Method for building reservoir by rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt and evaluation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for building a reservoir through rapid mineralization of carbon dioxide in basalt and an evaluation method, and relates to the field of energy storage and utilization, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, carrying out multi-point coring on a target area, and obtaining the distribution condition of a basalt reservoir through the lithology distribution condition of rock cores; s2, testing the age, the porosity and the permeability of the basalt reservoir, and evaluating the connectivity of the basalt reservoir; s3, well drilling, casing running and well cementation operation are conducted on the target basalt reservoir, and temperature and pressure sensors are arranged along a shaft; s4, a ground CO2-water mixing pump station is arranged near the injection well, and water in the basalt reservoir and CO2 gas are fully mixed to be saturated to form saturated CO2 formation water; the construction method of the basalt underground storage cavern based on mineral carbon sequestration is low in carbon leakage risk and has good economic benefits, and efficient and safe carbon sequestration and low-cost underground storage cavern construction are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage and utilization, and in particular to a method for constructing a reservoir by rapid mineralization of carbon dioxide in basalt and an evaluation method. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the field of energy storage and utilization, it is urgent to strengthen the underground storage of oil and gas to ensure the safety of oil and gas supply; in addition, in order to utilize the power during the low load period at night in the power grid and the excess wind power and solar power generation, it is necessary to store the excess energy, such as wind energy, solar energy or low-peak electricity in the form of thermal energy and reuse it when needed, such as: night storage-day use or summer storage-winter use. At present, underground storage is mainly built in salt caverns or denser natural rock masses. However, the construction of these two types of storage requires artificial caverns, which has a high investment cost.

[0003] In addition, with the proposal of my country's "dual carbon" goals, CO2 geological storage technology is considered to be an effective means of large-scale disposal of CO2. However, most of the CO2 injected by this technology exists in the buried storage layer in a free state for a long time, and the risk of CO2 leakage is high. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method to construct an underground reservoir that converts CO2 into carbon-fixing minerals. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a method for constructing a reservoir based on rapid mineralization of carbon dioxide in basalt with low carbon leakage risk and good economic benefits, aiming at the high investment cost of artificial cavitation in traditional underground reservoirs, and the high risk of CO2 leakage and no economic benefits of traditional CO2 geological storage technology. The method can achieve efficient and safe carbon fixation and low-cost underground reservoir construction. The technical solution is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1 performs coring at multiple points in the target area, and obtains the distribution of deep strata, especially the distribution of basalt reservoirs, through the lithology distribution of the cores;

[0007] S2 tests the age, porosity and permeability of basalt reservoirs and evaluates the connectivity of basalt reservoirs;

[0008] S3 performs drilling, casing and cementing operations on the target basalt reservoir, and deploys temperature and pressure sensors along the wellbore;

[0009] S4: A ground CO2-water mixing pump station is deployed near the injection well to pump water from the basalt reservoir to the CO2-water mixing pump station, where it is fully mixed with CO2 gas to form CO2-saturated formation water.

[0010] S5 injects formation water saturated with CO2 into the target basalt reservoir, and a reaction occurs between CO2-water-basalt reservoir near the wellbore, increasing the porosity of the basalt reservoir. Secondary mineral precipitation at the far wellbore causes the porosity of the basalt reservoir to decrease, and the space surrounded by the basalt with decreased porosity is the underground storage space.

[0011] S6 Through water injection test, the airtightness of the basalt underground reservoir space and the connectivity of the reservoir space surrounding the basalt are tested; if the airtightness and connectivity are insufficient, the reaction time of the basalt mineral carbon fixation needs to be extended, and grouting is used to achieve complete airtightness of the reservoir when necessary;

[0012] S7 injects crude oil or natural gas into the underground storage space to form an underground oil and gas storage; or injects hot water into the underground storage space to form an underground heat storage.

[0013] For example, in the method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir provided in one embodiment, in S1, the formation pressure of the target basalt reservoir is not less than 2.5 MPa, and the formation temperature does not exceed 300°C.

[0014] For example, in the method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir provided in one embodiment, in S2, the basalt reservoir is selected from a young / Cenozoic and porous basalt reservoir with a porosity of not less than 10%.

[0015] For example, in the method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir provided in one embodiment, in S3, the casing is made of a high-strength alloy that is resistant to acid corrosion and can withstand injection-production cycle fatigue loads and ground stress, and acid corrosion-resistant and highly sealed cementing materials are used between the casing and the wellbore to avoid leakage of injected crude oil, natural gas or hot water.

[0016] For example, in the method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir provided in one embodiment, in S4, the CO2-water mixing pump station has at least two water storage tanks, which are used to mix formation water and CO2, and store formation water for later sealing; the CO2-water concrete pump station has the function of extracting formation water in the basalt reservoir and injecting the mixed solution.

[0017] For example, in the method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir provided in one embodiment, in S5, the injection amount, injection rate, and total injection time of the CO2-saturated formation water are related to the scale of the reservoir, and the injection parameters of the CO2-saturated formation water are comprehensively determined by combining the total volume of the proposed reservoir.

[0018] For example, in the method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir provided in one embodiment, in S6, if the reservoir is not airtight and connected enough, the amount of water and the reaction time of the formation water saturated with CO2 to be injected again need to be determined in combination with the water injection test until the requirements of the basalt reservoir are met; the permeability of the basalt reservoir filled with secondary mineral precipitation at the far well is less than 0.001 times the permeability of the basalt reservoir near the well.

[0019] For example, in the method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir provided in one embodiment, in S7, when the basalt underground reservoir space stores oil and gas, crude oil or natural gas is directly injected into the underground reservoir space, and the temperature and pressure changes of the wellbore and the reservoir space are monitored in real time, and the injection pressure of the crude oil or natural gas is not greater than the bottom pressure;

[0020] When the crude oil or natural gas injected into the underground storage space reaches a predetermined injection volume, water in the basalt reservoir in S4 is injected through the wellbore to seal the crude oil or natural gas, and the liquid level changes are monitored in real time. If the monitored formation water level does not change much, it is considered that the reservoir is operating safely; if the monitored liquid level changes greatly, it is necessary to check the cause and perform maintenance.

[0021] For example, in the method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to build a reservoir provided in one embodiment, in S7, when the basalt underground reservoir space stores heat, a surface cold water heating pump station needs to be arranged near the injection well. The water source required by the cold water heating pump station comes from the formation water used for reservoir construction, and the required energy comes from the electricity in the power grid at night when the load is low, as well as the excess wind power generation and solar power generation. The heated hot water is injected into the reservoir, and the temperature and pressure changes of the wellbore and the reservoir space are monitored in real time. The injection pressure of the hot water is not greater than the bottom pressure;

[0022] When the hot water injected into the underground storage space reaches the predetermined injection volume, the injection is stopped, the change of the liquid level is monitored, and the hot water is circulated and injected-extracted as needed to meet specific needs;

[0023] Among them, hot water circulation injection-production includes two modes:

[0024] (1) Nighttime injection - mining during the day, hot water injection at night, using hot water for heating or power generation during the day. If the monitored liquid level changes significantly at night, it is necessary to check the cause and perform maintenance;

[0025] (2) Injection in summer and mining in winter. Inject hot water in summer and use hot water for heating or power generation in winter. During this period: if the monitored liquid level changes significantly, it is necessary to check the cause and perform maintenance; if the monitored temperature drops by more than 10%, continue to inject hot water into the reservoir to restore the reservoir temperature.

[0026] A second aspect of the present application provides an evaluation method for constructing a reservoir by rapid mineralization of carbon dioxide in basalt. The reservoir is constructed by the method for constructing a reservoir by rapid mineralization of carbon dioxide in basalt. A quantitative evaluation method for the leakage rate during the operation period after crude oil, natural gas or hot water is injected into the constructed basalt reservoir is as follows: real-time monitoring of the temperature and pressure changes of the wellbore and the reservoir space, and when the crude oil, natural gas or hot water injected into the underground reservoir space reaches a predetermined injection volume, real-time monitoring of the liquid level changes. If the monitored formation water level does not change much, it is considered that the reservoir is operating safely; if the monitored liquid level changes greatly, it is necessary to check the cause and perform maintenance.

[0027] The beneficial effects of a method and an evaluation method for constructing a reservoir by rapid mineralization of carbon dioxide in basalt provided in some embodiments of the present application are as follows: In view of the high investment cost of artificial cavitation in traditional underground reservoir spaces, and the high risk of CO2 leakage and lack of economic benefits in traditional CO2 geological storage technology, the present application provides a method for constructing a basalt underground reservoir based on mineral carbon fixation with low carbon leakage risk and good economic benefits, which not only improves the economic benefits of carbon storage, but also reduces the construction cost of underground reservoir space, thereby achieving efficient and safe carbon fixation and low-cost underground reservoir construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 Flow chart of the method for constructing a reservoir for rapid mineralization of carbon dioxide in basalt of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present disclosure should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0032] Basalt contains a large amount of carbon-fixing minerals and has a very high potential for CO2 mineral storage. The CarbFi x pilot demonstration project carried out in Iceland in recent years showed that by injecting 73-175 tons of CO2 mixed with water into basalt reservoirs, more than 95% of the CO2 can be converted into carbonate minerals within 2 years and permanently stored.

[0033] In view of this, the present application provides a method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir, aiming at the high investment cost of artificial cavitation in traditional underground reservoir space, the high risk of CO2 leakage and the lack of economic benefits of traditional CO2 geological storage technology, etc. The reservoir construction method of the present application is based on mineral carbon fixation, with low risk of carbon leakage and good economic benefits, thereby achieving efficient and safe carbon fixation and low-cost underground reservoir construction, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0034] S1 uses the drilling coring technology to conduct multi-point coring in the target area, and obtains the distribution of deep strata, especially the distribution of basalt reservoirs, through the lithology distribution of the cores;

[0035] Among them, the formation pressure of the target basalt reservoir is not less than 2.5MPa, and the formation temperature does not exceed 300℃.

[0036] S2 tests the age, porosity and permeability of basalt reservoirs and evaluates the connectivity of basalt reservoirs;

[0037] Among them, the basalt reservoir is selected from young / Cenozoic and porous basalt reservoirs with a porosity of not less than 10%. The pores of the old basalt reservoirs have been filled with secondary minerals and are not easy to be selected for reservoir construction.

[0038] S3 performs drilling, casing and cementing operations on the target basalt reservoir, and deploys temperature and pressure sensors along the wellbore;

[0039] The casing is made of a high-strength alloy that is resistant to acid corrosion and injection-production cycle fatigue loads and ground stress, and acid corrosion-resistant, highly sealed cementing materials are used between the casing and the wellbore to prevent leakage of injected crude oil, natural gas or hot water.

[0040] S4: A ground CO2-water mixing pump station is deployed near the injection well to pump water from the basalt reservoir to the CO2-water mixing pump station, where it is fully mixed with CO2 gas to form CO2-saturated formation water.

[0041] The CO2-water mixing pump station has at least two water storage tanks, which are used to mix formation water and CO2 and store formation water for later sealing; the CO2-water concrete pump station has the function of extracting formation water from the basalt reservoir and injecting the mixed solution;

[0042] S5 injects formation water saturated with CO2 into the target basalt reservoir, and a reaction occurs between CO2-water-basalt reservoir near the wellbore, increasing the porosity of the basalt reservoir. Secondary mineral precipitation at the far wellbore causes the porosity of the basalt reservoir to decrease, and the space surrounded by the basalt with decreased porosity is the underground storage space.

[0043] The injection volume, injection rate and total injection time of the CO2-saturated formation water are related to the reservoir scale, and the CO2-saturated formation water injection parameters are comprehensively determined by combining the total volume of the proposed reservoir.

[0044] During the carbon fixation process of basalt, a complex dissolution-precipitation reaction will occur between basalt, CO2 and water. Since the aqueous solution of dissolved CO2 is acidic, it tends to dissolve basalt minerals during the injection process, expand the pores near the injection well, and open the fluid channels. As the solution continues to diffuse around, the acid concentration gradually decreases, and secondary minerals precipitate away from the wellbore, filling the basalt pores. In this way, a "cavity" with large porosity is formed near the injection well, and due to the decrease in porosity caused by the precipitation of secondary minerals, a relatively closed and sealed layer is formed around the "cavity", which provides a good storage space and can be used as one of the site options for underground storage space.

[0045] S6 Through water injection test, the airtightness of the basalt underground reservoir space and the connectivity of the reservoir space surrounding the basalt are tested; if the airtightness and connectivity are insufficient, the reaction time of the basalt mineral carbon fixation needs to be extended, and grouting is used to achieve complete airtightness of the reservoir when necessary;

[0046] Among them, if the reservoir is insufficiently sealed and connected, the amount of water and reaction time of the formation water saturated with CO2 to be injected again need to be determined in combination with the water injection test until the requirements of the basalt reservoir are met; the permeability of the basalt reservoir filled with secondary mineral precipitation at the far well is less than 0.001 times the permeability of the basalt reservoir near the well.

[0047] S7 injecting crude oil or natural gas into the underground storage space to form an underground oil and gas storage; or injecting hot water into the underground storage space to form an underground heat storage;

[0048] When the basalt underground storage space stores oil and gas, crude oil or natural gas is directly injected into the underground storage space, and the temperature and pressure changes of the wellbore and the storage space are monitored in real time. The injection pressure of the crude oil or natural gas is not greater than the bottom pressure. When the crude oil or natural gas injected into the underground storage space reaches a predetermined injection amount, water in the basalt reservoir in S4 is injected through the wellbore to seal the crude oil or natural gas, and the liquid level changes are monitored in real time. If the monitored formation water level does not change much, it is considered that the reservoir is operating safely; if the monitored liquid level changes greatly, it is necessary to check the cause and perform maintenance.

[0049] When the basalt underground storage space stores heat, a surface cold water heating pump station needs to be deployed near the injection well. The water source required by the cold water heating pump station comes from the formation water used for reservoir construction, and the required energy comes from the electricity in the power grid at night when the load is low, as well as the excess wind power and solar power. The heated hot water is injected into the reservoir, and the temperature and pressure changes of the wellbore and storage space are monitored in real time. The injection pressure of the hot water is not greater than the bottom pressure; when the hot water injected into the underground storage space reaches the predetermined injection volume, the injection is stopped, the changes in the liquid level are monitored, and the hot water is circulated and injected-extracted according to demand to meet specific needs;

[0050] Among them, hot water circulation injection-production includes two modes:

[0051] (1) Nighttime injection - mining during the day, hot water injection at night, using hot water for heating or power generation during the day. If the monitored liquid level changes significantly at night, it is necessary to check the cause and perform maintenance;

[0052] (2) Injection in summer - mining in winter, inject hot water in summer, use hot water for heating or power generation in winter. During this period: if the monitored liquid level changes significantly, it is necessary to check the cause and perform maintenance; if the monitored temperature drops by more than 10%, continue to inject hot water into the reservoir to restore the reservoir temperature. In particular, basalt underground reservoirs are buried deep, and the inherent formation temperature can also play a role in insulation.

[0053] A second aspect of the present application provides an evaluation method for constructing a reservoir by rapid mineralization of carbon dioxide in basalt. The reservoir is constructed by the method for constructing a reservoir by rapid mineralization of carbon dioxide in basalt. A quantitative evaluation method for the leakage rate during the operation period after crude oil, natural gas or hot water is injected into the constructed basalt reservoir is as follows: real-time monitoring of the temperature and pressure changes of the wellbore and the reservoir space, and when the crude oil, natural gas or hot water injected into the underground reservoir space reaches a predetermined injection volume, real-time monitoring of the liquid level changes. If the monitored formation water level does not change much, it is considered that the reservoir is operating safely; if the monitored liquid level changes greatly, it is necessary to check the cause and perform maintenance.

[0054] Although the implementation scheme of the present application has been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the specification and implementation modes, and it can be fully applicable to various fields suitable for the present application. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present application is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 performs coring at multiple points in the target area, and obtains the distribution of deep strata, especially the distribution of basalt reservoirs, through the lithology distribution of the cores; S2 tests the age, porosity and permeability of basalt reservoirs and evaluates the connectivity of basalt reservoirs; S3 performs drilling, casing and cementing operations on the target basalt reservoir, and deploys temperature and pressure sensors along the wellbore; S4: A ground CO2-water mixing pump station is deployed near the injection well to pump water from the basalt reservoir to the CO2-water mixing pump station, where it is fully mixed with CO2 gas to form CO2-saturated formation water. S5 injects formation water saturated with CO2 into the target basalt reservoir, and a reaction occurs between CO2-water-basalt reservoir near the wellbore, increasing the porosity of the basalt reservoir. Secondary mineral precipitation at the far wellbore causes the porosity of the basalt reservoir to decrease, and the space surrounded by the basalt with decreased porosity is the underground storage space. S6 Through water injection test, the airtightness of the basalt underground reservoir space and the connectivity of the reservoir space surrounding the basalt are tested; if the airtightness and connectivity are insufficient, the reaction time of the basalt mineral carbon fixation needs to be extended, and grouting is used to achieve complete airtightness of the reservoir when necessary; S7 injects crude oil or natural gas into the underground storage space to form an underground oil and gas storage; or injects hot water into the underground storage space to form an underground heat storage.

2. The method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the formation pressure of the target basalt reservoir is not less than 2.5 MPa, and the formation temperature is not more than 300°C.

3. The method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the basalt reservoir is selected from a young / Cenozoic and porous basalt reservoir, and the porosity is not less than 10%.

4. The method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the casing is made of a high-strength alloy that is resistant to acid corrosion and can withstand injection-production cycle fatigue loads and ground stress, and acid corrosion-resistant and highly sealed cementing materials are used between the casing and the wellbore to prevent leakage of injected crude oil, natural gas or hot water.

5. The method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the CO2-water mixing pump station has at least two water storage tanks, which are used to mix formation water and CO2 respectively, and store formation water for later sealing; the CO2-water concrete pump station has the function of extracting formation water from the basalt reservoir and injecting the mixed solution.

6. The method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the injection amount, injection rate and total injection time of the CO2-saturated formation water are related to the reservoir scale, and the CO2-saturated formation water injection parameters are comprehensively determined by combining the total volume of the proposed reservoir.

7. The method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, if the reservoir is not airtight and connected enough, the amount of water and reaction time of the formation water saturated with CO2 to be injected again need to be determined in combination with the water injection test until the requirements of the basalt reservoir are met; the permeability of the basalt reservoir filled with secondary mineral precipitation at the far well is less than 0.001 times the permeability of the basalt reservoir near the well.

8. The method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S7, when the basalt underground storage space stores oil and gas, crude oil or natural gas is directly injected into the underground storage space, and the temperature and pressure changes of the wellbore and the storage space are monitored in real time, and the injection pressure of the crude oil or natural gas is not greater than the bottom pressure; When the crude oil or natural gas injected into the underground storage space reaches a predetermined injection volume, water in the basalt reservoir in S4 is injected through the wellbore to seal the crude oil or natural gas, and the liquid level changes are monitored in real time. If the monitored formation water level does not change much, it is considered that the reservoir is operating safely; if the monitored liquid level changes greatly, it is necessary to check the cause and perform maintenance.

9. The method for rapidly mineralizing carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S7, when the basalt underground storage space stores heat, a surface cold water heating pump station needs to be arranged near the injection well. The water source required by the cold water heating pump station comes from the formation water used for reservoir construction, and the required energy comes from the electricity in the power grid at night when the load is low, as well as the excess wind power and solar power. The heated hot water is injected into the reservoir, and the temperature and pressure changes of the wellbore and the storage space are monitored in real time. The injection pressure of the hot water is not greater than the bottom pressure; When the hot water injected into the underground storage space reaches the predetermined injection volume, the injection is stopped, the change of the liquid level is monitored, and the hot water is circulated and injected-extracted as needed to meet specific needs; Among them, hot water circulation injection-production includes two modes: (1) Nighttime injection - mining during the day, hot water injection at night, using hot water for heating or power generation during the day. If the monitored liquid level changes significantly at night, it is necessary to check the cause and perform maintenance; (2) Injection in summer and mining in winter. Inject hot water in summer and use hot water for heating or power generation in winter. During this period: if the monitored liquid level changes significantly, it is necessary to check the cause and perform maintenance; if the monitored temperature drops by more than 10%, continue to inject hot water into the reservoir to restore the reservoir temperature.

10. A method for evaluating the rapid mineralization of carbon dioxide in basalt to construct a reservoir, characterized in that: A reservoir is constructed by the method for constructing a reservoir by rapid mineralization of carbon dioxide in basalt as described in any one of claims 1 to 9. A method for quantitatively evaluating the leakage rate during the operation period after crude oil, natural gas or hot water is injected into the constructed basalt reservoir is as follows: real-time monitoring of the temperature and pressure changes of the wellbore and the reservoir space, and when the crude oil, natural gas or hot water injected into the underground reservoir space reaches a predetermined injection volume, real-time monitoring of the liquid level changes, if the monitored formation water level changes little, it is considered that the reservoir is operating safely; if the monitored liquid level changes greatly, it is necessary to check the cause and perform maintenance.

Images