Pet litter, preparation process thereof and cat litter

Abstract

The invention discloses pet litter, a preparation process thereof and cat litter. The pet sand comprises bentonite, biomass carbon powder and a biodegradable binder, the biomass carbon powder is a product obtained after pyrolysis treatment of a biomass energy raw material, and the biomass energy raw material is selected from at least one of agricultural waste and forestry waste. According to the pet sand provided by the invention, the bentonite, the biomass carbon powder and the biodegradable binder are used, so that the pet sand has good water solubility while having basic properties required by the pet sand, the used pet sand can be directly poured or buried into soil, energy is not consumed in the treatment process, and the pet sand can be quickly dissolved and dispersed when meeting water; moreover, soil hardening or other adverse effects on plants cannot be caused, and recycling of the pet sand is realized. Besides, the biomass carbon powder used in the pet sand raw material provided by the embodiment of the invention is derived from a product obtained after pyrolysis treatment of agricultural wastes and / or forestry wastes, belongs to renewable resources and is environment-friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of pet breeding, in particular to pet litter and a preparation process thereof and cat litter. Background Art

[0002] Pet litter plays an important role in pet care, mainly used to absorb pet excrement, usually used in pet litter boxes, but also suitable for the breeding environment of other small pets, such as rabbits, hamsters, etc. Pet litter can reduce odor and provide a clean and hygienic living environment for pets.

[0003] With the booming pet economy, pet owners' increasing attention to their pets' health and comfort, and the continuous improvement of pet litter product types and performance, the demand and use of pet litter are increasing. However, most of the existing pet litters can only be treated as garbage after use, and the disposal method is troublesome. For example, the owner needs to shovel the clumped pet litter out of the pet house and pour it into a garbage bag before discarding it; or shovel the clumped pet litter out of the pet house and flush it into the toilet, which is very troublesome to handle or wastes water resources and causes waste of resources.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an environmentally friendly pet litter that is easy to handle. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a pet litter and a preparation process thereof and cat litter, which can facilitate the treatment and regeneration of the pet litter after use and are environmentally friendly.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a pet litter, which includes the following components: bentonite, biomass carbon powder and a biodegradable binder, wherein the biomass carbon powder is a product of pyrolysis treatment of biomass energy raw materials, and the biomass energy raw materials are selected from at least one of agricultural waste and forestry waste.

[0007] In a feasible implementation, the agricultural waste is selected from at least one of straw, fiber crops, fruit shells, tea residues and food processing waste; the forestry waste is selected from at least one of wood waste, trees, stumps, bamboo waste and forestry by-products; the biodegradable adhesive is selected from at least one of starch-based adhesives, cellulose-based adhesives, protein-based adhesives, polysaccharide-based adhesives, polylactic acid (PLA)-based adhesives, polycaprolactone (PCL)-based adhesives and biopolymer-based adhesives.

[0008] In a feasible implementation, the mass percentage of the bentonite is 10 wt% to 30 wt%, the mass percentage of the biomass carbon powder is 40 wt% to 70 wt%, and the mass percentage of the biodegradable binder is 10 wt% to 30 wt%.

[0009] In a feasible implementation, the bentonite is sodium-based bentonite, the parameters of the biomass carbon powder are a porosity of 40%-50.5%, a specific surface area of ​​1.31*105cm2 / g-2.5*105cm2 / g, and a compressive strength of >3.5Mpa; and the pH value of the biodegradable binder is 6.0-7.5.

[0010] Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a process for preparing pet litter, which comprises the following steps: pyrolyzing a biomass energy raw material to obtain biomass carbon powder; obtaining a biodegradable binder; obtaining bentonite; adding bentonite, biomass carbon powder and biodegradable binder into a mixer in proportion, mixing them fully to ensure that the components are evenly distributed to obtain a mixture, feeding the mixture into a granulator for granulation to obtain a granulated product, drying and cooling the granulated product to obtain pet litter; wherein the biomass energy raw material is selected from at least one of agricultural waste and forestry waste.

[0011] In a feasible implementation, the mass percentage of the bentonite is 10 wt% to 30 wt%, the mass percentage of the biomass carbon powder is 40 wt% to 70 wt%, and the mass percentage of the biodegradable binder is 10 wt% to 30 wt%.

[0012] In a feasible implementation, the pyrolysis treatment of biomass energy raw materials includes the following steps: mixing the biomass energy raw materials evenly in proportion to obtain pyrolysis raw materials; pyrolyzing the pyrolysis raw materials at a temperature of 900°C to 1000°C for 20s-30s to obtain pyrolysis products; and obtaining the biomass carbon powder after screening, washing, crushing and drying the pyrolysis products.

[0013] In a feasible implementation, the biomass energy raw materials include agricultural waste and forestry waste, the agricultural waste is straw, the forestry waste is wood waste, and the mass ratio of the straw to the wood waste is (7-9): (1-3).

[0014] In a feasible implementation, the method of obtaining the biodegradable adhesive comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing corn starch and glutinous rice flour in proportion to obtain an adhesive raw material; gelatinizing the adhesive raw material to obtain the biodegradable adhesive; the gelatinization temperature is 60°C-100°C, and the gelatinization time is 20min-30min; wherein the mass ratio of corn starch to glutinous rice flour is 3:1-4:1.

[0015] Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a cat litter, comprising the above-mentioned pet litter or pet litter prepared by the above-mentioned pet litter preparation process.

[0016] The implementation of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The pet litter provided in the embodiment of the present application, by using bentonite, biomass carbon powder and biodegradable binder, has good water solubility while having the basic properties required for pet litter. The used pet litter can be directly dumped or buried in the soil. The treatment process does not consume energy. The pet litter will quickly dissolve and disperse when it comes into contact with water, and will not cause soil compaction or other adverse effects on plants, thereby realizing the recycling of pet litter. In addition, the biomass carbon powder used as the raw material of the pet litter provided in the embodiment of the present application is derived from the product of pyrolysis treatment of agricultural waste and / or forestry waste, which is a renewable resource and is environmentally friendly.

[0018] The pet litter preparation process provided in the embodiments of the present application has simple steps, is convenient for industrial production, and is conducive to wide application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a process flow chart of preparing pet litter according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a flow chart of the steps of pyrolysis treatment of biomass raw materials described in some embodiments of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the steps for obtaining a biodegradable adhesive as described in some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0024] The embodiment of the present application provides a pet litter, which is mainly used to absorb excrement or pollutants generated by pets during pet breeding. The pet litter includes the following components: bentonite, biomass carbon powder and biodegradable binder. The biomass carbon powder is a product of pyrolysis of biomass energy raw materials. The biomass energy raw materials are selected from at least one of agricultural waste and forestry waste.

[0025] The pet litter provided in the embodiment of the present application has good water solubility while having the basic properties required for pet litter by using bentonite, biomass carbon powder and biodegradable binder. The used pet litter can be directly dumped or buried in the soil. The treatment process does not consume energy. The pet litter will quickly dissolve and disperse when it comes into contact with water, and will not cause soil compaction or other adverse effects on plants. The recycling of pet litter is achieved. For example, the used pet litter can be directly dumped or buried in a lawn, garden, bushes, forest or potted plant. In addition, the biomass carbon powder used as the raw material of the pet litter provided in the embodiment of the present application is derived from the product of pyrolysis treatment of agricultural waste and / or forestry waste, which is a renewable resource and environmentally friendly.

[0026] In a feasible embodiment, the mass percentage of the bentonite in the pet litter is 10wt% to 30wt%, the mass percentage of the biomass carbon powder is 40wt% to 70wt%, and the mass percentage of the biodegradable binder is 10wt% to 30wt%. Increasing the bentonite content can shorten the caking time, increase the water absorption and caking strength, and deodorization, but too high a content will affect the pH value and conductivity of the soil. Increasing the biomass carbon powder content can increase the water absorption and ammonia removal, but it will affect the caking strength and dust rate. The increase in the content of the biodegradable binder as a binder can increase the caking time and caking strength, but it will affect the water absorption and deodorization. The pet litter provided in this application is set according to the above-mentioned mass ratio, has good agglomeration, water absorption and deodorization performance, and has low dust and good water solubility. Some existing water-soluble pet litters often need to be poured into the toilet and flushed away with water. If they are poured directly on the soil, the soil will become compacted and lumped. The pet litter provided in the embodiments of the present application can be directly dumped or buried in grass, gardens, bushes, forests or potted plants after use. During rain or daily plant maintenance and watering, the pet litter will quickly dissolve and disperse when it comes into contact with water, and will not cause soil compaction. At the same time, it will not have an adverse effect on the organic matter composition of the soil. Not only will it not have an adverse effect on the pH value and conductivity of the soil, it will not have an adverse effect on the growth of plants, nor will it pollute the environment. It will also regulate the pH value and conductivity of the soil to a certain extent, which is beneficial to the growth of plants.

[0027] Optionally or preferably, the mass percentage of bentonite in the pet litter is 15wt% to 25wt%, the mass percentage of biomass carbon powder is 50wt% to 65wt%, and the mass percentage of biodegradable binder is 15wt% to 25wt%. The components of the pet litter in such a proportion act synergistically, and the pet litter has good agglomeration, dust rate, water absorption, agglomeration strength and deodorization rate performance, and has low adverse effects on the soil, and can also adjust the pH value and conductivity of the soil, providing a good organic environment for the soil.

[0028] In a feasible embodiment, the agricultural waste is selected from at least one of straw, fiber crops, fruit shells, tea residues and food processing waste. Using the agricultural waste as raw materials can not only reduce environmental pollution, but also realize resource recycling. Optionally or preferably, the agricultural waste is straw. Straw is a byproduct of crops and is regenerated every year. Therefore, it is a renewable energy source that will not deplete natural resources. Compared with other agricultural wastes, straw has a low water content, is easy to store and transport. At the same time, straw is a byproduct of crops and is regenerated every year. The acquisition method is stable and the batch-to-batch uniformity is good. The performance indicators of the pet litter prepared therefrom are also stable and uniform.

[0029] In a feasible embodiment, the forestry waste is selected from at least one of wood waste, trees, stumps, bamboo waste and forestry by-products. Using the forestry waste as raw materials can not only reduce environmental pollution, but also realize the recycling of resources. Optionally or preferably, the forestry waste is wood waste. Wood waste is generated in multiple links and industries, mainly from wood processing, construction, furniture manufacturing, forestry management and urban greening. The following are some of the main sources and production processes of wood waste: sawdust, scraps and wood chips generated in the sawmill process during wood processing; waste generated in the process of manufacturing particleboard and fiberboard in particleboard and fiberboard factories, such as shavings, wood powder and scraps; waste generated in the process of manufacturing plywood in plywood factories, such as wood chips, wood chips and scraps. Waste wood generated during the construction process of construction sites, such as formwork, support frames and waste wood components; waste wood generated during the indoor and outdoor decoration of decoration projects, such as floors, door frames, window frames, etc. Waste generated in the furniture manufacturing process of furniture factories, such as scraps, sawdust and shavings. Branches, bark and roots generated in the process of forest felling; for example, waste generated when pruning trees and clearing woodland. Waste generated in the process of forest tending, such as thinning trees and dead wood. Waste generated in the process of urban greening and park management, such as pruned branches and dead wood. Used furniture discarded in homes and offices, such as tables, chairs, beds, etc. Waste wood generated in the demolition of old buildings, such as wooden beams, wooden boards, etc. These wood wastes are collected and transported regularly in special waste collection areas set up in wood processing plants, construction sites and furniture factories. The access to these wood wastes is stable and easy to transport, which can not only reduce environmental pollution but also achieve resource recycling.

[0030] In a feasible embodiment, the biodegradable adhesive is selected from at least one of starch-based adhesives, cellulose-based adhesives, protein-based adhesives, polysaccharide-based adhesives, polylactic acid (PLA)-based adhesives, polycaprolactone (PCL)-based adhesives and biopolymer-based adhesives. The above biodegradable adhesives are adhesives made of natural or biodegradable materials, and have the characteristics of environmental protection, good biocompatibility, and degradability. Optionally or preferably, the biodegradable adhesive is selected from starch-based adhesives. Starch-based adhesives have a wide range of raw materials, relatively low cost, and are non-toxic to humans and pets, and will not pollute the environment. Further, the starch-based adhesive is made of corn starch and sweet potato flour as raw materials, and a certain amount of cellulose is added to form an adhesive after gelatinization reaction. Such a biodegradable adhesive has good hygroscopicity, can quickly absorb liquid in animal excrement or pollutants produced, convert it into a coagulated substance, and keep the surface of the pet litter dry. This can reduce humidity and prevent the spread of odor. Such a biodegradable binder will form a gel-like substance after absorbing moisture, so that animal excrement or pollutants such as cat urine and feces are solidified together, which is convenient for cleaning and replacing pet litter. This solidification property greatly facilitates the owner's daily cleaning work. At the same time, such a biodegradable binder cooperates with the bentonite and biomass carbon powder to improve the soil, adjust the soil pH value and conductivity, not only does not pollute the environment, but also is conducive to the growth of plants.

[0031] In a feasible embodiment, the pH value of the biodegradable binder is 6.0-7.5. The reasonable range of soil pH value varies depending on the crop, and most crops are suitable for growing in the pH range of 6.0-7.5. Such a biodegradable binder cooperates with the bentonite and biomass carbon powder to improve the soil, adjust the soil pH value and conductivity, not only does not pollute the environment, but also is conducive to plant growth.

[0032] In a feasible embodiment, the bentonite is sodium bentonite. Sodium bentonite has a very high water absorption capacity and can absorb water several times its own weight. After absorbing water, sodium bentonite will expand rapidly to form a gel-like substance, which helps to retain moisture and reduce leakage. Sodium bentonite can form a solid agglomerate after absorbing water. The pet litter after agglomeration is easy to clean, reducing odor and dust. The agglomerates formed have high stability, are not easy to disperse, and are convenient for daily maintenance. Sodium bentonite is a natural mineral, environmentally friendly, and does not produce harmful substances. In the natural environment, sodium bentonite can gradually decompose and will not cause long-term environmental pollution. Sodium bentonite can improve the water retention and fertility of the soil and is suitable for agriculture and gardening. Sodium bentonite produces less dust during use, which is beneficial to the health of pets and family members. Sodium bentonite can also be used as a soil conditioner to improve soil structure, water retention and fertility.

[0033] In a feasible embodiment, the parameters of the biomass carbon powder are a porosity of 40%-50.5% and a specific surface area of ​​1.31*10 5 cm 2 / g-2.5*10 5 cm 2 / g, and compressive strength>3.5Mpa. Optionally or preferably, the biomass carbon powder has a porosity of 50.5%, a wear rate of 34.15%, a specific surface area of ​​1.51×105cm2 / g, and a compressive strength of 4.1Mpa.

[0034] The biomass carbon powder is a product of pyrolysis of biomass raw materials. The biomass raw materials are selected from at least one of agricultural waste and forestry waste. The biomass carbon powder is a renewable resource, energy-saving and environmentally friendly. At the same time, the biomass carbon powder with such parameters can absorb pet urine, such as liquid in cat urine, and quickly convert it into a solidified substance to keep the surface of the pet litter dry. The biomass carbon powder can effectively adsorb and neutralize the odors such as ammonia produced by cat urine and feces, and reduce the spread of odors in the room. The biomass carbon powder has a certain antibacterial property, can inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi, and keep the pet litter hygienic. Biomass carbon powder is usually made of renewable plant fibers or waste materials, which is more environmentally friendly than traditional mineral sand or clay sand. The solidified substance formed by the biomass carbon powder after moisture absorption is easy to clean, and the pet litter can be easily replaced and cleaned. The biomass carbon powder with the above parameters as a raw material for pet litter can provide good moisture absorption, deodorization, antibacterial and other functions, and at the same time has the characteristics of environmental protection and easy cleaning, providing a dry and hygienic living or excretion environment for pets.

[0035] Accordingly, the present application also provides a process for preparing pet litter, which is used to prepare a water-soluble, environmentally friendly pet litter that can be directly dumped or buried in the soil without causing soil compaction or other adverse effects on the environment and plants. Figure 1 As shown, the pet litter preparation process includes steps S110 to S140:

[0036] S110, pyrolyzing the biomass raw material to obtain biomass carbon powder;

[0037] Wherein, the biomass energy raw material is selected from at least one of agricultural waste and forestry waste.

[0038] In a feasible embodiment, the forestry waste is selected from at least one of wood waste, trees, stumps, bamboo waste and forestry byproducts. Optionally or preferably, the forestry waste is wood waste. The benefits of selecting wood waste as forestry waste as biomass raw material have been described in the foregoing and will not be repeated here.

[0039] In a feasible embodiment, the agricultural waste is selected from at least one of straw, fiber crops, fruit shells, tea residues and food processing waste. Optionally or preferably, the agricultural waste is straw. The benefits of selecting straw as agricultural waste as biomass raw material have been explained in the foregoing and will not be repeated here.

[0040] In a feasible embodiment, the biomass raw material includes agricultural waste and forestry waste, the agricultural waste is straw, and the forestry waste is wood waste. Selecting a mixture of straw and wood waste as the biomass raw material can further optimize the performance of the prepared biomass carbon powder. By controlling the temperature and time parameters during the preparation process, the parameters of the finally prepared biomass carbon powder are a porosity of 40%-50.5% and a specific surface area of ​​1.31*10 5 cm 2 / g-2.5*10 5 cm 2 / g, compressive strength>3.5Mpa. Optionally or preferably, the parameters of the biomass carbon powder are porosity of 50.5%, specific surface area of ​​1.51×105cm 2 / g, and the compressive strength is 4.1mpa. In this way, the prepared pet litter can provide good moisture absorption, deodorization, antibacterial and other functions, and at the same time has the characteristics of environmental protection and easy cleaning, providing a dry and hygienic living or excretion environment for pets.

[0041] In a possible implementation, Figure 2 As shown, the biomass raw material pyrolysis process includes steps S210 to S230:

[0042] S210, mixing the biomass energy raw materials uniformly according to a proportion to obtain a pyrolysis raw material;

[0043] S220, pyrolyzing the pyrolysis raw material at a temperature of 900° C. to 1000° C. for 20 seconds to 30 seconds to obtain a pyrolysis product;

[0044] S230, obtaining the biomass carbon powder after screening, washing, crushing and drying the pyrolysis product.

[0045] The screening operation may be to screen out large particles with a particle size greater than 2 mm. The particles with a particle size greater than 2 mm may be further crushed and then screened to obtain a product with a particle size less than 2 mm. The washing operation may be to wash the sample by a water washing device so that the moisture value of the sample reaches 40% to 50%. The drying process may be to dry the sample at a temperature of 200°C and then enter a crusher to crush the sample into a powdery substance.

[0046] In a feasible embodiment, the biomass raw material includes agricultural waste and forestry waste, the agricultural waste is straw, the forestry waste is wood waste, and the mass ratio of the straw to the wood waste is 9:1. The biomass carbon powder prepared under such ratio and preparation conditions has a porosity of 50.5% and a specific surface area of ​​1.51×10 5 cm2 / g, and the compressive strength is 4.1 MPa. In this way, the prepared pet litter can provide good moisture absorption, deodorization, antibacterial and other functions, and at the same time has the characteristics of environmental protection and easy cleaning, providing a dry and hygienic living or excretion environment for pets.

[0047] S120, obtaining a biodegradable adhesive;

[0048] The biodegradable adhesive is selected from at least one of starch-based adhesives, cellulose-based adhesives, protein-based adhesives, polysaccharide-based adhesives, polylactic acid (PLA)-based adhesives, polycaprolactone (PCL)-based adhesives and biopolymer-based adhesives. Optionally or preferably, the biodegradable adhesive is selected from starch-based adhesives or cellulose-based adhesives.

[0049] In a possible implementation, Figure 3 As shown, the step of obtaining the biodegradable adhesive includes steps S310 to S320:

[0050] S310, mixing corn starch and glutinous rice flour in proportion to obtain a binder raw material;

[0051] S320, gelatinizing the binder raw material to obtain the biodegradable binder;

[0052] Wherein, the gelatinization treatment temperature is 60°C-100°C, and the gelatinization time is 20min-30min.

[0053] The biodegradable binder prepared in this way has good hygroscopicity. The pet litter prepared from it can quickly absorb the liquid in the animal excrement or pollutants produced, converting it into a solidified substance, keeping the surface of the pet litter dry, reducing humidity and preventing the spread of odor. At the same time, it is easy to degrade and harmless to the environment.

[0054] In a feasible embodiment, the mass ratio of corn starch to glutinous rice flour to cellulose is 3: 1-4: 1. The biodegradable binder prepared in this ratio can achieve the best effect in agglomeration time and agglomeration strength, water absorption and deodorization of the pet litter through appropriate proportioning.

[0055] S130, obtaining bentonite;

[0056] In a feasible embodiment, the bentonite is sodium bentonite. Sodium bentonite has a very high water absorption capacity and can absorb water several times its own weight. After absorbing water, sodium bentonite will expand rapidly to form a gel-like substance, which helps to retain moisture and reduce leakage. Sodium bentonite can form a solid agglomerate after absorbing water. The pet litter after agglomeration is easy to clean, reducing odor and dust. The agglomerates formed have high stability, are not easy to disperse, and are convenient for daily maintenance. Sodium bentonite is a natural mineral, environmentally friendly, and does not produce harmful substances. In the natural environment, sodium bentonite can gradually decompose and will not cause long-term environmental pollution. Sodium bentonite can improve the water retention and fertility of the soil and is suitable for agriculture and gardening. Sodium bentonite produces less dust during use, which is beneficial to the health of pets and family members. Sodium bentonite can also be used as a soil conditioner to improve soil structure, water retention and fertility.

[0057] S140, placing bentonite, biomass carbon powder and biodegradable binder into a mixer in proportion, mixing them thoroughly to ensure uniform distribution of the components, obtaining a mixture, sending the mixture into a granulator for granulation to obtain a granulated product, cooling and screening the granulated product to obtain pet litter.

[0058] Among them, the granulation of the granulator can be carried out by mechanical pressure or spray drying to form particles of a certain size for granulation.

[0059] Among them, the particle size range of granulation can be restored to: 2mm ~ 5mm.

[0060] The screening may be to remove unqualified particles through a sieve to ensure that the particle size of the final product is uniform.

[0061] In a feasible implementation, the mass percentage of bentonite is 10wt% to 30wt%, the mass percentage of biomass carbon powder is 40wt% to 70wt%, and the mass percentage of biodegradable binder is 10wt% to 30wt%. The components of pet litter in such a proportion work synergistically, and the pet litter has good agglomeration, dust rate, water absorption, agglomeration strength and deodorization rate performance, and has low adverse effects on the soil, and can also adjust the pH value and conductivity of the soil, providing a good organic matter environment for the soil.

[0062] Accordingly, the embodiment of the present application also provides a cat litter. The cat litter includes the aforementioned pet litter or the pet litter prepared by the aforementioned preparation process. It can also be said that the embodiment of the present application also provides the application of the aforementioned pet litter or the pet litter prepared by the aforementioned preparation process in the field of cat litter. The cat litter provided by the embodiment of the present application has all the advantages and effects of the aforementioned pet litter, which will not be repeated here.

[0063] With reference to the above implementation contents, in order to make the technical solution of the present application more specific, clear and easy to understand, the technical solution of the present application is now exemplified. However, it should be noted that the contents to be protected by the present application are not limited to the following embodiments.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] The straw and wood waste are mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 9:1 to obtain a pyrolysis raw material;

[0066] Pyrolyzing the pyrolysis raw material at 900° C. for 30 seconds to obtain a pyrolysis product;

[0067] The pyrolysis product is screened, washed, crushed and dried to obtain biomass carbon powder.

[0068] The corn starch and glutinous rice flour are mixed uniformly in a mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain a binder raw material;

[0069] The binder raw material is gelatinized to obtain the biodegradable binder.

[0070] The gelatinization treatment temperature is 60°C-100°C, and the gelatinization time is 20min-30min.

[0071] Bentonite, biomass carbon powder and biodegradable binder are placed in a mixer in a mass ratio of 0.2:0.6:0.2, and are fully mixed to ensure that the components are evenly distributed to obtain a mixed material. The mixed material is sent to a granulator for granulation to obtain a granulated product. The granulated product is cooled and screened to obtain pet litter No. 1.

[0072] Embodiment 2-10

[0073] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that the mass ratios of bentonite, biomass carbon powder and biodegradable binder are different. The following table shows the mass ratios of bentonite, biomass carbon powder and biodegradable binder in Examples 1-10.

[0074]

[0075] Embodiment 11

[0076] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that the mass ratio of straw to wood waste is 7:3.

[0077] Example 12

[0078] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that the pyrolysis raw material is pyrolyzed at 1000° C. for 20 seconds to obtain a pyrolysis product.

[0079] Embodiment 13

[0080] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that the ratio of corn starch to glutinous rice in the biomass degradable binder is 4:1.

[0081] Embodiment 14

[0082] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that corn starch is used as the biodegradable binder.

[0083] Embodiment 15

[0084] The method is basically the same as Example 1, except that glutinous rice flour is used as the biodegradable binder.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] Example 1 is basically the same, except that the biomass carbon powder is replaced with activated carbon.

[0087] Comparative Example 2

[0088] A certain tofu cat litter available on the market.

[0089] Performance Testing

[0090] 1. Detection of harmful heavy metal components

[0091] Take 9 samples of pet litter No. 1 and test the harmful heavy metal components of pet litter No. 1. Test standard: "National Hazardous Waste Identification Standard-Toxic Substance Content Identification" (GB5085.6-2007); Comparison standard: "Soil Environmental Quality Standard" (GB15618-1995).

[0092] The results are as follows:

[0093] Number Cr Mn Ni Cu Zn As Cd Pb Unit ug / L ug / L ug / L ug / L ug / L ug / L ug / L ug / L 1 566 9426 298 1226 8045 282 40.1 801 2 567 8855 285 1152 7654 273 39.1 834 3 519 8412 269 1139 7288 261 37.4 836 4 531 8735 299 1138 7631 272 40.2 877 5 519 8590 277 1092 7399 269 38.5 863 6 502 8235 287 1089 7239 250 39.1 871 7 609 6422 151 175 3950 249 3.70 293 8 589 6240 143 177 3884 239 4.66 294 9 652 6380 157 179 3829 237 4.72 323

[0094] 2. Soil conductivity detection

[0095] Soil conductivity is an important indicator to measure the content of dissolved salts in the soil and the electrical conductivity of the soil water solution. It is usually measured in millisiemens per meter (mS / m) or microsiemens per centimeter (μS / cm). The reasonable range of soil conductivity can refer to the following classification standards:

[0096] Excellent soil: The conductivity is less than 0.5mS / m or less than 50μS / cm. This kind of soil has good fertility and water retention, and is suitable for the growth of most crops.

[0097] Medium soil: The conductivity is between 0.5-2mS / m or 50-200μS / cm. This type of soil is suitable for growing salt-tolerant crops with low salinity requirements, but is not suitable for salt-sensitive crops such as rice.

[0098] Mildly saline soil: The conductivity is between 2-4mS / m or 200-400μS / cm. The salt content in this soil is relatively high, which is unfavorable for most common crops, but suitable for some salt-tolerant crops such as halophytes.

[0099] Moderately saline soil: The conductivity is between 4-8mS / m or 400-800μS / cm. This type of soil has a high salt content and is only suitable for growing some specific salt-tolerant crops, but not for most crops.

[0100] Severe saline-alkali soil: The conductivity is greater than 8mS / m or greater than 800μS / cm. This kind of soil has very high salinity and is basically unsuitable for growing any common crops. It needs to be reclaimed and improved.

[0101] 3. Soil pH test

[0102] Soil pH was determined using the litmus paper colorimetric method.

[0103] 4. Soil and organic matter testing

[0104] Detect soil organic matter content according to soil organic matter determination method GB 9834-88

[0105] 5. Dust rate detection

[0106] According to the general technical specification of pet cat litter: T / SDPIA05-2022, the dust content of cat litter (mg / m 3 )standard:

[0107] Superior product: ≤1.00mg / m 3

[0108] First grade: ≤6.00mg / m 3

[0109] Qualified products: ≤10.00mg / m 3

[0110] 6. Water absorption test

[0111] According to the ICS Y 40 group standard, the water absorption rate of cat litter is defined as the ratio of the weight of the agglomerate absorbed by 20g of water by a certain weight of tofu cat litter to the mass of the cat litter consumed, simulating the water absorption and clumping properties of cat litter during use. This standard divides tofu cat litter into three grades according to quality: superior, first-class, and qualified. The water absorption rate of superior products must reach ≥100%, the water absorption rate of first-class products must reach ≥80%, and the water absorption rate of qualified products must reach ≥66%.

[0112] According to national quality standards, the water absorption rate of cat litter should not be less than 80%.

[0113] According to T / SDPIA 05-2022 "General Technical Specifications for Pet Cat Litter", the physical properties requirements for pet cat litter stipulate that the water absorption rate must reach ≥100%.

[0114] In summary, the water absorption requirements of cat litter vary according to different types of cat litter and different quality grades, but generally should be between 66% and 100%.

[0115] 7. Agglomeration strength test

[0116] According to the tofu cat litter specification: T / CIQA11-2020, the agglomeration strength is tested

[0117] The agglomeration strength is determined by naturally dropping the agglomerated sample from a certain height and observing its broken state. The agglomeration strength of cat litter is usually required to be above 90%.

[0118] 8. Deodorization rate test

[0119] Standard T / SDPIA 05-2022 "General Technical Specifications for Pet Cat Litter" stipulates that the physical properties of pet cat litter include deodorization rate (calculated by ammonia concentration), which is required to be ≥35%.

[0120] 9. Soil compaction detection

[0121] According to the soil environment monitoring technical specification: HJ / T 166-2004 test

[0122] The same volume of pet litter or cat litter of the embodiment and the comparative example was poured on the same volume of soil sampled from the same environment, and water ten times the volume of the pet litter or cat litter was poured on the pet litter or cat litter three times to fully dissolve the pet litter or cat litter. The difference in soil parameters before and after watering was detected, and the main detected parameters were: soil bulk density, soil porosity, soil moisture content and organic matter content.

[0123] The performance test results are shown in the following table:

[0124]

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] as well as,

[0128] From the test results of harmful heavy metal components, it can be seen that the contents of six elements, chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb), were detected in the samples, all of which were lower than the standard limit values ​​specified in the "Soil Environmental Quality Standards". The cadmium (Cd) element content detected in the samples was lower than the secondary standard limit value specified in the "Soil Environmental Quality Standards" (GB15618-1995). The average content of manganese (Mn) element detected in the samples was less than 100 mg / kg, which can meet the requirements of micronutrients for the growth of bacterial agents. The heavy metal content of the pet litter prepared in Examples 1-15 is qualified and will not cause adverse effects on the soil environment.

[0129] From other test results, it can be seen that the pet litter provided in Examples 1 to 15 of the present application has good dust rate, water absorption, caking strength and deodorization rate, all of which meet national or industry standards. At the same time, the pet litter provided in Examples 1 to 15 of the present application has no adverse effect on the characteristics of the soil, and can also play a role in regulating pH and conductivity to a certain extent, and can also provide a certain amount of organic matter for the soil, empowering the soil and facilitating the growth of plants.

[0130] Furthermore, it can be seen from the test results that the pet litter provided in Examples 1-10 of the present application has better dust rate, water absorption, caking strength and deodorization rate performance and the test results of the influence on the characteristics of the soil than Examples 11-15. The commercially available tofu cat litter provided in Comparative Example 2 has other acceptable properties, but the test results of compaction performance are very poor. It can be seen that directly dumping it on the soil will have adverse effects, causing soil compaction and thus affecting the soil and the environment. The use of the pet litter provided in Examples 1-10 of the present application can not only well realize the role of the pet litter in absorbing pet excrement or pollutants, but also facilitates processing, and the processing process does not consume energy, returns to the soil, returns to nature, and realizes the recycling of pet litter, which is environmentally friendly and conducive to a wide range of applications.

[0131] In summary, the pet litter provided in the embodiments of the present application, by using bentonite, biomass carbon powder and biodegradable binder, has good water solubility while having the basic properties required for pet litter. The used pet litter can be directly dumped or buried in the soil, and the treatment process does not consume energy. The pet litter will quickly dissolve and disperse when it comes into contact with water, and will not cause soil compaction or other adverse effects on plants, thereby realizing the recycling of pet litter. In addition, the biomass carbon powder used as the raw material of the pet litter provided in the embodiments of the present application is derived from the product of pyrolysis treatment of agricultural waste and / or forestry waste, which is a renewable resource and is environmentally friendly.

[0132] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above detailed disclosure is only for example and does not constitute a limitation of this specification. Although not explicitly stated here, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements and corrections to this specification. Such modifications, improvements and corrections are suggested in this specification, so such modifications, improvements and corrections still belong to the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this specification.

[0133] At the same time, this specification uses specific words to describe the embodiments of this specification. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of this specification. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this specification can be appropriately combined.

[0134] In addition, unless explicitly stated in the claims, the order of the processing elements and sequences described in this specification, the use of alphanumeric characters, or the use of other names are not intended to limit the order of the processes and methods of this specification. Although the above disclosure discusses some invention embodiments that are currently considered useful through various examples, it should be understood that such details are only for illustrative purposes, and the attached claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, the claims are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations that are consistent with the essence and scope of the embodiments of this specification.

[0135] Similarly, it should be noted that in order to simplify the description disclosed in this specification and thus help understand one or more embodiments of the invention, in the above description of the embodiments of this specification, multiple features are sometimes combined into one embodiment, figure or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the features required by the subject matter of this specification are more than the features mentioned in the claims. In fact, the features of the embodiments are less than all the features of the single embodiment disclosed above.

[0136] In some embodiments, numbers describing the number of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Unless otherwise specified, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicate that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximate values, which may change according to the required features of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general method of retaining digits. Although the numerical domains and parameters used to confirm the breadth of their range in some embodiments of this specification are approximate values, in specific embodiments, the setting of such numerical values ​​is as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

[0137] Each patent, patent application, patent application publication, and other materials, such as articles, books, specifications, publications, documents, etc., cited in this specification are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Except for application history documents that are inconsistent with or conflicting with the contents of this specification, documents that limit the broadest scope of the claims of this specification (currently or later attached to this specification) are also excluded. It should be noted that if the descriptions, definitions, and / or use of terms in the materials attached to this specification are inconsistent or conflicting with the contents described in this specification, the descriptions, definitions, and / or use of terms in this specification shall prevail.

[0138] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are only used to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of this specification. Other variations may also fall within the scope of this specification. Therefore, as an example and not a limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of this specification may be considered consistent with the teachings of this specification. Accordingly, the embodiments of this specification are not limited to the embodiments explicitly introduced and described in this specification.

Claims

1. A pet litter, characterized in that: The pet litter comprises the following components: bentonite, biomass carbon powder and a biodegradable binder, wherein the biomass carbon powder is a product of pyrolysis of biomass energy raw materials, and the biomass energy raw materials are selected from at least one of agricultural waste and forestry waste.

2. The pet litter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The agricultural waste is selected from at least one of straw, fiber crops, fruit shells, tea residues and food processing waste; The forestry waste is selected from at least one of wood waste, trees, stumps, bamboo waste and forestry by-products; The biodegradable adhesive is selected from at least one of starch-based adhesives, cellulose-based adhesives, protein-based adhesives, polysaccharide-based adhesives, polylactic acid (PLA)-based adhesives, polycaprolactone (PCL)-based adhesives and biopolymer-based adhesives.

3. The pet litter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass percentage of the bentonite is 10wt% to 30wt%, the mass percentage of the biomass carbon powder is 40wt% to 70wt%, and the mass percentage of the biodegradable binder is 10wt% to 30wt%.

4. The pet litter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bentonite is sodium bentonite, The parameters of the biomass carbon powder are a porosity of 40%-50.5%, a specific surface area of ​​1.31*105cm2 / g-2.5*105cm2 / g, and a compressive strength of >3.5Mpa; The pH value of the biodegradable adhesive is 6.0-7.

5.

5. A process for preparing pet litter: characterized in that, The preparation process of the pet litter comprises the following steps: After pyrolysis treatment of the biomass energy raw material, biomass carbon powder is obtained; Obtaining biodegradable adhesives; Get bentonite clay; Putting bentonite, biomass carbon powder and biodegradable binder into a mixer in proportion, mixing them thoroughly to ensure that the components are evenly distributed, obtaining a mixed material, sending the mixed material into a granulator for granulation to obtain a granulated product, drying and cooling the granulated product to obtain pet litter; Wherein, the biomass energy raw material is selected from at least one of agricultural waste and forestry waste.

6. The preparation process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass percentage of the bentonite is 10wt% to 30wt%, the mass percentage of the biomass carbon powder is 40wt% to 70wt%, and the mass percentage of the biodegradable binder is 10wt% to 30wt%.

7. The preparation process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The biomass raw material pyrolysis process comprises the following steps: The biomass energy raw materials are mixed uniformly according to proportion to obtain pyrolysis raw materials; Pyrolyzing the pyrolysis raw material at a temperature of 900° C. to 1000° C. for 20 seconds to 30 seconds to obtain a pyrolysis product; The biomass carbon powder is obtained by screening, washing, crushing and drying the pyrolysis product.

8. The preparation process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The biomass energy raw materials include agricultural waste and forestry waste, the agricultural waste is straw, the forestry waste is wood waste, and the mass ratio of the straw to the wood waste is (7-9): (1-3).

9. The preparation process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The obtaining of the biodegradable binder comprises the following steps: The corn starch and glutinous rice flour are mixed evenly according to a certain proportion to obtain a binder raw material; Gelatinizing the binder raw material to obtain the biodegradable binder; The gelatinization temperature is 60°C-100°C, and the gelatinization time is 20min-30min; Among them, the mass ratio of corn starch to glutinous rice flour is 3:1-4:

1.

10. A cat litter, characterized in that: The pet litter comprises the pet litter as claimed in claims 1 to 4 or the pet litter prepared by the preparation process of the pet litter as claimed in claims 5 to 9.

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