Ultra-precise fly-cutting machine tool

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-precise fly-cutting machine tool which comprises a fly-cutting machine tool body, a hydraulic lead screw servo guide rail, a portal frame, a hydrostatic pressure main shaft and a fly-cutter disc. The ultra-precise fly-cutting machine tool can meet plane machining of main metal products in mechanical production and machining, such as plane machining of non-ferrous metal and plane machining of ferrous metal; the high-rigidity hydrostatic pressure main shaft and the high-rigidity hydrostatic pressure guide rail can meet the requirement that the main shaft still keeps very small axial run-out and radial run-out errors under the working condition of bearing certain metal machining cutting force, the hydraulic lead screw servo ensures the stability and straightness of guide rail operation, and fine and micro cutting depth adjustment is achieved through the fine adjustment tool rest. Therefore, precision machining of various metal planes is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a machine tool, in particular to an ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool, belonging to the technical field of ultra-precision machining. Background Art

[0002] Ultra-precision fly-cutting machines are widely used in aerospace, optics, semiconductors, medical equipment and other fields to process high-precision, high-surface quality parts. The fly-cutting used by ultra-precision fly-cutting machines is an important ultra-precision processing method. The machine uses a large cutter disc to fly-cut large-diameter flat components. Traditional fly-cutting machines have deficiencies in processing accuracy and surface quality and cannot meet the needs of high-end manufacturing.

[0003] In the prior art, a nano-feed assembly for an ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool disclosed in announcement number CN110815613A drives the flexible hinge up and down through various micro-displacement drivers to achieve deflection and / or vertical movement of the working platform. The present invention drives the support part made of flexible hinges through a plurality of micro-displacement drivers to achieve deflection and / or up and down movement of the fly-cutting working platform, effectively solving the problems of the existing ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tools that the cutting depth needs to be manually adjusted, the cutting depth adjustment error is large, and the single cutting amount cannot achieve sub-nanometer cutting. At the same time, it can improve the efficiency of fly-cutting machine cutting, reduce the dependence on the engineer's operating experience, and further improve the processing accuracy of the workpiece. However, in actual use, when the existing machine tool is feeding, although the fly-cutting work platform is automatically deflected or moved by the flexible hinge, the machine tool will produce low-frequency vibrations when working, that is, the machine tool will continue to work in a vibrating environment, so it will not be able to achieve high accuracy and stability when the machine tool is fly-cutting the workpiece. Secondly, when the cutting tool of the machine tool is subjected to a certain metal processing cutting force, the spindle will have a certain axial runout and radial runout error, and thus the stability and straightness of the guide rail operation cannot be guaranteed, and the precision processing of various metal planes cannot be achieved more accurately. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool with higher accuracy and better surface quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-precision fly cutting machine tool in order to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical scheme: an ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool, comprising a fly-cutting machine tool bed, a hydraulic screw servo guide rail, a gantry, a liquid hydrostatic spindle and a fly-cutting disc, the hydraulic screw servo guide rail being installed on the fly-cutting machine tool bed, the gantry being arranged above the hydraulic screw servo guide rail, and the vertical frames on both sides of the gantry being fixedly connected to both sides of the hydraulic screw servo guide rail, the liquid hydrostatic spindle being installed in the middle part of the horizontal frame of the gantry, and the fly-cutting disc being connected to the bottom end of the liquid hydrostatic spindle; Vibration isolators are installed at the four corners of the fly-cutting machine bed; The hydraulic screw servo guide includes a hydraulic screw servo motor assembly, a slide, a grating ruler assembly and a guide rail base. The slide is movably connected above the guide rail base. The screw of the hydraulic screw servo motor assembly is arranged between the slide and the guide rail base. The driving slider of the hydraulic screw servo motor assembly is fixedly connected just below the slide. The flying cutter disc comprises a flying cutter disc main body and an adjustable cutter holder. The adjustable cutter holders are respectively connected to two sides of the flying cutter disc main body. The adjustable cutter holder is a micro-feed mechanism with a locking function.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: the bed of the fly-cutting machine tool also includes a marble platform and a welding platform. The welding platform is arranged above the marble platform. Vibration isolators are arranged at the four corners of the welding platform and the marble platform. The bases of the vibration isolators are respectively fixedly connected to the four corners of the marble platform, and the upper ends of the vibration isolators are respectively fixedly connected to the four corners of the welding platform.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the hydraulic screw servo motor assembly of the hydraulic screw servo guide rail is composed of a hydraulic screw, a servo motor and an oil pressure system. Through the injection of high-pressure oil, an oil film is generated between the screw of the hydraulic screw servo motor assembly and the guide rail base under the walking board, and the walking board is driven under the action of the servo motor.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the hydraulic screw servo guide rail also includes an upper thrust plate and a side thrust plate, and the side thrust plate and the upper thrust plate are sequentially connected to the upper sides of the guide rail base.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: both sides of the slide are externally connected with protective covers, and both sides of the lower plate surface of the slide are also installed with brake components.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the gantry includes a top bracket and side columns, the side columns are vertically connected to both ends of the top bracket, and the inner column body of the side column is connected to the guide rail base of the hydraulic screw servo guide rail through threads.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the liquid hydrostatic main shaft includes a connecting flange and a rotating shaft, the connecting flange is fixedly connected to the outer shaft body of the rotating shaft, and the connecting flange is fixedly connected to the gantry through screws.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a shaft sleeve coaxially, a cooling water channel is opened in the shaft sleeve, and cooling water circulates in the cooling water channel.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts a hydraulic screw to transmit power, and a liquid hydrostatic guide rail is arranged on the work surface of the bed. The liquid hydrostatic guide rail has higher rigidity than a gas hydrostatic guide rail, and has higher precision and service life than a mechanical guide rail, and has higher stability, precision and rigidity; the present invention adopts a liquid hydrostatic spindle arranged vertically on the gantry to ensure that the fly cutting has higher surface quality and stability, and can adjust the supply of cold water by monitoring the temperature of the cooling water channel inside the sleeve, and the flow of cooling water takes away excess heat, so that the spindle is always kept within a constant range, and the spindle obtains better thermal stability and high precision, and has higher stability, precision and rigidity; The ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool of the present invention can meet the needs of plane processing of major metal products in mechanical production and processing, such as plane processing of non-ferrous metals, plane processing of ferrous metals, etc. The high-rigidity liquid hydrostatic spindle and liquid hydrostatic guide rail can meet the conditions of bearing a certain metal processing cutting force, and the spindle still maintains very small axial runout and radial runout errors. The hydraulic lead screw servo ensures the stability and straightness of the guide rail operation, and fine-tuning the tool holder to achieve fine cutting depth adjustment, thereby realizing precision processing of various metal planes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bed of the fly-cutting machine tool of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic screw servo guide structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the gantry structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid hydrostatic spindle of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flying cutter disc of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure: 01, flying cutting machine bed, 02, hydraulic screw servo guide, 03, gantry, 04, liquid hydrostatic spindle, 05, flying cutter disc, 06, marble platform, 07, vibration isolator, 08, welding platform, 09, hydraulic screw servo motor assembly, 10, slide, 11, protective cover, 12, grating scale assembly, 13, guide rail base, 14, upper thrust plate, 15, side thrust plate, 16, brake assembly, 17, top bracket, 18, side column, 19, connecting flange, 20, rotating shaft, 21, bushing, 22, flying cutter disc body, 23, adjustable tool holder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Embodiment 1, as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, an ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool comprises a fly-cutting machine tool bed 01, a hydraulic screw servo guide rail 02, a gantry 03, a liquid hydrostatic spindle 04 and a fly-cutting disc 05. The hydraulic screw servo guide rail 02 is mounted on the fly-cutting machine tool bed 01, the gantry 03 is arranged above the hydraulic screw servo guide rail 02, and the vertical frames on both sides of the gantry 03 are fixedly connected to the two sides of the hydraulic screw servo guide rail 02, the liquid hydrostatic spindle 04 is installed in the middle part of the horizontal frame of the gantry 03, and the bottom end of the liquid hydrostatic spindle 04 is connected to the fly-cutting disc 05. The fly-cutting disc 05 is driven to rotate at a high speed by the liquid hydrostatic spindle 04 on the gantry 03, and the front and rear micro-ultra-precision linear motion of the hydraulic screw servo guide rail 02 is coordinated to realize the precision fly-cutting of the workpiece to be processed, so as to achieve the function of flying instead of grinding; Vibration isolators 07 are installed at the four corners of the fly-cutting machine bed 01. The vibration isolators 07 can isolate most of the low-frequency vibrations from the external environment, ensuring that the machine tool works in a relatively stable environment and achieves higher precision and stability. The hydraulic screw servo guide rail 02 includes a hydraulic screw servo motor assembly 09, a slide 10, a grating ruler assembly 12 and a guide rail base 13. The slide 10 is movably connected above the guide rail base 13. The screw of the hydraulic screw servo motor assembly 09 is arranged between the slide 10 and the guide rail base 13, and the driving slider of the hydraulic screw servo motor assembly 09 is fixedly connected directly below the slide 10. The grating ruler assembly 12 is connected to one side of the guide rail base 13. The coordinated use of the grating ruler assembly 12 and the hydraulic screw servo motor assembly 09 can realize the dynamic stability of the movement and the debugging of the precision. The flying cutter disc 05 includes a flying cutter disc main body 22 and an adjustable tool holder 23. The adjustable tool holder 23 is respectively connected to both sides of the flying cutter disc main body 22. The adjustable tool holder 23 is a micro-feed mechanism with a locking function. It is adjusted according to the feed demand of the flying cutter to ensure stable cutting of the tool. The height can be adjusted according to the actual processing needs to complete the precise feeding of the flying cutter.

[0018] Embodiment 2. In addition to all the technical features of Embodiment 1, this embodiment also includes: the bed 01 of the fly-cutting machine tool also includes a marble platform 06 and a welding platform 08. The welding platform 08 is arranged above the marble platform 06. Vibration isolators 07 are arranged at the four corners of the welding platform 08 and the marble platform 06. The bases of the vibration isolators 07 are respectively fixedly connected to the four corners of the marble platform 06, and the upper ends of the vibration isolators 07 are respectively fixedly connected to the four corners of the welding platform 08. By arranging the vibration isolators 07 between the marble platform 06 and the welding platform 08, and the vibration isolators 07 are arranged in a "hanging basket" style around the marble platform 06 to support and isolate the equipment, the automatic leveling of the vibration isolators 07 can effectively isolate the environmental vibration interference, and ensure that the overall center of gravity of the equipment and the vibration isolators 07 are basically in the same plane, thereby reducing the error caused by vibration. It should be noted that the marble platform 06 uses high-quality natural granite as the base table top, and the structure of the granite is very stable, that is, it can provide stable bottom support for the machine tool.

[0019] The hydraulic screw servo motor assembly 09 of the hydraulic screw servo guide 02 is composed of a hydraulic screw, a servo motor and an oil pressure system. Through the injection of high-pressure oil, an oil film is generated between the screw of the hydraulic screw servo motor assembly 09 and the guide rail base 13 under the walking board 10. The walking board 10 is driven under the action of the servo motor. Due to the existence of the oil film, there is almost no friction between the screw and the guide rail base 13, which can make the walking board 10 move more smoothly. At the same time, compared with the planar linear motor hydraulic system, it has excellent positioning characteristics, uses a hydraulic screw to transmit power, and has higher stability, precision and rigidity.

[0020] The hydraulic screw servo guide rail 02 also includes an upper thrust plate 14 and a side thrust plate 15, which are connected in sequence to the upper and lower sides of the guide rail base 13. The guide rail base 13, the upper thrust plate 14 and the side thrust plate 15 jointly form a liquid static pressure environment for supporting the walking board 10, and also maintain good rigidity.

[0021] The two sides of the slide 10 are connected to the outside with a shield 11, and the two sides of the lower plate surface of the slide 10 are also installed with a brake assembly 16. The shield 11 is set to form a shield to prevent flying cutting debris from falling on the guide rail base 13, thereby preventing the debris from affecting the smooth movement of the slide 10. The brake assembly 16 can prevent the unforeseen slide movement during the shutdown or transportation of the guide rail, thereby ensuring the safety of the machine tool.

[0022] Embodiment three, in addition to all the technical features of embodiment one, this embodiment also includes: the gantry 03 includes a top bracket 17 and a side column 18, the side column 18 is vertically connected to the two ends of the top bracket 17, and the inner column body of the side column 18 is connected to the guide rail base 13 of the hydraulic screw servo guide rail 02 by a thread. The gantry 03 has the basic function of supporting the liquid hydrostatic spindle 05 and also has a horizontality adjustment function. Through the fine adjustment of the thread on one side of the side column 18, the top bracket 17 can obtain a higher horizontality, ensuring that the liquid hydrostatic spindle 05 has a good verticality relative to the hydraulic screw servo guide rail 02, and ultimately ensuring a higher fly cutting quality.

[0023] The liquid hydrostatic spindle 04 includes a connecting flange 19 and a rotating shaft 20. The connecting flange 19 is fixedly connected to the outer shaft body of the rotating shaft 20, and the connecting flange 19 is fixedly connected to the gantry 03 by screws. The liquid hydrostatic spindle 04 is vertically arranged on the gantry 03 through the connecting flange 19 to ensure that the spindle has high stability, precision and rigidity, and the liquid hydrostatic structure is adopted to ensure that the fly cutting has high surface quality and stability.

[0024] The upper end of the rotating shaft 20 is coaxially fixedly connected with a shaft sleeve 21, and a cooling water channel is opened in the shaft sleeve 21. Cooling water circulates in the cooling water channel. The circulating cooling water can cool the liquid hydrostatic spindle 04, and the temperature of the cooling water channel inside the shaft sleeve 21 can be monitored to adjust the supply of cold water. The flow of cooling water takes away excess heat, so that the spindle is always kept within a constant range, and the spindle obtains better thermal stability and high precision.

[0025] The working process of this precision fly cutting machine: 1) Place the product to be fly-cut on the walking plate 10 of the hydraulic screw servo guide rail 02 and fix it. The walking plate 10 is arranged with an array of threaded holes with a spacing of 50mm. The product and the tooling can be well fixed by the pressure plate and bolts; 2) Control the movement of the hydraulic screw servo guide rail 02 through the hand wheel or the host computer software, position the workpiece under the flying cutter disc 05, and set the initial processing position of the guide rail; 3) Adjust the differential screw of the adjustable tool holder 23 on the flying cutter disc body 22 until the tool just touches the workpiece surface, and add the initial cutting feed according to the processing requirements, and finally lock it firmly with the top screw on the tool holder; 4) Start the machining program. The tool runs at a high speed at a constant speed of the hydrostatic spindle 04. Cutting motion occurs between the tool on the flying cutter disc and the workpiece. At the same time, pay attention to controlling the spray of the machine tool to ensure that the tool surface has a good temperature performance; 5) After the rough machining is completed, the workpiece is finely machined by feeding the differential screw of the adjustable tool holder 23 again; 6) After finishing, the hydraulic screw servo guide rail 02 drives the slide 10 to exit the processing area, and the hydrostatic spindle 04 stops. After confirming that the processing quality meets the requirements, the workpiece is removed. Otherwise, repeat steps 3 to 6.

[0026] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0027] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool, comprising a fly-cutting machine tool bed (01), a hydraulic screw servo guide rail (02), a gantry (03), a liquid hydrostatic spindle (04) and a fly-cutting disc (05), characterized in that: The hydraulic screw servo guide rail (02) is installed on the bed (01) of the fly-cutting machine tool, the gantry (03) is arranged above the hydraulic screw servo guide rail (02), and the vertical frames on both sides of the gantry (03) are fixedly connected to the two sides of the hydraulic screw servo guide rail (02), a liquid hydrostatic spindle (04) is installed in the middle part of the horizontal frame of the gantry (03), and the bottom end of the liquid hydrostatic spindle (04) is connected to the fly-cutting disc (05); Vibration isolators (07) are provided at the four corners of the fly-cutting machine bed (01); The hydraulic screw servo guide rail (02) comprises a hydraulic screw servo motor assembly (09), a slide plate (10), a grating ruler assembly (12) and a guide rail base (13), wherein the slide plate (10) is movably connected to the top of the guide rail base (13), the screw of the hydraulic screw servo motor assembly (09) is arranged between the slide plate (10) and the guide rail base (13), and the driving slider of the hydraulic screw servo motor assembly (09) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide plate (10), and the grating ruler assembly (12) is connected to one side of the guide rail base (13); The flying cutter disc (05) comprises a flying cutter disc main body (22) and an adjustable cutter holder (23), wherein the adjustable cutter holder (23) is respectively connected to two sides of the flying cutter disc main body (22), and the adjustable cutter holder (23) is a micro-feeding mechanism with a locking function.

2. The ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fly-cutting machine bed (01) further comprises a marble platform (06) and a welding platform (08), wherein the welding platform (08) is arranged above the marble platform (06), and vibration isolators (07) are arranged at the four corners of the welding platform (08) and the marble platform (06), and the bases of the vibration isolators (07) are respectively fixedly connected to the four corners of the marble platform (06), and the upper ends of the vibration isolators (07) are respectively fixedly connected to the four corners of the welding platform (08), and the vibration isolators (07) are arranged between the marble platform (06) and the welding platform (08), and the vibration isolators (07) are arranged in a "hanging basket" manner around the marble platform (06) to support and isolate the equipment.

3. The ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic screw servo motor assembly (09) of the hydraulic screw servo guide rail (02) is composed of a hydraulic screw, a servo motor and an oil pressure system. Through the injection of high-pressure oil, an oil film is generated between the screw of the hydraulic screw servo motor assembly (09) and the guide rail base (13) below the walking board (10), and the walking board (10) is driven under the action of the servo motor.

4. The ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic screw servo guide rail (02) further comprises an upper thrust plate (14) and a side thrust plate (15), wherein the side thrust plate (15) and the upper thrust plate (14) are sequentially connected above both sides of the guide rail base (13).

5. The ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both sides of the slide plate (10) are externally connected to protective covers (11), and brake assemblies (16) are also installed on both sides of the lower plate surface of the slide plate (10).

6. The ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gantry (03) comprises a top bracket (17) and side columns (18), wherein the side columns (18) are vertically connected to both ends of the top bracket (17), and the inner column body of the side column (18) is connected to the guide rail base (13) of the hydraulic screw servo guide rail (02) through threads.

7. The ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid static pressure main shaft (04) comprises a connecting flange (19) and a rotating shaft (20), wherein the connecting flange (19) is fixedly connected to an outer shaft body of the rotating shaft (20), and the connecting flange (19) is fixedly connected to the gantry (03) via screws.

8. The ultra-precision fly-cutting machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end of the rotating shaft (20) is coaxially fixedly connected to a shaft sleeve (21), and a cooling water channel is provided in the shaft sleeve (21), and cooling water circulates in the cooling water channel.

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