Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incident angle

Abstract

The invention discloses a Tesla turbine with an adjustable nozzle incident angle, which comprises a shell, a nozzle structure and a turbine disc assembly which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, and further comprises an angle adjusting device, the nozzle structure comprises an inner shield and a plurality of nozzles rotationally embedded in the inner shield; the turbine disc assembly is arranged on the inner side of the inner protective cover and comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of turbine discs fixedly installed in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. A total incident port is formed in the outer side of the nozzle structure on the shell; the angle adjusting device comprises a total torque, a total torque connecting shaft and a main gear which are coaxially arranged, and transmission gear assemblies and auxiliary gears which are in one-to-one correspondence with the nozzles, the auxiliary gears and the nozzles are coaxially arranged and fixedly connected, the main gear is driven to rotate by rotating the total torque, and the auxiliary gears are driven to rotate through the transmission gear assemblies; therefore, the nozzle is driven to rotate to change the incident angle of the nozzle. By introducing the adjustable nozzle, the incident angle of the fluid can be conveniently adjusted, so that the performance of the turbine is optimized, and the efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Tesla turbines, and in particular to a Tesla turbine with an adjustable nozzle incident angle. Background Art

[0002] Tesla turbine, also known as thin film turbine, is a new type of fluid mechanical device invented by Nikola Tesla in the early 20th century. Its working principle is based on the flow of fluid through multiple parallel turbine discs and the action of centrifugal force, thereby converting the kinetic energy of the fluid into mechanical energy. Traditional Tesla turbines usually use fixed nozzles to spray fluid into the turbine discs at a specific angle to drive the turbine discs to rotate. This design has some limitations in practical applications. Since the incident angle of the fluid has an important influence on the energy conversion efficiency and flow characteristics of the turbine, the fixed nozzle incident angle leads to poor adaptability of the turbine under different flow rates, pressure differences and working environments, thereby affecting the overall system efficiency and power output. Under different operating conditions, the properties and flow rates of the fluid may change. At this time, the fixed nozzle cannot adapt to these changes and therefore cannot optimize the working state of the turbine. The use of fixed nozzles makes the Tesla turbine poorly adaptable in specific scenarios. When the turbine operates under different loads or different fluid conditions, the fixed nozzle may not provide the optimal fluid incident angle, thereby reducing the efficiency and output capacity of the turbine. In addition, the traditional design is not convenient during the adjustment process. Once the nozzle angle needs to be adjusted, it often requires complex disassembly and assembly, which increases maintenance costs and inconvenience. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problem that the fixed nozzle incident angle in the above-mentioned prior art leads to poor adaptability of the turbine under different flow rates, pressure differences and working environments, and is inconvenient to adjust, the present invention proposes a Tesla turbine with an adjustable nozzle incident angle. By introducing an adjustable nozzle, the operator can conveniently adjust the incident angle of the fluid according to actual needs, thereby optimizing the performance of the turbine and improving efficiency. This adjustable nozzle can not only improve the adaptability of the turbine under specific working conditions, but also improve its overall energy conversion efficiency and expand its application field.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A Tesla turbine with an adjustable nozzle incident angle comprises an outer shell, a nozzle structure and a turbine disk assembly which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, and also comprises an angle adjustment device for adjusting the nozzle angle; the nozzle structure comprises an inner shield and a plurality of nozzles rotatably embedded in the inner shield; the turbine disk assembly is arranged on the inner side of the inner shield, and comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of turbine disks fixedly installed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft; a total incident port is provided on the outer shell on the outer side of the nozzle structure; the angle adjustment device comprises a coaxially arranged total torque, a total torque connecting shaft and a main gear, and a transmission gear assembly and a sub-gear corresponding to the nozzle one by one, the sub-gear being coaxially arranged and fixedly connected with the nozzle, the main gear is driven to rotate by rotating the total torque, and the sub-gear is driven to rotate by the transmission gear assembly, thereby further driving the nozzle to rotate to change the nozzle's incident angle.

[0005] In the above scheme, the transmission gear assembly includes a first transmission gear, a transmission rod and a second transmission gear arranged coaxially, the first transmission gear is meshed with the main gear, the second transmission gear is meshed with the sub-gear, and the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are connected through the transmission rod.

[0006] In the above scheme, the angle adjustment device also includes a gear base, which is arranged above the inner shield; the main gear is installed on the gear base through a main gear support; the sub-gear is installed on the gear base through a sub-gear support, and the lower end of the sub-gear support is fixedly connected to the upper end of the nozzle.

[0007] The above scheme also includes a protective cover, and the angle adjustment device is installed as a whole inside the protective cover; the total torque is installed outside the protective cover.

[0008] In the above solution, a plurality of second fixing brackets are provided on the side of the protective cover, and a plurality of corresponding first fixing brackets are provided on the side of the gear base, and the first fixing brackets are fixedly connected to the second fixing brackets.

[0009] In the above solution, a ball bearing is installed at the bottom end of the gear base, and the upper end of the rotating shaft is adapted to be installed with the ball bearing.

[0010] In the above scheme, a fluid injection channel is provided on the nozzle, the end of the fluid injection channel close to the shell is the nozzle inlet, the end of the fluid injection channel close to the turbine disk is the nozzle outlet, and the nozzle inlet opening gradually decreases to the nozzle outlet opening.

[0011] In the above solution, the width of the nozzle outlet is greater than the overall width of the turbine disk assembly.

[0012] In the above solution, a discharge port is provided on the casing below the turbine disc.

[0013] In the above solution, the surface of the turbine disk is provided with raised patterns arranged along the circumferential direction.

[0014] The beneficial effects produced by the present invention are: 1. Improve efficiency: The adjustable nozzle incident angle can be flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of the fluid and the working conditions, thereby optimizing the flow path of the fluid and the force distribution of the turbine, significantly improving the efficiency of the turbine.

[0015] 2. Strong adaptability: Under different working conditions, the physical properties of the fluid, such as viscosity and density, may vary. The adjustability of the incident angle enables the turbine to better adapt to different working conditions, thus expanding its scope of application.

[0016] 3. Reduce energy loss: Traditional turbines may cause energy loss and fluid vortexes when the nozzle angle is fixed. Adjustable nozzles can reduce these unnecessary losses, thereby improving the overall energy conversion efficiency.

[0017] 4. Increase stability: By adjusting the incident angle of the nozzle, the working stability of the turbine under different loads can be maintained, vibration and noise can be reduced, and the service life of the equipment can be extended.

[0018] 5. Optimized design flexibility: Designers can flexibly adjust the nozzle structure and incident angle according to specific needs, which provides more freedom in turbine design and helps to develop more targeted solutions.

[0019] In summary, the present invention effectively solves the problem of poor performance of traditional turbines when facing fluctuating flow or flow velocity, resulting in performance degradation, through the above advantages, especially the improvement in efficiency and adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a top view of the structure of the Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incident angle of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural exploded view of the Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incident angle of the present invention; Figure 3 is a structural cross-sectional view of a Tesla turbine with an adjustable nozzle incident angle according to the present invention; Figure 4It is a structural diagram of the nozzle area of ​​the Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incidence angle of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the nozzle adjustment area of ​​the Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incidence angle of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the nozzle structure and angle adjustment device of the Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incident angle of the present invention; Figure 7 is a bottom cross-sectional perspective view of a gear base of a Tesla turbine with an adjustable nozzle incident angle according to the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the turbine disk of the Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incident angle according to the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 10, housing; 11, total incident port; 12, discharge port; 20. Chamber; 31. inner shield; 32. nozzle; 321. nozzle inlet; 322. nozzle outlet; 323. upper nozzle support; 324. lower nozzle support; 41. turbine disk; 411. raised pattern; 42. rotating shaft; 51. total torque; 52. total torque connecting shaft; 53. main gear; 531. main gear support; 54. first transmission gear; 55. transmission rod; 56. second transmission gear; 57. secondary gear; 571. secondary gear support; 58. gear base; 581. first fixed bracket; 59. ball bearing; 60. Protective cover; 61. Exhaust hole; 62. Second fixing bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout type may also be more complicated.

[0025] In the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, if the terms "first" and "second" appear, they are only used for description and distinction purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a Tesla turbine with an adjustable nozzle incident angle provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 10, a nozzle structure 30 and a turbine disk assembly 40 arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, and also includes an angle adjustment device 50 for adjusting the angle of the nozzle 32. A total inlet 11 is provided on the housing 10 outside the nozzle structure 30, and the total inlet 11 is directly connected to an external fluid source, allowing the fluid to smoothly enter the turbine through the total inlet 11 for energy conversion. A discharge port 12 is provided on the housing 10 below the turbine disk assembly 40, which is used to effectively discharge the fluid after energy conversion. The nozzle structure 30 is arranged between the total inlet 11 and the turbine disk assembly 40, and is responsible for spraying the fluid into the turbine disk 41 at an adjustable angle. The nozzle structure 30 includes an inner shield 31 and a plurality of nozzles 32 rotatably embedded in the inner shield 31. The turbine disk assembly 40 is arranged on the inner side of the inner shield 31, and includes a rotating shaft 42 and a plurality of turbine disks 41 fixedly installed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 42. The angle adjustment device 50 includes a coaxially arranged total torque 51, a total torque connecting shaft 52 and a main gear 53, as well as a transmission gear assembly and a sub-gear 57 corresponding to the nozzle 32. The sub-gear 57 is coaxially arranged and fixedly connected with the nozzle 32. The main gear 53 is driven to rotate by rotating the total torque 51, and the sub-gear 57 is driven to rotate by the transmission gear assembly, thereby further driving the nozzle 32 to rotate to change the incident angle of the nozzle 32, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately controlling the incident angle of the fluid. This adjustment mechanism allows the angle of the nozzle 32 to change flexibly, so that the fluid enters the turbine disc 41 in the best incident state, effectively improving the working efficiency and performance of the turbine.

[0027] Continue to see Figure 4 The interior of the entire turbine casing 10 can be subdivided into three main working areas, namely the fluid inlet area, the fluid area and the exhaust area.

[0028] The fluid inlet area is configured with multiple nozzles 32 and turbine disks 41, which are designed to optimize the direction of fluid inflow and the impact effect. The fluid flows into the turbine through the total injection port, and then forms a roughly annular chamber 20 through the turbine housing 10 and the inner shroud 31, and is uniformly injected into the inlet of the nozzle 32 at the same flow rate, and then passes through the set angle of the nozzle 32, so that the fluid can enter the fluid area at the same incident angle. Finally, the outlets of the nozzles 32 distributed on the turbine disk 41 are incident on the section of the turbine disk 41, and the fluid drives the turbine disk 41 to rotate through the tangential stress with the turbine disk 41.

[0029] The fluid zone is the core of the entire turbine, and includes a rotating shaft 42 and a turbine disk 41. The movement of the turbine disk 41 drives the rotating shaft 42 to move, and the rotating shaft 42 is connected to the outside. When the fluid enters the fluid zone through the nozzle 32, the fluid is acted upon by a tangential viscous force, which causes the turbine disk 41 to generate a rotating motion on the rotating shaft 42, thereby realizing energy conversion and output.

[0030] Exhaust area: The exhaust area is designed to collect the fluid after energy conversion to ensure that the fluid remains unobstructed during the operation of the turbine. The treated fluid is discharged through the exhaust port 12 to avoid the problem of airflow backflow, thereby maintaining the working efficiency and performance stability of the entire turbine. The exhaust design not only improves the fluidity of the airflow, but also significantly enhances the overall performance of the turbine, enabling it to operate efficiently under various working conditions.

[0031] Further optimization, the inner shroud 31 is an annular structure, and the nozzles 32 are evenly arranged and installed around, ensuring that the direction and speed of the fluid inflow are consistent from all angles, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency and overall performance of the turbine. In this embodiment, four nozzles 32 are evenly arranged in the inner shroud 31 along the circumferential direction.

[0032] Further optimization, such as Figure 5-6 As shown, the transmission gear assembly includes a first transmission gear 54, a transmission rod 55, and a second transmission gear 56 which are coaxially arranged. The first transmission gear 54 meshes with the main gear 53, and the second transmission gear 56 meshes with the sub-gear 57. The first transmission gear 54 and the second transmission gear 56 are connected through the transmission rod 55. The main gear 53 is fixed on the axis of the total torque 51. When rotating, it drives the first transmission gear 54 to rotate, and then drives the second transmission gear 56 to rotate through the transmission rod 55. The second transmission gear 56 drives the sub-gear 57 to rotate, and the rotation is transmitted to the nozzle 32 to achieve the rotation adjustment of the nozzle 32. In this embodiment, four transmission gear assemblies and sub-gears 57 are provided, corresponding to the nozzles 32 one by one. When the main gear 53 rotates, the four nozzles 32 are driven to rotate at the same time, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the incident angles of the four nozzles 32 at the same time.

[0033] Further optimized, the angle adjustment device 50 also includes a gear base 58, which is connected to the inner shield 31; the main gear 53 is installed on the gear base 58 through the main gear support 531; the sub-gear 57 is installed on the gear base 58 through the sub-gear support 571, and the lower end of the sub-gear support 571 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the nozzle 32.

[0034] Further optimized, the Tesla turbine of the present invention also includes a protective cover 60, and the angle adjustment device 50 is integrally installed inside the protective cover 60. The protective cover 60 can effectively prevent the intrusion of dust and other foreign matter, reduce the corrosion risk of components, and protect the internal structure from damage in the event of an accidental collision. The outer ring of the protective cover 60 is evenly provided with exhaust holes 61 to ensure that the inside of the cover can effectively dissipate heat, thereby significantly reducing the risk of failure caused by high temperature. In order to meet the operating requirements of the turbine in a high temperature environment, the cover body of the protective cover 60 is made of high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant materials to extend its service life and maintain the overall stability of the system.

[0035] Further optimization, the total torque 51 is installed outside the protective cover 60, and the total torque connecting shaft 52 passes through the protective cover 60 and is connected to the total torque 51. This allows the operator to control the spray angle of the nozzle 32 by applying torque from the outside through the total torque 51 without removing the protective cover 60, which is convenient for operation and later maintenance.

[0036] For further optimization, a plurality of second fixing brackets 62 are provided on the side of the protective cover 60, and a plurality of corresponding first fixing brackets 581 are provided on the side of the gear base 58. The first fixing brackets 581 and the second fixing brackets 62 are fixedly connected by bolts, so that the protective cover 60 is easy to install and disassemble.

[0037] Further optimization, such as Figure 7 As shown, a ball bearing 59 is installed at the bottom end of the gear base 58, and the upper end of the rotating shaft 42 is adapted to be installed with the ball bearing 59. The rotating shaft 42 is stably fixed by being combined with the ball bearing 59, and can effectively reduce friction and wear, thereby significantly improving the overall operating efficiency of the turbine.

[0038] Further optimization, a fluid injection channel is provided on the nozzle 32, the end of the fluid injection channel close to the housing 10 is the nozzle inlet 321, the end of the fluid injection channel close to the turbine disc 41 is the nozzle outlet 322, and the opening of the nozzle inlet 321 to the nozzle outlet 322 gradually decreases. The advantages of this design are: 1. It can increase the flow rate (based on the Bernoulli principle, when the fluid flows in the pipeline, the reduction of the cross-sectional area will lead to an increase in the flow rate) to improve the working efficiency; 2. Increase the pressure (as the fluid accelerates in the nozzle 32, the pressure energy of the fluid is converted into kinetic energy) to improve the efficiency of the turbine; 3. Improve fluid dynamics, the reduced nozzle shape can reduce the turbulence of the fluid, help form a more stable flow pattern, and reduce the resistance of the fluid to improve the working efficiency of the turbine.

[0039] Further optimization is performed, and the width of the nozzle outlet 322 is greater than the overall width of the turbine disk assembly (i.e., the distance between the turbine disks at the two ends of the outermost edge). This design can not only effectively ensure the uniform distribution of the fluid, but also facilitate the accurate guidance of the fluid to the multiple turbine disks 41 at a suitable attack angle and appropriate pressure state before entering the turbine disk 41.

[0040] Further optimization is performed, the upper and lower ends of the nozzle 32 are rotationally connected to the inner shield 31 through the upper nozzle support 323 and the lower nozzle drag 324 respectively, and the shape between the upper nozzle support 323 and the lower nozzle drag 324 is designed according to the shape of the nozzle 32. In this embodiment, the nozzle 32 is cylindrical, and the combination of the upper and lower nozzle supports is cylindrical in the middle, and its size is just enough to accommodate the nozzle 32, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing.

[0041] Further optimization, such as Figure 8 As shown, in order to increase the friction between the turbine disk 41 and the fluid, the front surface of the turbine disk 41 is provided with convex lines 411 arranged along the circumferential direction, aiming to increase the contact area between the fluid and the surface of the turbine disk 41, thereby enhancing the viscous friction. In this embodiment, the convex lines 411 are straight lines with a height of 0.1 mm.

[0042] For further optimization, the turbine discs 41 are all made of high-strength and lightweight materials to reduce energy loss during rotation.

[0043] It should be pointed out that, according to the needs of implementation, the various steps / components described in this application can be split into more steps / components, and two or more steps / components or partial operations of steps / components can be combined into new steps / components to achieve the purpose of the present invention.

[0044] The order of execution of each step in the above embodiment does not mean the order of execution. The order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present application.

[0045] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Tesla turbine with an adjustable nozzle incident angle, characterized in that: It includes an outer shell, a nozzle structure and a turbine disk assembly which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, and also includes an angle adjustment device for adjusting the nozzle angle; the nozzle structure includes an inner shield and a plurality of nozzles rotatably embedded in the inner shield; the turbine disk assembly is arranged on the inner side of the inner shield, and includes a rotating shaft and a plurality of turbine disks fixedly installed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft; a total incident port is provided on the outer shell at the outer side of the nozzle structure; the angle adjustment device includes a coaxially arranged total torque, a total torque connecting shaft and a main gear, and a transmission gear assembly and a sub-gear corresponding to the nozzle one by one, the sub-gear is coaxially arranged and fixedly connected with the nozzle, the main gear is driven to rotate by rotating the total torque, and the sub-gear is driven to rotate by the transmission gear assembly, thereby further driving the nozzle to rotate to change the incident angle of the nozzle.

2. The Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incidence angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission gear assembly includes a first transmission gear, a transmission rod and a second transmission gear which are coaxially arranged. The first transmission gear is meshed with the main gear, the second transmission gear is meshed with the sub-gear, and the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are connected through the transmission rod.

3. The Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incident angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment device also includes a gear base, which is arranged on one side of the inner shield and is fixedly connected to the inner shield; the main gear is installed on the gear base through a main gear support; the sub-gear is installed on the gear base through a sub-gear support, and the lower end of the sub-gear support is fixedly connected to the upper end of the nozzle.

4. The Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incident angle according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a protective cover, wherein the angle adjustment device is integrally installed inside the protective cover; and the total torque is installed outside the protective cover.

5. The Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incident angle according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of second fixing brackets are arranged on the side of the protective cover, and a plurality of corresponding first fixing brackets are arranged on the side of the gear base, and the first fixing brackets are fixedly connected to the second fixing brackets.

6. The Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incidence angle according to claim 3, characterized in that: A ball bearing is installed at the bottom end of the gear base, and the upper end of the rotating shaft is adapted to be installed with the ball bearing.

7. The Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incidence angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle is provided with a fluid injection channel, one end of the fluid injection channel close to the shell is the nozzle inlet, and one end of the fluid injection channel close to the turbine disc is the nozzle outlet, and the nozzle inlet opening gradually decreases to the nozzle outlet opening.

8. The Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incidence angle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The nozzle outlet has a width that is greater than the overall width of the turbine disk assembly.

9. The Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incidence angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing is provided with a discharge port below the turbine disc.

10. The Tesla turbine with adjustable nozzle incidence angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the turbine disk is provided with raised patterns arranged along the circumferential direction.

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