Tumor type bone defect reconstruction method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a tumor type bone defect reconstruction method and system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring bone defect information; constructing a bone defect restoration; constructing a bone defect three-dimensional model; and bone defect simulation surgery. According to the method, the bone defect information is obtained by evaluating the illness state of the patient, meanwhile, the anatomical structure of the bone tumor of the patient is subjected to structural evaluation through modern medical imaging, and the bone defect restoration is constructed in combination with the corresponding bone defect information; then, according to preset prosthesis design data, carrying out repair design on the bone defect prosthesis and obtaining three-dimensional skeleton data of a patient in real time, then, according to the obtained three-dimensional skeleton data, constructing a three-dimensional bone defect model and carrying out a bone defect simulation operation, and finally, predicting and optimizing the implantation position, direction and angle of the bone defect prosthesis. The effect of improving the construction accuracy of the bone defect prosthesis is achieved, and the problem that in the prior art, the construction accuracy of the bone defect prosthesis is low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bone defect reconstruction, and in particular to a method and system for tumor-type bone defect reconstruction. Background Art

[0002] With the development of oncology and orthopedic surgery, some new reconstruction techniques and methods have been gradually applied in clinical practice. For example, the tumor bone inactivation and reimplantation technology, which inactivates tumor bone by external radiation irradiation and then implants it into the body for bone defect reconstruction, has a good therapeutic effect. In addition, with the development of three-dimensional printing technology, it is also possible to use three-dimensional printing technology to make personalized bone defect prostheses, which can more accurately match the patient's bone defect site. In practical applications, the resection range and reconstruction methods are also different for different types of bone tumors. For example, benign tumors usually use autologous iliac bone, abnormal bone and artificial bone to reconstruct bone defects; the resection range of malignant bone tumors is very wide, requiring the removal of large sections of bones, and the remaining bone defects can be reconstructed through artificial joint replacement and large sections of allogeneic bone transplantation. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a tumor-type bone defect reconstruction method and system. It should be noted that in the process of bone defect reconstruction, it is also necessary to consider how to promote bone healing and restore function, which includes promoting bone regeneration and repair, and restoring the patient's muscle strength and joint function through rehabilitation training.

[0003] The existing technology uses the main components of tumor-type articular cartilage tissue as bio-ink, and utilizes 3D model reconstruction technology, 3D printing technology and bionics principles to construct a scaffold with the same component structure as tumor-type articular cartilage tissue and integrated with the host tissue. It serves as an alternative material for repairing tumor-type articular cartilage defects, thereby achieving reconstruction of tumor-type bone defects.

[0004] CN111281608B discloses a module for repairing cartilage defects and a method for forming the same, comprising: establishing a virtual sample model based on the mechanical parameters of normal cartilage; obtaining a sample of virtual cartilage using a 3D printing method and the virtual sample model; and establishing a virtual model of the cartilage repair module based on the mechanical parameters of the sample.

[0005] CN111631842B discloses a method for preparing a bone defect prosthesis, comprising: using CT to scan a bone defect site to construct a bone prosthesis model and modifying the area that fits the bone defect site of a human body into a fusion area with a porous structure; importing an STL file of a prosthesis model with a fusion layer into a 3D printing device and performing slicing processing to obtain a cross-sectional figure that needs to be printed currently; mixing Ti6Al4V titanium alloy powder in a particle ratio and loading it into a material storage area to generate a TC4 matrix; and depositing micron-grade Ta powder into the porous structure of the fusion area through plasma spraying to obtain a bone defect prosthesis.

[0006] However, in the process of implementing the technical solution of the invention in the embodiments of the present application, the present application found that the above technology has at least the following technical problems:

[0007] In the prior art, since the residual bone at the epiphyseal end is removed during the bone defect reconstruction process, the patient's natural joint surface with normal function is easily damaged, causing the patient to lose his original natural function, and there is a problem of low accuracy in the construction of the bone defect repair body. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention solves the problem of low accuracy in constructing a bone defect repair body in the prior art by providing a tumor-type bone defect reconstruction method and system, thereby improving the accuracy in constructing a bone defect repair body.

[0009] In order to solve the above-mentioned invention object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A method for reconstruction of tumor-type bone defects, comprising:

[0011] S1, performing a condition assessment on the patient to obtain bone defect information, wherein the condition assessment is used to quantify the severity of the patient's bone tumor and the patient's physical condition, and the bone defect information includes location information and infiltration range information of the bone defect;

[0012] S2, performing a structural assessment of the anatomical structure of the patient's bone tumor through modern medical imaging and constructing a bone defect prosthesis in combination with the corresponding bone defect information, wherein the structural assessment is used to determine the structure and implantation position of the bone defect prosthesis;

[0013] S3, performing a repair design on the bone defect restoration according to the preset restoration design data and acquiring the patient's three-dimensional bone data in real time, wherein the repair design is used to repair the difference between the bone defect restoration and the patient's own bone structure, and the three-dimensional bone data includes bone morphology data, bone structure data and bone density data;

[0014] S4, constructs a three-dimensional model of bone defect based on the acquired three-dimensional bone data and performs bone defect simulation surgery, while predicting and optimizing the implantation position, direction and angle of the bone defect repair body. The three-dimensional model of bone defect is used to visualize the position of the bone defect repair body and the relationship between the tissues surrounding the bone tumor.

[0015] Optionally, the specific steps of constructing the bone defect repair body are:

[0016] Designing a corresponding virtual restoration according to the results of the disease assessment and in combination with preset restoration factors, wherein the preset restoration factors include the matching degree of the surrounding bones, mechanical stability and biocompatibility;

[0017] Determine the implantation position, direction and angle of the virtual prosthesis at the bone defect site by using the obtained restoration conformity coefficient and combining the results of the structural evaluation. The restoration conformity coefficient is used to measure the degree of conformity between the virtual prosthesis and the bone defect site.

[0018] Performing a virtual simulation operation on the virtual prosthesis and pre-evaluating the implantation effect of the virtual prosthesis, wherein the pre-evaluation is used to obtain a numerical description corresponding to the fusion status of the virtual prosthesis and the bone defect;

[0019] Based on the preliminary evaluation results, the virtual restoration is optimized to construct a bone defect restoration until the preset implantation effect is met.

[0020] Optionally, the specific steps of obtaining the repair compliance coefficient include:

[0021] Comparing the surface morphology of the virtual restoration with the surface morphology of the bone defect to obtain morphological difference data, wherein the morphological difference data includes shape data and curvature data, and the curvature data is used to numerically describe the curvature degree of the bone defect surface;

[0022] Analyzing and comparing the degree of matching between the volume of the virtual restoration and the volume of the bone defect and judging whether the virtual restoration completely fills the bone defect area in combination with a preset volume difference, wherein the preset volume difference represents the maximum allowable volume between the virtual restoration and the bone defect;

[0023] Obtaining stress distribution values ​​after the virtual prosthesis is implanted in the bone defect and evaluating the stress condition of the virtual prosthesis, while evaluating the mechanical support effect of the virtual prosthesis on the bone defect, wherein the stress distribution values ​​include a maximum allowable stress value and a minimum allowable stress value;

[0024] The repair conformity coefficient is obtained by combining the morphological difference data, the results of the analysis and comparison, and the results of the evaluation. The repair conformity coefficient is calculated by the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] Wherein, j is the number of the bone defect site of the patient, j = 1, 2, ..., X, X is the total number of bone defect sites of the patient, ji is the number of the virtual restoration corresponding to the jth bone defect site of the patient, ji = j.1, j.2, ..., jY, jY is the total number of virtual restorations corresponding to the jth bone defect site of the patient, YP j.i represents the restoration compliance coefficient of the i-th virtual restoration corresponding to the j-th bone defect of the patient, e is a natural constant, and a 1 Indicates the weight of the relative deviation of the curvature data relative to the repair compliance coefficient, A j.irepresents the curvature data of the i-th virtual restoration corresponding to the j-th bone defect of the patient, ΔA represents the reference deviation of the curvature data, represents the average curvature data, a 2 It represents the weight of the relative volume deviation relative to the repair compliance coefficient. represents the volume of the i-th virtual restoration corresponding to the j-th bone defect of the patient, represents the volume corresponding to the jth bone defect, ΔB represents the preset volume difference, and a 3 Indicates the weight of the relative deviation of the stress distribution value relative to the repair compliance coefficient, represents the maximum allowable stress value of the i-th virtual restoration corresponding to the j-th bone defect of the patient, represents the minimum allowable stress value of the ith virtual restoration corresponding to the jth bone defect site of the patient, and ΔC represents the reference deviation of the stress value corresponding to the bone defect site of the patient.

[0027] Optionally, the specific steps of evaluating the stress condition of the virtual restoration are:

[0028] generating a stress distribution map according to the stress condition of the virtual restoration, wherein the stress distribution map is used to visualize the stress concentration area where stress occurs between the virtual restoration and the surrounding bones;

[0029] Analyze the gradient change of the intersection between the virtual restoration and the bone defect in the stress concentration area to obtain the stress transmission and dispersion;

[0030] Combined with the transmission and dispersion of stress, the abnormal stress areas in the stress distribution diagram are identified and marked, and corresponding solutions are formulated.

[0031] Optionally, the specific steps of acquiring the three-dimensional skeleton data include:

[0032] Positioning and calibrating the patient's bone surface by using a bone fixator to obtain two-dimensional bone information, wherein the two-dimensional bone information includes geometric shape information and texture information;

[0033] Generate a three-dimensional bone image by combining two-dimensional bone information, wherein the three-dimensional bone image is used to visualize the morphological characteristics and structural characteristics of the bone;

[0034] Extracting key information data from the three-dimensional bone image and aligning it with the preset restoration design data, wherein the key information data is used to describe the morphological information, structural information and density information of the bone;

[0035] The bone defect restoration is designed based on the results of the registration and alignment, and the patient's three-dimensional bone data is obtained in combination with the bone matching index. The bone matching index is used to measure the degree of matching between key information data and the three-dimensional bone data.

[0036] Optionally, the specific steps of obtaining the bone matching index are:

[0037] Analyze the three-dimensional bone image and extract the internal structure data of the bone from the three-dimensional bone image, wherein the internal structure data includes the shape data of the bone marrow cavity and the porosity data of the bone;

[0038] Combine the extracted key information data to spatially align the internal structure data of the bone with the three-dimensional data of the bone;

[0039] Performing feature point matching on the three-dimensional skeleton data and the key information data within a preset time period until the acquired skeleton matching index is equal to the preset skeleton matching index, otherwise the feature point matching will be performed again, wherein the feature point matching means registering and aligning the corner points and edge points in the key information data and the three-dimensional skeleton data;

[0040] The bone matching index is calculated by the following formula:

[0041]

[0042] Where m is the number of feature point matching, m = 1, 2, ..., M, M is the total number of feature point matching, FP m Represents the bone matching index of the mth feature point matching, e is a natural constant, μ 1 The correction factor representing the relative deviation of the bone morphology data, Indicates the bone morphology reference data corresponding to the mth feature point matching, represents the bone morphology data in the corresponding bone 3D data of the mth feature point matching, ΔD represents the bone morphology reference data, μ 2 A correction factor representing the relative deviation of the bone structure data, Indicates the bone structure reference data corresponding to the mth feature point matching, represents the bone structure data in the corresponding bone 3D data of the mth feature point matching, ΔE represents the bone structure reference data, μ 3 The correction factor representing the relative deviation of bone density data, Indicates the bone density reference data corresponding to the mth feature point matching It represents the bone density data in the three-dimensional bone data corresponding to the m-th feature point matching, and ΔP represents the bone density reference data.

[0043] Optionally, the specific steps of constructing the three-dimensional bone defect model include:

[0044] The acquired three-dimensional bone data is standardized to obtain the three-dimensional data of the bone defect site and imported into the medical image processing software;

[0045] Encoding the patient's bone tissue and the bone defect site and performing edge detection according to an edge detection index until the edge detection result meets a preset edge detection index, wherein the edge detection is used to detect the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect site, and the edge detection index is used to measure the matching degree between the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect site;

[0046] The three-dimensional data of the bone defect site was compared and verified with the preset medical imaging data, and a three-dimensional model of the bone defect was constructed using a three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm.

[0047] Optionally, the specific method for obtaining the edge detection index is:

[0048] According to the result of edge detection, pixel points belonging to edge points in the bone defect part are obtained and marked to obtain a boundary fit coefficient and a boundary similarity coefficient, wherein the boundary fit coefficient represents the ratio of the deviation of the boundary fit to the corresponding reference deviation, and the boundary fit is used to measure the degree of fit between the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect part, and the boundary similarity coefficient represents the ratio of the deviation of the boundary similarity to the corresponding reference deviation, and the boundary similarity is used to measure the degree of similarity between the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect part;

[0049] The edge detection index is obtained based on the obtained boundary matching coefficient and boundary similarity coefficient and combined with the boundary accuracy and detection environment index. The boundary accuracy is used to measure the accuracy between the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect site, and the detection environment index is used to quantify the influence of the environmental conditions of edge detection on edge detection.

[0050] Optionally, the specific process of the bone defect simulation surgery includes:

[0051] Import the constructed three-dimensional bone defect model into the medical simulation environment, plan the bone defect simulation surgical path according to the location, size and shape of the bone defect, and formulate the corresponding bone defect simulation surgical plan;

[0052] A simulated surgical operation is performed according to the bone defect simulated surgical plan and a simulated evaluation is conducted to determine the feasibility of the simulated surgical operation. The simulated evaluation includes checking the stability of the implanted bone defect prosthesis, the repair condition of the bone defect site and the physiological response of the patient's bone tissue.

[0053] Tumor-type bone defect reconstruction system, including: bone defect information acquisition module, bone defect repair body construction module, bone three-dimensional data acquisition module and bone defect surgery simulation module;

[0054] The bone defect information acquisition module is used to evaluate the patient's condition to obtain bone defect information, wherein the condition evaluation is used to quantify the severity of the patient's bone tumor and the patient's physical condition, and the bone defect information includes the location information and infiltration range information of the bone defect;

[0055] The bone defect repair body construction module is used to perform a structural assessment on the anatomical structure of the patient's bone tumor through modern medical imaging and to construct a bone defect repair body in combination with the corresponding bone defect information. The structural assessment is used to determine the structure and implantation position of the bone defect repair body.

[0056] The bone three-dimensional data acquisition module is used to perform a repair design on a bone defect prosthesis according to preset prosthesis design data and acquire the patient's bone three-dimensional data in real time, wherein the repair design is used to repair the difference between the bone defect prosthesis and the patient's own bone structure, and the bone three-dimensional data includes bone morphology data, bone structure data and bone density data;

[0057] The bone defect surgery simulation module is used to construct a three-dimensional bone defect model based on the acquired three-dimensional bone data and perform bone defect simulation surgery, while predicting and optimizing the implantation position, direction and angle of the bone defect repair body. The three-dimensional bone defect model is used to visualize the position of the bone defect repair body and the relationship between the tissues surrounding the bone tumor.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0059] 1. The above scheme obtains bone defect information and constructs a bone defect prosthesis by evaluating the patient's condition, then designs the bone defect prosthesis according to the preset prosthesis design data and obtains the patient's three-dimensional bone data in real time, and finally constructs a three-dimensional bone defect model according to the acquired three-dimensional bone data and performs a bone defect simulation surgery, while predicting and optimizing the implantation position, direction and angle of the bone defect prosthesis, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the bone defect simulation surgery, and further improving the accuracy of the bone defect prosthesis construction, effectively solving the problem of low accuracy of bone defect prosthesis construction in the prior art.

[0060] 2. The above scheme designs a corresponding virtual prosthesis according to the results of the disease assessment and in combination with the preset prosthesis factors, and determines the implantation position, direction and angle of the virtual prosthesis at the bone defect site in combination with the results of the structural assessment. The virtual prosthesis is then subjected to a virtual simulated surgery and the implantation effect of the virtual prosthesis is pre-evaluated. Finally, based on the results of the pre-evaluation, the virtual prosthesis is repaired and optimized to construct a bone defect prosthesis until the preset implantation effect is met, thereby achieving a more accurate pre-evaluation of the virtual prosthesis and further achieving a more accurate construction of the bone defect prosthesis.

[0061] 3. The above scheme obtains the three-dimensional data of the bone defect site by standardizing the acquired three-dimensional bone data and importing it into the medical image processing software, then encodes the patient's bone tissue and the bone defect site and performs edge detection according to the edge detection index until the edge detection result meets the preset edge detection index, finally compares and verifies the three-dimensional data of the bone defect site with the preset medical imaging data and constructs a three-dimensional model of the bone defect using a three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm, thereby achieving improved edge detection accuracy, and further achieving improved accuracy and reliability of the three-dimensional bone defect model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0063] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for reconstructing a tumor-type bone defect provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 2 A flowchart for constructing a bone defect repair body provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Figure 3 A flowchart for constructing a three-dimensional bone defect model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tumor-type bone defect reconstruction system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "one", "one" or "the" do not indicate a quantitative limitation, but indicate the existence of at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0069] It should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. used in the present invention are only used to indicate relative position relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative position relationship may also change accordingly.

[0070] In order to solve the problem of low accuracy in constructing bone defect repair bodies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for reconstructing tumor-type bone defects. Bone defect information is obtained by evaluating the patient's condition, and the anatomical structure of the patient's bone tumor is structurally evaluated through modern medical imaging, and a bone defect repair body is constructed in combination with the corresponding bone defect information. The bone defect repair body is then repaired and designed according to preset repair body design data, and the patient's three-dimensional bone data is obtained in real time. Subsequently, a three-dimensional bone defect model is constructed according to the obtained three-dimensional bone data, and a bone defect simulation surgery is performed. Finally, the implantation position, direction and angle of the bone defect repair body are predicted and optimized, thereby achieving the effect of improving the accuracy of bone defect repair body construction.

[0071] like Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for reconstructing a tumor-type bone defect provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0072] S1, perform a condition assessment on the patient to obtain bone defect information. The condition assessment is used to quantify the severity of the patient's bone tumor and the patient's physical condition. The bone defect information includes the location information and infiltration range information of the bone defect;

[0073] S2, the anatomical structure of the patient's bone tumor is evaluated through modern medical imaging and the bone defect prosthesis is constructed in combination with the corresponding bone defect information. The structural evaluation is used to determine the structure and implantation position of the bone defect prosthesis;

[0074] S3, performing a repair design for the bone defect restoration according to the preset restoration design data and acquiring the patient's three-dimensional bone data in real time, wherein the repair design is used to repair the difference between the bone defect restoration and the patient's own bone structure, and the three-dimensional bone data includes bone morphology data, bone structure data and bone density data;

[0075] S4, a three-dimensional bone defect model is constructed based on the acquired three-dimensional bone data and a bone defect simulation surgery is performed. At the same time, the implantation position, direction and angle of the bone defect prosthesis are predicted and optimized. The three-dimensional bone defect model is used to visualize the position of the bone defect prosthesis and the relationship between the tissues surrounding the bone tumor.

[0076] In this embodiment, the condition assessment aims to quantitatively assess the severity of the patient's bone tumor and the patient's physical condition. The doctor will comprehensively assess the patient's condition by asking about the medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests and modern medical imaging examinations. These assessments not only involve the size, shape and location of the tumor, but also pay attention to whether the tumor has infiltrated the surrounding tissues and whether it has affected blood vessels and nerves. At the same time, the patient's physical condition is also an important part of the assessment (including the patient's age, nutritional status, and cardiopulmonary function), which will affect the risk of surgery and the accurate construction of the skeletal three-dimensional model. When determining the shape and size of the restoration, the doctor needs to comprehensively consider multiple factors (such as the bone mass, bone density, and the condition of the surrounding tissues at the defect site) and use three-dimensional reconstruction technology on the computer to obtain the restoration. Simulate the three-dimensional structure of the defect and then design a prosthesis that perfectly matches the defect. This can not only improve the stability of the prosthesis, but also reduce trauma and risks during the operation. In addition, the choice of implantation position also needs to be carefully considered. The doctor needs to ensure that the prosthesis can be accurately implanted into the defect and form a good combination with the surrounding bone tissue. The tissues surrounding the bone tumor mainly include bone tissue, cartilage tissue, fibrous tissue, adipose tissue, hematopoietic tissue, neural tissue and undifferentiated reticuloendothelial structure adjacent to the bone tumor. These tissues may be in direct contact or adjacent to the tumor, and thus be affected by the bone tumor or produce corresponding reactions, which helps to formulate targeted treatment plans and improve the accuracy of bone defect prosthesis construction.

[0077] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a flowchart of constructing a bone defect repair body provided in an embodiment of the present application. The specific steps of constructing the bone defect repair body are as follows:

[0078] Design the corresponding virtual restoration based on the results of the disease assessment and in combination with the preset restoration factors, including the matching degree of the surrounding bones, mechanical stability and biocompatibility;

[0079] The implantation position, direction and angle of the virtual prosthesis in the bone defect are determined by the obtained restoration conformity coefficient and the results of the structural evaluation. The restoration conformity coefficient is used to measure the degree of fit between the virtual prosthesis and the bone defect.

[0080] Perform virtual simulation surgery on the virtual prosthesis and pre-evaluate the implantation effect of the virtual prosthesis, the pre-evaluation is used to obtain a numerical description of the fusion status of the virtual prosthesis and the bone defect;

[0081] Based on the preliminary evaluation results, the virtual restoration is optimized to construct a bone defect restoration until the preset implantation effect is met.

[0082] In this embodiment, mechanical stability indicates that the prosthesis needs to withstand various mechanical loads in daily life (such as the pressure generated by walking and running). Therefore, in the process of prosthesis design, the doctor needs to use the principles and methods of engineering to optimize the structure of the prosthesis, and the materials used in the prosthesis need to have good biocompatibility, that is, no rejection reaction with human tissue, and can be gradually accepted and integrated by the human body. When selecting the prosthesis material, the biocompatibility, degradation rate and toxicity of the material will be fully considered to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the prosthesis. Then, computer-aided design software is used to design a corresponding virtual prosthesis based on the results of the disease assessment and the preset prosthesis factors. This virtual prosthesis can be displayed and simulated on the computer in three dimensions. If the performance of the virtual prosthesis meets the expected requirements, the doctor can perform actual prosthesis manufacturing and surgical operations according to this design plan; the structural evaluation usually includes a comprehensive analysis of the anatomical structure of the bone defect site, the matching degree of the surrounding bones, the mechanical stability and biocompatibility, wherein the surrounding bones mainly include the bone tissue adjacent to the defect site, specifically involving The bones involved depend on the location of the defect. For example, if the bone defect occurs in the tibia, the surrounding bones may include the fibula, the lower end of the femur at the knee joint, and the tarsal bones at the ankle joint. If the defect occurs in the skull, the surrounding bones may include the adjacent skull plate and other skull structures. These surrounding bones not only provide support and protection for the defect, but may also participate in the regeneration and repair of the defect. Therefore, in practical applications, doctors need to fully consider the situation of the surrounding bones to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the treatment. Pre-evaluation refers to a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the fusion of the virtual prosthesis with the bone defect, which includes but is not limited to the evaluation of the matching degree between the shape, size, and surface texture characteristics of the prosthesis and the bone defect, as well as the prediction of the mechanical stability and biocompatibility of the prosthesis after implantation. Secondly, through numerical description, pre-evaluation can convert these complex fusion situations into specific and quantifiable data. These numerical descriptions usually include the fit index, mechanical stability coefficient, and biocompatibility score between the prosthesis and the bone defect, thus achieving the precise fusion of the bone defect prosthesis with the bone defect.

[0083] Furthermore, finite element analysis is used to simulate the performance of the three-dimensionally reconstructed bone structure under a preset stress condition, and the corresponding stability and functional recovery degree are predicted, and then the simulation results are compared with the expected effect to obtain the repair compliance coefficient. In addition to obtaining the repair compliance coefficient through the above finite element analysis method, it can also be obtained and calculated through the following methods and formulas: The specific steps for obtaining the repair compliance coefficient include:

[0084] Comparing the surface morphology of the virtual restoration with the surface morphology of the bone defect to obtain morphological difference data, the morphological difference data includes shape data and curvature data, and the curvature data is used to numerically describe the curvature degree of the bone defect surface;

[0085] The matching degree between the volume of the virtual restoration and the volume of the bone defect is analyzed and compared, and combined with the preset volume difference, it is judged whether the virtual restoration completely fills the bone defect area. The preset volume difference represents the maximum allowable volume between the virtual restoration and the bone defect;

[0086] Obtain the stress distribution value after the virtual prosthesis is implanted in the bone defect and evaluate the stress condition of the virtual prosthesis, and at the same time evaluate the mechanical support effect of the virtual prosthesis on the bone defect. The stress distribution value includes the maximum allowable stress value and the minimum allowable stress value;

[0087] The repair compliance coefficient is obtained by combining the morphological difference data, the results of the analysis and comparison, and the results of the evaluation. The repair compliance coefficient is calculated using the following formula:

[0088]

[0089] Wherein, j is the number of the bone defect site of the patient, j = 1, 2, ..., X, X is the total number of bone defect sites of the patient, ji is the number of the virtual restoration corresponding to the jth bone defect site of the patient, ji = j.1, j.2, ..., jY, jY is the total number of virtual restorations corresponding to the jth bone defect site of the patient, YP j.i represents the restoration compliance coefficient of the i-th virtual restoration corresponding to the j-th bone defect of the patient, e is a natural constant, and a 1 Indicates the weight of the relative deviation of the curvature data relative to the repair compliance coefficient, A j.i represents the curvature data of the i-th virtual restoration corresponding to the j-th bone defect of the patient, ΔA represents the reference deviation of the curvature data, represents the average curvature data, a 2 It represents the weight of the relative volume deviation relative to the repair compliance coefficient. represents the volume of the i-th virtual restoration corresponding to the j-th bone defect of the patient, represents the volume corresponding to the jth bone defect, ΔB represents the preset volume difference, and a 3 Indicates the weight of the relative deviation of the stress distribution value relative to the repair compliance coefficient, represents the maximum allowable stress value of the i-th virtual restoration corresponding to the j-th bone defect of the patient, represents the minimum allowable stress value of the ith virtual restoration corresponding to the jth bone defect site of the patient, and ΔC represents the reference deviation of the stress value corresponding to the bone defect site of the patient.

[0090] In this embodiment, the shape data describes the geometric difference between the virtual restoration and the bone defect at the macro level. For example, the shape matching degree between the restoration and the defect is evaluated by calculating the size parameters (such as length, width, and height) of the restoration and the defect. The curvature data is a key indicator for numerically describing the curvature degree of the bone defect surface and the restoration surface. Among them, the curvature describes the curvature degree of the surface at any point. It is helpful for evaluating the matching degree between the restoration and the defect at the micro level and understanding whether the restoration can fit closely to the complex surface morphology of the defect. In actual applications, the preset volume difference is usually a threshold value, which is used to determine whether the volume difference between the virtual restoration and the bone defect is within an acceptable range. If the actual volume difference exceeds this threshold, the design of the restoration may need to be adjusted. In addition, the evaluation of the mechanical support effect usually involves the analysis of the stability and deformation of the restoration when bearing load, as well as the protective effect on the surrounding bone tissue, so as to achieve more accurate acquisition of the restoration compliance coefficient.

[0091] Furthermore, the specific steps for evaluating the stress condition of the virtual restoration are as follows:

[0092] Generate a stress distribution map based on the stress condition of the virtual restoration, and use the stress distribution map to visualize the stress concentration area where the virtual restoration and the surrounding bones generate stress;

[0093] Analyze the gradient change of the intersection between the virtual restoration and the bone defect in the stress concentration area to obtain the stress transmission and dispersion;

[0094] Combined with the transmission and dispersion of stress, the abnormal stress areas in the stress distribution diagram are identified and marked, and corresponding solutions are formulated.

[0095] In this embodiment, the stress distribution map is a visualization tool that can intuitively display the stress distribution between the virtual restoration and the surrounding bones. In the stress distribution map, different colors and different gray levels are usually used to represent stress values ​​of different sizes, so that the stress concentration area can be clearly identified. Among them, the stress concentration area is the area with large stress at the junction of the restoration and the bone defect. These areas are prone to stress concentration when subjected to force. By analyzing the gradient changes at the junction of the virtual restoration and the bone defect in the stress concentration area, the transmission and dispersion of stress can be understood. The gradient change reflects the rate of change of the stress value in space. In the stress concentration area, if the gradient changes greatly, it means that the stress changes rapidly in this area, and there may be a stress peak or a stress mutation point. Therefore, By analyzing the gradient changes, we can understand how stress is transferred from the restoration to the surrounding bones and how the stress is dispersed during the transfer process. By comparing the stress levels in different areas, we can also identify abnormal stress areas. For abnormally high stress areas, we can adjust their structure to reduce stress concentration, select materials with higher strength and better toughness to enhance the bearing capacity of the restoration, or improve the contact method between the restoration and the surrounding bones to increase the contact area and stability. For abnormally low stress areas, we can try to increase the connection strength between the restoration and the bone defect, such as using a tighter fixation method. We can also consider adjusting the elastic modulus of the material to make it more compatible with the surrounding bones to improve the transfer and dispersion of stress, thereby achieving a more accurate assessment of the stress condition of the virtual restoration.

[0096] Furthermore, the specific steps of obtaining the three-dimensional bone data include:

[0097] Positioning and calibrating the patient's bone surface by using a bone fixator to obtain two-dimensional bone information, where the two-dimensional bone information includes geometric shape information and texture information;

[0098] A three-dimensional bone image is generated by combining two-dimensional bone information, and the three-dimensional bone image is used to visualize the morphological and structural characteristics of the bone;

[0099] Extract key information data from the three-dimensional bone image and align it with the preset restoration design data. The key information data is used to describe the morphological information, structural information and density information of the bone;

[0100] The bone defect restoration is designed based on the results of the registration and alignment, and the patient's three-dimensional bone data is obtained in combination with the bone matching index. The bone matching index is used to measure the degree of matching between key information data and the three-dimensional bone data.

[0101] In this embodiment, after positioning and calibration are completed, corresponding imaging equipment (such as X-ray machine, CT scanner) is used to scan and obtain the patient's two-dimensional bone information. These two-dimensional images not only contain the geometric shape information of the bones (such as length, width, curvature), but also contain texture information (such as density distribution on the bone surface, arrangement of trabeculae). By analyzing these two-dimensional images, the detailed conditions of the patient's bones (such as the location and degree of fracture, the size and shape of bone defects) can be understood. This information helps doctors to formulate more accurate and personalized surgical plans; these two-dimensional images are superimposed and reconstructed using a three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm to generate a three-dimensional image of the bone. This process usually involves image registration, interpolation, and filtering. The generated three-dimensional bone image usually has a high degree of realism and stereoscopic effect, and can clearly show the surface morphology, internal structure and relationship between different parts of the bone. By adjusting the viewing angle, lighting and color of the image, the morphological characteristics of the bone (such as the direction of the fracture line, the size and position of the bone defect) can be observed from different angles and levels. In addition, the three-dimensional bone image can also be used to quantitatively analyze the morphological and structural parameters of the bone (such as volume, surface area, curvature), thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the three-dimensional bone data.

[0102] Furthermore, three-dimensional image data of the patient's bone defect and surrounding bones are obtained through medical imaging scanning equipment, and then the images are segmented, denoised and three-dimensionally reconstructed using computer image processing technology to generate an accurate three-dimensional model of the defective bone and surrounding bones. Finally, the model of the defective part is aligned with the model of the alternative restoration through registration technology to obtain the bone matching index; in addition to obtaining the bone matching index through the above three-dimensional reconstruction and registration technology, it can also be obtained and calculated through the following methods and formulas: The specific steps for obtaining the bone matching index are:

[0103] Analyze the three-dimensional bone image and extract the internal structure data of the bone from the three-dimensional bone image, wherein the internal structure data includes the shape data of the bone marrow cavity and the porosity data of the bone;

[0104] Combine the extracted key information data to spatially align the internal structure data of the bone with the three-dimensional data of the bone;

[0105] The three-dimensional skeleton data and the key information data are matched with feature points within a preset time period until the acquired skeleton matching index is equal to the preset skeleton matching index, otherwise the feature point matching is performed again. The feature point matching means that the corner points and edge points in the key information data and the three-dimensional skeleton data are aligned;

[0106] The bone matching index is calculated using the following formula:

[0107]

[0108] Where m is the number of feature point matching, m = 1, 2, ..., M, M is the total number of feature point matching, FP m Represents the bone matching index of the mth feature point matching, e is a natural constant, μ 1 The correction factor representing the relative deviation of the bone morphology data, Indicates the bone morphology reference data corresponding to the mth feature point matching, represents the bone morphology data in the corresponding bone 3D data of the mth feature point matching, ΔD represents the bone morphology reference data, μ 2 A correction factor representing the relative deviation of the bone structure data, Indicates the bone structure reference data corresponding to the mth feature point matching, represents the bone structure data in the corresponding bone 3D data of the mth feature point matching, ΔE represents the bone structure reference data, μ 3 The correction factor representing the relative deviation of bone density data, Indicates the bone density reference data corresponding to the mth feature point matching, It represents the bone density data in the three-dimensional bone data corresponding to the m-th feature point matching, and ΔP represents the bone density reference data.

[0109] In this embodiment, before performing spatial alignment, it is necessary to determine a suitable coordinate system or reference frame so as to compare and match the internal structure data and the three-dimensional data in a unified space. Then, through a series of transformation operations (such as rotation, translation and scaling), the internal structure data and the three-dimensional data are aligned in space to achieve the best state. In this process, the key information data not only provides the precise reference points or features required for alignment, but can also be used to optimize the alignment process to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the results. For example, the specific morphological features of the bone surface or the key tissue distribution in the internal structure can be used as the basis for alignment. After the spatial alignment is completed, the internal structure data of the bone is consistent with the position and direction of the three-dimensional data of the bone. Doctors or researchers can obtain a more complete and accurate bone data model. This model not only includes the surface morphology and three-dimensional structure of the bone, but also reveals its internal complex structure and tissue relationship, so that doctors can have a deeper understanding of the physiological and pathological state of the bone and achieve more accurate acquisition of the bone matching index.

[0110] Further, such as Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a flow chart of constructing a three-dimensional bone defect model provided in an embodiment of the present application. The specific steps of constructing the three-dimensional bone defect model include:

[0111] The acquired three-dimensional bone data is standardized to obtain the three-dimensional data of the bone defect site and imported into the medical image processing software;

[0112] Encoding the patient's bone tissue and bone defect site and performing edge detection according to edge detection indicators until the edge detection result meets the preset edge detection indicators, the edge detection is used to detect the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect site, and the edge detection indicator is used to measure the matching degree between the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect site;

[0113] The three-dimensional data of the bone defect site was compared and verified with the preset medical imaging data, and a three-dimensional model of the bone defect was constructed using a three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm.

[0114] In this embodiment, after the edge detection is completed, the detection result needs to be evaluated according to the preset edge detection indicators (such as edge clarity, continuity, and positioning accuracy), and is performed by using objective indicators (such as edge detection accuracy and recall rate) or subjective evaluation (such as expert review). If the edge detection result does not meet the preset indicators, it is necessary to readjust the parameters of the edge detection algorithm and re-perform edge detection. This process may require multiple iterations until a satisfactory edge detection result is achieved; the specific steps of comparative verification include: using image registration technology to align the three-dimensional data of the bone defect site with the preset medical imaging data to eliminate the differences caused by scanning conditions and patient posture; comparing the bone defect site Quantitative indicators (such as volume, surface area) or qualitative descriptions (such as morphological similarity) are usually used for comparison with the morphological features in the preset data (such as size, shape, and position); statistical analysis is performed based on the comparison results to evaluate the degree and significance of the difference between the bone defect site and the preset data; then, according to the characteristics and needs of the bone defect site, a suitable three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm is selected, which may involve voxel reconstruction, surface reconstruction, and machine learning-based reconstruction methods, and the selected three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm is applied to construct a three-dimensional model of the bone defect using the three-dimensional data of the bone defect site, which usually involves post-processing steps such as smoothing, hole filling, and detail enhancement, thereby improving the accuracy and visualization of the three-dimensional bone defect model.

[0115] Furthermore, the specific method for obtaining the edge detection index is:

[0116] According to the result of edge detection, pixel points belonging to edge points in the bone defect are obtained and marked to obtain a boundary fit coefficient and a boundary similarity coefficient. The boundary fit coefficient represents the ratio of the deviation of the boundary fit to the corresponding reference deviation. The boundary fit is used to measure the degree of fit between the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect. The boundary similarity coefficient represents the ratio of the deviation of the boundary similarity to the corresponding reference deviation. The boundary similarity is used to measure the degree of similarity between the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect.

[0117] The edge detection index is obtained based on the obtained boundary matching coefficient and boundary similarity coefficient and combined with the boundary accuracy and detection environment index. The boundary accuracy is used to measure the accuracy between the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect site. The detection environment index is used to quantify the influence of the environmental conditions of edge detection on edge detection.

[0118] In this embodiment, before obtaining the boundary fit coefficient and the boundary similarity coefficient, it also includes: edge detection post-processing: applying the selected edge detection algorithm to process the medical image of the bone defect site, obtaining the edge detection result and performing denoising, removing the non-real edge points caused by noise or algorithm error, and at the same time refining the edge to ensure that each edge point accurately represents the boundary of the bone defect site; edge point pixel marking: extracting the pixel points belonging to the edge of the bone defect site from the edge detection result and marking them, usually using different colors, labels or values ​​to identify these points, and then adding the marking information to the original medical image; the specific steps for obtaining the boundary fit coefficient are: obtaining a reference boundary, which is usually based on the gold standard boundary annotated by experts, or from other reliable medical For each edge point detected in the boundary obtained from the image data, the distance between it and the nearest point on the reference boundary is calculated by a machine learning algorithm, all distances are counted, and a comprehensive fit coefficient is calculated, for example, by calculating the average distance, the maximum distance, or a weighted score based on the distance; the specific steps for obtaining the boundary similarity coefficient are: extracting features (such as shape, curvature, direction) from the detected edge points and the reference boundary, using a similarity measurement method (such as Euclidean distance, dynamic time warping) to calculate the similarity between the detected edge and the reference boundary, and obtaining the boundary similarity coefficient based on the similarity measurement result; then combining the boundary accuracy and the detection environment index to obtain the edge detection index. In addition to obtaining the edge detection index by the above method, it can also be analyzed by the following formula:

[0119]

[0120] Where r is the number of edge detections, r = 1, 2, ..., R, R is the total number of edge detections, WI r represents the edge detection index corresponding to the rth edge detection, e is a natural constant, U r Indicates the boundary fit corresponding to the rth edge detection, U 0 represents the preset boundary fit, ΔU represents the boundary fit reference deviation, γ 1 The correction factor for the relative deviation of boundary fit, S r represents the boundary similarity corresponding to the rth edge detection, S 0 represents the preset boundary similarity, ΔS represents the boundary similarity reference deviation, γ 2Represents the correction factor of the relative deviation of boundary similarity, H r represents the boundary accuracy corresponding to the rth edge detection, H 0 represents the preset boundary accuracy, ΔH represents the boundary accuracy reference deviation, V r represents the detection environment index corresponding to the rth edge detection, V 0 Represents the preset indicators of the detection environment; it achieves the improvement of edge detection accuracy and reliability.

[0121] Furthermore, the specific process of bone defect simulation surgery includes:

[0122] Import the constructed three-dimensional bone defect model into the medical simulation environment, plan the bone defect simulation surgical path according to the location, size and shape of the bone defect, and formulate the corresponding bone defect simulation surgical plan;

[0123] According to the bone defect simulation surgery plan, simulated surgery is performed and a simulation evaluation is conducted to determine the feasibility of the simulated surgery. The simulation evaluation includes checking the stability of the implanted bone defect prosthesis, the repair of the bone defect site and the physiological response of the patient's bone tissue.

[0124] In this embodiment, the specific steps of surgical path planning include: visualizing the three-dimensional model of the bone defect in a medical simulation environment to comprehensively observe the position, size and shape of the bone defect, analyzing the boundary, depth and surface roughness of the bone defect to understand the severity of the defect and the difficulty of the operation, and then determining the appropriate surgical entry point based on the position and shape of the bone defect, and finally simulating the path of the surgical instruments from the entry point to the bone defect area in the medical simulation environment, taking into account avoiding important blood vessels and nerves; thereby achieving an improvement in the success rate of simulated surgical operations.

[0125] like Figure 4 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tumor-type bone defect reconstruction system provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the tumor-type bone defect reconstruction system provided in an embodiment of the present application comprises: a bone defect information acquisition module, a bone defect repair body construction module, a bone three-dimensional data acquisition module and a bone defect surgery simulation module;

[0126] Among them, the bone defect information acquisition module is used to evaluate the patient's condition and obtain bone defect information. The condition evaluation is used to quantify the severity of the patient's bone tumor and the patient's physical condition. The bone defect information includes the location information and infiltration range information of the bone defect;

[0127] The bone defect repair body construction module is used to evaluate the anatomical structure of the patient's bone tumor through modern medical imaging and to construct a bone defect repair body in combination with the corresponding bone defect information. The structural evaluation is used to determine the structure and implantation position of the bone defect repair body.

[0128] The bone three-dimensional data acquisition module is used to perform a repair design on a bone defect restoration according to preset restoration design data and to acquire the patient's bone three-dimensional data in real time. The repair design is used to repair the difference between the bone defect restoration and the patient's own bone structure. The bone three-dimensional data includes bone morphology data, bone structure data and bone density data.

[0129] The bone defect surgery simulation module is used to construct a three-dimensional bone defect model based on the acquired three-dimensional bone data and perform bone defect simulation surgery, while predicting and optimizing the implantation position, direction and angle of the bone defect prosthesis. The three-dimensional bone defect model is used to visualize the position of the bone defect prosthesis and the relationship between the tissues surrounding the bone tumor.

[0130] In this embodiment, before the repair design is performed, the bone defect repair body is also adjusted according to the preset repair body design. The specific adjustment steps include: comprehensively evaluating the patient's bone defect, including analyzing the size, shape, position of the bone defect and the surrounding bone structure, and obtaining detailed three-dimensional bone defect data through medical imaging technology (such as CT or MRI); comparing the preset repair body design data with the patient's three-dimensional bone defect data to check the shape, size and material of the repair body and the adaptability of the bone defect site; adjusting the shape of the repair body according to the actual shape of the bone defect, which usually involves adjusting the edge, surface structure and overall shape of the repair body; adjusting the size of the repair body according to the size of the bone defect. A repair body that is too large or too small may affect the surgical effect and the patient's recovery; improving the accuracy and stability of the repair design.

[0131] There are a few points to note:

[0132] (1) The drawings of the embodiments of the present invention only relate to the structures related to the embodiments of the present invention, and other structures may refer to the general design.

[0133] (2) For the sake of clarity, in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the layers or regions is exaggerated or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale. It is understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, the element may be "directly" "on" or "under" the other element or there may be intermediate elements.

[0134] (3) In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein may be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0135] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for reconstruction of tumor-type bone defects, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, performing a condition assessment on the patient to obtain bone defect information, wherein the condition assessment is used to quantify the severity of the patient's bone tumor and the patient's physical condition, and the bone defect information includes location information and infiltration range information of the bone defect; S2, performing a structural assessment of the patient's bone tumor anatomy using modern medical imaging and constructing a bone defect prosthesis based on the corresponding bone defect information, wherein the structural assessment is used to determine the structure and implantation position of the bone defect prosthesis; S3, performing a repair design on the bone defect prosthesis according to preset prosthesis design data and acquiring the patient's three-dimensional bone data in real time, wherein the repair design is used to repair the difference between the bone defect prosthesis and the patient's own bone structure, and the three-dimensional bone data includes bone morphology data, bone structure data, and bone density data; S4, constructs a three-dimensional bone defect model based on the acquired three-dimensional bone data and performs bone defect simulation surgery, while predicting and optimizing the implantation position, direction, and angle of the bone defect repair body. The three-dimensional bone defect model is used to visualize the position of the bone defect repair body and the relationship between the tissues surrounding the bone tumor.

2. The method for reconstruction of tumor-type bone defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of constructing the bone defect repair body are: Designing a corresponding virtual restoration based on the results of the condition assessment and in combination with preset restoration factors, wherein the preset restoration factors include the matching degree of the surrounding bones, mechanical stability and biocompatibility; Determining the implantation position, direction, and angle of the virtual prosthesis at the bone defect site by using the obtained restoration conformity coefficient and combining it with the results of the structural assessment. The restoration conformity coefficient is used to measure the degree of fit between the virtual prosthesis and the bone defect site. Performing a virtual simulated surgery on the virtual prosthesis and pre-evaluating the implantation effect of the virtual prosthesis, wherein the pre-evaluation is used to obtain a numerical description corresponding to the fusion status of the virtual prosthesis and the bone defect; Based on the results of the preliminary assessment, the virtual restoration is optimized to construct a bone defect restoration until the preset implantation effect is met.

3. The method for reconstruction of tumor-type bone defects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps of obtaining the repair compliance coefficient include: Comparing the surface morphology of the virtual restoration with the surface morphology of the bone defect to obtain morphological difference data, wherein the morphological difference data includes shape data and curvature data, and the curvature data is used to numerically describe the curvature degree of the bone defect surface; Analyzing and comparing the degree of match between the volume of the virtual restoration and the volume of the bone defect and determining whether the virtual restoration completely fills the bone defect area based on a preset volume difference, wherein the preset volume difference represents the maximum allowable volume between the virtual restoration and the bone defect; Obtaining stress distribution values ​​after the virtual prosthesis is implanted in the bone defect and evaluating the stress condition of the virtual prosthesis, while also evaluating the mechanical support effect of the virtual prosthesis on the bone defect, wherein the stress distribution values ​​include a maximum allowable stress value and a minimum allowable stress value; The restoration conformity coefficient is obtained by combining the morphological difference data, the results of the analysis and comparison, and the results of the evaluation. The restoration conformity coefficient is calculated using the following formula: Where j is the number of the patient's bone defect site, j = 1, 2, ..., X, X is the total number of the patient's bone defect sites, ji is the number of the virtual restoration corresponding to the patient's j-th bone defect site, ji = j.1, j.2, ..., jY, jY is the total number of virtual restorations corresponding to the patient's j-th bone defect site, YP j.i represents the restoration compliance coefficient of the i-th virtual restoration corresponding to the j-th bone defect site of the patient, e is a natural constant, a1 represents the weight of the relative deviation of the curvature data relative to the restoration compliance coefficient, A j.i represents the curvature data of the i-th virtual restoration corresponding to the j-th bone defect of the patient, ΔA represents the reference deviation of the curvature data, represents the average curvature data, a2 represents the weight of the volume relative deviation relative to the repair compliance coefficient, represents the volume of the i-th virtual restoration corresponding to the j-th bone defect of the patient, represents the volume corresponding to the jth bone defect, ΔB represents the preset volume difference, a3 represents the weight of the relative deviation of the stress distribution value relative to the repair compliance coefficient, represents the maximum allowable stress value of the i-th virtual restoration corresponding to the j-th bone defect site of the patient, represents the minimum allowable stress value of the i-th virtual restoration corresponding to the j-th bone defect site of the patient, and ΔC represents the reference deviation of the stress value corresponding to the patient's bone defect site.

4. The method for reconstruction of tumor-type bone defects according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific steps of evaluating the stress condition of the virtual restoration are: generating a stress distribution map based on the stress condition of the virtual restoration, wherein the stress distribution map is used to visualize stress concentration areas where stress occurs between the virtual restoration and the surrounding bones; Analyze the gradient changes at the intersection of the virtual restoration and the bone defect in the stress concentration area to obtain the stress transmission and dispersion; Combined with the stress transmission and dispersion, the abnormal stress areas in the stress distribution diagram are identified and marked, and corresponding solutions are formulated.

5. The method for reconstruction of tumor-type bone defects according to claim 1, wherein: The specific steps of obtaining the three-dimensional skeleton data include: Positioning and calibrating the patient's bone surface using a bone fixator to obtain two-dimensional bone information, wherein the two-dimensional bone information includes geometric shape information and texture information; Generate a three-dimensional bone image by combining two-dimensional bone information, wherein the three-dimensional bone image is used to visualize the morphological and structural characteristics of the bone; Extracting key information data from the three-dimensional bone image and aligning it with the preset restoration design data, wherein the key information data is used to describe the morphological information, structural information, and density information of the bone; The bone defect restoration is designed based on the results of the registration and alignment, and the patient's three-dimensional bone data is obtained in combination with the bone matching index. The bone matching index is used to measure the degree of matching between key information data and the three-dimensional bone data.

6. The method for reconstruction of tumor-type bone defects according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps for obtaining the bone matching index are: Analyzing the three-dimensional bone image and extracting the internal structure data of the bone from the three-dimensional bone image, wherein the internal structure data includes shape data of the bone marrow cavity and porosity data of the bone; Combine the extracted key information data to spatially align the internal structure data of the bone with the three-dimensional bone data; Performing feature point matching on the three-dimensional skeleton data and the key information data within a preset time period until the obtained skeleton matching index is equal to the preset skeleton matching index, otherwise re-performing feature point matching, wherein the feature point matching means aligning the corner points and edge points in the key information data and the three-dimensional skeleton data; The bone matching index is calculated by the following formula: Where m is the number of feature point matching, m = 1, 2, ..., M, M is the total number of feature point matching, FP m represents the bone matching index of the mth feature point matching, e is a natural constant, μ1 represents the correction factor of the relative deviation of the bone morphological data, Indicates the bone morphology reference data corresponding to the mth feature point matching, represents the bone morphology data in the corresponding three-dimensional bone data of the mth feature point matching, ΔD represents the bone morphology reference data, and μ2 represents the correction factor of the relative deviation of the bone structure data. Indicates the bone structure reference data corresponding to the mth feature point matching, represents the bone structure data in the bone 3D data corresponding to the mth feature point matching, ΔE represents the bone structure reference data, μ3 represents the correction factor of the relative deviation of the bone density data, Indicates the bone density reference data corresponding to the mth feature point matching, It represents the bone density data in the three-dimensional bone data corresponding to the m-th feature point matching, and ΔP represents the bone density reference data.

7. The method for reconstruction of tumor-type bone defects according to claim 1, wherein: The specific steps of constructing the three-dimensional bone defect model include: The acquired three-dimensional bone data is standardized to obtain three-dimensional data of the bone defect site and imported into medical image processing software; Encoding the patient's bone tissue and bone defect site and performing edge detection according to an edge detection index until the edge detection result meets a preset edge detection index, wherein the edge detection is used to detect the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect site, and the edge detection index is used to measure the degree of matching between the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect site; The three-dimensional data of the bone defect site is compared and verified with the preset medical imaging data, and a three-dimensional model of the bone defect is constructed using a three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm.

8. The method for reconstruction of tumor-type bone defects according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific method for obtaining the edge detection index is: According to the edge detection results, pixel points belonging to edge points in the bone defect site are obtained and marked to obtain a boundary fit coefficient and a boundary similarity coefficient, wherein the boundary fit coefficient represents the ratio of the deviation of the boundary fit to the corresponding reference deviation, and the boundary fit is used to measure the degree of fit between the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect site. The boundary similarity coefficient represents the ratio of the deviation of the boundary similarity to the corresponding reference deviation, and the boundary similarity is used to measure the degree of similarity between the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect site; The edge detection index is obtained based on the obtained boundary matching coefficient and boundary similarity coefficient and combined with the boundary accuracy and detection environment index. The boundary accuracy is used to measure the accuracy between the boundary of the patient's bone tissue and the boundary of the bone defect site, and the detection environment index is used to quantify the degree of influence of the environmental conditions of edge detection on edge detection.

9. The method for reconstruction of tumor-type bone defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of the bone defect simulation surgery includes: Import the constructed three-dimensional bone defect model into the medical simulation environment, plan the bone defect simulation surgical path according to the location, size and shape of the bone defect, and formulate the corresponding bone defect simulation surgical plan; A simulated surgical operation is performed according to the bone defect simulation surgery plan and a simulated evaluation is conducted to determine the feasibility of the simulated surgical operation. The simulated evaluation includes checking the stability of the implanted bone defect prosthesis, the repair condition of the bone defect site and the physiological response of the patient's bone tissue.

10. A tumor-type bone defect reconstruction system, characterized in that: include: Bone defect information acquisition module, bone defect repair body construction module, bone three-dimensional data acquisition module and bone defect surgery simulation module; The bone defect information acquisition module is used to perform a condition assessment on the patient to obtain bone defect information. The condition assessment is used to quantify the severity of the patient's bone tumor and the patient's physical condition. The bone defect information includes the location information and infiltration range information of the bone defect. The bone defect repair body construction module is used to perform a structural assessment of the anatomical structure of the patient's bone tumor using modern medical imaging and to construct a bone defect repair body in combination with the corresponding bone defect information. The structural assessment is used to determine the structure and implantation position of the bone defect repair body. The skeletal three-dimensional data acquisition module is used to perform a repair design on a bone defect prosthesis according to preset prosthesis design data and acquire the patient's skeletal three-dimensional data in real time. The repair design is used to repair the difference between the bone defect prosthesis and the patient's own skeletal structure. The skeletal three-dimensional data includes skeletal morphology data, skeletal structure data, and skeletal density data. The bone defect surgery simulation module is used to construct a three-dimensional bone defect model based on the acquired three-dimensional bone data and perform bone defect simulation surgery, while predicting and optimizing the implantation position, direction and angle of the bone defect repair body. The bone defect three-dimensional model is used to visualize the position of the bone defect repair body and the relationship between the tissues surrounding the bone tumor.

Images