Three-period minimal curved surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportion hybridization

Abstract

A three-period minimal curved surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportion hybridization belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers, aims to solve the problem of improving the heat exchange effect of a primary heat exchanger, and is technically characterized by comprising a hybridized three-period minimal curved surface core body which is formed by a SchwartzDiamond type three-period minimal curved surface and a Gyandroid type three-period minimal curved surface based on proportion hybridization, a cold fluid channel opening and a hot fluid channel opening are formed in the surface of the core body, a cold fluid channel and a hot fluid channel are formed in the core body, the heat exchanger has the advantages that the power-to-weight ratio and the heat exchange efficiency of heat transfer performance characterization of the heat exchanger are remarkably improved, and the heat exchanger can be used for light-weight efficient heat transfer in a heat management system of an aviation aircraft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers and relates to a three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on a proportional hybridization method. Background Art

[0002] The great challenge facing aircraft is the rapid rise in temperature of the whole aircraft. In order to solve the problem of excessively high temperatures in local hot spots, it is urgent to carry out research on thermal management of the whole aircraft, and use the fuel or duct air carried by the aircraft itself as a heat sink to cool hot fluids such as lubricating oil and coolant. The thermal management system needs to match the heat exchange solution through the heat exchange network. The key node in the heat exchange network is the heat exchanger. Improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is an important method to efficiently solve the temperature rise of the whole aircraft. In this context, the present invention carries out research on a new type of heat exchanger, and designs and optimizes the primary surface heat exchanger by drawing on the unique morphological characteristics of the three-periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structure.

[0003] The plate heat exchanger is a typical primary surface heat exchanger, where hot and cold fluids exchange heat through straight partitions. Based on the plate heat exchanger, the three-period minimal surface structure can be used to divide the space into two mutually inaccessible subdomains, and the tortuosity of the three-period minimal surface structure itself can increase the collision frequency between the fluid and the three-period minimal surface skeleton, thereby promoting heat exchange. Although the three-period minimal surface structure itself has tortuosity, the curvature of any point is 0 in space. The feature of curvature of 0 is manifested as smoothness of flow on a macroscopic scale. At present, minimal surface structures have been widely studied in various fields, including mechanical engineering to improve mechanical properties, bone tissue engineering to promote cell proliferation, material engineering to form multiphase composite materials, and widely used in the field of flow heat exchange.

[0004] The application of three-periodic minimal surface structures in various fields has achieved remarkable results. At present, the research on heat exchangers is still in its infancy, and the research focuses on typical TPMS structures. There are few studies on heat exchangers that introduce proportional hybridization methods, especially there is no specific design inspiration suitable for exploring the impact of hybridization ratio on performance and verifying it through dual fluid experiments. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problem of improving the heat transfer effect of the primary heat exchanger, according to some embodiments of the present application, a three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportional hybridization includes: A shell, wherein the shell is formed with a cold fluid inlet and a cold fluid outlet arranged opposite to each other in a first direction, a hot fluid inlet and a hot fluid outlet arranged opposite to each other in a second direction, and an accommodating space, wherein the first direction intersects with the second direction; A hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core is formed by a SchwartzDiamond type three-periodic minimal surface (300) and a Gyroid type three-periodic minimal surface (400) based on proportional hybridization, wherein a cold fluid channel opening and a hot fluid channel opening are formed on the surface of the core, and a cold fluid channel and a hot fluid channel are formed inside the core; The basic governing equation of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core is: F=μF1+(1-μ)F2 Wherein, μ represents the hybridization coefficient, F1 represents the basic control equation of the SchwartzDiamond type three-periodic minimal surface, F2 represents the basic control equation of the Gyroid type three-periodic minimal surface, and F represents the basic control equation of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core; Among them, the basic governing equation of the SchwartzDiamond type three-periodic minimal surface is: cosXcosYcosZ-sinXsinYsinZ=M Wherein, X=2απx, Y=2βπy, Z=2γπz, wherein x, y and z are the coordinates of the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis of the spatial rectangular coordinate system established by the lattice cell, α, β, γ are coefficients for controlling the size of the lattice cell in the respective corresponding x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions, and M is a constant for controlling the porosity of the overall structure; Among them, the basic governing equation of the Gyroid type three-periodic minimal surface is: sinXcosY+sinYcosZ+sinZcosX=M Where X=2απx, Y=2βπy, Z=2γπz, where x, y and z are the coordinates of the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis of the spatial rectangular coordinate system established in the lattice cell, and α, β, γ are coefficients used to control the size of the lattice cell in the corresponding x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions.

[0006] According to the three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportional hybridization in some embodiments of the present application, μ=0.5.

[0007] According to the three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportional hybridization in some embodiments of the present application, it also includes a first baffle and a second baffle; Among the channel openings formed on the surface of the core body, the channel opening with the largest area in the central region and the channel openings separated from the channel opening with the largest area in the central region are one type of channel openings of the cold fluid channel opening and the hot fluid channel opening, and the channel opening adjacent to the channel opening with the largest area in the central region is the other type of channel opening of the cold fluid channel opening and the hot fluid channel opening; The first baffle blocks the hot fluid channel opening on the surface of the core in the first direction, leaving the cold fluid channel opening on the surface of the core in the first direction open; The second baffle blocks the cold fluid channel opening on the surface of the core in the second direction, leaving the hot fluid channel opening on the surface of the core in the second direction open.

[0008] According to the three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportional hybridization in some embodiments of the present application, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0009] According to the three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportional hybridization in some embodiments of the present application, it also includes A first end cap is formed on the shell and is disposed between the cold fluid inlet and the core, and between the core and the cold fluid outlet, so that the internal space of the first end cap forms a liquid collecting cavity; A second end cap is formed on the shell and is disposed between the hot fluid inlet and the core, and between the core and the hot fluid outlet, so that the internal space of the second end cap forms a liquid collecting cavity; The flange fixes the first end cap, the second end cap and the fluid pipeline.

[0010] According to the proportional hybridized three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger in some embodiments of the present application, the size of the hybridized three-periodic minimal surface core is an integer multiple of its basic cell size.

[0011] Beneficial effects of the present invention: In the first aspect, the present invention introduces a proportional hybridization method to generate a new three-periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structure, and designs the core of the primary heat exchanger based on the morphological characteristics of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface structure. The experimental results show that the primary heat exchanger with the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface structure of the present invention has significantly improved heat exchange performance compared with the primary heat exchanger with the basic three-periodic minimal surface structure.

[0012] On the second aspect, based on the efficient heat exchange effect achieved by the present invention in the first aspect, and can be used for a primary heat exchanger, the effect of lightweight and efficient heat exchange is achieved. In particular, the present invention can realize the manufacturing of the TPMS heat exchanger through metal 3D printing, further achieving lightweight, and can be used for lightweight and efficient heat transfer in the thermal management system of aircraft.

[0013] On the third aspect, the three-period minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on the proportional hybridization method of the present invention is a revolutionary innovation based on the primary surface plate heat exchanger. The design freedom is greatly improved by introducing the proportional hybridization method. The new hybrid three-period minimal surface structure is conducive to absorbing the better features of the typical structure, which can improve the comprehensive performance of the heat exchanger and can be applied to the present invention to solve the problem of local temperature rise in the aviation field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportional hybridization according to Example 1 of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a hybridization principle diagram of a three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportional hybridization in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the channel opening and channel of the SchwartzDiamond-type three-periodic minimal surface core, as well as the shape of the fluid in the channel.

[0017] Figure 4 It is the roadmap for using SchwartzDiamond type three-period minimal surface core in heat exchangers.

[0018] Figure 5 These are the experimental results of the power-to-weight ratio of the heat exchangers of SchwartzDiamond TPMS, Gyroid TPMS, and hybrid TPMS. Among them, G_HE-Exp represents the heat exchanger D1 of the Gyroid TPMS, SD_HE-Exp represents the heat exchanger D2 of the SchwartzDiamond TPMS, and PHM_0.5SD_0.5G_HE-Exp represents the heat exchanger A1 of the hybrid TPMS.

[0019] Figure 6 These are the experimental results of heat transfer efficiency of SchwartzDiamond TPMS, Gyroid TPMS, and hybrid TPMS heat exchangers.

[0020] In the figure: 100. shell, 101. cold fluid inlet, 102. cold fluid outlet, 103. hot fluid inlet, 104. hot fluid outlet, 105. first head, 106. second head, 107. flange, 1071. bolt hole, 108. hot fluid domain, 109. cold fluid domain; 200. hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core, 201. cold fluid channel, 202. hot fluid channel, 203. first baffle, 204. second baffle; 300. SchwartzDiamond type three-periodic minimal surface, 310. TPMS cell, 311. cold fluid, 312. hot fluid, 320. TPMS array, 330. baffle, 340. core; 400.Gyroid-type three-periodic minimal surfaces. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions.

[0022] Terminology Note: A primary surface heat exchanger (PSR) is a heat exchanger in which the hot and cold fluids transfer heat only through the partition (fluid channel wall) that separates the hot and cold fluids in the heat exchanger.

[0023] Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) refers to a special type of porous structure with smooth continuous surface and high specific surface area, whose geometry is defined as the average curvature of each point on the surface is zero. The TPMS structure consists of an interpenetrating and non-intersecting network, whose network has a periodic and ordered topology in three main directions and has symmetry in the crystal space group.

[0024] Hybridization refers to the fusion of different types of structural morphologies.

[0025] Example 1: Figure 1 As shown, a primary surface heat exchanger A1 based on a proportionally hybridized three-periodic minimal surface (TPMS) comprises: a shell 100 , a hybridized three-periodic minimal surface core 200 , and a baffle.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the shell 100 is formed with a cold fluid inlet 101 and a cold fluid outlet 102 arranged oppositely in the first direction, a hot fluid inlet 103 and a hot fluid outlet 104 arranged oppositely in the second direction, and a containing space, and the first direction intersects with the second direction, and is preferably arranged vertically. The shell 100 forms an internal containing space, and the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200 is arranged in the internal containing space of the shell 100, preferably in the area in the center of the internal space. A head is formed on the shell 100, and the head guides the fluids in and out of the respective areas at the inlet and outlet positions of the cold and hot fluids, and is distinguished according to the installation position of the head, including a first head 105 and a second head 106.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, the side of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200 opposite to the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet is sealed with the inner wall of the shell with a contour edge. The side of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200 opposite to the bottom surface of the shell 100 is sealed with the bottom surface, and the bottom surface can be understood as the two bottom surfaces of the shell, that is, two bottom surfaces that are oppositely arranged in the horizontal direction.

[0028] The first end cap 105 is arranged between the cold fluid inlet 101 and the core body, and between the core body and the cold fluid outlet 102. The core body is sealed with the inner wall of the shell by its contour edge as described above, so that the internal space of the first end cap 105 forms a liquid collecting cavity and has sealing performance. That is, a liquid collecting cavity is formed between the cold fluid inlet and the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core body 200, and between the cold fluid outlet and the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core body 200.

[0029] The second end cap 106 is arranged between the hot fluid inlet 103 and the core, and between the core and the hot fluid outlet 104. The core is sealed with the inner wall of the shell by its contour edge as described above, so that the internal space of the second end cap 106 forms a liquid collecting cavity, and has sealing properties. That is, a liquid collecting cavity is formed between the inlet of the hot fluid and the hybrid three-period minimal surface core 200, and between the outlet of the hot fluid and the hybrid three-period minimal surface core 200 for collecting liquid. The liquid collecting cavities of the inlet and outlet of the present invention are arranged at the fluid inlet and outlet to ensure that the working fluid is fully developed before entering the core of the heat exchanger, eliminating the disadvantage of uneven flow distribution.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the head form in this embodiment adopts a gradually contracting and expanding shape, one end of the head is connected to the contour edge of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200, and the other end is connected to the fluid inlet and outlet through a flange 107, forming a cavity between the core and the fluid inlet, and between the core and the fluid outlet to collect liquid.

[0031] In the present invention, the first end cap 105, the second end cap 106 and the fluid pipeline are fixedly connected by the flange 107, so as to connect the heat exchanger and the fluid pipeline. In a preferred embodiment, the inner diameter of the flange 107 is the same as the inner diameter of the fluid pipeline, and four bolt holes 1071 are respectively provided at the four-quarter positions of the flange 107 to provide installation positions for fastening bolts.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, the hybridized three-periodic minimal surface core 200 of the present embodiment is a flexible novel three-periodic minimal surface structure formed based on the typical characteristics of two basic three-periodic minimal surfaces combined by proportional hybridization. The basic three-periodic minimal surfaces include Schwartz Diamond-type three-periodic minimal surfaces 300 and Gyroid-type three-periodic minimal surfaces 400. In the present embodiment, the hot and cold fluids transfer heat only through the channel walls of the fluid channels separating the hot and cold fluids inside the core to achieve heat exchange.

[0033] The basic governing equation of the Schwartz Diamond type three-periodic minimal surface 300, one of the basic three-periodic minimal surface cores, is: cosXcosYcosZ-sinXsinYsinZ=M Where X=2απx, Y=2βπy, Z=2γπz, where α, β, and γ are coefficients used to control the size of the lattice cell in their respective directions; M is a constant used to control the porosity of the overall structure. When the minimal surface has no thickness, M=0.

[0034] The basic governing equation of the Gyroid-type three-periodic minimal surface 400, one of the basic three-periodic minimal surface cores, is: sinXcosY+sinYcosZ+sinZcosX=M Where X=2απx, Y=2βπy, Z=2γπz, where α, β, and γ are coefficients used to control the size of the lattice cell in their respective directions; M is a constant used to control the porosity of the overall structure. When the minimal surface has no thickness, M=0.

[0035] The basic governing equations of the hybridized three-periodic minimal surface core are: F=μF1+1-μF2 Wherein μ is the hybridization coefficient, which is a constant in this embodiment, and F1 and F2 are respectively the basic control equations of the Schwartz Diamond type three-periodic minimal surface 300 and the basic control equations of the Gyroid type three-periodic minimal surface 400. Preferably, μ=0.5.

[0036] In this embodiment, the cold fluid region and the hot fluid domain 108 are separated by the cold fluid channel 201 and the hot fluid channel 202 of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200. The hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200 is a three-periodic minimal surface structure hybridized by the SchwartzDiamond-type three-periodic minimal surface 300 and the Gyroid-type three-periodic minimal surface 400.

[0037] In this embodiment, the overall size of the three-periodic minimal surface core of the three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on the proportional hybridization method is an integer multiple of the basic cell size to ensure that all morphological features of the three-periodic minimal surface structure are retained in the x, y, and z directions.

[0038] This embodiment uses Figure 3~4 Taking the Schwartz Diamond type three-periodic minimal surface 300 core as an example, the channel opening, channel and baffle of the core are explained. Figure 3 The channel openings and channels of the Schwartz Diamond type three-periodic minimal surface 300 core, as well as the form of the fluid in the channel, are shown. The surface of the three-periodic minimal surface core is formed with a cold fluid channel opening and a hot fluid channel opening, and the inside is formed with a cold fluid channel 201 and a hot fluid channel 202, which are used to separate the cold and hot fluids and separate the fluid channels inside the three-periodic minimal surface core. It should be understood that the fluid channel is a structural internal pore generated based on the three-periodic minimal surface core molding, and is determined by the basic control equation of the core.

[0039] Figure 4 The roadmap of using Schwartz Diamond type three-periodic minimal surface 300 core for heat exchanger is shown, and the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200 is similar to it.

[0040] The baffle includes a first baffle 203 and a second baffle 204 .

[0041] like Figure 3 As described above, among the channel openings formed on the surface of the core of the Schwartz Diamond type three-periodic minimal surface 300, the channel opening with the largest area in the central region and the channel openings separated from the channel opening with the largest area in the central region are one type of channel openings, namely, the cold fluid channel openings and the hot fluid channel openings, and the channel openings adjacent to the channel opening with the largest area in the central region are another type of channel openings, namely, the cold fluid channel openings and the hot fluid channel openings.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, among the channel openings formed on the surface of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200, the central channel opening and the channel openings arranged at intervals on both sides of the central channel opening among the channel openings formed on the surface of the core are the first channel opening; the adjacent channel openings on both sides of the central channel opening and the channel openings arranged at intervals on both sides of the adjacent channel openings are the second channel openings; the first channel opening is a type of channel opening between the cold fluid channel opening and the hot fluid channel opening, and the second channel opening is another type of channel opening between the cold fluid channel opening and the hot fluid channel opening.

[0043] The first baffle 203 blocks the hot fluid channel opening on the core surface in the first direction, leaving the cold fluid channel opening on the core surface in the first direction open; the second baffle 204 blocks the cold fluid channel opening on the core surface in the second direction, leaving the hot fluid channel opening on the core surface in the second direction open. The baffle is set on the core surface, and prevents hot and cold fluids from entering each other's flow channel at the fluid inlet and outlet. The edge of the baffle overlaps with the edge of the flow channel and has a certain thickness, preventing hot and cold fluids from entering each other's flow channel.

[0044] according to Figure 3~4 As shown, the fluid channel opening, channel and baffle of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200 of this embodiment are as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown. The present invention blocks the fluid channel openings on the surfaces of different hybrid three-periodic minimal surfaces with baffles in different directions so that only one type of liquid is allowed to flow into the fluid channel of the core in the corresponding direction in one direction. For example, the hot fluid channel opening on the surface of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface in the first direction is closed by a baffle, and only cold fluid is allowed to pass through the cold fluid channel opening in this direction. The cold fluid channel opening on the surface of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface in the second direction is closed by a baffle, and only hot fluid is allowed to pass through the hot fluid channel opening in this direction. The baffles and channels are used to isolate the fluids between the cold and hot fluid domains 108 of the heat exchanger in this embodiment to avoid cross-flow of fluids.

[0045] The fluid flow mode of the heat exchanger in this embodiment is that in the second direction, after the hot fluid flows through the head, it enters the hot fluid area inside the core through the hot fluid channel port from the inlet side surface of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface in this direction, that is, the hot fluid channel 202 inside the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200. After flowing through the hot fluid area, it flows out through the hot fluid channel port from the outlet side surface of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core in this direction. After entering the head at the outlet, the hot fluid leaves the heat exchanger. In the first direction, after the cold fluid flows through the head, it enters the cold fluid area through the cold fluid channel port from the inlet side surface of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface in this direction, that is, the cold fluid channel 201 inside the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200. In the area 109 flowing through the cold fluid, it flows out through the cold fluid channel port from the outlet side surface of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200 in this direction. After entering the head at the outlet, the cold fluid leaves the heat exchanger.

[0046] In this embodiment, the primary surface heat exchanger and the hot and cold fluid pipelines are preferably connected via flange 107, the flange 107 is provided with bolt holes 1071, the heat exchanger flange 107 and the pipeline flange 107 are fastened with bolts, the flanges 107 are sealed with gaskets, and the hot and cold fluids are arranged in a cross flow. In this embodiment, the 3D printing material of the heat exchanger is preferably aluminum alloy.

[0047] In the heat exchange process of the heat exchanger of this embodiment, the cold fluid is water with a temperature controlled at 30° C., and the hot fluid is high-temperature heat transfer oil. The temperature of the hot fluid inlet 103 is controlled to set a temperature gradient from 60° C. to 105° C. at intervals of 5° C.

[0048] The flow rate of the hot fluid inlet 103 is 0.36m 3 / h, the flow rate of the cold fluid inlet 101 is 1m 3 / h, the cold and hot fluids flow in a cross-flow state.

[0049] The basic control equation of the cell structure of the three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportional hybridization is: 0.5×(cosXcosYcosZ-sinXsinYsinZ)+0.5×(sinXcosY+sinYcosZ+sinZcosX)=0.27.

[0050] The cell size of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200 is 10mm×10mm×10mm, and the minimum wall thickness is 1mm. The lengths of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core in the x, y, and z directions are 60mm, 50mm, and 40mm, respectively, which are integer multiples of the cell size in the three directions to retain all the morphological features of the TPMS structure. The overall size of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200 is 126mm×116mm×42mm.

[0051] During the heat exchange process, the hot fluid connects the hot fluid system pipeline and the heat exchanger through the flange 107. After the hot fluid enters the second head 106 on the inlet side, it is fully collected. In the second direction, it enters the hot fluid channel 202 from the hot fluid channel port on the inlet side surface of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200, and then flows in the tortuous hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200, and flows out from the hot fluid channel port on the outlet side surface of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200. After flowing out of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200, the hot fluid reaches the second head 106 on the outflow side, and flows into the hot fluid system after passing through the flange 107 connected to the second head 106.

[0052] The cold fluid connects the cold fluid system pipeline and the heat exchanger through the flange 107. After the cold fluid enters the first head 105 on the inlet side, it is fully collected. In the first direction, it enters the cold fluid channel 201 from the cold fluid channel opening on the inlet side surface of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200, and then flows in the tortuous hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200, and flows out from the cold fluid channel opening on the outlet side surface of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200. After flowing out of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200, the cold fluid reaches the first head 105 on the outflow side, and flows into the cold fluid system after passing through the flange 107 connected to the first head 105.

[0053] The hot and cold fluids exchange heat through fluid channels separated by channel walls in the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core.

[0054] Comparative Example 1: The primary surface heat exchanger D1 has a basically identical structure to the primary surface heat exchanger A1 of Example 1, except that the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200 in Example 1 is a typical SchwartzDiamond type three-periodic minimal surface core 300 in Comparative Example 1.

[0055] The basic governing equation of the Schwartz Diamond type three-periodic minimal surface 300, one of the basic three-periodic minimal surface cores, is: cosXcosYcosZ-sinXsinYsinZ=M Where X=2απx, Y=2βπy, Z=2γπz, where α, β, and γ are coefficients used to control the size of the lattice cell in their respective directions; M is a constant used to control the porosity of the overall structure. When the minimal surface has no thickness, M=0.

[0056] Comparative Example 2: The primary surface heat exchanger D2 has a basically identical structure to the primary surface heat exchanger A1 of Example 1, except that the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core 200 in Example 1 is a typical Gyroid three-periodic minimal surface core 400 in Comparative Example 2.

[0057] The basic governing equation of the Gyroid-type three-periodic minimal surface 400, one of the basic three-periodic minimal surface cores, is: sinXcosY+sinYcosZ+sinZcosX=M Where X=2απx, Y=2βπy, Z=2γπz, where α, β, and γ are coefficients used to control the size of the lattice cell in their respective directions; M is a constant used to control the porosity of the overall structure. When the minimal surface has no thickness, M=0.

[0058] Experimental description: To ensure the requirement of conjugate heat transfer, the minimum wall thickness of the core of the primary surface heat exchanger A1, primary surface heat exchanger D1 and primary surface heat exchanger D2 of Example 1 is set to 1 mm. Other working conditions are the same, and the heat transfer of the three-period minimal surface core is compared and analyzed.

[0059] The power-to-weight ratio is the ratio of the heat exchanger's performance to its weight, and reflects the performance level of the heat exchanger at a given weight. For applications that require lightweight design (such as aerospace), the power-to-weight ratio is particularly important because it directly affects the overall performance and economy of the system. By increasing the power-to-weight ratio, the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger can be improved without increasing the weight of the heat exchanger. This usually requires the use of efficient heat transfer materials and optimized structural design.

[0060] Heat transfer efficiency is an important indicator to measure the heat transfer capacity of a heat exchanger in the actual working process. It is defined as the ratio of the actual heat transfer to the theoretical maximum heat transfer. In industrial applications, heat transfer efficiency directly affects the energy utilization efficiency and production costs. High heat transfer efficiency means full utilization of energy, which can reduce energy consumption and operating costs. In the operation stage of the heat exchanger, heat transfer efficiency is more important and difficult to improve. It directly reflects the performance of the heat exchanger in the actual working environment. By monitoring and optimizing the heat transfer efficiency, it can be ensured that the heat exchanger can maintain efficient heat transfer performance under different working conditions.

[0061] Table 1 shows the experimental results of the power-to-weight ratio of Schwartz Diamond TPMS, Gyroid TPMS, and hybrid TPMS heat exchangers.

[0062] Table 2 shows the experimental results of heat transfer efficiency of Schwartz Diamond TPMS, Gyroid TPMS, and hybrid TPMS heat exchangers.

[0063] Table 1 Experimental results of power-to-weight ratio of heat exchanger Table 2 Experimental results of heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger According to Table 1~2, Figures 5 and 6 According to the experimental data, under the same operating conditions, the performance of the primary heat exchanger A1 with a hybrid three-period minimal surface core is superior.

[0064] Compared with the primary heat exchanger D1 with a Schwartz Diamond type three-period minimal surface core, the power-to-weight ratio characterizing the heat transfer performance is increased by 7.47%, and the heat transfer efficiency is increased by 8%. This shows that compared with the primary heat exchanger D1, the heat transfer capacity of the primary heat exchanger A1 of the present invention is comprehensively and significantly improved.

[0065] Compared with the primary heat exchanger D2 with a Gyroid-type three-period minimal surface core, the power-to-weight ratio that characterizes the heat transfer performance is almost the same, and the heat exchange efficiency is increased by 3.8%. This shows that compared with the primary heat exchanger D2, the primary heat exchanger A1 of the present invention has a significant improvement in the heat exchange efficiency that represents the actual heat exchange capacity index. The present invention is based on a three-period minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger with proportional hybridization, and belongs to the field of heat exchanger technology. The core feature of the heat exchanger is that it uses two three-period minimal surface structures as the basic structure, and generates a new three-period minimal surface structure by introducing a hybridization method. The three-period minimal surface structure is used as the primary heat exchange surface, and the two fluids exchange heat through the primary heat exchange surface.

[0066] The overall form of the three-period minimal surface heat exchanger is a cross-flow primary surface heat exchanger. The three-period minimal surface structure transfers the heat of the hot fluid to the cold fluid. The role of this structure in the heat exchanger is to increase the specific surface area and promote forced convection heat transfer.

[0067] The heat exchanger in the present invention can be integrally formed using metal 3D printing technology, which reduces weight and the number of parts compared to traditional heat exchangers and improves design freedom.

[0068] This type of heat exchanger has the advantages of innovation, light weight, safety, etc., and provides a new solution to the problem of lightweight thermal management in the aerospace field. The primary surface heat exchanger of the present invention greatly increases the heat exchange area and reduces the volume of the heat exchanger, providing a new method, new path, and new practice for solving aviation thermal management problems.

[0069] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0070] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0071] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0072] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0073] In the present invention, the term "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the previously associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one" means one or more; "at least one of A and B" is similar to "A and / or B", describing the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, at least one of A and B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.

[0074] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportional hybridization, characterized in that: include: A shell (100), the shell (100) being formed with a cold fluid inlet (101) and a cold fluid outlet (102) arranged opposite to each other in a first direction, a hot fluid inlet (103) and a hot fluid outlet (104) arranged opposite to each other in a second direction, and an accommodating space, the first direction intersecting with the second direction; A hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core (200) is arranged in the accommodation space and is formed by a Schwartz Diamond type three-periodic minimal surface (300) and a Gyroid type three-periodic minimal surface (400) based on proportional hybridization. The hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core (200) is formed with a cold fluid channel opening and a hot fluid channel opening on its surface, and is formed with a cold fluid channel (201) and a hot fluid channel (202) inside. The basic governing equation of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core (200) is: F=μF1+(1-μ)F2 Wherein, μ represents the hybridization coefficient, F1 represents the basic control equation of the Schwartz Diamond type three-periodic minimal surface (300), F2 represents the basic control equation of the Gyroid type three-periodic minimal surface (400), and F represents the basic control equation of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core (200); Among them, the basic governing equation of the Schwartz Diamond type three-periodic minimal surface (300) is: cosXcosYcosZ-sinXsinYsinZ=M Wherein, X=2απx, Y=2βπy, Z=2γπz, wherein x, y and z are the coordinates of the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis of the spatial rectangular coordinate system established by the lattice cell, α, β, γ are coefficients for controlling the size of the lattice cell in the respective corresponding x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions, and M is a constant for controlling the porosity of the overall structure; The basic governing equations of the Gyroid type three-periodic minimal surface (400) are: sinXcosY+sinYcosZ+sinZcosX=M Where X=2απx, Y=2βπy, Z=2γπz, where x, y and z are the coordinates of the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis of the spatial rectangular coordinate system established in the lattice cell, and α, β, γ are coefficients used to control the size of the lattice cell in the corresponding x-axis, y-axis and z-axis directions.

2. The three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportional hybridization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in, μ=0.

5.

3. The three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportional hybridization according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: It also includes a first baffle (203) and a second baffle (204); Among the channel openings formed on the surface of the core body, the central channel opening and the channel openings arranged at intervals on both sides of the central channel opening are first channel openings; The adjacent channel openings on both sides of the central channel opening, and the channel openings arranged at intervals on both sides of the adjacent channel openings are second channel openings; The first channel opening is a channel opening of one type among a cold fluid channel opening and a hot fluid channel opening, and the second channel opening is a channel opening of another type among a cold fluid channel opening and a hot fluid channel opening; The first baffle (203) blocks the hot fluid channel opening on the surface of the core in the first direction, leaving the cold fluid channel opening on the surface of the core in the first direction open; The second baffle (204) blocks the cold fluid channel opening on the core surface in the second direction, leaving the hot fluid channel opening on the core surface in the second direction open.

4. The three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportional hybridization according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

5. The three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportional hybridization according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: Also includes A first end cap (105) is formed on the shell (100), and is arranged between the cold fluid inlet (101) and the core, and between the core and the cold fluid outlet (102), so that the internal space of the first end cap (105) forms a liquid collecting cavity; A second end cap (106) is formed on the shell (100), and is arranged between the hot fluid inlet (103) and the core, and between the core and the hot fluid outlet (104), so that the internal space of the second end cap (106) forms a liquid collecting cavity; A flange (107) for fixedly connecting the first end cap (105), the second end cap (106) and the fluid pipeline; The side of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core (200) opposite to the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet is sealed to the inner wall of the shell (100) with a contour edge, and the side of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core (200) opposite to the bottom surface of the shell (100) is sealed to the bottom surface.

6. The three-periodic minimal surface primary surface heat exchanger based on proportional hybridization according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The size of the hybrid three-periodic minimal surface core (200) is an integer multiple of the size of its basic cell.

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