Special variable-diameter down-the-hole drill bit for drilling deep blast hole in large strip mine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of punching equipment, and particularly relates to a special variable-diameter down-the-hole drill bit for large strip mine deep blast hole punching, which comprises a drill bit neck, a drill bit body is fixedly connected to the drill bit neck, first drill teeth are fixedly mounted on the drill bit body, square grooves are formed in the drill bit body in an array manner, and adjusting assemblies are arranged in the square grooves. A square block is arranged in the square groove in a penetrating mode, one end of the square block is fixedly connected with a reaming head, and a frame is arranged in the square block. According to the special variable-diameter down-the-hole drill bit for drilling the deep blast holes in the large strip mine, through the arranged square block and the reaming head, the blast holes with different diameters can be conveniently excavated for use, so that when the explosive consumption is increased and the blasting effect is ensured, the micro motor works to enable the square block to move, and through cooperation of the reaming head after the square block is moved, the drilling efficiency is improved; when the drill bit body rotates, the reaming head can be driven to do circular motion, the area of a digging and penetrating site of the drill bit body is enlarged through the reaming head, and the purpose of enlarging and adjusting the diameter of a dug blast hole is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of perforating equipment, in particular to a variable-diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines. Background Art

[0002] Conventional high-strength, wear-resistant carbide drill bits have good durability and service life, and the structural design has good drainage and chip removal channels, but the function is too single. Looking at the entire length of the blasthole, the consistency of the blasthole cross section determines that the energy distribution of the explosive is basically balanced in the axial direction, making it difficult to adaptively adjust the charge in the hole according to the changes in rock properties and terrain to meet actual needs. To this end, we have innovated a variable-diameter down-the-hole drill bit specifically for deep blasthole drilling in large open-pit mines.

[0003] The variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially designed for deep blasthole drilling in large open-pit mines is a special drill bit designed to cope with changes in terrain and geological conditions. It is specially used for deep blasthole drilling operations in open-pit mines. It can not only adapt to deep blasthole drilling construction in open-pit mines such as coal mines and metal mines, but also can solve the problem of charge adjustment faced under various abnormal conditions according to the terrain, geological differences and corresponding energy distribution changes at different locations of the blasthole, significantly improve blasting efficiency and reduce construction costs.

[0004] A Chinese patent with publication number CN207003516U discloses a construction excavation device including a tractor and an L-shaped fixed plate installed on one side of the tractor, a mounting plate is slidably installed on the side of the L-shaped fixed plate away from the tractor, and the mounting plate is vertically arranged with the L-shaped fixed plate, an excavation drill bit is installed on the mounting plate, and the excavation drill bit includes a body that is movably sleeved with the mounting plate, and the body is vertically arranged with the mounting plate, and the outer side of the end of the body close to the mounting plate is movably sleeved with a collar that is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, and the inner ring of the collar is sequentially provided with a first annular connecting groove and a second connecting groove in a vertical direction, and a conical drill bit is installed at the end of the body away from the mounting plate, and the interior of the body is provided with a first channel and a second channel along its length direction. The design of the utility model enables the excavation drill bit to have the functions of absorbing sewage and spraying water to soften the soil while drilling the soil, which facilitates the excavation device to adapt to excavation operations in different occasions and improves the excavation efficiency of the excavation device.

[0005] In mine blasting, deep hole blasting is the most conventional blasting method. However, faced with complex and changeable mine terrain and geological conditions, especially dealing with complex and changeable rock environmental conditions. In order to improve the blasting effect, the diameter of the blastholes in each section with changing rock properties is adjusted to effectively adjust the energy distribution of the explosives and ensure the effectiveness of the blasting. However, the commonly used variable diameter down-the-hole drill bits for deep blasthole drilling in large open-pit mines often have a fixed borehole diameter when in use, which to a certain extent limits their practical application under complex geological conditions and makes it impossible to adjust the borehole diameter.

[0006] To this end, the invention provides a variable-diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to make up for the shortcomings of the existing technology and solve the problem that it is inconvenient to dig blastholes of different diameters for efficient blasting in mines, an innovative variable-diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially designed for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines was developed.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: the variable-diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines described in the present invention comprises a drill neck, the drill neck is fixedly connected to a drill body, a No. 1 drill tooth is fixedly installed on the drill body, a square groove is arranged in an array inside the drill body, an adjustment component is arranged inside the square groove, a square block is penetrated inside the square groove, a reaming head is fixedly connected to one end of the square block, a frame is arranged inside the square block, a driving component is arranged inside the frame, a vibration component is arranged inside the frame, a wind power component is arranged inside the frame, and a No. 2 drill tooth is fixedly installed on the bottom of the square block.

[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the down-the-hole drill bit is connected to the drilling rig through the drill neck, the drill body is moved to the excavation site, and the drill body is rotated and impacted. Through the cooperation of the No. 1 drill tooth and the No. 2 drill tooth, deep blast holes can be excavated and drilled. In some geological environments with hard rock formations, a certain section in the middle and lower part of the blast hole is a hard rock formation. For this section of rock formation, the blast hole is enlarged to increase the amount of explosives. When ensuring the blasting effect, the movement of the adjustment component will cause the square block to move outward. When the square block moves, it will drive the reaming head to move outward. Then, when the drill body rotates, it will drive the reaming head to make a circular motion. The reaming head expands the area of ​​the excavation and drilling site of the drill body, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the diameter of the excavated blast hole.

[0010] Preferably, a sealed box is provided inside the square groove, and the adjustment assembly includes a micro motor, a threaded rod and a threaded barrel. The micro motor is fixedly installed inside the sealed box, one end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the micro motor, and one end of the threaded rod extends into the square groove, the threaded barrel is fixedly installed inside the square block, and the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the threaded barrel, and a guide assembly is provided inside the square groove.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the micro motor is operated to drive the threaded rod to rotate. When the threaded rod rotates, the position of the square block is moved through the cooperation of the threaded cylinder. The square block is guided by the guide assembly to move smoothly. After the square block moves, the diameter of the blast hole can be expanded through the cooperation of the reaming head.

[0012] Preferably, the guide assembly includes a guide cylinder and a guide rod, the guide cylinder is fixedly installed inside the square block, the guide rod is passed through the guide cylinder, and one end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the sealing box, and a sealing assembly is arranged inside the square groove.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the square block moves, the guide cylinder will be driven to slide on the guide rod, and then the square block will move smoothly through the cooperation between the two.

[0014] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes a receiving groove and a sealing plate, the receiving groove is arranged inside the square block, the sealing plate is passed through the receiving groove, and one end of the sealing plate is fixedly connected to the sealing box, and a ventilation assembly is arranged on the frame.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the square block moves, it will drive the storage groove to slide on the sealing plate. The sealing plate is penetrated inside the storage groove. The sealing plate cooperates with the storage groove to effectively seal the gap between the square block and the sealing box.

[0016] Preferably, the ventilation assembly includes a connecting pipe and a filter screen, the connecting pipe is symmetrically arranged on the frame, and the connecting pipe extends out of a square block, and the filter screen is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting pipe.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the air entering the connecting pipe can be filtered through the filter, and the filtered air will flow into the frame through the connecting pipe.

[0018] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a through groove, a driving wheel, a support frame and a rotating rod, the through groove is arranged on the frame, the support frame is fixedly installed inside the frame, the rotating rod is passed through the support frame, the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the center position of the driving wheel, and one side of the driving wheel extends out of the frame through the through groove, one end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a protrusion, and the other end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a driving gear.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the drill bit body is rotated to drive the square block to move. When the square block moves, the driving wheel contacts the rock surface below, causing the driving wheel to rotate. When the driving wheel moves, the protrusion and the driving gear are rotated through the rotating rod.

[0020] Preferably, the vibration assembly includes a movable frame, a guide shaft, a sliding plate, a return spring, a knocking block, a strip plate and a driving block. The movable frame is fixedly installed inside the frame, the guide shaft is symmetrically installed inside the movable frame, the sliding plate is arranged inside the movable frame, and the guide shaft passes through the sliding plate, the knocking block is fixedly installed inside the movable frame, and the knocking block is located below the sliding plate, the return spring is arranged around the guide shaft, one end of the strip plate is fixedly connected to the sliding plate, and one end of the strip plate extends out of the movable frame, the driving block is fixedly connected to one end of the strip plate, and the driving block is located directly above the protrusion.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the protrusion is driven to move by the rotation of the rotating rod, after the protrusion contacts the driving block, it will push the strip plate to move upward, and the strip plate will push the sliding plate to slide on the guide shaft, thereby making the sliding plate move smoothly. When the protrusion continues to move and no longer contacts the driving block, the reset spring will reset, which will push the sliding plate to reset and contact and collide with the knocking block, thereby causing the square block to vibrate, and this process is repeated. The impurities adsorbed on the reaming head will be vibrated and removed through the vibration of the square block.

[0022] Preferably, a frame body is fixedly installed inside the frame, a rotating shaft is passed through the frame body, a driven gear is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, and the driven gear is meshed with the driving gear.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the frame provides an installation space for the rotating shaft through the frame body, and the rotating shaft provides an installation space for the driven gear. When the rotating rod moves, it will drive the driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear and the driven gear will cooperate to make the rotating shaft rotate inside the frame body.

[0024] Preferably, the wind power component includes a support plate, a fan casing and an impeller, the support plate is fixedly mounted inside the frame, the fan casing is fixedly mounted on the support plate, and one end of the rotating shaft extends into the fan casing, the impeller is arranged inside the fan casing, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the impeller, and a conveying pipe is arranged on the fan casing.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotation of the rotating shaft will drive the impeller to rotate, and then the impeller will compress and transmit the air inside the fan casing when it moves, generating wind force, and the wind force is transmitted through the delivery pipe.

[0026] Preferably, the square block is inlaid with a diversion groove, and the delivery pipe is connected to the diversion groove, and the diversion groove is arrayed with exhaust heads.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, wind will flow into the diversion groove through the conveying pipe, and then the wind will flow to the bottom of the drill bit body through the exhaust head. When the wind flows, the rock cuttings under the drill bit body can flow quickly, making it easier for the rock cuttings to flow to the discharge system and be quickly discharged to the outside.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines described in the present invention is convenient for digging blastholes of different diameters through the provided square blocks and reaming heads. When the blastholes are enlarged to increase the amount of explosives and ensure the blasting effect, the micro motor is operated to drive the threaded rod to rotate, and the position of the square block is moved through the cooperation of the threaded barrel. The square block is guided by the guide assembly to move the square block smoothly. After the square block moves, it cooperates with the reaming head, and then when the drill body rotates, it drives the reaming head to make a circular motion. The reaming head expands the area of ​​the excavation and drilling location of the drill body, thereby achieving the purpose of expanding and adjusting the diameter of the excavated blasthole, improving the flexibility of the variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines, and facilitating the excavation and drilling of blastholes of different sizes for blasting.

[0029] 2. The variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines described in the present invention is convenient for removing adsorbed impurities through the arranged driving wheel and knocking block. When the drill bit body rotates to excavate the deep blasthole, the drill bit body rotates, driving the square block to move, so that the driving wheel contacts the rock surface below, which causes the driving wheel to rotate. When the driving wheel moves, the protrusion and the driving gear are rotated through the rotating rod. When the rotating rod rotates to drive the protrusion to move, after the protrusion contacts the driving block, it pushes the strip plate to move upward, and the sliding plate is pushed to slide on the guide shaft through the strip plate. When the protrusion continues to move and no longer contacts the driving block, the reset spring resets, which will push the sliding plate to reset and contact and collide with the knocking block, thereby causing the square block to vibrate, and so on and so forth. The impurities adsorbed on the reaming head are vibrated and removed through the vibration of the square block, thereby effectively avoiding the excessive impurities adsorbed on the reaming head from affecting the use, thereby improving the cleanliness.

[0030] 3. The variable-diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines described in the present invention facilitates the rapid flow of rock cuttings drilled out from under the drill bit for discharge through the exhaust head provided. When the rotating rod rotates, it drives the driving gear to move, and the driven gear cooperates to rotate the impeller, and then the impeller compresses and transmits the air inside the fan casing when it moves, generating wind force. The wind force is transported through the conveying pipe, flows into the inside of the diversion trough, and then flows to the bottom of the drill bit body through the exhaust head. When the wind force flows, it can carry the rock cuttings under the drill bit body to flow quickly, thereby facilitating the rock cuttings to flow to the discharge system, so that the rock cuttings are quickly discharged to the outside, thereby improving the efficiency of rock cuttings discharge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic diagram of a variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drill body of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the square block of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the square groove in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting pipe in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating rod in the present invention; Figure 7 The present invention Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure in the middle; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft in the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. drill neck; 2. drill body; 3. No. 1 drill tooth; 4. square groove; 5. square block; 6. No. 2 drill tooth; 7. reaming head; 8. sealing box; 9. micro motor; 10. threaded rod; 11. threaded cylinder; 12. guide cylinder; 13. guide rod; 14. frame; 15. connecting pipe; 16. filter screen; 17. through groove; 18. driving wheel; 19. support frame; 20. rotating rod; 21. convex block; 22. movable frame; 23. guide shaft; 24. sliding plate; 25. reset spring; 26. knock block; 27. strip plate; 28. driving block; 29. ​​driving gear; 30. frame; 31. rotating shaft; 32. driven gear; 33. fan casing; 34. support plate; 35. impeller; 36. conveying pipe; 37. receiving groove; 38. sealing plate; 39. diverter groove; 40. exhaust head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, a variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines comprises a drill neck 1, the drill neck 1 is fixedly connected with a drill body 2, a No. 1 drill tooth 3 is fixedly installed on the drill body 2, a square groove 4 is arranged in an array inside the drill body 2, an adjustment component is arranged inside the square groove 4, a square block 5 is penetrated inside the square groove 4, a reaming head 7 is fixedly connected to one end of the square block 5, a frame 14 is arranged inside the square block 5, a driving component is arranged inside the frame 14, a vibration component is arranged inside the frame 14, a wind component is arranged inside the frame 14, and a No. 2 drill tooth 6 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the square block 5. When blasting the mine, when using a variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines to excavate the deep blasthole, a connecting hole is arranged at the tail of the drill neck 1, and the drill neck 1 can be connected to the drilling rig through the connecting hole. After the down-the-hole drill bit is connected to the drilling rig, the drill body 2 is moved to the excavation site through the cooperation of the drilling rig, and the drill body 2 is rotated and impacted to pass through the No. 1 drill. The cooperation of the tooth 3 and the No. 2 drill tooth 6 can be used for deep blasthole excavation and drilling. In some geological environments with hard rock formations, a certain section in the middle and lower part of the blasthole is a hard rock formation. For this section of rock formation, the blasthole is enlarged to increase the amount of explosives. When ensuring the blasting effect, the movement of the adjustment component will cause the square block 5 to move outward. When the square block 5 moves, it will drive the reaming head 7 to move outward, and then when the drill bit body 2 rotates, it will drive the reaming head 7 to make a circular motion. The reaming head 7 expands the area of ​​the excavation and drilling location of the drill bit body 2, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the diameter of the excavated blasthole. When the drill bit body 2 rotates to excavate a deep blasthole, the drive component will move, the vibration component will move, and vibration will be generated, which will cause the square block 5 and the reaming head 7 to vibrate, which can effectively remove the adsorbed substances on the surface thereof, and at the same time, it will drive the wind force component to move to generate wind force. After the wind force flows to the bottom of the drill bit body 2, it will cause the rock cuttings generated by the excavation of the drill bit body 2 to flow, which can improve the efficiency of rock cuttings discharge.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a sealed box 8 is provided inside the square groove 4, and the adjustment component includes a micro motor 9, a threaded rod 10 and a threaded barrel 11. The micro motor 9 is fixedly installed inside the sealed box 8, one end of the threaded rod 10 is fixedly connected to the output end of the micro motor 9, and one end of the threaded rod 10 extends to the inside of the square groove 4, the threaded barrel 11 is fixedly installed inside the square block 5, and the threaded rod 10 is threadedly connected to the threaded barrel 11. A guide component is provided inside the square groove 4, and the square groove 4 provides an installation space for the sealed box 8. When the position of the square block 5 needs to be adjusted, the micro motor 9 will drive the threaded rod 10 to rotate when it is working. When the threaded rod 10 rotates, the position of the square block 5 will move through the cooperation of the threaded barrel 11. The square block 5 will be guided by the guide component, so that the square block 5 can move smoothly. After the square block 5 moves, the diameter of the blasthole can be expanded through the cooperation of the reaming head 7. The micro motor 9 is electrically connected to the external power supply and can control the micro motor 9 to work.

[0037] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the guide assembly includes a guide cylinder 12 and a guide rod 13. The guide cylinder 12 is fixedly installed inside the square block 5, and the guide rod 13 is inserted into the guide cylinder 12. One end of the guide rod 13 is fixedly connected to the sealing box 8. A sealing assembly is arranged inside the square groove 4. When the square block 5 moves, the guide cylinder 12 will be driven to slide on the guide rod 13, and then the square block 5 will move smoothly through the cooperation between the two. When the square block 5 moves, the sealing assembly can effectively seal the gap between the square block 5 and the sealing box 8 to prevent external impurities from entering the location of the threaded rod 10 and affecting the use.

[0038] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the sealing component includes a receiving groove 37 and a sealing plate 38. The receiving groove 37 is arranged inside the square block 5, and the sealing plate 38 is passed through the receiving groove 37. One end of the sealing plate 38 is fixedly connected to the sealing box 8. A ventilation component is arranged on the frame 14. When the square block 5 moves, the receiving groove 37 will be driven to slide on the sealing plate 38. The sealing plate 38 is passed through the receiving groove 37. The gap between the square block 5 and the sealing box 8 will be effectively sealed through the sealing plate 38 and the receiving groove 37.

[0039] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the ventilation assembly includes a connecting pipe 15 and a filter 16. The connecting pipe 15 is symmetrically arranged on the frame 14, and the connecting pipe 15 extends out of the square block 5. The filter 16 is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting pipe 15. After the air entering the connecting pipe 15 is filtered by the filter 16, it will flow to the frame 14 through the connecting pipe 15.

[0040] like Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the driving assembly includes a through groove 17, a driving wheel 18, a support frame 19 and a rotating rod 20. The through groove 17 is arranged on the frame 14, the support frame 19 is fixedly installed inside the frame 14, the rotating rod 20 is penetrated inside the support frame 19, the rotating rod 20 is fixedly connected to the center position of the driving wheel 18, and one side of the driving wheel 18 extends out of the frame 14 through the through groove 17, one end of the rotating rod 20 is fixedly connected with a protrusion 21, and the other end of the rotating rod 20 is fixedly connected with a driving gear 29. When the driving assembly moves, the drill body 2 is rotated, which will drive the square block 5 to move. When the square block 5 moves, the driving wheel 18 contacts the rock surface below, which will cause the driving wheel 18 to rotate. When the driving wheel 18 moves, the protrusion 21 and the driving gear 29 are rotated through the rotating rod 20.

[0041] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the vibration assembly includes a movable frame 22, a guide shaft 23, a sliding plate 24, a return spring 25, a knocking block 26, a strip plate 27 and a driving block 28. The movable frame 22 is fixedly installed inside the frame 14, the guide shaft 23 is symmetrically installed inside the movable frame 22, the sliding plate 24 is arranged inside the movable frame 22, and the guide shaft 23 passes through the sliding plate 24, the knocking block 26 is fixedly installed inside the movable frame 22, and the knocking block 26 is located below the sliding plate 24, the return spring 25 is arranged around the guide shaft 23, one end of the strip plate 27 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 24, and one end of the strip plate 27 extends out of the movable frame 22, and the driving block 28 is fixedly connected to one end of the strip plate 27 , and the driving block 28 is located directly above the protrusion 21. When the rotating rod 20 rotates to drive the protrusion 21 to move, after the protrusion 21 contacts the driving block 28, it will push the strip plate 27 to move upward, and the strip plate 27 will push the sliding plate 24 to slide on the guide shaft 23, so that the sliding plate 24 moves smoothly. When the protrusion 21 continues to move and no longer contacts the driving block 28, the reset spring 25 resets, which will push the sliding plate 24 to reset and contact and collide with the knocking block 26, thereby causing the square block 5 to vibrate. This is repeated, and the impurities adsorbed on the reaming head 7 will be vibrated and removed through the vibration of the square block 5, thereby effectively avoiding excessive impurities adsorbed on the reaming head 7 affecting its use.

[0042] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, a frame body 30 is fixedly installed inside the frame 14, a rotating shaft 31 is passed through the frame body 30, a driven gear 32 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 31, and the driven gear 32 is meshed with the driving gear 29. The frame 14 provides an installation space for the rotating shaft 31 through the frame body 30, and the rotating shaft 31 provides an installation space for the driven gear 32. When the rotating rod 20 moves, it will drive the driving gear 29 to rotate, and the driving gear 29 cooperates with the driven gear 32 to make the rotating shaft 31 rotate inside the frame body 30.

[0043] like Figure 8 As shown, the wind power component includes a support plate 34, a fan casing 33 and an impeller 35. The support plate 34 is fixedly installed inside the frame 14, the fan casing 33 is fixedly installed on the support plate 34, and one end of the rotating shaft 31 extends to the inside of the fan casing 33. The impeller 35 is arranged inside the fan casing 33, and the rotating shaft 31 is fixedly connected to the impeller 35. A conveying pipe 36 is arranged on the fan casing 33. When the rotating shaft 31 rotates, the impeller 35 is driven to rotate, and then when the impeller 35 moves, the air inside the fan casing 33 is compressed and transmitted to generate wind force, and the wind force is transported through the conveying pipe 36.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the square block 5 is inlaid with a diverter groove 39, and the delivery pipe 36 is connected to the diverter groove 39. An exhaust head 40 is arranged in an array on the diverter groove 39. The wind flow will enter the inside of the diverter groove 39 through the delivery pipe 36, and then the wind will flow to the bottom of the drill bit body 2 through the exhaust head 40. When the wind flows, the rock cuttings under the drill bit body 2 can flow quickly, and then it is convenient for the rock cuttings to flow to the discharge system, so that the rock cuttings can be quickly discharged to the outside, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0045] Working principle: First, when blasting a mine, a variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for deep blasthole drilling in a large open-pit mine is used to dig a deep blasthole. After the down-the-hole drill bit is connected to the drilling rig through the drill neck 1, the drill body 2 is moved to the excavation site, and the drill body 2 is rotated and impacted. The deep blasthole can be excavated and drilled through the cooperation of the No. 1 drill tooth 3 and the No. 2 drill tooth 6. In some geological environments with hard rock formations, a certain section in the middle and lower part of the blasthole is a hard rock formation. For this section of rock formation, the blasthole is enlarged to increase the amount of explosives. When the blasting effect is ensured, the micro motor 9 is operated to drive the threaded rod 10 to rotate, and the threaded rod 10 rotates When the square block 5 is moved, the threaded barrel 11 cooperates with the square block 5, and the square block 5 is guided by the guide assembly to move the square block 5 smoothly. After the square block 5 moves, the reaming head 7 cooperates with the drill body 2, and then when the drill body 2 rotates, the reaming head 7 is driven to make a circular motion. The reaming head 7 expands the area of ​​the drill body 2 to dig and drill the location, thereby achieving the purpose of expanding and adjusting the diameter of the excavated blasthole. When the drill body 2 rotates to dig a deep blasthole, the drill body 2 rotates, which drives the square block 5 to move. When the square block 5 moves, the driving wheel 18 contacts the rock surface below, which causes the driving wheel 18 to move. When the driving wheel 18 moves, the rotating rod 20 will rotate the protrusion 21 and the driving gear 29. When the rotating rod 20 rotates and drives the protrusion 21 to move, the protrusion 21 will push the strip plate 27 to move upward after contacting the driving block 28. The strip plate 27 will push the sliding plate 24 to slide on the guide shaft 23, so that the sliding plate 24 moves smoothly. When the protrusion 21 continues to move and no longer contacts the driving block 28, the reset spring 25 will reset, which will push the sliding plate 24 to reset and contact and collide with the knocking block 26, thereby causing the square block 5 to vibrate. This is repeated, and the vibration of the square block 5 will cause the adsorption on the reaming head 7 to be stimulated. Impurities are vibrated and removed, thereby effectively preventing excessive impurities adsorbed on the reaming head 7 from affecting its use. When the rotating shaft 31 rotates, the impeller 35 is driven to rotate, and then when the impeller 35 moves, the air inside the fan housing 33 is compressed and transmitted to generate wind power. The wind power is transported through the delivery pipe 36, and the wind power flows into the diverter groove 39 through the delivery pipe 36, and then the wind power flows to the bottom of the drill bit body 2 through the exhaust head 40. When the wind power flows, the rock cuttings under the drill bit body 2 can flow quickly, which makes it easier for the rock cuttings to flow to the discharge system, so that the rock cuttings can be quickly discharged to the outside, thereby improving the efficiency of rock cutting discharge.

[0046] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines, characterized by: The drill bit comprises a drill neck (1), the drill neck (1) is fixedly connected to a drill body (2), a first drill tooth (3) is fixedly mounted on the drill body (2), a square groove (4) is arranged in an array inside the drill body (2), an adjustment component is arranged inside the square groove (4), a square block (5) is penetrated inside the square groove (4), a reaming head (7) is fixedly connected to one end of the square block (5), a frame (14) is arranged inside the square block (5), a driving component is arranged inside the frame (14), a vibration component is arranged inside the frame (14), a wind component is arranged inside the frame (14), and a second drill tooth (6) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the square block (5).

2. The variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines according to claim 1 is characterized by: A sealing box (8) is arranged inside the square groove (4); the adjustment component comprises a micro motor (9), a threaded rod (10) and a threaded barrel (11); the micro motor (9) is fixedly mounted inside the sealing box (8); one end of the threaded rod (10) is fixedly connected to the output end of the micro motor (9), and one end of the threaded rod (10) extends into the square groove (4); the threaded barrel (11) is fixedly mounted inside the square block (5), and the threaded rod (10) is threadedly connected to the threaded barrel (11); and a guide component is arranged inside the square groove (4).

3. The variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines according to claim 2 is characterized by: The guide assembly comprises a guide cylinder (12) and a guide rod (13); the guide cylinder (12) is fixedly mounted inside the square block (5); the guide rod (13) is inserted into the guide cylinder (12); one end of the guide rod (13) is fixedly connected to the sealing box (8); and a sealing assembly is arranged inside the square groove (4).

4. The variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines according to claim 3 is characterized by: The sealing assembly comprises a receiving groove (37) and a sealing plate (38); the receiving groove (37) is arranged inside the square block (5); the sealing plate (38) is inserted into the receiving groove (37); one end of the sealing plate (38) is fixedly connected to the sealing box (8); and a ventilation assembly is arranged on the frame (14).

5. The variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines according to claim 4 is characterized by: The ventilation assembly comprises a connecting pipe (15) and a filter screen (16); the connecting pipe (15) is symmetrically arranged on the frame (14), and the connecting pipe (15) extends out of the square block (5); and the filter screen (16) is fixedly mounted on one end of the connecting pipe (15).

6. The variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines according to claim 1 is characterized by: The driving assembly comprises a through slot (17), a driving wheel (18), a support frame (19) and a rotating rod (20); the through slot (17) is arranged on the frame (14); the support frame (19) is fixedly mounted inside the frame (14); the rotating rod (20) is passed through the support frame (19); the rotating rod (20) is fixedly connected to the center of the driving wheel (18); one side of the driving wheel (18) extends out of the frame (14) through the through slot (17); one end of the rotating rod (20) is fixedly connected to a protrusion (21); and the other end of the rotating rod (20) is fixedly connected to a driving gear (29).

7. The variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines according to claim 1 is characterized by: The vibration assembly comprises a movable frame (22), a guide shaft (23), a sliding plate (24), a return spring (25), a knocking block (26), a strip plate (27) and a driving block (28); the movable frame (22) is fixedly mounted inside the frame (14); the guide shaft (23) is symmetrically mounted inside the movable frame (22); the sliding plate (24) is arranged inside the movable frame (22), and the guide shaft (23) passes through the sliding plate (24); the knocking block (26) is fixedly mounted inside the movable frame (22), and the knocking block (26) is located below the sliding plate (24); the return spring (25) is arranged around the guide shaft (23); one end of the strip plate (27) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (24), and one end of the strip plate (27) extends out of the movable frame (22); the driving block (28) is fixedly connected to one end of the strip plate (27), and the driving block (28) is located directly above the protrusion (21).

8. The variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines according to claim 7 is characterized by: A frame body (30) is fixedly mounted inside the frame (14), a rotating shaft (31) is passed through the frame body (30), a driven gear (32) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (31), and the driven gear (32) is meshed with the driving gear (29).

9. The variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines according to claim 1 is characterized by: The wind power component comprises a support plate (34), a fan casing (33) and an impeller (35); the support plate (34) is fixedly mounted inside the frame (14); the fan casing (33) is fixedly mounted on the support plate (34); one end of the rotating shaft (31) extends into the fan casing (33); the impeller (35) is arranged inside the fan casing (33); the rotating shaft (31) is fixedly connected to the impeller (35); and a conveying pipe (36) is arranged on the fan casing (33).

10. The variable diameter down-the-hole drill bit specially used for drilling deep blastholes in large open-pit mines according to claim 9, characterized in that: The square block (5) is inlaid with a diversion groove (39), and the delivery pipe (36) is connected to the diversion groove (39), and exhaust heads (40) are arranged in an array on the diversion groove (39).

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