Urban green land ecological benefit assessment method and system

Abstract

The invention provides an urban green land ecological benefit assessment method and system, and belongs to the technical field of ecological environment. The urban green land ecological benefit assessment method comprises the following steps: determining an establishment principle of an assessment system, and measuring and improving the value of an urban green land by taking scientificity, comprehensiveness and operability as references; determining a green land ecological benefit evaluation target, determining a purpose and an application range of an evaluation system, and determining corresponding evaluation key points and indexes according to different evaluation targets; determining green land ecological benefit evaluation content, defining an evaluation range and content, and determining the purpose and application range of an evaluation system. According to the method, the purpose and the application range of the evaluation system can be determined by determining the green land ecological benefit evaluation target, corresponding evaluation key points and indexes are determined according to different evaluation targets, the evaluation pertinence is improved, the problem is accurately focused, resource allocation is optimized, and the evaluation efficiency is improved. The explicit assessment goals may help determine which aspects require more resource investment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ecological environment, and in particular to an urban green space ecological benefit assessment method and system. Background Art

[0002] Urban green space ecological benefit assessment is a process of quantitative and qualitative analysis and evaluation of the positive impact of urban green space on ecosystem services. By evaluating the ecological benefits of urban green space, the reasonable layout and scale of green space in the city can be determined. For example, understanding the role of green space in different regions in air purification and climate regulation will help to reasonably allocate green space resources in urban planning, ensure the balance and stability of the urban ecosystem, and provide decision-making support for urban builders so that they can fully consider the ecological value of green space when planning new residential areas, commercial areas or industrial areas, and achieve sustainable development of the city.

[0003] However, in the process of implementing the technical solution of the invention in the embodiments of the present application, it was found that the above technology has at least the following technical problems: the various processes of urban green space ecological benefit evaluation are relatively scattered, and the coordination between the various modules of the corresponding evaluation system needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to make up for the above deficiencies, the present invention provides an urban green space ecological benefit evaluation method and system that overcomes the above technical problems or at least partially solves the above problems.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] Urban green space ecological benefit assessment method and system, including:

[0007] Determine the principles for establishing an evaluation system, and use scientificity, comprehensiveness, and operability as the benchmarks to measure and enhance the value of urban green spaces;

[0008] Clarify the evaluation objectives of green space ecological benefits, clarify the purpose and application scope of the evaluation system, and determine the corresponding evaluation focus and indicators according to different evaluation objectives;

[0009] Determine the content of green space ecological benefit assessment, define the scope and content of the assessment, and clarify the purpose and scope of application of the assessment system;

[0010] Establish green space ecological benefit evaluation indicators, and formulate corresponding evaluation indicators and grade classification for each indicator; the evaluation indicators can refer to relevant national and local indicators, industry standards and advanced domestic and foreign experience;

[0011] Establish an evaluation index system for the ecological benefits of green space, combine relevant literature research and field research, and select indicators that can reflect the ecological benefits of green space;

[0012] Determine the evaluation method of green space ecological benefit evaluation indicators, and use the evaluation method to scientifically process and analyze specific data to obtain preliminary analysis and preliminary result verification;

[0013] Collect data according to the evaluation index system, use scientific methods to collect the required data, classify and organize the collected data according to the evaluation index system, ensure that the data corresponding to each indicator is accurately placed in the corresponding position, verify the collected data, and check the rationality and consistency of the data;

[0014] Comprehensive evaluation and result analysis: Based on indicator weights and evaluation indicators, a comprehensive evaluation of the ecological benefits of green spaces is conducted.

[0015] By clarifying the evaluation objectives of green space ecological benefits, we can clarify the purpose and scope of application of the evaluation system. According to different evaluation objectives, we can determine the corresponding evaluation priorities and indicators, improve the targeted nature of the evaluation, accurately focus on problems, and optimize resource allocation. Clear evaluation objectives can help determine which areas require more resource investment, while enhancing the scientific nature of the evaluation and rationally selecting indicators. Different evaluation objectives require different evaluation indicators to measure. After clarifying the objectives, we can select the indicators that best reflect the ecological benefits of green spaces based on the characteristics and needs of the objectives. Combined with other categories of this method, we can package the efficient process of green space ecological benefit evaluation, design scientifically and rationally, and greatly improve the efficiency of ecological benefit evaluation.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the principles for establishing the evaluation system include comprehensiveness, hierarchy, and operability. The comprehensiveness requires that a system with single indicators as the starting components can comprehensively reflect the ecological benefits of urban green spaces. The hierarchy requires that the evaluation index system needs to be graded in accordance with the complex characteristics of the ecological benefit mechanism.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the clear green space ecological benefit assessment target includes determining comprehensive ecological benefit indicators, the comprehensive ecological benefit indicators include green space structure indicators and green space function indicators, the green space structure indicators include type richness, green space greenness and distribution uniformity, the green space function indicators include environmental benefits and climate zone benefits, the environmental benefits include the amount of fixed carbon dioxide and released oxygen, the amount of heat absorbed by transpiration of urban green spaces, the amount of sulfur dioxide absorbed by urban green spaces, the amount of dust trapped in urban green spaces, the amount of noise reduction in urban green spaces, and the amount of water and soil conservation in urban green spaces, and the climate zone benefits include cooling and warming benefits and atmospheric circulation benefits.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the specific contents of the green space ecological benefit assessment include microclimate regulation, atmospheric environment improvement, and landscape ecological benefits. The factor layers of microclimate regulation include humidity regulation, temperature regulation, airflow influence, windbreak and sand fixation, oxygen-containing water sources, and soil conservation. The factor layers of atmospheric environment improvement include oxygen production, dust retention, carbon dioxide absorption, and noise reduction. The factor layers of landscape ecological benefits include improving ecological functions, strengthening ecological functions, increasing edge effects, and protecting biodiversity and biodiversity protection benefits.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the establishment of green space ecological benefit evaluation indicators includes ecological function indicators, and the ecological function indicators include climate regulation indicators, air purification indicators, soil and water conservation indicators and biodiversity protection indicators. The climate regulation indicators include temperature regulation indicators and humidity regulation indicators. The temperature regulation index measures the ecological benefit by comparing the transpiration absorption of urban green space areas and surrounding non-green space areas. The humidity regulation index measures the ecological benefit by comparing the relative humidity of the air between green space and the surrounding area. The air purification index is measured by the urban green space fixing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen, absorbing sulfur dioxide and trapping dust. The soil and water conservation index is measured by the amount of soil and water maintained by the urban green space.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the establishment of an evaluation index system for the ecological benefits of green spaces includes: determination of the amount of fixed carbon dioxide and released oxygen, determination of the amount of heat absorbed by transpiration of urban green spaces, determination of the amount of sulfur dioxide absorbed by urban green spaces, determination of the amount of dust trapped by urban green spaces, determination of the amount of noise reduction by urban green spaces, and determination of the amount of water and soil conserved by urban green spaces.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the evaluation method for determining the green space ecological benefit evaluation index includes the market value method, the replacement cost method, the ecological benefit conversion method and the ecological footprint method. The market value method quantitatively evaluates the ecological benefits of urban green space through the digital transaction data of the market. The replacement cost method evaluates the ecological value of urban green space by comparing the original ecological benefits of urban green space with the cost difference between other alternative means. The ecological benefit conversion method evaluates the ecological value of green space by comparing the ecological benefits brought by urban green space and converting them into economic benefits. The ecological footprint method evaluates the ecological benefits of urban green space by measuring the contribution of green space in different areas of the city to the ecosystem.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the data collected according to the evaluation index system include the amount of fixed carbon dioxide and released oxygen, the amount of heat absorbed by transpiration of urban green spaces, the amount of sulfur dioxide absorbed by urban green spaces, the amount of dust trapped by urban green spaces, the amount of noise reduction by urban green spaces, and the amount of water and soil conservation by urban green spaces.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the comprehensive evaluation and result analysis include data collation and preprocessing, data result derivation, comprehensive evaluation calculation and result analysis. The data collation and preprocessing utilizes data inspection and data indexing to scientifically and rationally process the data collected for the green space ecological benefit assessment target and perform the same indexing on the data. The data result derivation utilizes the evaluation method of the green space ecological benefit assessment index to derive the data structure. The comprehensive evaluation calculation includes index score calculation and comprehensive evaluation score calculation. The index score calculation utilizes the evaluation method of the green space ecological benefit assessment index to derive the evaluation index system data and calculate the digital results of various ecological benefits of urban green spaces. The comprehensive evaluation score calculation utilizes the digital results of various ecological benefits determined and establishes an evaluation index system for green space ecological benefits. The scores of various indicators are multiplied by the corresponding weights and then added to obtain a comprehensive evaluation score.

[0024] The urban green space ecological benefit assessment system is applicable to the above urban green space ecological benefit assessment method, including:

[0025] A data collection module, which includes a field monitoring submodule, a remote sensing data acquisition submodule, and a questionnaire survey submodule. The field monitoring submodule conducts field measurements on various ecological indicators of green spaces. The remote sensing data acquisition submodule uses remote sensing technology to obtain spatial information and macro-ecological characteristics of green spaces to obtain various ecological benefit assessment data of green spaces. The questionnaire survey submodule designs questionnaires for residents and users and collects their subjective feelings and needs for the ecological benefits of green spaces.

[0026] A data processing module, which includes a data cleaning submodule, a data analysis submodule, and a data visualization submodule. The data cleaning submodule removes abnormal values, erroneous data, and duplicate data from the collected data. The data analysis submodule uses statistical analysis methods and models to conduct in-depth analysis of the collected data. The data visualization submodule visualizes the analyzed data in the form of intuitive charts.

[0027] An indicator evaluation module, which includes an indicator calculation submodule and an indicator evaluation submodule. The indicator calculation submodule is used to calculate specific values ​​of various ecological benefit indicators according to the evaluation indicator system, and the indicator evaluation submodule evaluates various indicators against the evaluation standards to determine the scores of the indicators;

[0028] A comprehensive evaluation module, which includes a weight determination submodule and a comprehensive scoring submodule. The weight determination submodule uses methods such as hierarchical analysis and Delphi method to determine the weights of various indicators. The comprehensive scoring submodule calculates the comprehensive evaluation scores of various data of the green space according to the indicator weights and the scores of various indicators.

[0029] The result output module includes a report generation submodule and a visualization submodule. The report generation submodule organizes the evaluation results into a detailed evaluation report, and the report should include the basic situation of the green space, the evaluation method, the evaluation results of various indicators, the comprehensive evaluation score, the existing problems and suggested measures, etc. The visualization submodule visualizes the evaluation results in the form of charts, maps, multimedia, etc.

[0030] The urban green space ecological benefit evaluation method and system provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. By clarifying the evaluation objectives of green space ecological benefits, the purpose and application scope of the evaluation system can be clarified. According to different evaluation objectives, the corresponding evaluation focus and indicators can be determined to improve the pertinence of the evaluation, accurately focus on the problem, and optimize resource allocation. Clear evaluation objectives can help determine which aspects require more resource investment, while enhancing the scientific nature of the evaluation and reasonably selecting indicators. Different evaluation objectives require different evaluation indicators to measure. After clarifying the objectives, the indicators that best reflect the ecological benefits of green spaces can be selected according to the characteristics and needs of the objectives. Combined with other categories of this method, the efficient process of green space ecological benefit evaluation can be packaged, the design is scientific and reasonable, and the efficiency of ecological benefit evaluation is greatly improved.

[0032] 2. Collect data according to the evaluation index system, use scientific methods to collect the required data, classify and organize the collected data according to the evaluation index system, ensure that the data corresponding to each indicator is accurately placed in the corresponding position, verify the collected data, check the rationality and consistency of the data, and the evaluation index system provides a clear direction for data collection, so that the collector knows clearly what data is needed. This avoids blindly collecting data, saves time and energy, and efficient data collection and organization lays a good foundation for the subsequent links of the evaluation process. When the data is ready, the evaluator can quickly perform data analysis, indicator calculation, and comprehensive evaluation, thereby speeding up the entire evaluation process.

[0033] 3. Through the urban green space ecological benefit evaluation system, it is convenient to rationally distribute the methods used in the present invention. The scientific method is combined with the efficient system module to ensure the scientificity and rationality of the urban green space ecological benefit evaluation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the principles for establishing an evaluation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an evaluation target provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of evaluation content provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of evaluation indicators provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an indicator system provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the principles for establishing an evaluation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a specific evaluation method provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an evaluation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 1. Data collection module; 101. Field monitoring submodule; 102. Remote sensing data acquisition submodule; 103. Questionnaire survey submodule; 2. Data processing module; 201. Data cleaning submodule; 202. Data analysis submodule; 203. Data visualization submodule; 3. Index evaluation module; 301. Calculation submodule; 302. Index evaluation submodule; 4. Comprehensive evaluation module; 401. Weight determination submodule; 402. Comprehensive scoring submodule; 5. Result output module; 501. Report generation submodule; 502. Visual display submodule. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "top / bottom" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] Example

[0048] See also Figure 1-9 The present invention provides a technical solution: an urban green space ecological benefit evaluation method, the method comprising: determining the establishment principle of the evaluation system, taking scientificity, comprehensiveness and operability as the benchmark, measuring and improving the value of urban green space; clarifying the green space ecological benefit evaluation target, clarifying the purpose and application scope of the evaluation system, and determining the corresponding evaluation focus and indicators according to different evaluation targets; determining the green space ecological benefit evaluation content, defining the evaluation scope and content, and clarifying the purpose and application scope of the evaluation system; establishing green space ecological benefit evaluation indicators, and formulating corresponding evaluation indicators and grade divisions for each indicator; the evaluation indicators can refer to relevant national and local indicators, industry specifications and advanced domestic and foreign experience; establishing green space ecological benefit evaluation indicators. Establish an evaluation index system for the ecological benefits of green spaces, combine relevant literature research and field investigation, select indicators that can reflect the ecological benefits of green spaces; determine the evaluation method for the ecological benefits evaluation index of green spaces, use the evaluation method to scientifically process and analyze the specific data to obtain a preliminary analysis and preliminary result verification; collect data according to the evaluation index system, use scientific methods to collect the required data, classify and organize the collected data according to the evaluation index system, ensure that the data corresponding to each indicator is accurately placed in the corresponding position, verify the collected data, and check the rationality and consistency of the data; conduct comprehensive evaluation and result analysis, and conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the ecological benefits of green spaces based on the indicator weights and evaluation indicators.

[0049] See also Figure 1-9The principles for establishing the evaluation system include comprehensiveness, hierarchy, and operability. Comprehensiveness requires that the system be able to comprehensively reflect the ecological benefits of urban green spaces based on single indicators. Hierarchy requires that the evaluation indicator system be graded in accordance with the complex characteristics of the ecological benefit mechanism.

[0050] See also Figure 1-9 , clarifying the green space ecological benefit assessment objectives, including determining the comprehensive ecological benefit indicators. The comprehensive ecological benefit indicators include green space structure indicators and green space function indicators. Green space structure indicators include type richness, green space greenness and distribution uniformity. Green space function indicators include environmental benefits and climate zone benefits. Environmental benefits include the amount of carbon dioxide fixed and oxygen released, the amount of heat absorbed by urban green space transpiration, the amount of sulfur dioxide absorbed by urban green space, the amount of dust trapped by urban green space, the amount of noise reduction by urban green space, and the amount of water and soil conservation by urban green space. Climate zone benefits include cooling and warming benefits as well as atmospheric circulation benefits.

[0051] See also Figure 1-9 , determine the content of the green space ecological benefit assessment. The specific contents of the assessment include microclimate regulation, atmospheric environment improvement, and landscape ecological benefits. The factor layers of microclimate regulation include humidity regulation, temperature regulation, airflow influence, wind and sand fixation, oxygenated water sources, and soil conservation. The factor layers of atmospheric environment improvement include oxygen production, dust retention, carbon dioxide absorption, and noise reduction. The factor layers of landscape ecological benefits include improving ecological functions, strengthening ecological functions, increasing edge effects, and protecting biodiversity.

[0052] See also Figure 1-9 , establish green space ecological benefit evaluation indicators including ecological function indicators. Ecological function indicators include climate regulation indicators, air purification indicators, soil and water conservation indicators and biodiversity protection indicators. Climate regulation indicators include temperature regulation indicators and humidity regulation indicators. The temperature regulation indicator measures the ecological benefit by comparing the transpiration absorption of urban green space areas and surrounding non-green space areas. The humidity regulation indicator measures the ecological benefit by comparing the relative humidity of the air between green space and its surrounding areas. The air purification indicator is measured by the amount of carbon dioxide fixed and oxygen released by urban green space, the amount of sulfur dioxide absorbed and the amount of dust trapped. The soil and water conservation indicator is measured by the amount of soil and water maintained by urban green space.

[0053] See also Figure 1-9 , an evaluation index system for the ecological benefits of green spaces was established, including: determination of the amount of carbon dioxide fixed and oxygen released, determination of the amount of heat absorbed by transpiration of urban green spaces, determination of the amount of sulfur dioxide absorbed by urban green spaces, determination of the amount of dust trapped by urban green spaces, determination of the amount of noise reduction by urban green spaces, and determination of the amount of water and soil retained by urban green spaces.

[0054] See also Figure 1-9The evaluation methods for determining the evaluation indicators of green space ecological benefits include market value method, substitution cost method, ecological benefit conversion method and ecological footprint method. The market value method quantitatively evaluates the ecological benefits of urban green space through digital transaction data of the market. The substitution cost method evaluates the ecological value of urban green space by comparing the original ecological benefits of urban green space with the cost difference between other alternative means. The ecological benefit conversion method evaluates the ecological value of green space by comparing the ecological benefits brought by urban green space into economic benefits. The ecological footprint method evaluates the ecological benefits of urban green space by measuring the contribution of green space in different areas of the city to the ecosystem.

[0055] See also Figure 1-9 , data collection is carried out according to the evaluation index system. The data collected include the amount of fixed carbon dioxide and released oxygen, the amount of heat absorbed by transpiration of urban green spaces, the amount of sulfur dioxide absorbed by urban green spaces, the amount of dust trapped by urban green spaces, the amount of noise reduction by urban green spaces, and the amount of water and soil conserved by urban green spaces.

[0056] See also Figure 1-9 , comprehensive evaluation and result analysis include data collation and preprocessing, data result derivation, comprehensive evaluation calculation and result analysis. Data collation and preprocessing utilize data inspection and data indexation to scientifically and rationally process the data collected for the green space ecological benefit evaluation target and measure the data in the same indexation. The derivation of data results utilizes the evaluation method of green space ecological benefit evaluation index to derive the data structure. Comprehensive evaluation calculation includes index score calculation and comprehensive evaluation score calculation. Index score calculation utilizes the evaluation method of green space ecological benefit evaluation index to derive the evaluation index system data and calculate the digital results of various ecological benefits of urban green space. Comprehensive evaluation score calculation utilizes the digital results of various ecological benefits determined and establishes the green space ecological benefit evaluation index system. The scores of various indicators are multiplied by the corresponding weights and then added together to obtain the comprehensive evaluation score.

[0057] The urban green space ecological benefit assessment system is applicable to the above urban green space ecological benefit assessment method, including:

[0058] Data collection module 1, data collection module 1 includes field monitoring submodule 101, remote sensing data acquisition submodule 102, and questionnaire survey submodule 103. Field monitoring submodule 101 conducts field measurements on various ecological indicators of green space. Remote sensing data acquisition submodule 102 uses remote sensing technology to obtain spatial information and macro-ecological characteristics of green space to obtain various ecological benefit evaluation data of green space. Questionnaire survey submodule 103 designs questionnaires for residents and users and collects their subjective feelings and needs on the ecological benefits of green space.

[0059] Data processing module 2, data processing module 2 includes data cleaning submodule 201, data analysis submodule 202, and data visualization submodule 203. Data cleaning submodule 201 removes abnormal values, erroneous data, and duplicate data from the collected data. Data analysis submodule 202 uses statistical analysis methods and models to conduct in-depth analysis of the collected data. Data visualization submodule 203 visualizes the analyzed data in the form of intuitive charts.

[0060] Index evaluation module 3, the index evaluation module 3 includes an index calculation submodule 301 and an index evaluation submodule 302, the index calculation submodule 301 is used to calculate the specific values ​​of various ecological benefit indicators according to the evaluation index system, and the index evaluation submodule 302 evaluates various indicators against the evaluation standards to determine the scores of the indicators;

[0061] Comprehensive evaluation module 4, which includes a weight determination submodule 401 and a comprehensive scoring submodule 402. The weight determination submodule 401 uses methods such as hierarchical analysis and Delphi method to determine the weights of various indicators. The comprehensive scoring submodule 402 calculates the comprehensive evaluation scores of various data of the green space according to the indicator weights and the scores of various indicators.

[0062] Result output module 5, result output module 5 includes report generation submodule 501 and visualization submodule 502. Report generation submodule 501 organizes the evaluation results into a detailed evaluation report, and the report should include the basic situation of the green space, evaluation methods, evaluation results of various indicators, comprehensive evaluation scores, existing problems and suggested measures, etc. Visualization submodule 502 visualizes the evaluation results through charts, maps, multimedia and other forms.

[0063] Specifically, the working process or working principle of the urban green space ecological benefit evaluation method and system is as follows: First, determine the establishment principles of the evaluation system, and use scientificity, comprehensiveness and operability as the benchmark to measure and enhance the value of urban green space. Secondly, clarify the evaluation objectives of green space ecological benefits, clarify the purpose and application scope of the evaluation system, and determine the corresponding evaluation priorities and indicators according to different evaluation objectives. Thirdly, determine the content of green space ecological benefit evaluation, define the evaluation scope and content, and clarify the purpose and application scope of the evaluation system. Fourthly, establish green space ecological benefit evaluation indicators, and formulate corresponding evaluation indicators and grade divisions for each indicator. The evaluation indicators can refer to relevant national and local indicators, industry norms, and advanced domestic and foreign experience. Fourthly, establish The evaluation index system of green space ecological benefits, combined with relevant literature research and field investigation, selects indicators that can reflect the ecological benefits of green space. Fifth, determine the evaluation method of green space ecological benefit evaluation indicators, and use the evaluation method to scientifically process and analyze specific data to obtain preliminary analysis and preliminary result verification. Sixth, collect data according to the evaluation index system, use scientific methods to collect the required data, and classify and organize the collected data according to the evaluation index system to ensure that the data corresponding to each indicator is accurately placed in the corresponding position. Verify the collected data and check the rationality and consistency of the data. Seventh, comprehensive evaluation and result analysis, based on the indicator weights and evaluation indicators, conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the ecological benefits of green space.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The method for evaluating the ecological benefits of urban green space is characterized by: The method comprises: Determine the principles for establishing an evaluation system, and use scientificity, comprehensiveness, and operability as the benchmarks to measure and enhance the value of urban green spaces; Clarify the evaluation objectives of green space ecological benefits, clarify the purpose and application scope of the evaluation system, and determine the corresponding evaluation focus and indicators according to different evaluation objectives; Determine the content of green space ecological benefit assessment, define the scope and content of the assessment, and clarify the purpose and scope of application of the assessment system; Establish green space ecological benefit evaluation indicators, and formulate corresponding evaluation indicators and grade classification for each indicator; the evaluation indicators can refer to relevant national and local indicators, industry standards and advanced domestic and foreign experience; Establish an evaluation index system for the ecological benefits of green space, combine relevant literature research and field research, and select indicators that can reflect the ecological benefits of green space; Determine the evaluation method of green space ecological benefit evaluation indicators, and use the evaluation method to scientifically process and analyze specific data to obtain preliminary analysis and preliminary result verification; Collect data according to the evaluation index system, use scientific methods to collect the required data, classify and organize the collected data according to the evaluation index system, ensure that the data corresponding to each indicator is accurately placed in the corresponding position, verify the collected data, and check the rationality and consistency of the data; Comprehensive evaluation and result analysis: Based on indicator weights and evaluation indicators, a comprehensive evaluation of the ecological benefits of green spaces is conducted.

2. The urban green space ecological benefit evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The principles for establishing the evaluation system include comprehensiveness, hierarchy, and operability. The comprehensiveness requires that a system be able to comprehensively reflect the ecological benefits of urban green spaces based on single indicators as the starting point, and the hierarchy requires that the evaluation indicator system be graded in accordance with the complex characteristics of the ecological benefit mechanism.

3. The urban green space ecological benefit evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The clear green space ecological benefit assessment objectives include determining comprehensive ecological benefit indicators, which include green space structure indicators and green space function indicators. The green space structure indicators include type richness, green space greenness and distribution uniformity. The green space function indicators include environmental benefits and climate zone benefits. The environmental benefits include the amount of carbon dioxide fixed and oxygen released, the amount of heat absorbed by transpiration of urban green spaces, the amount of sulfur dioxide absorbed by urban green spaces, the amount of dust trapped by urban green spaces, the amount of noise reduction by urban green spaces, and the amount of water and soil conservation by urban green spaces. The climate zone benefits include cooling and warming benefits and atmospheric circulation benefits.

4. The urban green space ecological benefit evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The specific contents of the green space ecological benefit assessment include microclimate regulation, atmospheric environment improvement, and landscape ecological benefits. The factor layers of microclimate regulation include humidity regulation, temperature regulation, airflow influence, windbreak and sand fixation, oxygenated water sources, and soil conservation. The factor layers of atmospheric environment improvement include oxygen production, dust retention, carbon dioxide absorption, and noise reduction. The factor layers of landscape ecological benefits include improving ecological functions, strengthening ecological functions, increasing edge effects, and protecting biodiversity.

5. The urban green space ecological benefit evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The green space ecological benefit evaluation indicators established include ecological function indicators, which include climate regulation indicators, air purification indicators, soil and water conservation indicators and biodiversity protection indicators. The climate regulation indicators include temperature regulation indicators and humidity regulation indicators. The temperature regulation indicator measures the ecological benefit by comparing the transpiration and absorption of heat in the urban green space area and the surrounding non-green space area. The humidity regulation indicator measures the ecological benefit by comparing the relative humidity of the air between the green space and the surrounding area. The air purification indicator is measured by the urban green space fixing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen, absorbing sulfur dioxide and trapping dust. The soil and water conservation indicator is measured by the amount of soil and water maintained by the urban green space.

6. The urban green space ecological benefit evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The evaluation index system for the ecological benefits of green spaces includes: determination of the amount of carbon dioxide fixed and oxygen released, determination of the amount of heat absorbed by transpiration of urban green spaces, determination of the amount of sulfur dioxide absorbed by urban green spaces, determination of the amount of dust trapped by urban green spaces, determination of the amount of noise reduction by urban green spaces, and determination of the amount of water and soil conserved by urban green spaces.

7. The urban green space ecological benefit evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The evaluation methods for determining the green space ecological benefit evaluation indicators include the market value method, the substitution cost method, the ecological benefit conversion method and the ecological footprint method. The market value method quantitatively evaluates the ecological benefits of urban green spaces through digital transaction data in the market. The substitution cost method evaluates the ecological value of urban green spaces by comparing the cost difference between the original ecological benefits of urban green spaces and other alternative means. The ecological benefit conversion method evaluates the ecological value of green spaces by comparing the ecological benefits brought by urban green spaces into economic benefits. The ecological footprint method evaluates the ecological benefits of urban green spaces by measuring the contribution of green spaces in different areas of the city to the ecosystem.

8. The urban green space ecological benefit evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data collected according to the evaluation index system include the amount of fixed carbon dioxide and released oxygen, the amount of heat absorbed by transpiration of urban green spaces, the amount of sulfur dioxide absorbed by urban green spaces, the amount of dust trapped by urban green spaces, the amount of noise reduction by urban green spaces, and the amount of water and soil conserved by urban green spaces.

9. The urban green space ecological benefit evaluation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The comprehensive evaluation and result analysis include data collation and preprocessing, data result derivation, comprehensive evaluation calculation and result analysis. The data collation and preprocessing utilizes data inspection and data indexing to scientifically and rationally process the data collected for the green space ecological benefit evaluation target and to measure the data in the same indexing. The data result derivation utilizes the evaluation method of green space ecological benefit evaluation index to derive the data structure. The comprehensive evaluation calculation includes index score calculation and comprehensive evaluation score calculation. The index score calculation utilizes the evaluation method of green space ecological benefit evaluation index to derive the evaluation index system data and calculate the digital results of various ecological benefits of urban green space. The comprehensive evaluation score calculation utilizes the digital results of various ecological benefits determined and establishes an evaluation index system for green space ecological benefits. The scores of various indicators are multiplied by the corresponding weights and then added to obtain a comprehensive evaluation score.

10. An urban green space ecological benefit evaluation system, applicable to the urban green space ecological benefit evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The system comprises: A data collection module (1), the data collection module (1) comprising a field monitoring submodule (101), a remote sensing data acquisition submodule (102), and a questionnaire survey submodule (103), wherein the field monitoring submodule (101) performs field measurements on various ecological indicators of the green space, the remote sensing data acquisition submodule (102) uses remote sensing technology to acquire spatial information and macro-ecological characteristics of the green space to obtain various ecological benefit evaluation data of the green space, and the questionnaire survey submodule (103) designs a questionnaire for residents and users and collects their subjective feelings and needs for the ecological benefits of the green space; A data processing module (2), wherein the data processing module (2) comprises a data cleaning submodule (201), a data analysis submodule (202), and a data visualization submodule (203), wherein the data cleaning submodule (201) removes abnormal values, erroneous data, and duplicate data from the collected data, the data analysis submodule (202) uses statistical analysis methods and models to perform in-depth analysis on the collected data, and the data visualization submodule (203) visualizes the analyzed data in the form of intuitive charts; An indicator evaluation module (3), the indicator evaluation module (3) comprising an indicator calculation submodule (301) and an indicator evaluation submodule (302), the indicator calculation submodule (301) being used to calculate specific values ​​of various ecological benefit indicators according to the evaluation indicator system, and the indicator evaluation submodule (302) evaluating various indicators against the evaluation criteria to determine the scores of the indicators; A comprehensive evaluation module (4), the comprehensive evaluation module (4) comprising a weight determination submodule (401) and a comprehensive scoring submodule (402), the weight determination submodule (401) using methods such as hierarchical analysis method and Delphi method to determine the weight of each indicator, the comprehensive scoring submodule (402) calculating the comprehensive evaluation score of each data of the green space according to the indicator weight and the score of each indicator; The result output module (5) includes a report generation submodule (501) and a visualization submodule (502). The report generation submodule (501) compiles the evaluation results into a detailed evaluation report, and the report should include the basic situation of the green space, the evaluation method, the evaluation results of various indicators, the comprehensive evaluation score, the existing problems and suggested measures, etc. The visualization submodule (502) visualizes the evaluation results in the form of charts, maps, multimedia, etc.

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