensor; 232, the second displacement sensor; 233, the third displacement sensor; 241, the first valve plate;242, second valve plate; 250, tested motor; 261, first solenoid valve; 262, second solenoid valve; 263, third solenoid valve; 264, fourth solenoid valve; 265, fifth solenoid valve; 271, first pressure reducing valve; 272, second pressure reducing valve. ; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Example, by Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a comprehensive test bench and method for testing hydraulic components, which integrate the performance testing functions of hydraulic pumps, hydraulic motors, hydraulic valves, hydraulic cylinders, and proportional valve-controlled cylinders on one device. The test bench carries out component performance testing according to a preset program.

[0026] Specifically, it includes a hydraulic station, a test bench and a PC. The hydraulic station includes a power unit and an auxiliary unit. The power unit of the hydraulic station is connected to public oil circuits a, b, c and d respectively. The test bench includes a hydraulic pump test unit, a servo valve test unit, a hydraulic cylinder test unit, a proportional valve control cylinder test unit and a hydraulic motor test unit. The oil of each test unit is connected in parallel with the hydraulic station through the corresponding public oil circuit. The PC controls the hydraulic components of the test bench through a programmable controller; the PC controls the test bench to display and store experimental data. The test bench hydraulic components are controlled by a programmable controller to realize the detection of different components. The test bench detects the performance of components according to the latest national detection standards. The signals of the sensors of the entire test bench are collected through an AD digital-to-analog converter, and the flow signal and pressure signal are transmitted to the data acquisition card, which is converted into digital signals by the data acquisition card and sent to the PC.

[0027] The power unit of the hydraulic station includes a dual-motor variable pump 1, an oil tank 19 and a first fixed-displacement pump 101. The outlet of the variable pump 1 is connected in series with a first non-return valve 71, and the outlet of the first non-return valve 71 is connected to the common oil circuit a; the first oil circuit connecting the variable pump 1 and the first non-return valve 71 is respectively provided with a first pilot relief valve 51 and a first pressure gauge 61. The first pilot relief valve 51 plays a role in limiting the system pressure. When the oil pressure output by the variable pump 1 exceeds the pressure value set by the first pilot relief valve 51, the relief valve opens, and the excess oil flows back to the oil tank through the relief valve, thereby preventing In order to prevent the system pressure from being too high and causing damage to the hydraulic components (such as the variable pump itself, pipelines, various valves and subsequently connected actuators, etc.), a first stop valve 31 is provided on the branch connected to the first pressure gauge 61; an accumulator 8 is provided on the second oil circuit connected to the outlet of the first check valve 71. The accumulator 8 can play a buffering role when the pressure and flow of the hydraulic system fluctuate. When the oil pressure output by the variable pump 1 is higher than the pressure required by the system, the excess oil will be stored in the accumulator 8 in the form of pressure energy. At certain moments in the system, the actuators need a large amount of oil to quickly The action is completed quickly. At this time, the flow of the variable pump may not be able to meet the demand in time. The accumulator 8 can release the previously stored oil to supplement the flow of the system to ensure that the actuator can work normally. A second stop valve 32 is provided on the branch connected to the accumulator 8; the outlet of the oil tank 19 is connected to the first overflow valve 91 and the second one-way valve 72 in sequence, and the outlet of the second one-way valve 72 is connected to the public oil circuit a in parallel with the outlet of the first one-way valve 71; a second pressure gauge 62 is provided on the public oil circuit a, and a third stop valve 33 is provided on the branch connected to the second pressure gauge 62; the inlet of the variable pump 1 is connected in series The first filter 21 is connected to the oil tank 19; the first pressure gauge 61 is used to directly monitor the pressure of the oil circuit between the variable pump 1 and the first check valve 71. By reading the value of the pressure gauge, the operator can understand the pressure condition of this part of the oil circuit in real time. The second pressure gauge 62 is installed on the public oil circuit a. Its main function is to monitor the pressure condition of the oil after being processed by various components after entering the public oil circuit. This is very important for the pressure control and fault diagnosis of the entire hydraulic system, because the public oil circuit is the key oil circuit connected to the subsequent actuator, and its pressure state directly affects the working performance of the actuator.

[0028] The outlet of the first metering pump 101 is connected to the third one-way valve 73 and the first electromagnetic reversing valve 111 in sequence. The outlet of the first metering pump 101 is also provided with a second relief valve 92. The second relief valve 92 is mainly used to limit the pressure at the outlet of the first metering pump 101. When the oil pressure exceeds the pressure value set by the second relief valve due to some reason (such as a sudden increase in load, oil circuit blockage, etc.), the relief valve opens, and the excess oil will flow back to the oil tank 19, which can prevent the outlet pressure of the first metering pump 101 from being too high, and avoid damage to the metering pump itself and the subsequently connected hydraulic components (such as the electromagnetic reversing valve, the one-way throttle valve and the actuator connected thereto, etc.). There is a pressure difference between the outlet of the first metering pump 101 and the second relief valve 92. A fourth pressure gauge 64 is provided, which is mainly used to monitor the pressure at the outlet of the first metering pump 101, which is a direct basis for judging whether the working state of the first metering pump 101 is normal. A fifth stop valve 35 is provided on the branch connected to the fourth pressure gauge 64; a third pressure gauge 63 is provided between the third one-way valve 73 and the first electromagnetic reversing valve 111, and a fourth stop valve 34 is provided on the branch connected to the third pressure gauge 63; the outlet of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 111 is connected in series with the second filter 22 and then connected to the oil tank 19; the inlet of the first metering pump 101 is connected to the oil tank 19; the oil ports A and B of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 111 are connected in series with the first one-way throttle valve 121 and the second one-way throttle valve 122 respectively and then connected to the public oil circuits b and c;

[0029] The hydraulic pump test unit includes a test pump 17, the return oil port of the test pump 17 is connected in sequence with the fourth filter 24, the second flow sensor 132, the ninth stop valve 39 and the measuring cylinder 18; the second flow sensor 132 detects the leakage oil flow of the test pump 17, the measuring cylinder 18 is used to collect and measure the leakage oil of the test pump, and the sealing performance of the test pump 17 is evaluated by measuring the volume of the leakage oil. The second flow sensor 132 is specifically used to detect the leakage oil flow of the test pump, which is convenient for determining the internal sealing of the test pump. The outlet of the test pump 17 is connected in sequence with the fourth check valve 74, the second pilot relief valve 52 and the first flow sensor 131. The second pilot relief valve 52 limits the maximum pressure at the outlet of the test pump 17 to prevent damage to the system caused by excessive pressure. At the same time, the test pressure range can be set by adjusting it. The first flow sensor 131 measures the flow at the outlet of the test pump 17, which is used to detect whether the flow output of the test pump 17 meets the requirements and helps evaluate the performance of the pump. The third oil circuit connected to the pilot relief valve 52 is respectively provided with a first pressure sensor 141 and a fifth pressure gauge 65. The first pressure sensor 141 monitors the outlet pressure of the test pump 17 and converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal to facilitate recording and analysis of pressure data. The fifth pressure gauge 65 intuitively displays the outlet pressure of the test pump 17, which is used to observe the pressure situation on site and assist the test process. The branch connected to the first pressure sensor 141 is provided with an eighth stop valve 38, and the branch connected to the fifth pressure gauge 65 is provided with a seventh stop valve 37; the outlet of the oil tank 19 is connected to the third filter 23, and the outlet of the third filter 23 is connected in parallel with the outlet of the first flow sensor 131 to detect the outlet flow of the test pump 17, and then connected in series with the sixth stop valve 36 and connected to the common oil circuit d; the inlet of the test pump 17 is connected in series with the fifth filter 25 and then connected to the oil tank 19; the oil tank 19 is connected to the fifth one-way valve 75, and the fifth one-way valve 75 is connected to the pipeline between the second flow sensor 132 and the ninth stop valve 39.

[0030] The proportional valve control cylinder test unit includes a first valve plate 241 and a first tested cylinder 221. The oil ports P, T, X, and Y of the first valve plate 241 are connected to the corresponding public oil circuits a, d, b, and c respectively. A second displacement sensor 232 is provided on the first valve plate 241 for measuring the displacement of the valve core. A fourth pressure sensor 144 and a fifth pressure sensor 145 are provided on the oil ports P and T of the first valve plate 241 to measure the oil port pressures of the valves P and T respectively. A first pressure sensor 146 is provided on the oil inlet pipeline of the oil port P of the first valve plate 241. Ten stop valves 310; a first displacement sensor 231 is provided on the first test cylinder 221 to measure the cylinder displacement, the two chambers of the first test cylinder 221 are connected to the oil ports A and B of the first valve plate 241 through the eleventh stop valve 311 and the twelfth stop valve 312 respectively, a second pressure sensor 142 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the first test cylinder 221 and the eleventh stop valve 311, and a third pressure sensor 143 is provided on the connecting pipeline between the first test cylinder 221 and the twelfth stop valve 312 to measure the pressure of the two chambers of the cylinder.

[0031] In the proportional valve control cylinder test unit, the first valve plate 241 is connected to the common oil circuit, and the second displacement sensor 232 arranged thereon is used to measure the displacement of the valve core. The fourth pressure sensor 144 and the fifth pressure sensor 145 on the oil ports P and T respectively measure the pressure of the valve P and T oil ports, and the tenth stop valve 310 on the oil inlet pipeline plays the role of controlling the on-off of the oil circuit; the first displacement sensor 231 on the first tested cylinder 221 measures the cylinder displacement, and the two chambers are connected to the first valve plate 241 through the eleventh stop valve 311 and the twelfth stop valve 312, and the second pressure sensor 142 and the third pressure sensor 143 on the connecting pipeline measure the pressure of the two chambers of the cylinder. These components work together to open the relevant stop valves, the motor and the quantitative pump work, the electromagnetic reversing valve controls the flow direction of the oil, the overflow valve sets and adjusts the pressure, the one-way throttle valve adjusts the flow, each pressure sensor measures the pressure at the corresponding position, and the displacement sensor measures the displacement of the tested cylinder and the valve core, so as to realize the test of the proportional valve control cylinder system.

[0032] The hydraulic cylinder test unit includes a second test cylinder 222 and a second electromagnetic reversing valve 112. The oil ports P and T of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 112 are respectively connected to the corresponding public oil circuits a and d. The oil circuit connecting the public oil circuit a with the oil port P of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 112 is also provided with a seventeenth stop valve 317 and a first pressure reducing valve 271. The oil circuit connecting the public oil circuit d with the oil port T of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 112 is also provided with a third overflow valve 93. The first pressure reducing valve 271 and the third overflow valve 93 respectively adjust the inlet and outlet pressures. The oil port A of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 112 is connected in series with the third one-way throttle valve 123 and then connected to one cavity of the second test cylinder 222. The oil port B of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 112 is connected in series with the fourth one-way throttle valve 124 and then connected to the other cavity of the second test cylinder 222. The third one-way throttle valve 124 is connected in series with the fourth one-way throttle valve 125. A sixth pressure sensor 146 is also provided on the oil circuit connecting the flow valve 123 and the second test cylinder 222, a thirteenth stop valve 313 is provided on the branch connecting the sixth pressure sensor 146, a seventh pressure sensor 147 is also provided on the oil circuit connecting the fourth one-way throttle valve 124 and the second test cylinder 222, a fourteenth stop valve 314 is provided on the branch connecting the seventh pressure sensor 147, the two chambers of the second test cylinder 222 are connected through a fifteenth stop valve 315 and a sixteenth stop valve 316, a third flow sensor 133 is provided between the fifteenth stop valve 315 and the sixteenth stop valve 316, the third flow sensor 133 can be used to measure the leakage at the two end positions of the test cylinder, and the cylinder body of the second test cylinder 222 is provided with a third displacement sensor 233.

[0033] In the hydraulic cylinder test unit, the second tested cylinder 222 is connected to the common oil circuit through the second electromagnetic reversing valve 112, the common oil circuit a is connected to the oil port P of the second electromagnetic reversing valve 112, and the oil circuit is provided with the seventeenth stop valve 317 and the first pressure reducing valve 271, and the common oil circuit d is connected to the oil port T, and the oil circuit is provided with the third overflow valve 93. The oil ports A and B are connected in series with the third one-way throttle valve 123 and the fourth one-way throttle valve 124 respectively, and then connected to the two chambers of the second tested cylinder 222, and the connecting oil circuits are provided with the sixth pressure sensor 146 and the thirteenth stop valve 313, the seventh pressure sensor 147 and the fourteenth stop valve 314 respectively. The two chambers of the second tested cylinder 222 are connected through the fifteenth stop valve 315 and the sixteenth stop valve 316, and there is a third flow sensor 133 between them, and the cylinder body is provided with a third displacement sensor 233. These components work together. After the relevant stop valves are opened, the first pressure reducing valve 271 and the third relief valve 93 adjust the inlet and outlet pressures, the one-way throttle valve adjusts the flow, the pressure sensor measures the pressure in the two chambers, and the displacement sensor measures the cylinder displacement. By controlling the power state of the second solenoid reversing valve 112 and opening and closing the relevant stop valves, the third flow sensor 133 can be used to measure the internal leakage at the two end positions of the test cylinder. The fifth relief valve 95 provides back pressure for the hydraulic cylinder to achieve loading.

[0034] The hydraulic motor test unit includes a tested motor 250 and a third electromagnetic reversing valve 113. The oil ports P and T of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 113 are connected to the corresponding public oil circuits a and d respectively. The oil circuit connecting the public oil circuit a with the oil port P of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 113 is also provided with an eighteenth stop valve 318 and a second pressure reducing valve 272. The oil circuit connecting the public oil circuit d with the oil port T of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 113 is also provided with a fourth overflow valve 94. The second pressure reducing valve 272 and the fourth overflow valve 94 adjust the inlet and outlet pressures of the motor. The oil port A of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 113 is connected in series with the fifth one-way throttle valve 125 and then connected to a cavity of the tested motor 250. The third electromagnetic reversing valve The oil port B of 113 is connected in series with the sixth one-way throttle valve 126 and then connected to another chamber of the test motor 250. The oil circuit connecting the fifth one-way throttle valve 125 and the test motor 250 is also provided with an eighth pressure sensor 148, and the branch connected to the eighth pressure sensor 148 is provided with a nineteenth stop valve 319. The oil circuit connecting the sixth one-way throttle valve 126 and the test motor 250 is also provided with a ninth pressure sensor 149, and the branch connected to the ninth pressure sensor 149 is provided with a twentieth stop valve 320. The oil return port of the test motor 250 is connected in series with the fourth flow sensor 134 and then connected to the common oil circuit d, and the fourth flow sensor 134 is used to measure the internal leakage.

[0035] In the hydraulic motor test unit, the motor under test 250 is connected to the public oil circuit through the third electromagnetic reversing valve 113. The public oil circuit a is connected to the oil port P of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 113, and there is an eighteenth stop valve 318 and a second pressure reducing valve 272 on the oil circuit. The public oil circuit d is connected to the oil port T, and there is a fourth overflow valve 94 on the oil circuit. The oil ports A and B are connected in series with the fifth one-way throttle valve 125 and the sixth one-way throttle valve 126 respectively, and then connected to the two chambers of the motor under test 250. The connecting oil circuits are respectively connected with the eighth pressure sensor 148 and the nineteenth stop valve 319, the ninth pressure sensor 149 and the twentieth stop valve 320. The return oil port of the motor under test 250 is connected in series with the fourth flow sensor 134 and then connected to the public oil circuit d. These components work together. After the eighth stop valve 38 is opened, the pressure sensor measures the pressure of the motor inlet and outlet oil ports, the one-way throttle valve adjusts the inlet and outlet flow, the electromagnetic reversing valve controls the flow direction of the oil, the flow sensor measures the internal leakage, and the overflow valve and the pressure reducing valve adjust the inlet and outlet pressures of the motor.

[0036] The servo valve test unit includes a second valve plate 242 and a fourth solenoid reversing valve 114. The oil ports A, P, B, and T of the second valve plate 242 are respectively provided with a tenth pressure sensor 1410, an eleventh pressure sensor 1411, a twelfth pressure sensor 1412, and a thirteenth pressure sensor 1413. A twenty-first stop valve 321 is provided on a pipeline connecting the oil port A of the second valve plate 242 and the tenth pressure sensor 1410. A twenty-first stop valve 321 is provided on a pipeline connecting the oil port P of the second valve plate 242 and the eleventh pressure sensor 1411. A twenty-third stop valve 323 is provided on the pipeline connecting the oil port B of the second valve plate 242 and the twelfth pressure sensor 1412, a twenty-fourth stop valve 324 is provided on the pipeline connecting the oil port T of the second valve plate 242 and the thirteenth pressure sensor 1413, the oil port P of the second valve plate 242 is connected to the first solenoid valve 261, the sixth filter 26, the sixth one-way valve 76 and the twenty-fifth stop valve 325 in sequence, and then connected to the common oil circuit a, and a third stop valve 326 is provided on the oil circuit between the oil ports A and B of the second valve plate 242. The solenoid valve 263, the fifth flow sensor 135 and the fifth solenoid valve 265, the fifth flow sensor 135 measures various test flows, each pressure sensor tests the pressure of the four oil ports of the test valve, the oil port T of the second valve plate 242 is connected to the oil port P of the fourth solenoid reversing valve 114, the oil port T of the fourth solenoid reversing valve 114 is connected to the second solenoid valve 262, the second solenoid valve 262 is connected to the pipeline between the first solenoid valve 261 and the sixth filter 26, the oil port T of the fourth solenoid reversing valve 114 is connected to the public oil circuit d, the fourth solenoid reversing valve 114 is connected to the oil port P of the fourth solenoid reversing valve 114, the oil port T of the fourth solenoid reversing valve 114 is connected to the public oil circuit d, the fourth solenoid reversing valve 114 is connected to the oil port T of the fourth solenoid reversing valve 114, the oil port T of the fourth solenoid reversing valve 114 is connected to the public oil circuit d, the fourth solenoid reversing valve 114 is connected to the oil port P ... The oil port B of the valve 114 is connected to the pipeline between the third solenoid valve 263 and the fifth flow sensor 135, the oil port A of the fourth solenoid reversing valve 114 is connected to the oil port T of the fourth solenoid reversing valve 114, the oil port A of the fourth solenoid reversing valve 114 is connected to the fourth solenoid valve 264, the fourth solenoid valve 264 is connected to the pipeline between the fifth flow sensor 135 and the fifth solenoid valve 265, the common oil circuit d is connected to the first pressure reducing valve 271, and the first pressure reducing valve 271 is arranged between the sixth one-way valve 76 and the twenty-fifth stop valve 325.

[0037] In the servo valve test unit, each oil port of the second valve plate 242 is respectively provided with different pressure sensors and stop valves. The oil port P is connected to the public oil circuit a after being connected to the first solenoid valve 261, the sixth filter 26, the sixth check valve 76 and the twenty-fifth stop valve 325 in sequence. The third solenoid valve 263, the fifth flow sensor 135 and the fifth solenoid valve 265 are arranged between the oil ports A and B. The fourth solenoid reversing valve 114 connects the various components, and the public oil circuit d is connected to the first pressure reducing valve 271. These components work together, and after the relevant stop valves are opened, the flow characteristics, internal leakage characteristics and pressure characteristics of the hydraulic valve are tested through the combination of different solenoid valves. The system pressure relief is realized by the second solenoid valve 262 being energized, the fifth flow sensor 135 measures the test flow, and each pressure sensor tests the pressure of the four oil ports of the tested valve.

[0038] The auxiliary unit of the hydraulic station includes a second metering pump 102. The outlet of the second metering pump 102 is connected to the sixth filter 26 and the cooler 20 in sequence, and then connected to the oil tank 19. The inlet of the second metering pump 102 is connected to the oil tank 19 to filter the system oil and regulate the system temperature.

[0039] The oil tank 19 is provided with a level gauge 15, a thermometer 16 and an air filter 201. The analog quantity of the level gauge 15 is 4-20mA. When the oil tank level is high, refueling is not allowed and an alarm is sounded; when the oil tank level is low, refueling is required, the oil pump motor cannot be started, and an alarm is sounded; when the oil tank level is too low, the oil pump motor and the electric heater are stopped and an alarm is sounded.

[0040] Working principle: Turn on the power supply of the dual motors of the variable pump 1 and the third motor 43, the hydraulic station starts to work, and provides pressurized oil for the common oil circuits a, b, and c. The dual motors of the variable pump 1 are connected to 380V AC, with a rated power of 37kW. During normal operation, one motor is in working state. The third motor 43 is started when the system needs to be pressurized. The third motor 43 is connected to 380V AC, with a rated power of 7.5kW. When the second fixed displacement pump 102 is working, the second motor 42 is started, and the second motor 42 is connected to 380V AC, with a rated power of 7.5kW.

[0041] 1. Pump testing

[0042] The hydraulic pump test unit can be obtained by closing the sixth stop valve 36. The second pilot relief valve 52 is energized to adjust the hydraulic pump outlet pressure, and the tested pump 17 is connected to the fourth motor 44. After the fourth motor 44 is energized, the first flow sensor 131 and the second flow sensor 132 respectively measure the hydraulic pump outlet flow and the oil return port flow, and the first pressure sensor 141 measures the hydraulic pump outlet pressure.

[0043] 2. Servo valve test

[0044] The hydraulic valve test unit can be obtained by opening the sixth stop valve 36 and the twenty-fifth stop valve 325. The test valve is set on the second valve plate 242, the third overflow valve 53 is energized to adjust the test system pressure, the first solenoid valve 261, the third solenoid valve 263, and the fifth solenoid valve 265 are energized to test the flow characteristics of the hydraulic valve; the first solenoid valve 261, the fourth solenoid valve 264, and the second solenoid reversing valve 114 are energized to the right position to test the internal leakage characteristics of the hydraulic valve; the first solenoid valve 261 is energized to test the pressure characteristics of the servo valve; the system pressure relief is achieved by energizing the second solenoid valve 262, the fifth flow sensor 135 measures the flow of each test, and the tenth pressure sensor 1410, the eleventh pressure sensor 1411, the twelfth pressure sensor 1412, and the thirteenth pressure sensor 1413 test the pressure of the four oil ports of the test valve.

[0045] 3. Testing of hydraulic cylinder

[0046] The hydraulic cylinder test unit can be obtained by opening the sixth stop valve 36 and the twelfth stop valve 312. The first pressure reducing valve 271 and the fifth overflow valve 95 adjust the inlet and outlet pressures of the test unit system, the third one-way throttle valve 123 and the fourth one-way throttle valve 124 adjust the flow of the test system, the sixth pressure sensor 146 and the seventh pressure sensor 147 measure the pressure of the two chambers of the hydraulic cylinder, and the third displacement sensor 233 measures the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder. The second electromagnetic reversing valve 112 is energized in the right position, the piston of the tested cylinder extends, and after the piston reaches the end position of the stroke, the sixteenth stop valve 316 is opened and the fifteenth stop valve 315 is closed, and the third flow sensor 133 measures the leakage from the rodless chamber to the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder; the second electromagnetic reversing valve 112 is energized in the left position, the piston of the tested cylinder retracts, and after the piston reaches the end position of the stroke, the fifteenth stop valve 315 is opened and the sixteenth stop valve 316 is closed, and the third flow sensor 133 measures the leakage from the rod chamber to the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder. The leakage in the two end positions of the stroke of the tested cylinder is measured. The fifth relief valve 95 provides back pressure for the hydraulic cylinder to realize loading of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0047] 4. Test of proportional valve control cylinder

[0048] The valve-controlled cylinder test unit can be obtained by opening the sixth stop valve 36 and the ninth stop valve 39. The motor 10 is turned on, the first quantitative pump 101 starts to work, the first electromagnetic reversing valve 111 controls the oil flow direction, the oil circuits b and c provide control oil for the proportional valve, the third relief valve 93 sets the pump outlet pressure, the second relief valve 92 adjusts and controls the oil pressure, the first one-way throttle valve 121 and the second one-way throttle valve 122 adjust and control the oil flow, the second pressure sensor 142 and the third pressure sensor 143 measure the pressure of the two chambers of the cylinder, the fourth pressure sensor 144 and the fifth pressure sensor 145 measure the pressure of the valve P and T oil ports, and the first displacement sensor 231 and the second displacement sensor 232 respectively measure the displacement of the tested cylinder and the valve core.

[0049] 5. Hydraulic motor testing

[0050] The eighth stop valve 38 is opened to obtain the hydraulic motor test unit. The eighth pressure sensor 148 and the ninth pressure sensor 149 measure the pressure of the motor inlet and outlet, the fifth one-way throttle valve 125 and the sixth one-way throttle valve 126 adjust the flow of the hydraulic motor inlet and outlet, the third electromagnetic reversing valve 113 controls the oil flow direction, the fourth flow sensor 134 measures the leakage of the hydraulic motor, and the seventh relief valve 97 and the second pressure reducing valve 272 adjust the pressure of the motor inlet and outlet.

Claims

1. A comprehensive test bench for testing the performance of hydraulic components, including a hydraulic station, a test operation table and a PC terminal, characterized in that: The hydraulic station includes a power unit and an auxiliary unit. The power unit of the hydraulic station is respectively connected to public oil circuits a, b, c and d. The test operation table includes a hydraulic pump test unit, a servo valve test unit, a hydraulic cylinder test unit, a proportional valve control cylinder test unit and a hydraulic motor test unit. The oil of each test unit is connected in parallel with the hydraulic station through the corresponding public oil circuit. The PC end controls the hydraulic components of the test operation table through a programmable controller. The power unit of the hydraulic station comprises a dual-motor variable pump (1), an oil tank (19) and a first fixed-displacement pump (101); the outlet of the variable pump (1) is connected in series with a first non-return valve (71), and the outlet of the first non-return valve (71) is connected to a common oil circuit a; a first pilot-operated overflow valve (51) and a first pressure gauge (61) are respectively arranged on the first oil circuit connecting the variable pump (1) and the first non-return valve (71); the first pilot-operated overflow valve (51) serves to limit the system pressure, and a first stop valve (31) is arranged on the branch connected to the first pressure gauge (61); a second oil circuit connected to the outlet of the first non-return valve (71) is provided with a An accumulator (8) is provided, wherein the accumulator (8) can play a buffering role when the pressure and flow of the hydraulic system fluctuate. A second stop valve (32) is provided on a branch line connected to the accumulator (8); the outlet of the oil tank (19) is connected to a first overflow valve (91) and a second one-way valve (72) in sequence, and the outlet of the second one-way valve (72) is connected to a common oil circuit a in parallel with the outlet of the first one-way valve (71); a second pressure gauge (62) is provided on the common oil circuit a, and a third stop valve (33) is provided on the branch line connected to the second pressure gauge (62); the inlet of the variable pump (1) is connected to the oil tank (19) after being connected in series with a first filter (21); The outlet of the first metering pump (101) is connected to a third non-return valve (73) and a first electromagnetic reversing valve (111) in sequence. The outlet of the first metering pump (101) is also provided with a second overflow valve (92). The second overflow valve (92) is mainly used to limit the pressure at the outlet of the first metering pump (101). A fourth pressure gauge (64) is provided between the outlet of the first metering pump (101) and the second overflow valve (92). The fourth pressure gauge (64) is mainly used to monitor the pressure at the outlet of the first metering pump (101). The fourth pressure gauge (64) is also provided when debugging and setting the pressure value of the second overflow valve (92). A fifth stop valve (35) is provided on the branch line; a third pressure gauge (63) is provided between the third one-way valve (73) and the first electromagnetic reversing valve (111), and a fourth stop valve (34) is provided on the branch line connected to the third pressure gauge (63); the outlet of the first electromagnetic reversing valve (111) is connected in series with the second filter (22) and then connected to the oil tank (19); the inlet of the first metering pump (101) is connected to the oil tank (19); the oil ports A and B of the first electromagnetic reversing valve (111) are connected in series with the first one-way throttle valve (121) and the second one-way throttle valve (122) and then connected to the common oil circuits b and c; The hydraulic pump test unit comprises a test pump (17), the oil return port of the test pump (17) being connected in sequence to a fourth filter (24), a second flow sensor (132), a ninth stop valve (39) and a measuring cylinder (18); the second flow sensor (132) detecting the leakage oil flow of the test pump (17), the measuring cylinder (18) being used to collect and measure the leakage oil of the test pump, and the sealing performance of the test pump (17) being evaluated by measuring the volume of the leakage oil; the second flow sensor (132) being specifically used to detect the leakage oil flow of the test pump, so as to facilitate determining the internal sealing of the test pump. The outlet of the test pump (17) is connected in sequence to a fourth one-way valve (74), a second pilot relief valve (52) and a first flow sensor (131). The second pilot relief valve (52) limits the maximum pressure at the outlet of the test pump (17) to prevent damage to the system caused by excessive pressure. The test pressure range can be set by adjusting it. The first flow sensor (131) measures the flow at the outlet of the test pump (17) to detect whether the flow output of the test pump (17) meets the requirements and helps evaluate the performance of the pump. The fourth one-way valve (74) and the second pilot relief valve (52) are connected to the outlet of the test pump (17). A first pressure sensor (141) and a fifth pressure gauge (65) are respectively arranged on the third oil circuit connected to the flow valve (52); the first pressure sensor (141) monitors the outlet pressure of the tested pump (17) and converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal to facilitate recording and analyzing pressure data; the fifth pressure gauge (65) intuitively displays the outlet pressure of the tested pump (17) and is used to observe the pressure situation on site and assist the test process; an eighth stop valve (38) is arranged on the branch circuit connected to the first pressure sensor (141); and a seventh stop valve (37) is arranged on the branch circuit connected to the fifth pressure gauge (65). The outlet of the oil tank (19) is connected to a third filter (23). After the outlet of the third filter (23) is connected in parallel with the outlet of the first flow sensor (131), the outlet flow of the test pump (17) is detected, and then the sixth stop valve (36) is connected in series and connected to the public oil circuit d; the inlet of the test pump (17) is connected to the oil tank (19) after being connected in series with the fifth filter (25); the oil tank (19) is connected to a fifth one-way valve (75), and the fifth one-way valve (75) is connected to the pipeline between the second flow sensor (132) and the ninth stop valve (39).

2. A comprehensive test bench for detecting the performance of hydraulic components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proportional valve-controlled cylinder test unit comprises a first valve plate (241) and a first tested cylinder (221); the oil ports P, T, X, and Y of the first valve plate (241) are respectively connected to corresponding public oil circuits a, d, b, and c; a second displacement sensor (232) is provided on the first valve plate (241) for measuring valve core displacement; a fourth pressure sensor (144) and a fifth pressure sensor (145) are respectively provided on the oil ports P and T of the first valve plate (241) to measure valve P and T oil port pressures respectively; a tenth cut-off pressure sensor is provided on the oil inlet pipeline of the oil port P of the first valve plate (241) valve (310); a first displacement sensor (231) is provided on the first tested cylinder (221) to measure cylinder displacement; the two chambers of the first tested cylinder (221) are respectively connected to oil ports A and B of the first valve plate (241) through an eleventh stop valve (311) and a twelfth stop valve (312); a second pressure sensor (142) is provided on the connecting pipeline between the first tested cylinder (221) and the eleventh stop valve (311); and a third pressure sensor (143) is provided on the connecting pipeline between the first tested cylinder (221) and the twelfth stop valve (312) to measure the pressure of the two chambers of the cylinder.

3. A comprehensive test bench for detecting the performance of hydraulic components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinder test unit comprises a second tested cylinder (222) and a second electromagnetic reversing valve (112); oil ports P and T of the second electromagnetic reversing valve (112) are respectively connected to corresponding public oil circuits a and d; a seventeenth stop valve (317) and a first pressure reducing valve (271) are also provided on the oil circuit in which the public oil circuit a is connected to the oil port P of the second electromagnetic reversing valve (112); a third overflow valve (93) is also provided on the oil circuit in which the public oil circuit d is connected to the oil port T of the second electromagnetic reversing valve (112); the first pressure reducing valve (271) and the third overflow valve (93) respectively adjust the inlet and outlet pressures; an oil port A of the second electromagnetic reversing valve (112) is connected in series with a third one-way throttle valve (123) and then connected to one cavity of the second tested cylinder (222); an oil port B of the second electromagnetic reversing valve (112) is connected in series with a fourth one-way throttle valve (124) and then connected to another cavity of the second tested cylinder (222); A sixth pressure sensor (146) is also provided on the oil circuit connecting the throttle valve (123) and the second test cylinder (222); a thirteenth stop valve (313) is provided on the branch circuit connecting the sixth pressure sensor (146); a seventh pressure sensor (147) is also provided on the oil circuit connecting the fourth one-way throttle valve (124) and the second test cylinder (222); a fourteenth stop valve (314) is provided on the branch circuit connecting the seventh pressure sensor (147); the two chambers of the second test cylinder (222) are connected via a fifteenth stop valve (315) and a sixteenth stop valve (316); a third flow sensor (133) is provided between the fifteenth stop valve (315) and the sixteenth stop valve (316); the third flow sensor (133) can be used to measure the internal leakage at the two end positions of the test cylinder; and the cylinder body of the second test cylinder (222) is provided with a third displacement sensor (233).

4. A comprehensive test bench for testing the performance of hydraulic components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic motor test unit comprises a tested motor (250) and a third electromagnetic reversing valve (113); oil ports P and T of the third electromagnetic reversing valve (113) are respectively connected to corresponding public oil circuits a and d; an eighteenth stop valve (318) and a second pressure reducing valve (272) are also provided on the oil circuit connecting the public oil circuit a and the oil port P of the third electromagnetic reversing valve (113); a fourth overflow valve (94) is also provided on the oil circuit connecting the public oil circuit d and the oil port T of the third electromagnetic reversing valve (113); the second pressure reducing valve (272) and the fourth overflow valve (94) adjust the inlet and outlet pressures of the motor; the oil port A of the third electromagnetic reversing valve (113) is connected in series with a fifth one-way throttle valve (125) and then connected to a chamber of the tested motor (250); the third electromagnetic reversing valve The oil port B of (113) is connected in series with the sixth one-way throttle valve (126) and then connected to another chamber of the test motor (250). The oil circuit connecting the fifth one-way throttle valve (125) and the test motor (250) is also provided with an eighth pressure sensor (148), and the branch connected to the eighth pressure sensor (148) is provided with a nineteenth stop valve (319). The oil circuit connecting the sixth one-way throttle valve (126) and the test motor (250) is also provided with a ninth pressure sensor (149), and the branch connected to the ninth pressure sensor (149) is provided with a twentieth stop valve (320). The oil return port of the test motor (250) is connected in series with the fourth flow sensor (134) and then connected to the common oil circuit d, and the fourth flow sensor (134) is used to measure the internal leakage.

5. A comprehensive test bench for testing the performance of hydraulic components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The servo valve test unit comprises a second valve plate (242) and a fourth electromagnetic reversing valve (114); the oil ports A, P, B and T of the second valve plate (242) are respectively provided with a tenth pressure sensor (1410), an eleventh pressure sensor (1411), a twelfth pressure sensor (1412) and a thirteenth pressure sensor (1413); a twenty-first stop valve (321) is provided on a pipeline connecting the oil port A of the second valve plate (242) and the tenth pressure sensor (1410); a twenty-second stop valve (321) is provided on a pipeline connecting the oil port P of the second valve plate (242) and the eleventh pressure sensor (1411); A twenty-third stop valve (323) is provided on the pipeline connecting the oil port B of the second valve plate (242) and the twelfth pressure sensor (1412), a twenty-fourth stop valve (324) is provided on the pipeline connecting the oil port T of the second valve plate (242) and the thirteenth pressure sensor (1413), the oil port P of the second valve plate (242) is connected to the first solenoid valve (261), the sixth filter (26), the sixth non-return valve (76) and the twenty-fifth stop valve (325) in sequence, and then connected to the common oil circuit a, and a third solenoid valve is provided on the oil circuit between the oil ports A and B of the second valve plate (242) (263), a fifth flow sensor (135) and a fifth solenoid valve (265), the fifth flow sensor (135) measures various test flows, each pressure sensor tests the pressure of four oil ports of the test valve, the oil port T of the second valve plate (242) is connected to the oil port P of the fourth solenoid reversing valve (114), the oil port T of the fourth solenoid reversing valve (114) is connected to the second solenoid valve (262), the second solenoid valve (262) is connected to the pipeline between the first solenoid valve (261) and the sixth filter (26), the oil port T of the fourth solenoid reversing valve (114) is connected to the public oil circuit d, the fourth solenoid reversing valve (114) is connected to the public oil circuit d, The oil port B of the fourth solenoid valve (114) is connected to the pipeline between the third solenoid valve (263) and the fifth flow sensor (135), the oil port A of the fourth solenoid reversing valve (114) is connected to the oil port T of the fourth solenoid reversing valve (114), the oil port A of the fourth solenoid reversing valve (114) is connected to the fourth solenoid valve (264), the fourth solenoid valve (264) is connected to the pipeline between the fifth flow sensor (135) and the fifth solenoid valve (265), the common oil circuit d is connected to the first pressure reducing valve (271), and the first pressure reducing valve (271) is arranged between the sixth one-way valve (76) and the twenty-fifth stop valve (325).

6. A comprehensive test bench for testing the performance of hydraulic components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary unit of the hydraulic station comprises a second metering pump (102), the outlet of the second metering pump (102) being connected to a sixth filter (26) and a cooler (20) in sequence, and then connected to an oil tank (19), and the inlet of the second metering pump (102) being connected to the oil tank (19), playing the role of filtering system oil and regulating system temperature.

7. A comprehensive test bench for testing the performance of hydraulic components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil tank (19) is provided with a liquid level meter (15), a thermometer (16) and an air filter (201).

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