Circumferentially-distributed multi-path sliding arc igniter and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a circumferentially-distributed multi-path sliding arc igniter and an operation method thereof, and relates to the field of high-end equipment.The center of the circumferentially-distributed multi-path sliding arc igniter is an existing single-path sliding arc igniter which can eject a single sliding arc and ignite small-flow fuel introduced from a first gas inlet, and the multi-path sliding arc is nested on the outer side of the single-path sliding arc igniter; and the generated multi-path sliding arc ignites the high-flow fuel introduced from the third gas inlet. The high-voltage electrodes are arranged in the circumferential direction, multiple paths of sliding arc plasmas are generated, the contact area between the high-voltage electrodes and fuel is increased, meanwhile, the total discharge power of sliding arcs is improved, the ignition capacity of the igniter is remarkably improved, the combustion efficiency is improved, and the high-voltage electrodes can be nested on an original single-path sliding arc igniter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of high-end equipment, and in particular to a circumferentially distributed multi-path sliding arc igniter and an operating method thereof, which are used for igniting a novel zero-carbon burner. Background Art

[0002] Climate change is one of the main threats to the earth's environment, and the carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere from fossil energy sources exacerbates global warming. Currently, the electricity and heat production industry accounts for the highest share of carbon emissions in the country.

[0003] In order to reduce carbon emissions from fossil energy, it is necessary to vigorously develop green new energy, including photovoltaics, wind power, etc. Due to the strong random volatility of wind and solar energy, the low utilization rate of new energy, resulting in waste of resources, so energy storage technology is needed to smooth the peak and fill the valley. Hydrogen energy, as a kind of energy storage technology, has the advantages of being green, efficient, carbon-free, and having a long storage time. It is an important part of the future energy system and will help accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of high-energy-consuming and high-carbon emission industries. However, the large-scale application of hydrogen energy urgently needs to break through low-cost and high-efficiency fuel cell technology and low-cost and safe hydrogen storage and transportation technology. Among them, the poor safety and high cost of hydrogen storage and transportation have become the main difficulties in the development of hydrogen energy.

[0004] As a hydrogen carrier, ammonia has the characteristics of high energy density, low storage and transportation cost, and high safety, and is expected to break through the bottleneck of hydrogen energy development. However, in the application process of ammonia fuel, there are problems such as low flame propagation speed, difficult ignition, poor flame stability, NO x Problems such as high emissions need to be addressed urgently.

[0005] Scholars in this field have conducted in-depth research on the problems of difficult ammonia ignition and poor flame stability, including technologies such as adding fossil fuels to ammonia, adding ammonia to hydrogen, oxygen-enriched combustion, plasma-assisted combustion and staged combustion technology. Among them, adding fossil fuels to ammonia can effectively increase the flame propagation speed of the fuel, but it cannot completely solve the carbon emission problem; ammonia blended with hydrogen combustion can increase the flame propagation speed without additional carbon emissions, but the storage and transportation of hydrogen or online cracking of ammonia to produce hydrogen technology needs further research; oxygen-enriched combustion technology has low difficulty and high cost, which greatly reduces the economy of ammonia combustion and loses its competitive advantage. Plasma can enhance combustion through thermal, chemical and transport effects, effectively reduce ignition delay time and increase flame propagation speed. The patent "A sliding arc plasma flame head in an aircraft engine combustion chamber" is a Chinese patent application with application number CN202111216787.1. The fuel nozzle is located in the cathode sleeve, and a sliding arc discharge is generated at the outlet of the swirler, which improves the outlet temperature field quality and increases the service life of the aircraft engine turbine; the patent "A sliding arc plasma ignition and combustion-supporting head for a small aircraft engine" is a Chinese patent application with application number CN202310867333.3. The Chinese patent application has a more compact structure, which improves the active particles and utilization rate of plasma discharge; the patent "A high-swirl sliding arc exciter based on self-inducing air with internal and external pressure difference", the Chinese patent application with application number CN202311857799.1, its exciter reduces electrode ablation by forming a high-swirl internal flow, increases the contact time and area between the sliding arc and the fuel, but the above are all single-path sliding arc igniters, whose power is limited by the electrode life, the power is not high, the ignition performance is limited, and there is only one sliding arc instantaneously, and the discharge area is small, which cannot meet the ignition of ammonia burners at high flow rates.

[0006] In terms of multi-path sliding arc igniters, the patent "A three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma exciter combining single and double paths", a Chinese patent application with application number CN202110298162.8, has two sets of inner and outer cyclones corresponding to one set of electrodes respectively, which can generate two sliding arcs at the same time, broaden the ignition boundary of the aircraft engine combustion chamber, and improve combustion efficiency; the patent "A variable sliding arc plasma central graded combustion chamber head", a Chinese patent application with application number CN202310426844.1, arranges electrodes in the main combustion stage and the duty stage respectively, generating two sliding arcs. Arc, and the swirler is removable and replaceable, with the advantages of simple structure, high reliability and low consumption; the above two patents are radially graded two-way sliding arcs, and the arc root of the sliding arc moves on the surface, which has a higher lifespan, but the sliding arc has only two paths; the patent "Parallel multi-way sliding arc plasma igniter and scramjet engine", Chinese patent application with application number CN202110894721.1, uses multiple tungsten needle electrodes as multiple discharge anodes to generate multi-way sliding arcs and large-area discharge, which can generate multi-way sliding arcs, but the arc root is maintained on the tip of the tungsten needle, and the electrode life is not high.

[0007] The above-mentioned multi-path sliding arc igniter is limited by the sliding arc power and the life of the igniter, and still cannot meet the ignition requirements of the ammonia burner at high flow rates. It is prone to ammonia escape caused by incomplete combustion, especially when liquid ammonia is introduced into the high-power burner as fuel, which puts higher requirements on the ignition performance of the igniter.

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned sliding arc igniter power, igniter life and ammonia burner ignition problems, the present invention proposes a circumferentially distributed multi-path sliding arc igniter solution, which can effectively solve the problems of difficult ammonia ignition at high flow rate, unstable and insufficient combustion, etc. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a circumferentially distributed multi-path sliding arc igniter to achieve reliable ignition and stable combustion of ammonia in a burner.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0011] A circumferentially distributed multi-channel sliding arc igniter, comprising a single-channel sliding arc igniter, a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a first cyclone, an igniter mounting seat, a multi-channel sliding arc igniter insulating base, a third sleeve, a high-voltage electrode, a shroud, a second cyclone, a low-voltage electrode, a third cyclone, a fourth cyclone and a multi-channel sliding arc, wherein the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode are respectively connected to the high-voltage and low-voltage ends of a power source; the single-channel sliding arc igniter is located at the front end center of the multi-channel sliding arc igniter, is embedded in the first cyclone, and maintains a ventilation channel with the first sleeve and the shroud; the first sleeve and the shroud are respectively mounted on the igniter mounting seat, and the low-voltage electrode is mounted on the point The igniter mounting base is on the igniter mounting base, maintaining a ventilation channel with the deflector, and a second cyclone is arranged in the channel; the multi-way sliding arc igniter insulating base is sleeved on the igniter mounting base, maintaining a ventilation channel with the low-voltage electrode, and a third cyclone is arranged in the channel; the high-voltage electrode is nested on the multi-way sliding arc igniter insulating base, and maintains a discharge distance with the low-voltage electrode; the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode are respectively connected to the high-voltage and low-voltage ends of the power supply; the multi-way sliding arc is located between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode; the third sleeve is sleeved on the multi-way sliding arc igniter insulating base, maintaining a ventilation channel with the multi-way sliding arc igniter base, and a fourth cyclone is arranged in the channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the first air inlet is arranged between the single-way sliding arc igniter and the ventilation channel between the first sleeve; the second air inlet is placed on the cylindrical wall of the second sleeve; the third air inlet is placed on the insulating base of the multi-way sliding arc igniter; the fourth air inlet is placed on the third sleeve; further, the single-way sliding arc igniter, the first sleeve, the second sleeve, the igniter mounting seat, the insulating base of the multi-way sliding arc igniter, the third sleeve, the deflector, and the low-voltage electrode are all kept coaxial.

[0013] Furthermore, the shape of the low-voltage electrode at one end close to the high-voltage electrode presents irregular periodic repetition along the circumferential direction, and the number of periodic repetitions N (2≤N≤10) is consistent with the number of multi-path sliding arcs; the shape of the low-voltage electrode presents that the two ends are far from the high-voltage electrode and the middle is close to the high-voltage electrode within one cycle, so that the sliding arc is generated in the middle position and extinguished at the two end positions.

[0014] Furthermore, the high-voltage electrode is a fan-shaped structure, and the outer surface is a conical surface. Its outer dimensions are consistent with the grooves opened on the insulating base of the multi-way sliding arc igniter. N high-voltage electrodes are distributed along the circumferential direction, and the high-voltage electrodes are insulated from each other through the insulating base of the multi-way sliding arc igniter. The insulating spacing between the high-voltage electrodes is greater than or equal to 15 mm to achieve independent discharge of each high-voltage electrode; the insulating part between the high-voltage electrodes corresponds to the two ends of a repetitive cycle of the low-voltage electrode, so that the sliding arc is extinguished at both ends.

[0015] Furthermore, the high-voltage electrode is connected to a power source via a high-voltage wire placed in a high-voltage cable trough, and the number of high-voltage cable troughs on the insulating base of the multi-channel sliding arc igniter is consistent with the number of high-voltage electrodes.

[0016] Furthermore, the igniter mounting seat is provided with a plurality of air guide holes, which respectively connect the air passage between the second sleeve and the first sleeve and the air passage between the guide cover and the low-voltage electrode.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific operation method of the sliding arc igniter is:

[0018] 1) Open the first air inlet and the second air inlet to introduce ammonia and air respectively, and reach the set flow rate respectively;

[0019] 2) Turn on the power supply of the single-channel sliding arc igniter to reach the set power and ignite the ammonia gas introduced into the first air inlet;

[0020] 3) Open the third air inlet and the fourth air inlet to let in air and ammonia respectively, and reach the set flow rate respectively;

[0021] 4) Turn on the power supply of the multi-channel sliding arc igniter to reach the set power, generate a multi-channel sliding arc, and ignite the ammonia introduced into the fourth air inlet.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The present invention realizes multi-path sliding arc discharge by distributing high-voltage electrodes circumferentially, greatly improves the total power and discharge area of ​​the sliding arc while ensuring sufficient electrode life, and enhances the ignition capability of the sliding arc igniter; the circumferentially distributed electrode structure is compact in structure and can be modified on the original single-path sliding arc igniter, and can also be used in conjunction with the original single-path sliding arc igniter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is an axial view of a circumferentially distributed multi-path sliding arc igniter;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural cross-sectional view of a circumferentially distributed multi-path sliding arc igniter designed by the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1-single-way sliding arc igniter; 2-1-first air inlet; 2-first sleeve; 3-second sleeve; 3-1-second air inlet; 4-first cyclone; 5-igniter mounting seat; 5-1-air guide hole; 6-multi-way sliding arc igniter insulating base; 6-1-high-voltage cable groove; 6-2-third air inlet; 7-third sleeve; 7-1-fourth air inlet; 8-high-voltage electrode; 9-flow guide cover; 10-second cyclone; 11-low-voltage electrode; 12-third cyclone; 13-fourth cyclone; 14-multi-way sliding arc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-2 As shown, a circumferentially distributed multi-channel sliding arc igniter comprises a single-channel sliding arc igniter 1, a first sleeve 2, a second sleeve 3, a first cyclone 4, an igniter mounting seat 5, a multi-channel sliding arc igniter insulating base 6, a third sleeve 7, a high-voltage electrode 8, a deflector 9, a second cyclone 10, a low-voltage electrode 11, a third cyclone 12, a fourth cyclone 13 and a multi-channel sliding arc 14, wherein the high-voltage electrode 8 and the low-voltage electrode 11 are respectively connected to the high-voltage and low-voltage ends of a power source; the single-channel sliding arc igniter 1 is located at the front end center of the multi-channel sliding arc igniter, is embedded in the first cyclone 4, and maintains a ventilation channel with the first sleeve 2 and the deflector 9; the first sleeve 2 and the deflector 9 are respectively mounted on the igniter mounting seat 5, and the low-voltage electrode 11 is arranged on the bottom of the igniter mounting seat 5; ... It is mounted on the igniter mounting base 5, maintains a ventilation channel with the deflector 9, and a second cyclone 10 is arranged in the channel; the multi-way sliding arc igniter insulating base 6 is mounted on the igniter mounting base 5, maintains a ventilation channel with the low-voltage electrode 11, and a third cyclone 12 is arranged in the channel; the high-voltage electrode 8 is nested on the multi-way sliding arc igniter insulating base 6, and maintains a discharge distance with the low-voltage electrode 11; the high-voltage electrode 8 and the low-voltage electrode 11 are respectively connected to the high-voltage and low-voltage ends of the power supply; the multi-way sliding arc 14 is located between the high-voltage electrode 8 and the low-voltage electrode 11; the third sleeve 7 is mounted on the multi-way sliding arc igniter insulating base 6, maintains a ventilation channel with the multi-way sliding arc igniter insulating base 6, and a fourth cyclone 13 is arranged in the channel. The single-way sliding arc igniter 1 can be an existing single-way sliding arc igniter.

[0029] Furthermore, the first air inlet 2-1 is arranged in the ventilation channel between the single-way sliding arc igniter 1 and the first sleeve 2; the second air inlet 3-1 is placed on the cylindrical wall of the second sleeve 3; the third air inlet 6-2 is placed on the insulating base 6 of the multi-way sliding arc igniter; and the fourth air inlet 7-1 is placed on the third sleeve 7.

[0030] Furthermore, the existing single-channel sliding arc igniter 1, the first sleeve 2, the second sleeve 3, the igniter mounting seat 5, the multi-channel sliding arc igniter insulating base 6, the third sleeve 7, the guide cover 9, and the low-voltage electrode 11 are all kept coaxial.

[0031] Furthermore, the shape of the low-voltage electrode 11 at one end close to the high-voltage electrode 8 presents an irregular periodic repetition along the circumferential direction, and the number of periodic repetitions N is 3, which is consistent with the number of multi-path sliding arcs; the shape of the low-voltage electrode 11 presents that the two ends are far from the high-voltage electrode 8 and the middle is close to the high-voltage electrode 8 within one cycle, so that the sliding arc is generated in the middle position and extinguished at the two end positions.

[0032] Furthermore, the high-voltage electrode 8 is a fan-shaped structure, and the outer surface is a conical surface. Its outer dimensions are consistent with the grooves opened on the insulating base 6 of the multi-way sliding arc igniter. N high-voltage electrodes 8 are distributed in the circumferential direction, and the high-voltage electrodes 8 are insulated from each other through the insulating base 6 of the multi-way sliding arc igniter. The insulating spacing between the high-voltage electrodes 8 is greater than or equal to 15 mm to achieve independent discharge of each high-voltage electrode 8; the insulating part between the high-voltage electrodes 8 corresponds to the two ends of a repetitive cycle of the low-voltage electrode 11, so that the sliding arc is extinguished at both ends.

[0033] Furthermore, the high-voltage electrode 8 is connected to a power source via a high-voltage line placed in a high-voltage cable trough 6 - 1 , and the number of high-voltage cable troughs 6 - 1 on the insulating base 6 of the multi-channel sliding arc igniter is consistent with the number of high-voltage electrodes 8 .

[0034] Furthermore, the igniter mounting base 5 is provided with a plurality of air guide holes 5 - 1 , which respectively connect the air passage between the second sleeve 3 and the first sleeve 2 and the air passage between the air guide cover 9 and the low-voltage electrode 11 .

[0035] Furthermore, the specific operation method of the sliding arc igniter is:

[0036] 1) Open the first air inlet 2-1 and the second air inlet 3-1 to introduce ammonia and air respectively, and reach the set flow rate respectively;

[0037] 2) Turn on the existing single-channel sliding arc igniter power supply to reach the set power, and ignite the ammonia gas introduced into the first air inlet 2-1;

[0038] 3) Open the third air inlet 6-2 and the fourth air inlet 7-1 to let in air and ammonia respectively, and reach the set flow rate respectively;

[0039] 4) Turn on the power supply of the multi-channel sliding arc igniter to reach the set power, generate a multi-channel sliding arc 14, and ignite the ammonia gas introduced through the fourth air inlet 7-1.

Claims

1. A circumferentially distributed multi-path sliding arc igniter, characterized in that: The invention comprises a single-way sliding arc igniter (1), a first sleeve (2), a second sleeve (3), a first cyclone (4), an igniter mounting seat (5), a multi-way sliding arc igniter insulating base (6), a third sleeve (7), a high-voltage electrode (8), a flow deflector (9), a second cyclone (10), a low-voltage electrode (11), a third cyclone (12), a fourth cyclone (13) and a multi-way sliding arc (14), wherein the single-way sliding arc igniter (1) is located at the front end center of the multi-way sliding arc igniter, is inserted into the first cyclone (4), and maintains a ventilation channel with the first sleeve (2) and the flow deflector (9); the first sleeve (2) and the flow deflector (9) are respectively mounted on the igniter mounting seat (5), the low-voltage electrode (11) is mounted on the igniter mounting seat (5), and is connected to the flow deflector. (9) maintaining a ventilation channel, and arranging a second cyclone (10) in the channel; the multi-channel sliding arc igniter insulating base (6) is sleeved on the igniter mounting base (5), maintaining a ventilation channel with the low-voltage electrode, and arranging a third cyclone (12) in the channel; the high-voltage electrode (8) is nested on the multi-channel sliding arc igniter insulating base (6), and maintaining a discharge distance with the low-voltage electrode (11); the high-voltage electrode (8) and the low-voltage electrode (11) are respectively connected to the high-voltage and low-voltage ends of the power supply; the multi-channel sliding arc (14) is located between the high-voltage electrode (8) and the low-voltage electrode (11); the third sleeve (7) is sleeved on the multi-channel sliding arc igniter insulating base (6), maintaining a ventilation channel with the multi-channel sliding arc igniter base (6), and a fourth cyclone (13) is arranged in the channel; The first air inlet (2-1) is arranged between the air passage between the single-way sliding arc igniter (1) and the first sleeve (2); the second air inlet (3-1) is arranged on the cylindrical wall of the second sleeve (3); the third air inlet (6-2) is arranged on the insulating base (6) of the multi-way sliding arc igniter; and the fourth air inlet (7-1) is arranged on the third sleeve (7); The single-path sliding arc igniter (1), the first sleeve (2), the second sleeve (3), the igniter mounting seat (5), the multi-path sliding arc igniter insulating base (6), the third sleeve (7), the flow guide cover (9), and the low-voltage electrode (11) are all kept coaxial.

2. A circumferentially distributed multi-path sliding arc igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the low-voltage electrode (11) at one end close to the high-voltage electrode (8) presents irregular periodic repetition along the circumferential direction, and the number N of periodic repetitions is consistent with the number of multi-path sliding arcs; the shape of the low-voltage electrode (11) presents that the two ends are far from the high-voltage electrode (8) and the middle is close to the high-voltage electrode (8) within one cycle, so that the multi-path sliding arcs (14) are generated at the middle position and extinguished at the two end positions.

3. A circumferentially distributed multi-path sliding arc igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage electrode (8) is a fan-shaped structure, and the outer surface is a conical surface. Its outer dimensions are consistent with the grooves provided on the insulating base (6) of the multi-channel sliding arc igniter. N high-voltage electrodes (8) are distributed along the circumferential direction, and the high-voltage electrodes (8) are mutually insulated through the insulating base (6) of the multi-channel sliding arc igniter. The insulating spacing between the high-voltage electrodes (8) is greater than or equal to 15 mm, so that each high-voltage electrode (8) can discharge independently. The insulating part between the high-voltage electrodes (8) corresponds to the two ends of a repetition cycle of the low-voltage electrode (11), so that the sliding arc is extinguished at the two end positions.

4. A circumferentially distributed multi-path sliding arc igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage electrode (8) is connected to a power source via a high-voltage line placed in a high-voltage cable trough (6-1), and the number of high-voltage cable troughs (6-1) on the insulating base (6) of the multi-channel sliding arc igniter is consistent with the number of high-voltage electrodes (8).

5. A circumferentially distributed multi-path sliding arc igniter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The igniter mounting seat (5) is provided with a plurality of air guide holes (5-1) which respectively connect the air passage between the second sleeve (3) and the first sleeve (2) and the air passage between the guide cover (9) and the low-voltage electrode (11).

6. A method for operating a circumferentially distributed multi-path sliding arc igniter, characterized in that: Using the sliding arc igniter according to claim 1, the specific operation method is: 1) Open the first air inlet (2-1) and the second air inlet (3-1) to introduce ammonia and air respectively, and reach the set flow rate respectively; 2) Turn on the power supply of the single-circuit sliding arc igniter to reach the set power, and ignite the ammonia gas introduced through the first air inlet (2-1); 3) Open the third air inlet (6-2) and the fourth air inlet (7-1) to allow air and ammonia to flow in respectively, and reach the set flow rates respectively; 4) Turn on the power supply of the multi-channel sliding arc igniter to reach the set power, generate a multi-channel sliding arc, and ignite the ammonia gas introduced through the fourth air inlet (7-1).

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