Dynamically adjustable solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated assembly

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar energy, and particularly relates to a dynamic adjustable solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated assembly which comprises a glass cover plate, a solar cell panel, a transparent back plate, a liquid channel, a shutter device, a metal frame, an air interlayer, a hot-melt adhesive film, an aluminum film, silica gel and a controller. The liquid channel is wrapped by the aluminum film winding pipe and then adheres to the lower portion of the transparent back plate to form a heat collection device, the glass cover plate, the solar cell panel and the heat collection device are sequentially connected through heat conduction sol from top to bottom, the PVT assembly is fixed to the upper portion of the inner side of the metal frame, and the shutter device is arranged on the lower portion of the inner side of the metal frame and connected with the controller through a transmission shaft. The heat preservation shutter device capable of being adjusted in a lifting mode is used for replacing a traditional heat preservation layer, a shutter blind of the shutter device is opened under the high-temperature working condition in summer to cool the photovoltaic panel, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel is improved; in winter, a shutter blind of the shutter device is closed to resist the influence of external cold air, and the heat collection effect of the heat collection device is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solar energy, and in particular relates to a dynamically adjustable solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated component. Background Art

[0002] With the world's high attention to clean energy and sustainable development, renewable energy has shown great potential and value worldwide. As a green and clean renewable energy, solar photovoltaic power generation technology has been commercialized and widely used around the world. Although solar photovoltaic power generation has made significant progress in technology and market, it still faces some problems and challenges.

[0003] Photovoltaic-thermal integration (PVT) modules are a technology that combines photovoltaic power generation and thermal energy collection. By integrating photovoltaic modules and thermal energy collection devices, the production of electricity and thermal energy is achieved simultaneously. The thermal collector uses the cold medium in the metal channel to take away the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panel to achieve heat collection. Traditional PVT modules usually use non-adjustable insulation layers. In the high temperature environment of summer, the sunshine time is long and the photovoltaic modules are running continuously. Although there are thermal collectors to collect heat, it is difficult to release the excess heat in the cavity in time, causing the photovoltaic panel to continue to be high in temperature. This not only affects the power generation, but also poses a great safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dynamically adjustable solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated component to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a dynamically adjustable solar photovoltaic and thermal integration component, comprising a glass cover, a solar cell panel, a transparent back plate, a liquid channel, a shutter device, a metal frame, an air interlayer, a hot melt film, an aluminum film, a silica gel and a controller; the liquid channel is wrapped with an aluminum film around a tube and then adhered to the bottom of the transparent back plate to form a heat collecting device, the glass cover, the solar cell panel and the heat collecting device are connected in sequence from top to bottom with a thermally conductive melt to form a photovoltaic and thermal integration component, the PVT component is fixed to the upper inner side of the metal frame, the shutter device is arranged at the lower inner side of the metal frame, an air interlayer is contained between the shutter device and the PVT component, the shutter device is connected to the controller through a transmission shaft, when the temperature of the photovoltaic component is ≥30°C and heat dissipation is required, the controller receives a signal and drives the transmission rod to open the shutter of the shutter device; when the temperature of the photovoltaic component is <30°C and insulation is required, the controller receives a signal and drives the transmission rod to close the shutter of the shutter device.

[0006] Preferably, the shutter device includes a venetian blind, a sliding slot of the venetian blind, a transmission shaft, a storage slot of the venetian blind and a controller. The sliding slot of the venetian blind is fixed on the inner side of the metal frame, both sides of the venetian blind are connected to the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is slidably connected to the sliding slot of the venetian blind, and the storage slot of the venetian blind is used to store the venetian blind.

[0007] Preferably, the surface of the glass cover is coated with a selective solar energy absorption coating, which effectively absorbs low-energy visible light and infrared light, reflects high-energy short-wavelength light, and avoids radiation damage to the photovoltaic panel caused by short-wavelength light.

[0008] Preferably, the solar panel has a plurality of photovoltaic cells arranged in a matrix, and a row of storage batteries is arranged separately on one side thereof, for storing electric energy and supplying power to the controller and the temperature sensor when there is insufficient light.

[0009] Preferably, a temperature sensor is installed on the lower side of the transparent back plate, which can efficiently sense the temperature so as to dissipate heat and keep warm in time, thus preventing the battery from overheating and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the liquid channel is a serpentine tube, which is horizontally arranged below the transparent back plate, and the number of parallel tubes of the serpentine tube corresponds one to one to the number of columns of the photovoltaic matrix.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention adopts a dynamically adjustable photovoltaic-thermal integrated component design, and replaces the traditional insulation layer with a dynamically liftable thermal insulation louver device. Opening the louver curtain of the louver device can efficiently dissipate heat from the solar cell panel under high temperature in summer, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. Closing the louver curtain of the louver device can effectively resist the cold air in winter to ensure the user's hot water demand.

[0012] (2) In the present invention, there is another battery group on one side of the solar panel. The solar panel absorbs solar energy and converts it into electrical energy. When there is sufficient light during the day, the solar cell assembly charges the battery. In the morning or evening when there is insufficient light, the battery group provides power to the controller and the temperature sensor, thereby realizing the normal operation of the adjustable blinds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1a and Figure 1b They are respectively cross-sectional schematic diagrams of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 The solar panel structure diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 is a perspective view of a shutter device of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4is the distribution diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a battery working flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0020] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fixed connection" and "fixed connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0022] like Figure 1a and Figure 1bAs shown, a dynamically adjustable solar photovoltaic and thermal integration component includes a glass cover plate 1, a solar cell panel 2, a transparent back plate 3, a liquid channel 4, a shutter device 5, a metal frame 6, an air interlayer 7, a hot melt adhesive film 8, an aluminum film 9, a silica gel 10 and a controller 11; the liquid channel 4 is wrapped with the aluminum film 9 and then adhered to the bottom of the transparent back plate 3, and then the silica gel 10 is pressed on the surface of the aluminum film 9 under high pressure to form a flat heat collection device II. Compared with welding, this method effectively reduces the heat transfer resistance and improves the heat transfer effect. Further, the liquid channel 4 is a serpentine tube, the heat transfer medium in the liquid pipe 4 is water, the serpentine tube is horizontally arranged below the transparent back plate 3, and the number of parallel tubes of the serpentine tube corresponds to the number of columns of the photovoltaic matrix 21.

[0023] The glass cover plate 1 and the heat collecting device II are respectively located above and below the solar cell panel 2, and are filled with hot melt adhesive 8 in the middle, which is laminated with the hot melt adhesive 8 to form a photovoltaic-thermal integration (PVT) component I.

[0024] The PVT assembly 1 is fixed to the upper inner part of the metal frame 6, and the shutter device 5 is installed on the lower inner part of the metal frame 6. The metal frame 6 is made of stainless steel and is fixed to the sloping roof through a photovoltaic bracket. Figure 4 As described above, a water inlet pipe hole groove 61 and a water outlet pipe hole groove 62 are provided on the side of the metal frame 6 .

[0025] Specifically, in this embodiment, the shutter device 5 includes a shutter 51, a shutter device sliding slot 52, a transmission shaft 53, a shutter device storage slot 54 and a controller 11; there is an air interlayer 7 between the shutter device 5 and the PVT component I, and the photovoltaic component can store the heat generated in the air interlayer 7 during the photoelectric conversion process. The design of the air interlayer 7 can reduce the transmission of heat and improve the insulation effect; the heat transfer medium in the air interlayer 7 is air. In this embodiment, when the solar panel 2 needs to dissipate heat, the controller 11 controls the transmission shaft 53 to drive the shutter 51 to rise smoothly in the shutter device sliding slot 52, and finally stores the shutter 41 in the shutter device storage slot 54; when the temperature is low, the controller 11 controls the transmission shaft 53 to drive the shutter 51 to descend smoothly in the shutter device sliding slot 52 until it is fully opened.

[0026] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the surface of the glass cover plate 1 is electroplated with a solar selective absorption coating, such as a black chromium, black nickel or black cobalt coating, which can effectively absorb low-energy long-wavelength light (visible light and infrared light) and reflect high-energy short-wavelength light (ultraviolet light and blue light). While improving the light-to-heat conversion efficiency, it can avoid radiation damage to the photovoltaic panel caused by long-term exposure to ultraviolet rays.

[0027] like Figure 2As shown, the surface of the solar panel 2 has a plurality of photovoltaic cells 21 arranged in a matrix, and on one side there is another row of storage battery groups 22 arranged separately, which are used to store electrical energy to ensure the normal operation of the controller 11 and the temperature sensor; the photovoltaic cell 21 can be a single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon photovoltaic module, or a thin film photovoltaic such as copper indium gallium selenide and cadmium telluride. In this embodiment, the solar panel 2 absorbs solar energy and converts it into electrical energy. When there is sufficient light during the day, the solar cell assembly 21 charges the storage battery 22. In the morning or evening when there is insufficient light, the storage battery group 22 provides power to the controller 11 and the temperature sensor, so as to realize the normal operation of the adjustable shutter device 5.

[0028] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the battery 22 is installed on one side of the photovoltaic panel 2, and the temperature sensor is installed on the lower side of the transparent back plate 3. In this design, the temperature sensor is closely attached to the back side of the transparent back plate 3, and can be at any position on the back side of the transparent back plate 3, and no specific marking is made in the figure; the controller 11 is placed in the shutter device 5. In this embodiment, the battery 22 supplies power to the controller 11 and the temperature sensor. The temperature sensor senses the temperature and transmits the signal to the controller 11, and the controller 11 controls the opening and closing of the venetian blind 51. In this embodiment, when the temperature is too high (≥30°C) and heat dissipation is required, the high temperature signal is sent to the controller 11, and the controller 11 controls the transmission shaft 53 to unfold the venetian blind 51 of the venetian blind device after receiving the signal; when the temperature is low (<30°C) and heat preservation is required, the temperature sensor sends a low temperature signal to the controller 11, and the controller 11 controls the transmission shaft 53 to fold and retract the venetian blind 51 of the venetian blind device after receiving the signal.

[0029] The invention discloses a dynamically adjustable photovoltaic-thermal integrated assembly with three working modes: a summer operation mode when there is sufficient sunlight during the day (i.e., a heat dissipation and cooling mode), a summer operation mode when there is insufficient sunlight in the morning and evening (i.e., a heat preservation mode), and a winter operation mode (i.e., a heat preservation and heating mode). The heat preservation layer is an adjustable and liftable shutter device, which has good adaptability to climate changes throughout the year.

[0030] It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamically adjustable solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated assembly, characterized in that: It includes a glass cover, a solar panel, a transparent back panel, a liquid channel, a shutter device, a metal frame, an air interlayer, a hot melt film, an aluminum film, a silica gel and a controller; the liquid channel is wrapped with an aluminum film around a tube and then adhered to the bottom of the transparent back panel to form a heat collecting device; the glass cover, the solar panel and the heat collecting device are connected in sequence from top to bottom with a heat-conducting melt to form a photovoltaic thermal integration component; the PVT component is fixed on the upper inner side of the metal frame, the shutter device is arranged on the lower inner side of the metal frame, an air interlayer is included between the shutter device and the PVT component, the shutter device is connected to the controller, when the temperature of the photovoltaic component is ≥30°C and heat dissipation is required, the controller receives a signal and drives the transmission rod to open the shutter of the shutter device; when the temperature of the photovoltaic component is <30°C and insulation is required, the controller receives a signal and drives the transmission rod to close the shutter of the shutter device.

2. The dynamically adjustable solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shutter device adopts the existing structure. Specifically, the shutter device includes a venetian blind, a sliding slot of the venetian blind, a transmission shaft, a storage slot of the venetian blind and a controller. The sliding slot of the venetian blind is fixed on the inner side of the metal frame. Both sides of the venetian blind are connected to the transmission shaft. The transmission shaft is slidably connected to the sliding slot of the venetian blind, and the storage slot of the venetian blind is used to store the venetian blind. It can be electrically controlled during operation, and the controller drives the transmission shaft to realize the lifting and lowering of the venetian blind. The specific structure is designed according to the existing venetian blind device.

3. The dynamically adjustable solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the glass cover is coated with a selective solar energy absorbing coating f.

4. The dynamically adjustable solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the solar cell panel has a plurality of photovoltaic cells arranged in a matrix, and on one side of the solar cell panel there is another row of storage battery packs arranged separately.

5. The dynamically adjustable solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is installed on the lower side of the transparent back plate.

6. The dynamically adjustable solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid channel is a serpentine tube, which is horizontally arranged below the transparent back plate, and the number of parallel tubes of the serpentine tube corresponds one to one with the number of columns of the photovoltaic matrix.

7. A control method for a dynamically adjustable solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated assembly, characterized in that: The integrated component comprises any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the component comprises three working modes, namely: heat dissipation and cooling mode, heat preservation mode and heat preservation and heating mode: The working method of the heat dissipation and cooling mode is as follows: when there is sufficient sunlight during the day in summer, the temperature of the photovoltaic module continues to rise during the working process. When the temperature is ≥30°C, heat dissipation is required. The temperature sensor transmits a signal to the controller receiving end. At this time, after receiving the signal, the controller drives the transmission rod to open the venetian blinds of the louver device for heat dissipation; The working method of the insulation mode is as follows: when there is insufficient light in the morning and evening in summer, the temperature of the photovoltaic module is low. When the temperature is less than 30°C, the temperature sensor transmits the signal to the controller receiving end. At this time, the controller controls the blinds of the blinds device not to open and enters the insulation mode; The working method of the thermal insulation heating mode is: in winter, the sunlight is insufficient and the temperature of the photovoltaic panels is low. In this working condition, it is generally not necessary to open the blinds to dissipate heat. Under this working condition, the photovoltaic components have a high photoelectric conversion efficiency and store the heat generated during the conversion process in the air interlayer, which can be used by users at the end. In the above three operating conditions, in winter or in the morning and evening when there is insufficient light, the battery pack provides power for the controller and the temperature sensor.

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