Boiler water wall tube stack

Abstract

The invention discloses a boiler water wall tube stack, and relates to the technical field of boiler equipment, the boiler water wall tube stack comprises a plurality of circulating tubes, the plurality of circulating tubes are vertically arranged, the adjacent circulating tubes are welded through flat steel, the bottoms of the plurality of circulating tubes are provided with convection parts, the tops of the plurality of circulating tubes are provided with bending parts, and the bending parts are connected with the circulating tubes. A through groove is formed in the middle of the tube panel formed by the plurality of circulating tubes, and the same positions of the plurality of circulating tubes jointly form an air guide angle. By means of the air guide angles and the fins, the combustion direction of media on the fire grate at the bottom of the boiler can be dredged, high-temperature airflow generated by combustion ascends to drive air around a hearth to flow, under blocking of the fixing plate, smoke is guided to flow to the center of the inner side of the hearth, fuel is further combusted, the surface flow field of the water cooling wall above is optimized, and the combustion efficiency is improved. The washing to the side wall of the pipeline above is reduced, the abrasion to the water cooling wall is reduced, and the water cooling wall is well protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of boiler equipment, and in particular to a boiler water-cooled wall tube group. Background Art

[0002] The boiler water-cooled wall is an evaporation heating surface laid on the inner wall of the boiler furnace and composed of many parallel tubes. It has flowing water or steam inside and is in direct contact with the flame and high-temperature flue gas outside. It receives the heat from the flame of the boiler furnace, absorbs the radiant heat of the high-temperature combustion products in the furnace, generates steam or hot water in the tube, reduces the furnace wall temperature and protects the furnace wall. In large-capacity boilers, the flame temperature in the furnace is very high and the intensity of thermal radiation is very high. 40-50% or even more of the heat in the boiler is absorbed by the water-cooled wall, so that the furnace wall will not be damaged by high temperature. Reasonable arrangement of water-cooled walls can make the temperature field in the furnace more uniform. Except for a few small-capacity boilers, modern water-tube boilers all use water-cooled walls as the main evaporation heating surface in the boiler.

[0003] After the water-cooled wall is laid out and put into use, in a coal-fired boiler, the incompletely burned coal powder particles or fly ash will erode the surface of the water-cooled wall under the drive of high-speed airflow, causing the thickness of the outer wall of the pipeline to gradually decrease, and it is easy to cause perforation and steam-water leakage. In addition, due to the violent gas-solid flow in the furnace, the solid particles will be adsorbed on the water-cooled wall due to the viscous force and flow downward along the tube wall. As the particle concentration increases, the high-speed wall-adhering downward flow will increase the speed of pipeline wear, causing safety hazards and affecting the safe and stable operation of the boiler. In view of this, the present application proposes a boiler water-cooled wall tube group. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a boiler water-cooled wall tube group.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A boiler water-cooled wall tube group, comprising a plurality of circulation tubes, the plurality of circulation tubes are vertically arranged, and adjacent circulation tubes are connected by flat steel welding, the bottoms of the plurality of circulation tubes are provided with convection parts, the tops of the plurality of circulation tubes are provided with bending parts, and the middle of the tube panel composed of the plurality of circulation tubes is provided with a through groove;

[0007] The same positions of the multiple circulation pipes together form an air guide angle, and the inclination angle below the air guide angle relative to the tube screen is smaller than the inclination angle above the air guide angle. A guide component for guiding airflow is installed on the air guide angle, and an anti-wear component is arranged above the guide component.

[0008] Preferably, the convection parts below the multiple circulation pipes are connected together and provided with a lower header;

[0009] The bent parts above the multiple circulation pipes are respectively connected to upper connecting boxes through connecting pipes. The side of the upper connecting box away from the circulation pipe is connected to an exhaust pipe, which drives cold water to flow in the circulation pipe, absorbs the radiation heat from the furnace, and completes the evaporation and vaporization process of water, thereby protecting the furnace wall.

[0010] Preferably, the through groove is opened on the flat steel between the circulation pipes, and the circulation pipes on both sides of the through groove extend in an arc shape toward one side of the tube panel, and are sealed and connected to the external pipeline through the through groove. The circulation pipes arranged in an arc shape on both sides avoid obstruction to the pipeline.

[0011] Preferably, the guide assembly includes a plurality of fins, a fixing plate is welded between adjacent fins, and the side walls of the fixing plate are fixedly connected to the flat steel at the corresponding position, the fins and the bottom of the fixing plate together form a plane and are located at the bending part of the wind guide angle, and the vertical portion arranged on one side of the fin cooperates with the surface of the tube panel at the wind guide angle to guide the airflow, so that the rising airflow converges to the center of the furnace.

[0012] Preferably, the multiple fins are respectively arranged on the flat steel between adjacent circulation tubes, and the width of the multiple fins is smaller than the spacing between the adjacent circulation tubes. An expansion hole is provided between the fixed plate and the circulation tube at the corresponding position, which can conduct heat to the two adjacent circulation tubes, evenly adjust the heat absorption of the circulation tubes in different areas, reduce the thermal deviation caused by the slow heating at the bottom edge of the boiler, release the thermal stress between the circulation tubes through the expansion hole, avoid cracks in the edge pipelines, and provide reliable guarantee for the safe operation of the boiler.

[0013] Preferably, a vertical portion is provided on the side wall of the fin away from the circulation pipe, the top of the vertical portion is connected to an arc-shaped portion, and the upper end of the arc-shaped portion extends to the flat steel at the corresponding position. After the gas flows to the top of the guide assembly, it will diffuse to the surroundings, and cooperate with the inclination of the arc-shaped portion and the upper half of the wind guide angle to optimize the flow field on the surface of the circulation pipe and the flat steel, so that the circulation pipe can absorb the heat radiated from the furnace.

[0014] Preferably, the anti-wear component includes a bonding plate, one side of the bonding plate is fixedly connected to the circulation pipe and the flat steel, and the other side of the bonding plate is fixedly connected to a windproof plate. One side of the bonding plate is designed according to the positions of the circulation pipe and the flat steel to ensure that the bonding plate and the water-cooled wall are tightly welded together, thereby separating the water-cooled wall, limiting the flow range of the wall-attached descending flow, and at the same time reducing the number of solid particles stickily attached to the side wall of the water-cooled wall area after separation, thereby reducing the aggravated wear caused by the increase in the descent speed.

[0015] Preferably, the bonding plate is tilted, and a plurality of dredging grooves are provided on the bonding plate. The plurality of dredging grooves are arranged equidistantly and correspond to the positions of the flat steels between adjacent circulation pipes. The end of the bonding plate away from the circulation pipe is lifted upward, so that a certain angle is formed between the upper surface of the bonding plate and the water-cooled wall. With the shielding of the windproof plate, the collected smoke and dust particles can be restricted, and the solid particles driven by the high-temperature gas flow to re-enter the internal circulation of the furnace can be avoided, thereby effectively reducing the erosion and wear of the water-cooled wall.

[0016] The diameters of the bottoms of the multiple dredging grooves are all larger than the diameters of the tops. Together with the air flow below, the solid particles are pushed to the sides of the dredging grooves, so that part of the airflow passes through and flows upward, thereby reducing the impact of the wall-attached downflow on the bonding board and increasing the service life of the bonding board.

[0017] Preferably, the wind shield is vertically arranged, and a plurality of contoured grooves are provided on the top of the wind shield, and the positions of the plurality of contoured grooves correspond to the positions of the circulation pipes, respectively, so that the gas flow can be optimized according to the position of the circulation pipe, and the diffused gas is conducive to the water-cooled wall absorbing the radiated heat.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. Compared with the prior art, the present invention solves the problem of solid particle erosion of the water-cooled wall during boiler operation. By setting the wind guide angle and multiple fins, the combustion direction of the medium on the bottom grate of the boiler can be guided. The high-temperature airflow generated by the combustion rises to drive the air flow around the furnace, and under the obstruction of the fixed plate, the flue gas is guided to the inner center of the furnace to further burn the fuel, and the flow field on the surface of the upper water-cooled wall is optimized, the erosion of the upper pipeline side wall is reduced, the wear of the water-cooled wall is reduced, and the water-cooled wall is better protected.

[0020] 2. Compared with the prior art, the present invention also solves the problem of wear of the outer wall of the pipeline by the covering wall-adhering downflow. By setting the bonding plate, the tube screen is segmented and blocked, the flow path of the downflow is shortened, the formation of high-speed wall-adhering flow is blocked, and the concentration of solid particles carried in the fluid is reduced, thereby reducing the wear on the outer wall of the pipeline. The windproof plate limits the smoke ash above the bonding plate to prevent the downflow from being driven by the high-temperature gas flow and being blown into the furnace again, thereby effectively blocking the diffusion of smoke ash, ensuring the stability of the downflow, and providing more reliable protection for the outer wall of the pipeline. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a rear view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom view of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide component in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-wear component in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the windproof plate in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0028] In the figure: 1. circulation pipe; 11. convection part; 12. bending part; 13. through groove; 14. wind guide angle; 2. lower header; 3. upper header; 31. connecting pipe; 32. exhaust pipe; 4. guide assembly; 41. fin; 411. vertical part; 412. arc part; 42. fixing plate; 5. anti-wear assembly; 51. bonding plate; 52. windproof plate; 53. dredging groove; 54. contoured groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0030] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2A boiler water-cooled wall tube group includes a plurality of circulation tubes 1, which are all arranged vertically, and adjacent circulation tubes 1 are connected by flat steel welding, a convection portion 11 is arranged at the bottom of the plurality of circulation tubes 1, and the convection portion 11 is arranged below the grate at the bottom of the furnace, a bending portion 12 is arranged at the top of the plurality of circulation tubes 1, and the bending portion 12 extends to the flue gas outlet of the furnace to guide the flue gas to be discharged to the separator for subsequent treatment, a through groove 13 is opened in the middle of the tube panel composed of the plurality of circulation tubes 1, and the through groove 13 is opened on the flat steel between the circulation tubes 1, and the circulation tubes 1 on both sides of the through groove 13 extend to one side of the tube panel in an arc shape, and are sealed and connected to the external pipeline through the through groove 13, and the two sides The arc-shaped circulation pipes 1 avoid obstruction to the pipelines. The convection parts 11 below the multiple circulation pipes 1 are connected together with a lower header 2. The lower header 2 is connected to the steam drum at the top of the boiler through a downcomer to form a loop. Natural circulation is carried out by the density difference between the two and the pressure head of the steam drum to gather the steam-water mixture. The bending parts 12 above the multiple circulation pipes 1 are connected to the upper header 3 through connecting pipes 31 respectively. The side of the upper header 3 away from the circulation pipe 1 is connected with an exhaust pipe 32 for distributing steam and water. At the same time, it can also play a role in sludge separation, drive cold water to flow in the circulation pipe 1, absorb the radiation heat of the furnace, complete the evaporation and vaporization process of water, thereby protecting the furnace wall.

[0032] Reference Figure 3 The same positions of multiple circulation tubes 1 together constitute an air guide angle 14, and the inclination angle of the lower side of the air guide angle 14 relative to the tube screen is smaller than the inclination angle of the upper side of the air guide angle 14. It should be noted that the air guide angle 14 is arranged above the grate and distributed around the medium combustion area. During the operation of the boiler, the high-temperature airflow gradually rises. Relying on the inclination angle of the air guide angle 14, it can guide the gas around the bottom of the furnace, drive the gas flow in the corners of the furnace and irregular areas, adjust the flame rising speed and the linear speed of the outer flame surface, and effectively maintain the balance of the flame base, so that the temperature field in the furnace is more uniform, which is conducive to the full combustion of coal. Furthermore, the air guide angle 14 extends into the interior of the furnace. Compared with the tube screen composed of multiple circulation tubes 1 and flat steel, the relative position of the circulation tube 1 is closer to the flame combustion area, which is conducive to heat transfer and improves energy utilization.

[0033] Reference Figure 4A guide assembly 4 for guiding airflow is installed on the guide angle 14. The guide assembly 4 includes a plurality of fins 41. A fixing plate 42 is welded between adjacent fins 41. The side wall of the fixing plate 42 is fixedly connected to the flat steel at the corresponding position. A vertical portion 411 is provided on the side wall of the fin 41 away from the circulation pipe 1. The top of the vertical portion 411 is connected to an arc portion 412. The upper end of the arc portion 412 extends to the flat steel at the corresponding position. It should be noted that the fin 41 and the bottom of the fixing plate 42 together form a plane and At the bend of the wind guide angle 14, the vertical portion 411 arranged on one side of the fin 41 cooperates with the surface of the tube panel at the wind guide angle 14 to guide the airflow, so that the rising airflow converges to the center of the furnace. Since the guide component 4 extends toward the inside of the furnace relative to the tube panel, it will limit the flow path of part of the gas. Therefore, after the gas flows to the top of the guide component 4, it will diffuse to the surroundings. In conjunction with the guidance of the arc-shaped portion 412 and the inclination angle of the upper half of the wind guide angle 14, the flow field on the surface of the circulation pipe 1 and the flat steel is optimized, which is convenient for the circulation pipe 1 to absorb the heat radiated from the furnace.

[0034] Specifically, multiple fins 41 are respectively arranged on the flat steel between adjacent circulation tubes 1, and the width of the multiple fins 41 is smaller than the spacing between adjacent circulation tubes 1. An expansion hole is provided between the fixed plate 42 and the circulation tube 1 at the corresponding position. Furthermore, the fin 41 is located between two adjacent circulation tubes 1 and is connected through the fixed plate 42 at the bottom, so that the multiple fins 41 form a whole, thereby improving the connection strength between the circulation tube 1 and the flat steel, being able to conduct heat to the two adjacent circulation tubes 1, evenly adjusting the heat absorption of the circulation tubes 1 in different areas, reducing the thermal deviation caused by the slow heating at the bottom edge of the boiler, releasing the thermal stress between the circulation tubes 1 through the expansion hole, avoiding cracks in the edge pipeline, and providing reliable guarantee for the safe operation of the boiler.

[0035] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 , an anti-wear component 5 is arranged above the guide component 4, and the anti-wear component 5 includes a bonding plate 51, one side of the bonding plate 51 is fixedly connected to the circulation pipe 1 and the flat steel, and the other side of the bonding plate 51 is fixedly connected to a windproof plate 52, refer to Figure 7The bonding plate 51 is tilted, and a plurality of dredging grooves 53 are provided on the bonding plate 51. The plurality of dredging grooves 53 are arranged equidistantly and correspond to the positions of the flat steels between adjacent circulation pipes 1. The diameters of the bottoms of the plurality of dredging grooves 53 are greater than the diameters of the tops. The wind shield 52 is vertically arranged, and a plurality of profiling grooves 54 are provided on the top of the wind shield 52. The positions of the plurality of profiling grooves 54 correspond to the positions of the circulation pipes 1. It should be noted that one side of the bonding plate 51 is designed according to the positions of the circulation pipes 1 and the flat steels to ensure that the bonding plate 51 is tightly welded to the water-cooled wall, thereby separating the water-cooled wall, limiting the flow path of the wall-attached downflow, and reducing the number of solid particles sticking to the side walls of the separated water-cooled wall area, thereby reducing the aggravated wear caused by the increase in the descending speed. Furthermore, one end of the bonding plate 51 away from the circulation pipe 1 is lifted upward, so that a certain angle is formed between the upper surface of the bonding plate 51 and the water-cooled wall. With the shielding of the wind shield 52, the collected smoke particles can be The particles play a limiting role, avoiding the solid particles from being driven by the high-temperature gas flow to re-enter the internal circulation of the furnace, effectively reducing the erosion and wear of the water-cooled wall. Furthermore, the smoke particles gather and accumulate on the top of the bonding plate 51. Since the upper end opening of the dredging groove 53 is small, the particles are prevented from falling from the dredging groove 53. In conjunction with the air flow below, the solid particles will be pushed to the two sides of the dredging groove 53. Since the thermal conductivity of the solid particles themselves is small, a simple protective barrier can be provided at the welding point between the bonding plate 51 and the water-cooled wall to avoid local overheating at the welding point and reduce the deformation of the bonding plate 51. At the same time, part of the airflow passes through and flows upward to weaken the impact of the wall-attached downflow on the bonding plate 51 and increase the service life of the bonding plate 51. In addition, the lower surface of the bonding plate 51 can also guide the rising airflow, and cooperate with the contoured groove 54 opened on the top of the windproof plate 52 to optimize the gas flow according to the position of the circulation pipe 1. The diffused gas is beneficial to the water-cooled wall to absorb the radiated heat.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A boiler water-cooled wall tube group, comprising a plurality of circulation tubes (1), characterized in that: The plurality of circulation pipes (1) are all arranged vertically, and adjacent circulation pipes (1) are connected by flat steel welding, a convection portion (11) is arranged at the bottom of the plurality of circulation pipes (1), a bending portion (12) is arranged at the top of the plurality of circulation pipes (1), and a through groove (13) is opened in the middle of the tube panel composed of the plurality of circulation pipes (1); The same positions of the plurality of circulation pipes (1) together form an air guide angle (14), and the inclination angle below the air guide angle (14) relative to the tube panel is smaller than the inclination angle above the air guide angle (14). A guide component (4) for guiding airflow is installed on the air guide angle (14), and an anti-wear component (5) is arranged above the guide component (4).

2. A boiler water-cooled wall tube group according to claim 1, characterized in that: The convection parts (11) below the multiple circulation pipes (1) are connected together and are provided with a lower header (2); The bent portions (12) above the plurality of circulation pipes (1) are connected to an upper header (3) via connecting pipes (31), and a side of the upper header (3) away from the circulation pipe (1) is connected to an exhaust pipe (32).

3. The boiler water-cooled wall tube group according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through groove (13) is formed on the flat steel between the circulation pipes (1), and the circulation pipes (1) on both sides of the through groove (13) extend in an arc shape toward one side of the tube panel.

4. A boiler water-cooled wall tube group according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide assembly (4) comprises a plurality of fins (41), a fixing plate (42) is welded between adjacent fins (41), and a side wall of the fixing plate (42) is fixedly connected to a flat steel at a corresponding position.

5. A boiler water-cooled wall tube group according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plurality of fins (41) are respectively arranged on the flat steel between adjacent circulation tubes (1), and the width of the plurality of fins (41) is smaller than the spacing between adjacent circulation tubes (1), and an expansion hole is arranged between the fixing plate (42) and the circulation tube (1) at a corresponding position.

6. A boiler water-cooled wall tube group according to claim 4, characterized in that: A vertical portion (411) is provided on a side wall of the fin (41) away from the circulation pipe (1), the top of the vertical portion (411) is connected to an arc-shaped portion (412), and the upper end of the arc-shaped portion (412) extends to a flat steel at a corresponding position.

7. The boiler water-cooled wall tube group according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-wear component (5) comprises a bonding plate (51), one side of the bonding plate (51) is fixedly connected to the circulation pipe (1) and the flat steel, and the other side of the bonding plate (51) is fixedly connected to a windproof plate (52).

8. The boiler water-cooled wall tube group according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laminating plate (51) is arranged at an angle, and a plurality of dredging grooves (53) are provided on the laminating plate (51), wherein the plurality of dredging grooves (53) are arranged at equal distances and correspond to the positions of the flat steels between adjacent circulation pipes (1); The diameters of the bottoms of the plurality of dredging grooves (53) are all larger than the diameters of the tops.

9. The boiler water wall tube group according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wind shield (52) is arranged vertically, and a plurality of contoured grooves (54) are provided on the top of the wind shield (52), and the positions of the plurality of contoured grooves (54) respectively correspond to the positions of the circulation pipe (1).

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