Method and device for evaluating performance of distribution area of fuel cell and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell distribution area performance evaluation method and device and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining geometric models of a distribution area and a flow channel area of a fuel cell; simulating the flowing process of the fluid based on the geometric model by utilizing a VOF calculation model; carrying out initialization processing on the preset area, and carrying out numerical simulation solution on the VOF calculation model; performance of the distribution zone of the fuel cell is evaluated based on the transient volume ratio data. According to the invention, the accuracy of distribution area simulation is improved through the VOF model. By introducing the quantitative index of the phase volume ratio, the flow uniformity of the fluid in the distribution area can be quantitatively evaluated, so that the performance of the distribution area can be evaluated, rapid comparison of different design schemes is realized, and the performance evaluation speed is improved. In addition, the index of the phase volume ratio can provide data support for design optimization, the design quality of the distribution area is improved, and the overall performance of the fuel cell is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and in particular to a method, device, electronic device and computer-readable storage medium for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area. Background Art

[0002] As an efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion device, fuel cells have broad application prospects in transportation, stationary power generation and portable power sources. In the design and operation of fuel cells, the performance of the distribution zone has a decisive influence on the performance of the entire cell. The distribution zone is mainly responsible for evenly transporting reactants (such as hydrogen and oxygen) to the reaction area of ​​the cell, while effectively managing the distribution of water and heat to ensure efficient and stable operation of the cell.

[0003] However, since the design and performance of the distribution area involve multiple fluid mechanics properties such as flow rate, pressure, temperature and phase distribution, and there are complex interrelationships between these properties, it is difficult to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the distribution area through a single indicator. At the same time, since the flow state and reaction characteristics of the distribution area under actual working conditions will change with time and load, this dynamic characteristic makes it difficult for static evaluation indicators to accurately reflect the true performance of the distribution area. Finally, there is currently no unified industry standard for the evaluation of fuel cell distribution areas, resulting in inconsistent indicators used in different studies and applications, which not only increases the difficulty of comparison, but also affects the reliability and comparability of the evaluation results. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve one or more defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a method, device, electronic device and computer-readable storage medium for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area.

[0005] A method for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area, comprising:

[0006] Obtaining geometric models of the distribution area and flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell;

[0007] Using a VOF (Volume of Fluid) calculation model to simulate the flow process of the fluid in the distribution area and the flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell based on the geometric model;

[0008] Initializing a preset area in the VOF calculation model, and performing numerical simulation on the VOF calculation model to obtain transient volume percentage data of each phase medium;

[0009] A performance of a distribution zone of the fuel cell is evaluated based on the transient volume share data.

[0010] Optionally, the simulating the flow process of the fluid in the distribution area and the flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell based on the geometric model by using the VOF calculation model includes:

[0011] Discretizing the geometric model into grids;

[0012] The VOF calculation model is used to set boundary conditions for each grid to simulate the flow process of the fluid in each grid:

[0013]

[0014] Among them, ρ q is the density of the primary phase q, α q is the volume fraction of the primary phase q in a single grid, is the divergence operator, is the vector velocity of the primary phase q, is the right source phase, is the mass transfer from the primary phase q to the secondary phase p, is the mass transfer from the secondary phase p to the primary phase q, and n is the total number of phases in the VOF calculation model.

[0015] Optionally, the initializing the preset area in the VOF calculation model includes:

[0016] The constraint for determining the volume fraction of the primary phase q is:

[0017]

[0018] The volume fraction constraint of the secondary phase p in the preset region is determined as:

[0019] α p =1

[0020] The transient volume percentage data of the secondary phase p is determined as:

[0021] ω t =α pt

[0022] Among them, ω t is the transient volume fraction of the secondary phase p, α pt is the volume fraction of the secondary phase p at time t.

[0023] Optionally, performing numerical simulation on the VOF calculation model to obtain transient volume percentage data of each phase medium includes:

[0024] The VOF calculation model is discretized into:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, n+1 is the current time step, n is the previous time step, is the phase volume fraction of the primary phase q at the time step n+1, is the phase volume fraction of the primary phase q at time step n, is the face value of the phase volume fraction of the primary phase q at time step n+1, is the volume flow through the face at time step n+1, and V is the volume of a single grid.

[0027] Before discretizing the VOF calculation model by implicit calculation, the method further includes:

[0028] Optionally, the constraint for determining the Courant number of the VOF calculation model is:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, u is the fluid velocity, △t is the time step, and △x is the grid size.

[0031] Optionally, the evaluating the performance of the distribution area of ​​the fuel cell based on the transient volume share data includes:

[0032] The weighted average value of the transient volume fraction data of the secondary phase p over time t is calculated according to the formula:

[0033]

[0034] evaluating a performance of a distribution zone of the fuel cell based on the weighted average;

[0035] in, is the weighted average of the transient volume fraction data of the secondary phase p over time t, P t is the weight value associated with time t.

[0036] Optionally, the geometric model is specifically a two-dimensional geometric model.

[0037] A device for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area, comprising:

[0038] An acquisition module, used to acquire geometric models of a distribution area and a flow channel area of ​​a fuel cell;

[0039] A simulation module, used for simulating the flow process of the fluid in the distribution area and the flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell based on the geometric model by using the VOF calculation model;

[0040] A calculation module, used to initialize a preset area in the VOF calculation model, and perform numerical simulation on the VOF calculation model to obtain transient volume percentage data of each phase medium;

[0041] An evaluation module is used to construct an evaluation model based on the transient volume percentage data, and use the evaluation model to evaluate the performance of the distribution area of ​​the fuel cell.

[0042] An electronic device, comprising:

[0043] A processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store at least one instruction, and when the instruction is loaded and executed by the processor, the method for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area as described in any one of the above is implemented.

[0044] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area as described in any one of the above.

[0045] The method for evaluating the performance of the fuel cell distribution area provided in the embodiment of the present invention obtains the geometric model of the distribution area and the flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell; uses the VOF calculation model to simulate the flow process of the fluid in the distribution area and the flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell based on the geometric model; initializes the preset area in the VOF calculation model, and performs numerical simulation and solution on the VOF calculation model to obtain the transient volume ratio data of each phase medium; and evaluates the performance of the distribution area of ​​the fuel cell based on the transient volume ratio data. The present invention can more accurately capture the complex interaction of the gas-liquid phase in the distribution area through the VOF model, thereby improving the accuracy of the simulation. At the same time, by introducing the quantitative index of the phase volume ratio, the flow uniformity of the fluid in the distribution area can be quantitatively evaluated, and then the performance of the distribution area can be evaluated, which realizes a rapid comparison of different design schemes and improves the speed of performance evaluation. In addition, the phase volume ratio index can provide data support for design optimization, help improve the design quality of the distribution area, and thus improve the overall performance of the fuel cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2A schematic structural diagram of a geometric model of a distribution area and a flow channel area of ​​a fuel cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a numerical simulation result of a VOF calculation model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of transient volume percentage data provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell distribution area performance evaluation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0055] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0056] As an efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion device, fuel cells have broad application prospects in transportation, stationary power generation and portable power sources. In the design and operation of fuel cells, the performance of the distribution zone has a decisive influence on the performance of the entire cell. The distribution zone is mainly responsible for evenly transporting reactants (such as hydrogen and oxygen) to the reaction area of ​​the cell, while effectively managing the distribution of water and heat to ensure efficient and stable operation of the cell.

[0057] In the design of fuel cells, the key role of the distribution area is reflected in three aspects: first, the distribution area ensures that the reactants are evenly distributed in the cell reaction area to avoid regional insufficient reaction, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency; second, the distribution area effectively manages the generation and discharge of water under multiphase flow conditions to prevent flooding and ensure stable operation of the cell; finally, a good flow distribution design helps maintain the uniformity of temperature and pressure inside the cell, prevents the formation of hot spots and cold spots, and enhances the overall safety and reliability of the cell. The realization of these functions is crucial to the performance of the fuel cell.

[0058] However, since the design and performance of the distribution area involve multiple fluid mechanics characteristics such as flow rate, pressure, temperature and phase distribution, and there are complex relationships between these characteristics, it is difficult to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the distribution area through a single indicator. At the same time, since the flow state and reaction characteristics of the distribution area under actual working conditions will change with time and load, this dynamic characteristic makes it difficult for static evaluation indicators to accurately reflect the true performance of the distribution area. Finally, there is currently no unified industry standard for the evaluation of fuel cell distribution areas, resulting in inconsistent indicators used in different studies and applications, which not only increases the difficulty of comparison, but also affects the reliability and comparability of the evaluation results. Therefore, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area to solve the above problems.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 1 , is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area provided by an embodiment of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0060] Step S01, obtaining geometric models of the distribution area and flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell.

[0061] In this embodiment, the geometric model of the distribution area and flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell describes in detail the geometric shape and characteristics of the distribution area and flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell. The purpose of obtaining the geometric model is to define the boundary conditions and regional characteristics of the fluid flow according to the geometric model, and then use the VOF calculation model to simulate the flow process of the fluid in the fuel cell, so as to improve the accuracy of the simulation of the fluid flow process.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 2 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of a geometric model of a distribution area and a flow channel area of ​​a fuel cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Figure 1 shows a diagram of a 3D image of a human face with three main areas labeled:

[0063] Fuel cell distribution area 11: This area is responsible for evenly distributing reactants (such as hydrogen and oxygen) in the fuel cell. The design of the distribution area is crucial to ensure that the reactants can be efficiently delivered to the reaction area of ​​the cell, which affects the energy conversion efficiency and overall performance of the cell.

[0064] Fuel cell flow channel area 12: The flow channel area is the channel for the flow of fluid (including reactants and products) in the fuel cell. The design of this area needs to consider the fluid dynamics to optimize the flow and heat transfer of the fluid, while managing the distribution of water and heat to prevent flooding and maintain stable operation of the battery.

[0065] Preset region 121: Preset region 121 is a specific region used to set initial conditions during the simulation or testing of the fuel cell. In CFD simulation, initializing the local medium region may involve setting initial fluid properties for the simulation, such as velocity, pressure, temperature, and phase distribution, to ensure the accuracy of the simulation results.

[0066] In some embodiments, the geometric models of the distribution area and flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell may be obtained by obtaining the geometric models corresponding to the distribution area and flow channel area of ​​the current fuel cell from a preset location (such as the cloud or a model database); or, using computer-aided design (CAD) software to draw the geometric model according to the design parameters and geometric requirements of the fuel cell. This embodiment does not specifically limit the method for obtaining the geometric models of the distribution area and flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell.

[0067] In some embodiments, the geometric model of the distribution area and flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell can be specifically a two-dimensional geometric model. The purpose is to simplify the calculation process of the fuel cell distribution area performance evaluation and improve the calculation speed. The two-dimensional geometric model can be generated in CAD software, and a virtual thickness is given to the model to simulate the actual three-dimensional structure. Virtual thickness is a method of not reflecting its thickness in the geometric model, but setting a virtual thickness value for it during the simulation process. This can greatly reduce the number of grids while considering thermal resistance or flow characteristics, thereby speeding up the calculation speed. In order to achieve while maintaining the simulation accuracy, reduce the demand for computing resources, making design iteration and performance evaluation more efficient.

[0068] Step S02 : simulating the flow process of the fluid in the distribution area and the flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell based on the geometric model by using the VOF calculation model.

[0069] The purpose of using the VOF model to simulate the flow process of the fluid in this embodiment is to calculate the transient volume percentage data of each phase medium, and then evaluate the performance of the fuel cell distribution area. In this embodiment, by applying the VOF calculation model to the geometric model of the distribution area and flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell, the complex interaction between the gas and liquid phases in the fuel cell distribution area can be accurately captured, including the dynamic changes of flow, mixing and phase interface. The VOF model can effectively track the interface between different phases, which is crucial for understanding and optimizing the reactant distribution, liquid management and temperature and pressure control in fuel cells.

[0070] In some embodiments, by using the VOF calculation model to simulate the flow process of the fluid, detailed data of the fluid flow can also be provided to researchers, including flow rate, pressure, temperature and phase distribution, etc., which are essential for evaluating and improving the design of the distribution area. At the same time, this embodiment allows the design of the fuel cell distribution area to be quickly iterated and optimized in a virtual environment, thereby accelerating the design process of the fuel cell and improving its performance.

[0071] In some embodiments, as mentioned in step S02, using the VOF calculation model to simulate the flow process of the fluid in the distribution area and the flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell based on the geometric model may specifically include the following steps:

[0072] Step S11, performing discretization grid division on the geometric model.

[0073] In this embodiment, the discretization grid division of the geometric model refers to dividing the continuous geometric model of the distribution area and the flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell into a large number of small, finite, discrete units, which are called grids in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. This process is to convert the complex continuous domain into a discrete form that can be numerically solved, so that the fluid dynamics equations can be solved by numerical methods on the computer. Discretization grid division is a basic step in the simulation process, which directly affects the accuracy and computational efficiency of the simulation. In this way, the fluid behavior in each grid unit can be analyzed in detail, including flow rate, pressure, temperature, etc., so as to more accurately predict and evaluate the performance of the fuel cell. In addition, reasonable grid division can also ensure the stability and reliability of the simulation results, while controlling the computing cost, making design optimization and performance evaluation more efficient.

[0074] In some embodiments, the geometric models of the distribution area and flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell can be imported into mesh generation software, such as ANSYS Meshing or ICEM CFD; then, according to the characteristics of the geometric model and the simulation requirements, a suitable mesh type (such as a structured mesh or an unstructured mesh) is selected; subsequently, the mesh size and the encryption area are set to ensure that there is sufficient mesh density to capture details in key areas such as fluid interfaces and areas where flow changes drastically; thereafter, a mesh quality check is performed to ensure that the mesh meets the accuracy and quality standards required for the simulation; finally, a mesh file for CFD simulation is generated and exported.

[0075] Step S22, using the VOF calculation model to set boundary conditions for each grid to simulate the flow process of the fluid in each grid:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, ρq is the density of the primary phase q, α q is the volume fraction of the primary phase q in a single grid, is the divergence operator, is the vector velocity of the primary phase q, is the right source phase, is the mass transfer from the primary phase q to the secondary phase p, is the mass transfer from the secondary phase p to the primary phase q, and n is the total number of phases in the VOF calculation model.

[0078] In this embodiment, the primary phase q of the VOF calculation model is defined as medium air, and the secondary phase p is defined as medium liquid water. In the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, appropriate physical conditions such as velocity, pressure, temperature, etc. are specified for each grid unit according to the discretized grid division of the geometric model to simulate the flow behavior of the fluid in the fuel cell distribution area and the flow channel area. The boundary conditions define the interaction between the fluid and the surrounding environment, which directly affects the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results.

[0079] In the VOF calculation model, the setting of boundary conditions includes but is not limited to inlet boundary conditions (such as velocity inlet, pressure inlet or mass flow inlet), outlet boundary conditions (such as pressure outlet or flow outlet), and wall conditions (such as no-slip conditions or partial slip conditions). These conditions ensure that the physical behavior of the fluid is correctly represented during the simulation. For example, the inlet boundary conditions can define the velocity distribution and properties of the fluid entering the calculation domain, while the outlet boundary conditions define the behavior of the fluid when it leaves the calculation domain. Wall conditions involve the interaction between the fluid and the solid surface, such as adhesion, slip, etc. By accurately setting these boundary conditions, the VOF calculation model can capture the complex flow characteristics of the fluid in the fuel cell, including the interface tracking and mass transfer between the gas-liquid phases, thereby providing important data support for the design and performance evaluation of the fuel cell.

[0080] Based on the above technical solution, this embodiment realizes accurate simulation and dynamic analysis of the multiphase flow process in the fuel cell. It can not only capture the complex interaction of the gas-liquid interface, but also provide data support for design optimization through quantitative volume fraction indicators, so that the flow uniformity can be quantitatively evaluated, thus indicating the direction for performance improvement.

[0081] Step S03, initializing the preset area in the VOF calculation model, and performing numerical simulation on the VOF calculation model to obtain transient volume percentage data of each phase medium.

[0082] In this embodiment, during the multiphase flow simulation process, each calculation unit (grid) in the VOF model is first given an initial state according to its physical properties and simulation requirements, such as setting the initial volume fraction, velocity, pressure and temperature. This initialization step provides the starting conditions for the multiphase flow simulation process. Subsequently, by solving the control equations in the VOF model, the flow and phase change process of the fluid in the fuel cell distribution area and the flow channel area are simulated to obtain the volume percentage data of each phase medium changing with time. Transient volume percentage data can provide detailed information about reactant distribution, liquid management and temperature and pressure uniformity, which is crucial for analyzing and evaluating the performance of fuel cells.

[0083] Please refer to Figure 3 , which is a structural schematic diagram of the numerical simulation results of a VOF calculation model provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 The simulation results of the VOF calculation model based on the geometric model of the fuel cell distribution area and the flow channel area are shown, specifically the fluid distribution state when the simulation time reaches 2.61 milliseconds, where:

[0084] The figure shows the movement of liquid in the distribution area of ​​a fuel cell. Liquids usually play a role in cooling and removing products (such as water) in fuel cells. Through the VOF calculation model, it is possible to observe how the liquid flows inside the cell and how it interacts with the gas.

[0085] The enlarged part of the figure provides detailed interface information of the liquid and gas phases in the distribution area, with the black area representing the gas phase and the white area representing the liquid phase. The VOF calculation model is suitable for capturing the dynamic behavior of this gas-liquid two-phase interface, which is crucial for understanding the distribution and transport characteristics of fluids in fuel cells.

[0086] Through this simulation, researchers can provide multiphase flow characteristics data inside the fuel cell to optimize the distribution area design and improve the efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell. This simulation result is of great value in guiding the actual fuel cell design and operation.

[0087] In some embodiments, the initialization process of the preset area in the VOF calculation model mentioned in step S03 may specifically include the following steps:

[0088] The constraint for determining the volume fraction of the primary phase q is:

[0089]

[0090] The volume fraction constraint of the secondary phase p in the preset region is determined as:

[0091] α p =1

[0092] The transient volume percentage data of the secondary phase p is determined as:

[0093] ω t =α pt

[0094] Among them, ω t is the transient volume fraction of the secondary phase p, α pt is the volume fraction of the secondary phase p at time t.

[0095] In this embodiment, the accuracy and reliability of the simulation can be ensured by accurately initializing the preset area in the VOF calculation model. This embodiment sets the volume fraction constraint of the primary phase (such as air) to 1, ensuring that the sum of the volume fractions of all primary phases is equal to the entire space, thereby maintaining mass conservation. At the same time, the volume fraction of the secondary phase (such as water) in the preset area is set to 1, ensuring that the secondary phase is completely occupied in a specific area, which is crucial for simulating flooding and liquid management in fuel cells. In addition, by determining the transient volume fraction data of the secondary phase, the distribution and dynamic changes of the fluid in the fuel cell can be tracked and analyzed in real time, providing important data support for evaluating the performance of the fuel cell distribution area.

[0096] On the basis of the above embodiments, in some embodiments, as mentioned in step S03, numerical simulation and solving of the VOF calculation model are performed to obtain transient volume fraction data of each phase medium, which may specifically include the following steps:

[0097] The VOF calculation model is discretized into:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, n+1 is the current time step, n is the previous time step, is the phase volume fraction of the primary phase q at the time step n+1, is the phase volume fraction of the primary phase q at time step n, is the face value of the phase volume fraction of the primary phase q at time step n+1, is the volume flow through the face at time step n+1, and V is the volume of a single grid.

[0100] In this embodiment, by using an implicit calculation method to perform numerical simulation and solve the VOF calculation model, the transient volume fraction data of each phase medium in the fuel cell distribution area and the flow channel area can be obtained more stably and accurately. This embodiment takes into account the change in phase volume fraction between the current time step and the previous time step, as well as the volume flow rate through each face value, thereby ensuring the accuracy of mass conservation and momentum transfer during the simulation process. The implicit calculation method allows the use of a larger time step, improves calculation efficiency, and maintains numerical stability, which is particularly important for dealing with multiphase flow problems in fuel cells.

[0101] In some embodiments, before using implicit calculation to discretize the VOF calculation model, the following steps may be performed:

[0102] The constraints for determining the Courant number of the VOF calculation model are:

[0103]

[0104] Among them, u is the fluid velocity, △t is the time step, and △x is the grid size.

[0105] In this embodiment, the numerical stability and solution accuracy of the VOF calculation model are ensured by introducing the constraint of the Courant number in the implicit calculation process. The Courant number is an important parameter used to judge the stability of numerical simulation in fluid dynamics. It is defined as the product of the fluid velocity u and the time step △t divided by the grid size △x. In the VOF calculation model, the constraint of the Courant number usually requires that the C value is less than a certain threshold (such as 10) to ensure the stability of the simulation. By limiting the Courant number, numerical oscillations and instability caused by too large a time step or too coarse a grid size can be avoided, thereby ensuring the reliability of the simulation results.

[0106] Step S04 : evaluating the performance of the distribution area of ​​the fuel cell based on the transient volume share data.

[0107] In this embodiment, the effectiveness of the distribution area design is quantitatively evaluated by analyzing the transient volume fraction data of each phase medium under different operating conditions of the fuel cell. By analyzing the change of the liquid phase volume fraction over time under different operating conditions of the fuel cell, the change of the liquid phase volume in the distribution area can be quantitatively expressed, thereby evaluating the drainage performance of the fuel cell.

[0108] Furthermore, by obtaining transient volume fraction data, the fluid dynamics of the distribution area can be analyzed in detail, including the flow, mixing and phase separation processes of the fluid, which are key factors affecting the performance of the fuel cell. In addition, this evaluation helps to identify and solve potential drainage problems and optimize the distribution area design, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the fuel cell. Transient volume fraction data provides important feedback for the design of fuel cells, allowing engineers to more accurately control and predict the behavior of the cell, achieving more efficient energy conversion and more stable operation.

[0109] Please refer to Figure 4 , is a schematic diagram of transient volume percentage data provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, a comparative analysis of the liquid phase volume ratio of two different fuel cell distribution area designs (type A and type B) as the iteration time changes based on the VOF calculation model is shown. The horizontal axis of the chart represents the iteration time (in milliseconds, ms), and the vertical axis represents the volume ratio of the aqueous medium phase in the distribution area (in percentage, %).

[0110] From the figure we can observe that:

[0111] For version A (solid line), at the beginning of the iteration time, the liquid phase volume ratio increases rapidly, reaches a high peak, and then gradually decreases, but the overall ratio is still high.

[0112] Compared with version A, version B (dashed line) shows that the liquid volume percentage of version B decreases faster after reaching the peak, and its overall percentage is lower than that of version A, which indicates that version B is more effective in drainage.

[0113] It can be seen that the liquid phase volume ratio of version B remains low over time, which means that the design of version B can more effectively manage the generation and discharge of water, reduce flooding, and thus maintain stable operation of the battery.

[0114] In summary, the design of version B is superior to version A in terms of drainage performance of the fuel cell, allowing water to be discharged from the cell more effectively, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the fuel cell.

[0115] In some embodiments, as mentioned in step S04, the performance of the distribution area of ​​the fuel cell is evaluated based on the transient volume share data, which may specifically include the following steps:

[0116] The weighted average value of the transient volume fraction data of the secondary phase p over time t is calculated according to the formula:

[0117]

[0118] evaluating the performance of the assigned area of ​​the fuel cell based on a weighted average;

[0119] in, is the weighted average of the transient volume fraction data of the secondary phase p over time t, P t is the weight value associated with time t.

[0120] In this embodiment, by calculating the weighted average of the transient volume fraction data of the secondary phase (such as liquid water) over time, the performance of different distribution zones can be evaluated more accurately. This method takes into account the influence of time factors on liquid phase distribution and introduces a weight value P t , making the evaluation more flexible and able to adjust according to the importance of different time periods. It can reflect the effect of the distribution area in managing the liquid phase, preventing flooding and maintaining stable operation of the battery, thus providing a scientific basis for design optimization and performance improvement. Through this evaluation, the design and operation of fuel cells can be more effectively guided to improve their energy conversion efficiency and reliability.

[0121] Based on the above technical solution, the method for evaluating the performance of the fuel cell distribution area provided in the embodiment of the present invention obtains the geometric model of the distribution area and the flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell; uses the VOF calculation model to simulate the flow process of the fluid in the distribution area and the flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell based on the geometric model; initializes the preset area in the VOF calculation model, and performs numerical simulation and solution on the VOF calculation model to obtain the transient volume ratio data of each phase medium; and evaluates the performance of the distribution area of ​​the fuel cell based on the transient volume ratio data. The present invention can more accurately capture the complex interaction of the gas-liquid phase in the distribution area through the VOF model, thereby improving the accuracy of the simulation. At the same time, by introducing the quantitative index of phase volume ratio, the flow uniformity of the fluid in the distribution area can be quantitatively evaluated, and then the performance of the distribution area can be evaluated, which realizes the rapid comparison of different design schemes and improves the speed of performance evaluation. In addition, the phase volume ratio index can provide data support for design optimization, help improve the design quality of the distribution area, and thus improve the overall performance of the fuel cell.

[0122] Please refer to Figure 5 , is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel cell distribution area performance evaluation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and the fuel cell distribution area performance evaluation device may include:

[0123] An acquisition module 100 is used to acquire geometric models of a distribution area and a flow channel area of ​​a fuel cell;

[0124] The simulation module 200 is used to simulate the flow process of the fluid in the distribution area and the flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell based on the geometric model using the VOF calculation model;

[0125] The calculation module 300 is used to initialize the preset area in the VOF calculation model, and perform numerical simulation on the VOF calculation model to obtain the transient volume percentage data of each phase medium;

[0126] The evaluation module 400 is used to construct an evaluation model based on the transient volume share data, and use the evaluation model to evaluate the performance of the distribution area of ​​the fuel cell.

[0127] Based on the above embodiments, in a specific embodiment, the simulation module 200 can be specifically used for:

[0128] Discretize and mesh the geometric model;

[0129] The VOF calculation model is used to set boundary conditions for each grid to simulate the flow process of the fluid in each grid:

[0130]

[0131] Among them, ρ q is the density of the primary phase q, α q is the volume fraction of the primary phase q in a single grid, is the divergence operator, is the vector velocity of the primary phase q, is the right source phase, is the mass transfer from the primary phase q to the secondary phase p, is the mass transfer from the secondary phase p to the primary phase q, and n is the total number of phases in the VOF calculation model.

[0132] Based on the above embodiments, in a specific embodiment, the calculation module 300 can be specifically used for:

[0133] The constraint for determining the volume fraction of the primary phase q is:

[0134]

[0135] The volume fraction constraint of the secondary phase p in the preset region is determined as:

[0136] α p =1

[0137] The transient volume percentage data of the secondary phase p is determined as:

[0138] ω t =α pt

[0139] Among them, ω t is the transient volume fraction of the secondary phase p, α pt is the volume fraction of the secondary phase p at time t.

[0140] Based on the above embodiments, in a specific embodiment, the calculation module 300 can be specifically used for:

[0141] The VOF calculation model is discretized into:

[0142]

[0143] Among them, n+1 is the current time step, n is the previous time step, is the phase volume fraction of the primary phase q at the time step n+1, is the phase volume fraction of the primary phase q at time step n, is the face value of the phase volume fraction of the primary phase q at time step n+1, is the volume flow through the face at time step n+1, and V is the volume of a single grid.

[0144] Based on the above embodiment, in a specific embodiment, the calculation module 300 can also be used for:

[0145] The constraints for determining the Courant number of the VOF calculation model are:

[0146]

[0147] Among them, u is the fluid velocity, △t is the time step, and △x is the grid size.

[0148] Based on the above embodiments, in a specific embodiment, the evaluation module 400 can be specifically used for:

[0149] The weighted average value of the transient volume fraction data of the secondary phase p over time t is calculated according to the formula:

[0150]

[0151] evaluating the performance of the assigned area of ​​the fuel cell based on a weighted average;

[0152] in, is the weighted average of the transient volume fraction data of the secondary phase p over time t, P t is the weight value associated with time t.

[0153] Based on the above embodiment, in a specific embodiment, the geometric model is specifically a two-dimensional geometric model.

[0154] This embodiment provides an electronic device including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store at least one instruction, and when the instruction is loaded and executed by the processor, the above-mentioned method for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area is implemented. The execution method and beneficial effects are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0155] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area is implemented. The execution method and beneficial effects thereof are similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0156] It should be noted that although the above describes the various steps in a specific order, it does not mean that the various steps must be executed in the above specific order. In fact, some of these steps can be executed concurrently or even in a different order as long as the required functions can be achieved.

[0157] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area, characterized in that: include: Obtaining geometric models of the distribution area and flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell; Using the VOF calculation model to simulate the flow process of the fluid in the distribution area and the flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell based on the geometric model; Initializing a preset area in the VOF calculation model, and performing numerical simulation on the VOF calculation model to obtain transient volume percentage data of each phase medium; A performance of a distribution zone of the fuel cell is evaluated based on the transient volume share data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of simulating the flow process of the fluid in the distribution area and the flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell based on the geometric model by using the VOF calculation model includes: Discretizing the geometric model into grids; The VOF calculation model is used to set boundary conditions for each grid to simulate the flow process of the fluid in each grid: Among them, ρ q is the density of the primary phase q, α q is the volume fraction of the primary phase q in a single grid, is the divergence operator, is the vector velocity of the primary phase q, is the right source phase, is the mass transfer from the primary phase q to the secondary phase p, is the mass transfer from the secondary phase p to the primary phase q, and n is the total number of phases in the VOF calculation model.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The initializing process of the preset area in the VOF calculation model includes: The constraint for determining the volume fraction of the primary phase q is: The volume fraction constraint of the secondary phase p in the preset region is determined as: α p ＝1 The transient volume percentage data of the secondary phase p is determined as: oh t =a pt Among them, ω t is the transient volume fraction of the secondary phase p, α pt is the volume fraction of the secondary phase p at time t.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The VOF calculation model is numerically simulated and solved to obtain transient volume percentage data of each phase medium, including: The VOF calculation model is discretized into: Among them, n+1 is the current time step, n is the previous time step, is the phase volume fraction of the primary phase q at the time step n+1, is the phase volume fraction of the primary phase q at time step n, is the face value of the phase volume fraction of the primary phase q at time step n+1, is the volume flow through the face at time step n+1, and V is the volume of a single grid.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that Before discretizing the VOF calculation model by implicit calculation, the method further includes: The constraints for determining the Courant number of the VOF calculation model are: Among them, u is the fluid velocity, △t is the time step, and △x is the grid size.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The step of evaluating the performance of the distribution area of ​​the fuel cell based on the transient volume share data comprises: The weighted average value of the transient volume fraction data of the secondary phase p over time t is calculated according to the formula: evaluating a performance of a distribution zone of the fuel cell based on the weighted average; in, is the weighted average of the transient volume fraction data of the secondary phase p over time t, P t is the weight value associated with time t.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The geometric model is specifically a two-dimensional geometric model.

8. A device for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, used to acquire geometric models of a distribution area and a flow channel area of ​​a fuel cell; A simulation module, used for simulating the flow process of the fluid in the distribution area and the flow channel area of ​​the fuel cell based on the geometric model by using the VOF calculation model; A calculation module, used to initialize a preset area in the VOF calculation model, and perform numerical simulation on the VOF calculation model to obtain transient volume percentage data of each phase medium; An evaluation module is used to construct an evaluation model based on the transient volume share data, and use the evaluation model to evaluate the performance of the distribution area of ​​the fuel cell.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store at least one instruction, and when the instruction is loaded and executed by the processor, the method for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for evaluating the performance of a fuel cell distribution area according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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