Controllable variable-diameter stabilizer for petroleum drilling and application method

Abstract

The invention relates to a controllable variable-diameter stabilizer for petroleum drilling and an application method.The controllable variable-diameter stabilizer for petroleum drilling comprises an electric mechanical driving module, an intelligent control module, a sensor feedback module and a communication module, and the electric mechanical driving module receives an instruction from the intelligent control module through an electronic signal; adjusting the outer diameter of the driving stabilizer; the intelligent control module receives data from a ground sensor or an underground sensor, calculates underground working conditions in real time and automatically adjusts the outer diameter of the stabilizer; the sensor feedback module is used for monitoring key parameters such as the posture of a drilling tool, a well track and bit pressure; the hydraulic auxiliary module and the electric mechanical driving module work cooperatively to provide dual assurance; the communication module is responsible for data transmission between an underground control center and a ground control center. According to the stabilizer, the performance of the stabilizer in the oil and gas drilling process is remarkably improved, the efficiency in the oil and gas drilling process is greatly improved, accurate and efficient outer diameter self-adaptive adjustment is achieved, and the safety and efficiency in the drilling process are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, and more specifically to a controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the drilling process of oil and gas wells, stabilizers are commonly used downhole tools to maintain the stability of the drill bit and control the wellbore trajectory. The current stabilizers are mainly divided into two categories: fixed stabilizers and adjustable stabilizers. The fixed stabilizer needs to accurately select the tool size according to the wellbore size before going down the well, and it cannot be adjusted after going down the well; while the adjustable stabilizer adjusts the outer diameter of the drill bit after going down the well through mechanical adjustment or hydraulic adjustment to adapt to different wellbore environments. However, the existing adjustable stabilizers have the following technical problems: 1. Insufficient adjustment accuracy: The existing adjustable stabilizers rely on mechanical structures for adjustment, usually requiring manual control, and it is difficult to achieve accurate real-time adjustment. This results in the inability of the stabilizer to quickly adapt to the changes in the wellbore under complex well conditions, thereby affecting the drilling efficiency and wellbore quality, the outer diameter adjustment is inaccurate and slow to respond, and in the traditional oil drilling process, the outer diameter of the stabilizer is usually fixed or can only be adjusted manually to a limited extent, which is difficult to adapt to the complex and changeable working conditions downhole, and the outer diameter adjustment is inaccurate, resulting in a large deviation of the wellbore trajectory during the drilling process, affecting the efficiency and safety of drilling. In addition, some existing automatic adjustment systems are slow to respond to rapid changes in downhole pressure, temperature and drilling pressure, resulting in insufficient real-time adjustment capabilities and increasing the risk of wellbore instability or tool jamming. 2. Slow response speed: Since mechanical adjustment or hydraulic adjustment usually requires a certain amount of operation time, the existing adjustable stabilizer responds slowly during the adjustment process and is difficult to quickly respond to complex downhole working conditions. Especially when the outer diameter of the stabilizer needs to be adjusted frequently to control the wellbore trajectory, lags often occur, affecting the continuity of the drilling process. The existing stabilizer adjustment system generally lacks an accurate feedback mechanism and cannot monitor the downhole drill bit posture, wellbore trajectory and other key parameters in real time and accurately. This lack of feedback adjustment method will cause adjustment lag or inaccuracy, which in turn affects the overall efficiency of the drilling process. The existing sensor system has insufficient accuracy and poor real-time performance, which also increases the difficulty for ground control personnel to judge downhole working conditions. 3. Difficult downhole control: Current technology cannot achieve automated and intelligent control of downhole stabilizers, and often requires ground operators to make adjustments. This not only increases the difficulty of operation, but also greatly reduces the accuracy and efficiency of ground control in complex well conditions such as deep wells and ultra-deep wells. 4. Poor durability: Due to the extremely harsh downhole environment, the mechanical components of existing adjustable stabilizers are easily affected by high temperature, high pressure and corrosive fluids, resulting in poor durability and limited service life. Therefore, the existing stabilizers have obvious deficiencies in accuracy, response speed, downhole control and durability. 5. Poor stability of the system under extreme working conditions: The downhole environment of oil drilling is complex and changeable, and it is affected by high pressure, high temperature, vibration and other extreme conditions. Traditional stabilizers are prone to failure or unstable operation in such environments. Especially in high-pressure and high-temperature environments, the outer diameter adjustment mechanism of the traditional stabilizer is often difficult to maintain a stable adjustment function due to limited mechanical properties, thereby increasing the incidence of drilling accidents. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling and an application method thereof, which has high adjustment accuracy, faster response speed, and can realize downhole automated control, thereby significantly improving the stabilizer performance during oil and gas drilling.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: construct a controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling, including an electric mechanical drive module, an intelligent control module, a sensor feedback module, a hydraulic auxiliary module and a communication module; the intelligent control module is connected to the electric mechanical drive module, the sensor feedback module is connected to the intelligent control module, and the hydraulic auxiliary module is connected to the intelligent control module;

[0005] The electric mechanical drive module receives instructions from the intelligent control module through electronic signals to drive the adjustment of the outer diameter of the stabilizer;

[0006] The intelligent control module receives data from surface or downhole sensors, calculates downhole working conditions in real time and automatically adjusts the outer diameter of the stabilizer;

[0007] The sensor feedback module is used to monitor the key parameters of the drilling tool posture, wellbore trajectory and drilling pressure; the sensor feedback module transmits the collected data to the intelligent control module through the communication module to ensure that the intelligent control module can grasp the downhole situation in real time;

[0008] The hydraulic auxiliary module is used to provide additional adjustment force in extreme situations to ensure that the stabilizer can maintain a stable working state under high pressure and high temperature extreme conditions;

[0009] The communication module is connected to the sensor feedback module and the intelligent control module respectively. The communication module is used for data transmission between the underground and the ground control center to ensure that the ground operator monitors the underground situation in real time and makes interventions or adjustments.

[0010] According to the above scheme, the electric mechanical drive module includes a high-efficiency motor, a reducer and an adjustment mechanism;

[0011] The high-efficiency motor adopts a brushless motor or a servo motor, and the high-efficiency motor transmits power to the adjustment mechanism through the connection with the reducer to adjust the outer diameter of the stabilizer;

[0012] The reducer adopts a high-precision gear reducer, which converts the high speed of the motor into a low-speed and high-torque;

[0013] The adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of mechanical arms or hydraulic push rods, and the adjusting mechanism adjusts the outer diameter of the stabilizer in real time underground according to the driving action of the motor.

[0014] According to the above scheme, the intelligent control module includes a controller, embedded software and an adaptive adjustment mechanism; the intelligent control module controls the outer diameter adjustment based on an adaptive adjustment algorithm, and the adjustment algorithm includes the following mathematical model:

[0015] ΔR=f(P,T,F)=k1P+k2T+k3F

[0016] Among them, △R is the adjustment amount of the outer diameter of the stabilizer, P is the downhole pressure, T is the downhole temperature, F is the drilling pressure, k1, k2, k3 are adaptive coefficients adjusted according to the actual downhole working conditions, and the intelligent control module determines the optimal outer diameter adjustment amount by calculating the real-time data;

[0017] The controller is an embedded controller, which receives data fed back by downhole sensors and sends adjustment instructions to the electric mechanical drive module after processing;

[0018] The embedded software has an optimization algorithm embedded therein, and the embedded software is used to adjust the outer diameter of the stabilizer according to different downhole conditions; the optimization algorithm automatically adjusts the speed and amplitude of the outer diameter change to ensure that the trajectory control of the wellbore is always in the best state;

[0019] The adaptive adjustment mechanism: The intelligent control module continuously acquires and analyzes real-time data from the well, combines historical data and formation structure characteristics, automatically determines when the outer diameter of the stabilizer needs to be adjusted, and makes predictive adjustments based on the changing trend of the wellbore.

[0020] According to the above scheme, the sensor feedback module includes a posture sensor, a pressure sensor, a trajectory sensor and a data transmitter; the sensor feedback module estimates the drilling tool posture and wellbore trajectory through the following state space model:

[0021] x k+1 =Ax k +Bu k +w k

[0022] y k =Cx k +v k

[0023] Among them, x k is the system state vector, u k is the control input vector, w k is the process noise, y k is the sensor measurement value, v k To measure noise, matrices A, B, and C are the state transfer matrix, control matrix, and observation matrix of the system, and the attitude of the drilling tool and the wellbore trajectory are estimated in real time through the state space model;

[0024] The attitude sensor is used to monitor the angle and attitude of the drilling tool to ensure that the drilling tool is always in the correct position when working underground;

[0025] The pressure sensor is used to monitor the drilling pressure downhole and the contact pressure between the stabilizer and the well wall to ensure that the stabilizer can meet the requirements of wellbore trajectory control after adjustment;

[0026] The trajectory sensor is used to detect the trajectory of the wellbore, ensure directional control during drilling, and feed data back to the intelligent control module;

[0027] The data transmitter and the sensor feedback module transmit the collected data to the ground control center or the intelligent control module in real time through the communication module for further analysis and decision-making;

[0028] According to the above scheme, in the sensor feedback module, a plurality of sensors are arranged underground, and the sensors are used to monitor the posture of the drilling tool, the wellbore trajectory and the key parameters of the drilling pressure.

[0029] According to the above scheme, the hydraulic auxiliary module includes a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic cylinder, and a coordinated controller. The control of the hydraulic auxiliary module is based on the following dynamic equations:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, F h The auxiliary force provided to the hydraulic system, K h is the stiffness coefficient of the hydraulic system, D h is the damping coefficient, x d and x a are the expected position and the current outer diameter adjustment position respectively, and The hydraulic system adjusts the force output through real-time calculation to ensure that the stabilizer can maintain stable operation under extreme working conditions.

[0032] The hydraulic pump and hydraulic cylinder: the hydraulic pump drives the hydraulic cylinder to provide additional adjustment force, and the hydraulic cylinder expands and contracts the outer diameter of the stabilizer by compressing and releasing the hydraulic oil;

[0033] The collaborative controller: the hydraulic auxiliary module works in coordination with the electric mechanical drive module; when the intelligent control module detects that the adjustment demand underground exceeds the capacity of the electric mechanical module, the hydraulic auxiliary system will be started to provide additional adjustment force to ensure the smooth progress of the adjustment process.

[0034] According to the above scheme, the communication module includes wireless communication, wired communication and ground monitoring;

[0035] The wireless communication uses high-frequency RFID communication technology or satellite communication to achieve long-distance communication between the underground and the ground; the wireless communication uploads the real-time data of the underground sensor to the ground control center and receives control instructions from the ground;

[0036] Wired communication: When the underground environment is not suitable for wireless communication, such as strong electromagnetic interference, optical fiber communication is used to achieve rapid data transmission;

[0037] The ground monitoring: ground operators view downhole parameters in real time through a dedicated monitoring interface, conduct dynamic analysis, or manually adjust the working status of the stabilizer.

[0038] The present invention also provides an application method of a controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling, wherein the application method uses the controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling and comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1: Initialization and downhole: First, the controllable reducer stabilizer is lowered into the well, and the sensors downhole start to work, monitoring the wellbore trajectory, drilling pressure and drilling tool posture data in real time, and sending the data to the ground control center through the communication module;

[0040] S2: Outer diameter adjustment: Based on the data fed back by the sensor, the intelligent control module calculates the changes in the current wellbore size and drilling environment in real time; when the wellbore trajectory deviates, the controller sends an adjustment signal to drive the adjustment mechanism of the outer diameter of the stabilizer through the electric mechanical drive module, so that the outer diameter of the stabilizer can be adaptively adjusted as the wellbore size changes;

[0041] S3: Precise control and feedback: During the outer diameter adjustment process, the sensor continuously monitors the downhole conditions after adjustment and feeds back the new data to the intelligent control module; the intelligent control module makes further fine adjustments based on the feedback data to ensure that the stabilizer is always in the optimal working state;

[0042] S4: Emergency treatment: Under extreme working conditions, the intelligent control module activates the hydraulic auxiliary system to provide additional adjustment force to ensure that the adjustment process of the stabilizer is not disturbed by the external environment and to ensure the stability of the system;

[0043] S5: End of operation and recovery: After the drilling task is completed, the stabilizer receives the recovery signal from the ground through the communication module, automatically retracts the outer diameter, and prepares to be recovered out of the well.

[0044] The present invention also provides an information data processing terminal, which is used to realize the application system of the controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling.

[0045] The implementation of the controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling and the application method of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] 1. The present invention significantly improves the performance of the stabilizer during oil and gas drilling through innovative system structure and automatic control algorithm. Through the combination of electric mechanical drive module and intelligent control module, high-precision outer diameter adjustment can be achieved during drilling, and the error is controlled at the millimeter level, which greatly improves the control accuracy of the wellbore trajectory, reduces the occurrence of wellbore deviation, and greatly improves the accuracy and stability of wellbore trajectory control; the efficient cooperation of the sensor feedback module and the control module enables the stabilizer to be quickly adjusted according to the changes in the downhole working conditions in a very short time, and the response time can be controlled at the millisecond level, ensuring that the stabilizer can be quickly adjusted to the appropriate outer diameter and adapt to the complex formation structure, which greatly improves the continuity and efficiency of the drilling process. The intelligent control module can autonomously analyze downhole data and adjust the outer diameter of the stabilizer in real time, reducing the dependence on ground operators. Especially in complex well conditions such as deep wells or ultra-deep wells, the advantages of automatic control are particularly significant, which can avoid operational errors caused by human intervention. Especially in complex environments such as deep wells and ultra-deep wells, the automated control module greatly reduces the difficulty of manual operation. In harsh underground environments, the hydraulic auxiliary module provides additional stability guarantees to ensure that the stabilizer can still work normally under extreme conditions such as high pressure and high temperature, avoiding the risk of failure of traditional stabilizers due to harsh working conditions, and avoiding the risk of adjustment failure caused by failure of a single electric drive module under extreme conditions;

[0047] 2. The present invention uses high-strength and high-temperature resistant materials and combines them with a hydraulic auxiliary module to greatly improve the durability of the stabilizer under harsh working conditions, extend its service life, and reduce the cost and time loss caused by frequent tool replacement. The controllable reducer stabilizer with significant technological progress solves the problems of low adjustment accuracy, slow response speed, insufficient automatic control, and poor durability in the prior art, greatly improving the stability and efficiency in the oil and gas drilling process. The controllable variable diameter stabilizer used in the oil drilling process solves the following major technical problems in industrial applications in the prior art, and has made significant technological progress in actual industrial applications, achieving accurate and efficient outer diameter adaptive adjustment. By introducing a deeply optimized intelligent control module and combining it with an adaptive adjustment algorithm, the stabilizer can accurately adjust the outer diameter according to real-time downhole working conditions, such as pressure, temperature, and drilling pressure. Through data feedback based on multiple sensors, it ensures that the system can respond quickly and accurately to changes in working conditions, achieve efficient wellbore trajectory control and drilling pressure balance, and significantly improve drilling efficiency. Compared with the traditional fixed outer diameter or manual adjustment method, it has higher adaptability and precision, and improves stability under extreme working conditions. The hydraulic auxiliary module introduced works in conjunction with the electric mechanical drive module to provide additional adjustment force. It can automatically connect and perform auxiliary adjustment when the electric adjustment module cannot provide sufficient power, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system under extreme conditions, significantly reducing the risk of tool failure or failure due to harsh working conditions during drilling, and improving overall safety;

[0048] 3. The present invention introduces a multi-sensor feedback module to realize intelligent control. By integrating multiple sensors, including drilling pressure, attitude, borehole trajectory and temperature sensors, a complete sensor feedback module is constructed. The sensor data is transmitted to the intelligent control module in real time through the communication module, which can grasp the downhole working conditions in real time and make outer diameter adjustment decisions in time. The downhole information can also be transmitted to the ground control center, which is convenient for operators to monitor the operating status of downhole equipment in real time and conduct manual intervention when necessary. This intelligent and real-time feedback control mechanism greatly improves the controllability and accuracy of the drilling process, significantly improves the safety and efficiency of the drilling process, and not only makes technological innovations in outer diameter adjustment accuracy, system stability and feedback control, but also significantly improves the safety and efficiency of the entire drilling process. In practical applications, it can reduce wellbore deviation, reduce the incidence of drilling accidents, optimize drilling pressure and borehole trajectory control, shorten the drilling cycle, and reduce the overall operating cost, so that it has broad industrial application prospects in the fields of oil and natural gas extraction. Through the innovative design of controllable variable diameter stabilizer, the main problems in the prior art are successfully solved, and significant technological progress has been achieved in industrial applications, which has extremely high practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0050] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric mechanical drive module of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the application method of the controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling of the present invention;

[0053] In the figure: 1. Electric mechanical drive module, 2. Intelligent control module, 3. Sensor feedback module, 4. Hydraulic auxiliary module, 5. Communication module, 6. High-efficiency motor, 7. Reducer, 8. Adjustment mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling of the present invention includes an electric mechanical drive module 1, an intelligent control module 2, a sensor feedback module 3, a hydraulic auxiliary module 4 and a communication module 5; the intelligent control module 2 is connected to the electric mechanical drive module 1, the sensor feedback module 3 is connected to the intelligent control module 2, and the hydraulic auxiliary module 4 is connected to the intelligent control module 2.

[0056] The electric mechanical drive module 1 is composed of a high-efficiency motor 6, a reducer 7 and an adjustment mechanism 8. It receives instructions from the intelligent control module 2 through electronic signals to drive the adjustment of the outer diameter of the stabilizer. The intelligent control module 2 is connected to the electric mechanical drive module 1 and is composed of a controller and embedded software. The control module receives data from ground or downhole sensors, calculates downhole working conditions in real time and automatically adjusts the outer diameter of the stabilizer. Through algorithm optimization, the module can quickly respond to changes in the wellbore environment according to real-time drilling data and achieve adaptive adjustment. The multiple sensors set in the sensor feedback module 3 are used to monitor key parameters such as the attitude of the drilling tool, wellbore trajectory and drilling pressure. These sensors transmit the collected data to the intelligent control module 2 through the communication module 5 to ensure that the control module can grasp the downhole situation in real time. The hydraulic auxiliary module 4 is used to provide additional adjustment force in extreme cases to ensure that the stabilizer can still maintain a stable working state under extreme conditions such as high pressure and high temperature. The hydraulic system works in conjunction with the electric mechanical drive module 1 to provide double guarantees. The communication module 5 is connected to the sensor feedback module 3 and the intelligent control module 2 respectively. The communication module 5 is responsible for data transmission between the underground and the ground control center, ensuring that the ground operators can monitor the underground situation in real time and intervene or adjust when necessary.

[0057] The electric mechanical drive module 1 includes a high-efficiency motor 6, a reducer 7 and an adjustment mechanism 8. The high-efficiency motor 6 adopts a brushless motor or a servo motor, which has high torque output and precise speed control; the motor transmits power to the adjustment mechanism 8 by connecting the reducer 7, thereby adjusting the outer diameter of the stabilizer; the reducer 7 adopts a high-precision gear reducer 7, which can convert the high speed of the motor into low-speed and high torque, ensuring the smoothness of the outer diameter adjustment under harsh working conditions; the adjustment mechanism 8 is composed of multiple mechanical arms or hydraulic push rods, which can adjust the outer diameter of the stabilizer in real time underground according to the driving action of the motor; through precise mechanical design, the mechanism can ensure that the adjustment accuracy reaches the millimeter level.

[0058] The intelligent control module 2 includes a controller, embedded software and an adaptive adjustment mechanism. The controller selects an embedded controller, such as a PLC or an embedded ARM control chip, which has strong real-time processing capabilities; the controller receives data fed back by the downhole sensor, and sends adjustment instructions to the electric mechanical drive module 1 after processing; the embedded software is embedded with an optimization algorithm for adjusting the outer diameter of the stabilizer according to different downhole conditions; the algorithm can automatically adjust the speed and amplitude of the outer diameter change to ensure that the trajectory control of the wellbore is always in the best state; in the adaptive adjustment mechanism, the automatic control module continuously obtains and analyzes the real-time data of the well, combined with historical data and formation structure characteristics, automatically determines when the outer diameter of the stabilizer needs to be adjusted, and can make predictive adjustments based on the changing trend of the wellbore. The intelligent control module 2 controls the outer diameter adjustment based on the adaptive adjustment algorithm, and the adjustment algorithm includes the following mathematical model:

[0059] ΔR=f(P,T,F)=k1P+k2T+k3F

[0060] Among them, △R is the adjustment amount of the outer diameter of the stabilizer, P is the downhole pressure, T is the downhole temperature, F is the drilling pressure, k1, k2, k3 are adaptive coefficients adjusted according to the actual downhole working conditions, and the intelligent control module determines the optimal outer diameter adjustment amount by calculating the real-time data;

[0061] The sensor feedback module 3 includes a posture sensor, a pressure sensor, a trajectory sensor and data transmission. The posture sensor is used to monitor the angle and posture of the drill bit to ensure that the drill bit is always in the correct position when working underground; the pressure sensor monitors the drilling pressure underground and the contact pressure between the stabilizer and the well wall to ensure that the stabilizer can meet the requirements of the wellbore trajectory control after adjustment; the trajectory sensor is used to detect the trajectory of the wellbore to ensure directional control during drilling and feed back the data to the intelligent control module 2; the sensor in the data transmitter transmits the collected data to the ground control center or the intelligent control module 2 in real time through the communication module 5 for further analysis and decision-making; the sensor feedback module 3 estimates the posture of the drill bit and the wellbore trajectory through the following state space model:

[0062] x k+1 =Ax k +Bu k +w k

[0063] y k =Cx k +v k

[0064] Among them, x k is the system state vector, u k is the control input vector, w k is the process noise, y k is the sensor measurement value, v k To measure noise, matrices A, B, and C are the state transfer matrix, control matrix, and observation matrix of the system, and the attitude of the drilling tool and the wellbore trajectory are estimated in real time through the state space model;

[0065] The hydraulic auxiliary module 4 includes a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic cylinder, and coordinated control. Hydraulic pump and hydraulic cylinder: The hydraulic pump drives the hydraulic cylinder to provide additional adjustment force. The hydraulic cylinder completes the expansion and contraction of the outer diameter of the stabilizer through the compression and release of hydraulic oil; coordinated control: The hydraulic auxiliary system works in coordination with the electric mechanical drive module 1; when the intelligent control module 2 detects that the adjustment demand in the well exceeds the capacity of the electric mechanical module, it will start the hydraulic auxiliary system to provide additional adjustment force to ensure the smooth progress of the adjustment process. The control of the hydraulic auxiliary system is based on the following dynamic equations:

[0066]

[0067] Among them, F h The auxiliary force provided to the hydraulic system, K h is the stiffness coefficient of the hydraulic system, D h is the damping coefficient, x d and x a are the expected position and the current outer diameter adjustment position respectively, and The hydraulic system adjusts the force output through real-time calculation to ensure that the stabilizer can maintain stable operation under extreme working conditions.

[0068] The communication module 5 includes wireless communication, wired communication and ground monitoring modules. Wireless communication: high-frequency RFID communication technology or satellite communication is used to achieve long-distance communication between the underground and the ground; this module can upload the real-time data of the underground sensor to the ground control center and receive control instructions from the ground; wired communication: if the underground environment is not suitable for wireless communication, such as strong electromagnetic interference, optical fiber communication can be used to achieve rapid data transmission; optical fiber has the advantages of strong anti-interference and long transmission distance, and is suitable for deep and ultra-deep well environments; ground monitoring module: ground operators can view various parameters of the underground in real time through a dedicated monitoring interface, conduct dynamic analysis, and manually adjust the working status of the stabilizer as needed.

[0069] The present invention also provides an application method of a controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling based on the controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling, comprising the following steps:

[0070] S1, initialization and downhole: first, the controllable reducer 7 stabilizer is lowered into the well, and the sensors downhole start to work, monitoring parameters such as wellbore trajectory, drilling pressure and drilling tool posture in real time, and sending these data to the ground control center through the communication module 5;

[0071] S2, outer diameter adjustment: Based on the data fed back by the sensor, the intelligent control module 2 calculates the changes of the current wellbore size and drilling environment in real time; when the wellbore trajectory deviates, the controller will send an adjustment signal to drive the adjustment mechanism 8 of the outer diameter of the stabilizer through the electric mechanical drive module 1, so that the outer diameter of the stabilizer can be adaptively adjusted with the change of the wellbore size;

[0072] S3, precise control and feedback: During the outer diameter adjustment process, the sensor continuously monitors the downhole conditions after adjustment and feeds back the new data to the intelligent control module 2; the control module will make further fine adjustments based on the feedback data to ensure that the stabilizer is always in the optimal working state;

[0073] S4, emergency treatment: Under extreme working conditions, the intelligent control module 2 will start the hydraulic auxiliary system to provide additional adjustment force to ensure that the adjustment process of the stabilizer is not disturbed by the external environment, especially under harsh conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, to ensure the stability of the system;

[0074] S5, end operation and recovery: After the drilling task is completed, the stabilizer receives a recovery signal from the ground through the communication module 5, automatically retracts the outer diameter, and prepares to be recovered out of the well.

[0075] The present invention also provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the application method of the controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling.

[0076] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor executes the steps of the application method of the controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling.

[0077] The present invention also provides an information data processing terminal, which is used to realize the application system of the controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling.

[0078] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware part can be implemented using dedicated logic; the software part can be stored in a memory and executed by an appropriate instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or dedicated design hardware. It can be understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art that the above-mentioned devices and methods can be implemented using computer executable instructions and / or contained in a processor control code, such as a carrier medium such as a disk, CD or DVD-ROM, a programmable memory such as a read-only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. Such code is provided on the carrier medium. The device and its modules of the present invention can be implemented by hardware circuits such as very large-scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, etc., or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., can also be implemented by software executed by various types of processors, and can also be implemented by a combination of the above-mentioned hardware circuits and software, such as firmware.

[0079] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation modes, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling, characterized in that: It includes an electric mechanical drive module, an intelligent control module, a sensor feedback module, a hydraulic auxiliary module and a communication module; the intelligent control module is connected to the electric mechanical drive module, the sensor feedback module is connected to the intelligent control module, and the hydraulic auxiliary module is connected to the intelligent control module; The electric mechanical drive module receives instructions from the intelligent control module through electronic signals to drive the adjustment of the outer diameter of the stabilizer; The intelligent control module receives data from surface or downhole sensors, calculates downhole working conditions in real time and automatically adjusts the outer diameter of the stabilizer; The sensor feedback module is used to monitor the key parameters of the drilling tool posture, wellbore trajectory and drilling pressure; the sensor feedback module transmits the collected data to the intelligent control module through the communication module to ensure that the intelligent control module can grasp the downhole situation in real time; The hydraulic auxiliary module is used to provide additional adjustment force in extreme situations to ensure that the stabilizer can maintain a stable working state under high pressure and high temperature extreme conditions; The communication module is connected to the sensor feedback module and the intelligent control module respectively. The communication module is used for data transmission between the underground and the ground control center to ensure that the ground operator monitors the underground situation in real time and makes interventions or adjustments.

2. The controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric mechanical drive module includes a high-efficiency motor, a reducer and an adjustment mechanism; The high-efficiency motor adopts a brushless motor or a servo motor, and the high-efficiency motor transmits power to the adjustment mechanism through the connection with the reducer to adjust the outer diameter of the stabilizer; The reducer adopts a high-precision gear reducer, which converts the high speed of the motor into a low-speed and high-torque; The adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of mechanical arms or hydraulic push rods, and the adjusting mechanism adjusts the outer diameter of the stabilizer in real time underground according to the driving action of the motor.

3. The controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control module includes a controller, embedded software and an adaptive adjustment mechanism; the intelligent control module controls the outer diameter adjustment based on an adaptive adjustment algorithm, and the adjustment algorithm includes the following mathematical model: ΔR=f(P,T,F)=k1P+k2T+k3F Among them, △R is the adjustment amount of the outer diameter of the stabilizer, P is the downhole pressure, T is the downhole temperature, F is the drilling pressure, k1, k2, k3 are adaptive coefficients adjusted according to the actual downhole working conditions, and the intelligent control module determines the optimal outer diameter adjustment amount by calculating the real-time data; The controller is an embedded controller, which receives data fed back by downhole sensors and sends adjustment instructions to the electric mechanical drive module after processing; The embedded software has an optimization algorithm embedded therein, and the embedded software is used to adjust the outer diameter of the stabilizer according to different downhole conditions; the optimization algorithm automatically adjusts the speed and amplitude of the outer diameter change to ensure that the trajectory control of the wellbore is always in the best state; The adaptive adjustment mechanism: The intelligent control module continuously acquires and analyzes real-time data from the well, combines historical data and formation structure characteristics, automatically determines when the outer diameter of the stabilizer needs to be adjusted, and makes predictive adjustments based on the changing trend of the wellbore.

4. The controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor feedback module includes a posture sensor, a pressure sensor, a trajectory sensor and a data transmitter; the sensor feedback module estimates the drilling tool posture and wellbore trajectory through the following state space model: x k+1 =Ax k +Bu k +w k y k =Cx k +v k Among them, x k is the system state vector, u k is the control input vector, w k is the process noise, y k is the sensor measurement value, v k To measure noise, matrices A, B, and C are the state transfer matrix, control matrix, and observation matrix of the system, and the attitude of the drilling tool and the wellbore trajectory are estimated in real time through the state space model; The attitude sensor is used to monitor the angle and attitude of the drilling tool to ensure that the drilling tool is always in the correct position when working underground; The pressure sensor is used to monitor the drilling pressure downhole and the contact pressure between the stabilizer and the well wall to ensure that the stabilizer can meet the requirements of wellbore trajectory control after adjustment; The trajectory sensor is used to detect the trajectory of the wellbore, ensure directional control during drilling, and feed data back to the intelligent control module; The data transmitter and the sensor feedback module transmit the collected data to the ground control center or the intelligent control module in real time through the communication module for further analysis and decision-making.

5. The controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the sensor feedback module, multiple sensors are set underground, and the sensors are used to monitor the posture of the drilling tool, the wellbore trajectory and the key parameters of the drilling pressure.

6. The controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic auxiliary module includes a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic cylinder 、 The control of the hydraulic auxiliary module is based on the following dynamic equations: Among them, F h The auxiliary force provided to the hydraulic system, K h is the stiffness coefficient of the hydraulic system, D h is the damping coefficient, x d and x a are the expected position and the current outer diameter adjustment position respectively, and The hydraulic system adjusts the force output through real-time calculation to ensure that the stabilizer can maintain stable operation under extreme working conditions. The hydraulic pump and hydraulic cylinder: the hydraulic pump drives the hydraulic cylinder to provide additional adjustment force, and the hydraulic cylinder expands and contracts the outer diameter of the stabilizer by compressing and releasing the hydraulic oil; The collaborative controller: the hydraulic auxiliary module works in coordination with the electric mechanical drive module; when the intelligent control module detects that the adjustment demand underground exceeds the capacity of the electric mechanical module, the hydraulic auxiliary system will be started to provide additional adjustment force to ensure the smooth progress of the adjustment process.

7. The controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module includes wireless communication, wired communication and ground monitoring; The wireless communication uses high-frequency RFID communication technology or satellite communication to achieve long-distance communication between the underground and the ground; the wireless communication uploads the real-time data of the underground sensor to the ground control center and receives control instructions from the ground; Wired communication: When the underground environment is not suitable for wireless communication, such as strong electromagnetic interference, optical fiber communication is used to achieve rapid data transmission; The ground monitoring: ground operators view downhole parameters in real time through a dedicated monitoring interface, conduct dynamic analysis, or manually adjust the working status of the stabilizer.

8. An application method of a controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling, wherein the application method uses a controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling, and is characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Initialization and downhole: First, the controllable reducer stabilizer is lowered into the well, and the sensors downhole start to work, monitoring the wellbore trajectory, drilling pressure and drilling tool posture data in real time, and sending the data to the ground control center through the communication module; S2: Outer diameter adjustment: Based on the data fed back by the sensor, the intelligent control module calculates the changes in the current wellbore size and drilling environment in real time; when the wellbore trajectory deviates, the controller sends an adjustment signal to drive the adjustment mechanism of the outer diameter of the stabilizer through the electric mechanical drive module, so that the outer diameter of the stabilizer can be adaptively adjusted as the wellbore size changes; S3: Precise control and feedback: During the outer diameter adjustment process, the sensor continuously monitors the downhole conditions after adjustment and feeds back the new data to the intelligent control module; the intelligent control module makes further fine adjustments based on the feedback data to ensure that the stabilizer is always in the optimal working state; S4: Emergency treatment: Under extreme working conditions, the intelligent control module activates the hydraulic auxiliary system to provide additional adjustment force to ensure that the adjustment process of the stabilizer is not disturbed by the external environment and to ensure the stability of the system; S5: End of operation and recovery: After the drilling task is completed, the stabilizer receives the recovery signal from the ground through the communication module, automatically retracts the outer diameter, and prepares to be recovered out of the well.

9. An information data processing terminal, characterized in that: The information data processing terminal is used to implement the application system of the controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling as claimed in any one of claims 1-7.

Images