Method and equipment for detecting Ostwald ripening damage of ferromagnetic alloy pipeline

Abstract

The invention provides a method and equipment for detecting Ostwald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipeline, and the method comprises the steps: dividing a to-be-detected ferromagnetic alloy pipeline into a plurality of blocks, and measuring Barkhausen noise data of each block in a plurality of detection periods; performing noise reduction processing on the Barkhausen noise data to obtain an intermediate data vector; wherein the intermediate data vector is used for evaluating Ostwald ripening damage; determining a slope value between two adjacent elements of the intermediate data vector and a forward difference value corresponding to the slope value based on the intermediate data vector, and obtaining an inflection point set based on a preset inflection point threshold value and the forward difference value; determining the damage degree of the block based on the number of inflection points in the inflection point set, the slope value and the forward difference value; based on the damage degree of the block, early warning is carried out on the temperature damage of the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline, and nondestructive testing of the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing of high-temperature and high-pressure pipelines, and in particular to a method and equipment for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipeline. Background Art

[0002] The traditional thermal power industry has gradually shifted from main power generation to basic load and flexible peak regulation. The frequency of deep peak regulation and flexible peak regulation of thermal power units has continued to increase, resulting in a significant increase in the frequency of microstructure-level material degradation failure events of its high-temperature key components, which has become one of the main factors affecting the thermal power industry's achievement of the "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" goals.

[0003] In thermal power units, Cr-Fe martensitic alloy pipelines are key high-temperature components, and their high-temperature degradation problem is particularly prominent. Traditional detection methods mainly rely on "destructive" lossy detection technology. Although it can meet the needs of creep monitoring to a certain extent, it has many disadvantages in practical applications. Specifically, for example, the detection safety risk is high: a sufficient volume of samples must be cut from the in-service equipment. For pipelines sensitive to local damage such as high pressure, the detection process may bring huge safety threats; the detection cost is high and the efficiency is low: the test cycle is long, the measurement range is small, the cost is high, and welding and reinforcement are required after the detection, resulting in a large additional cost for the detection and a low benefit-cost ratio; poor applicability: pipelines operating in high temperature and high pressure environments have serious consequences for leakage. Traditional detection methods require drilling holes for sampling, which will seriously affect the strength of the pipeline, so they cannot be applied under high-pressure operating conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a method and device for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipeline, which are used to solve the technical problem that non-destructive detection of the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline cannot be achieved in the prior art.

[0005] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe, comprising: The ferromagnetic alloy pipeline to be inspected is divided into a plurality of blocks, and the Barkhausen noise data of each block is measured in a plurality of inspection cycles; Performing denoising on the Barkhausen noise data to obtain an intermediate data vector; wherein the intermediate data vector is used to evaluate Oswald ripening damage; Based on the intermediate data vector, determine the slope value between two adjacent elements and the forward difference value corresponding to the slope value, and obtain an inflection point set based on the size between a preset inflection point threshold and the forward difference value; Determine the damage degree of the block based on the number of inflection points, the slope value and the forward difference value in the inflection point set; Based on the damage degree of the block, early warning is issued for temperature damage of ferromagnetic alloy pipelines.

[0006] According to a method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipeline provided by the present invention, the denoising process is performed on the Barkhausen noise data to obtain an intermediate data vector, including: Calculate complementary data between Barkhausen noise data of adjacent blocks; Based on the supplementary data and the measured Barkhausen noise data, data processing calculations are performed with a preset number of data windows to obtain an intermediate data vector.

[0007] According to a method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipeline provided by the present invention, the method of calculating the supplementary data between the Barkhausen noise data of adjacent blocks includes: ; where k represents the kth block, i represents the ith detection cycle, and j represents the jth Barkhausen noise data. b kij represents the j-th Barkhausen noise data measured in the i-th detection cycle of the k-th block, b （k-1）ij represents the j-th Barkhausen noise data measured in the i-th detection cycle of the k-1-th block, b kij-l express b kij and b （k-1）ij The first l Supplementary data, Q express b kij and b （k-1）ij The number of supplementary data required between The method of performing data processing and calculation based on the supplementary data and the measured Barkhausen noise data with a preset number of data windows to obtain an intermediate data vector includes: ; Where M represents the number of data windows, I represents the number of detection cycles, and J represents the number of Barkhausen noise data in each block; represents the intermediate data vector of the i-th detection cycle of the k-th block; M < Q+ ( Q- 1)( I- 1).

[0008] According to a method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe provided by the present invention, based on the intermediate data vector, the slope value between two adjacent elements and the forward difference value corresponding to the slope value are determined, and an inflection point set is obtained based on the size between a preset inflection point threshold and the forward difference value, including: For the intermediate data vector, calculate the slope value between two adjacent elements; Calculate the forward difference value for the slope value; The forward difference values ​​that are greater than a preset inflection point threshold are screened out from the forward difference values ​​to obtain an inflection point set.

[0009] According to a method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe provided by the present invention, the step of calculating the slope value between two adjacent elements of an intermediate data vector comprises: ;in, represents the slope value of the i-th detection cycle of the k-th block, represents the intermediate data vector of the i+1th detection cycle of the kth block; ; h represents the data processing step, T represents the detection cycle; The step of calculating the forward difference value of the slope value comprises: in, express The corresponding forward difference value, represents the slope value of the i+1th detection cycle of the kth block; The forward differential values ​​greater than a preset inflection point threshold are selected from the forward differential values ​​to obtain an inflection point set, including: Sort the forward difference values ​​by size to obtain a difference value sequence; The preset inflection point threshold value is compared with the forward differential value in the differential value series to obtain each forward differential value greater than the preset inflection point threshold value as the inflection point set.

[0010] According to a method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe provided by the present invention, the damage degree of a block is determined based on the number of inflection points, the slope value and the forward difference value in the inflection point set, including: If the number of inflection points is ≤1, the damage level of the block is determined to be aging level 1; If 1<Number of inflection points<3, the damage level of the block is determined to be aging level 2; If the number of inflection points is ≥3, and the absolute difference between the difference value of the current measured data slope relative to the inflection point slope and the difference value at the third inflection point is less than the preset phase change critical threshold, it is determined to be aging level 3; If the number of inflection points is ≥3, and the absolute difference between the difference value of the current measured data slope relative to the inflection point slope and the difference value at the third inflection point is greater than or equal to the phase change critical threshold, and the current Barkhausen noise data is less than the pre-calculated failure critical threshold, it is determined to be aging level 4; If the number of inflection points is ≥3, and the absolute difference between the difference value of the current measured data slope relative to the inflection point slope and the difference value at the third inflection point is greater than or equal to the phase change critical threshold, and the current Barkhausen noise data is greater than or equal to the failure critical threshold, then it is determined to be aging level 5; Among them, the aging degree from aging level 1 to aging level 5 gradually increases.

[0011] According to a method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipeline provided by the present invention, the critical failure threshold is calculated in the following manner: ; Among them, F cr represents the critical failure threshold, b k0 represents the initial Barkhausen noise data of the kth block, represents the Barkhausen penalty coefficient, n represents the failure criticality determination safety factor, Represents the Barkhausen noise data of the mth detection cycle of the kth block.

[0012] According to a method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipeline provided by the present invention, the initial Barkhausen noise data of the kth block is obtained by the following method: ;in, b k0j For the k The initial block j Barkhausen noise data.

[0013] According to a method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipeline provided by the present invention, the method provides an early warning of temperature damage of the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline based on the damage degree of the block, including: If the damage state of the blocks of the ferromagnetic alloy pipe that exceed the first preset ratio in the circumferential or axial direction is aging level 3, a first level warning is generated; If the damage state of the blocks of the ferromagnetic alloy pipe that exceed the first preset ratio in the circumferential or axial direction is aging level 4, a second level warning is generated; If the damage state of the blocks of the ferromagnetic alloy pipe that exceed the second preset ratio in the circumferential direction or axial direction is aging level 5, a third level warning is generated; The warning levels of the first level warning, the second level warning and the third level warning gradually increase; The first preset ratio ranges from 65% to 80%, and the second preset ratio ranges from 40% to 55%.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, a method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe as described above is implemented.

[0015] The present invention provides a method and device for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipeline, which performs denoising processing on Barkhausen noise data to obtain an intermediate data vector; based on the intermediate data vector, determines the slope value and its forward differential value, and obtains an inflection point set based on the size between a preset inflection point threshold and the forward differential value; based on the number of inflection points, the slope value and the differential value in the inflection point set, determines the degree of damage of the block; based on the degree of damage of the block, warns of temperature damage to the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline. This embodiment realizes online nondestructive detection and failure risk warning of ferromagnetic alloy pipelines under high temperature and high pressure based on the characteristic that micromagnetic signals have high sensitivity response to changes in metal organization level, and can also realize early identification of high temperature damage of ferromagnetic alloy pipelines and positioning of high-risk damage areas. It has the advantages of low cost, wide applicability and high safety, and can reduce economic losses and personal injury accidents caused by failure of high temperature and high pressure pipelines in the power industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of MBN variation law of the Cr-Fe ferromagnetic alloy during the whole life cycle of high temperature damage provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipeline provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The ferromagnetic alloy pipeline can specifically be a Cr-Fe (chromium-iron) ferromagnetic alloy pipeline, or other types of ferromagnetic alloy pipelines, for example, Fe-Ni (iron-nickel) alloy, Fe-Co (iron-cobalt) alloy, etc. Ferromagnetic alloy pipelines are key components of thermal power units and can play a variety of different roles according to the usage scenarios, for example, they can be used to transport high-temperature and high-pressure fluids, or for other functions.

[0020] See also Figure 1 , the method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe may include the following steps.

[0021] Step 101: Divide the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline to be inspected into multiple blocks, and measure the Barkhausen noise data of each block in multiple inspection cycles.

[0022] There are many ways to divide the blocks, for example, by the axial direction of the pipeline: the pipeline can be evenly divided into several blocks along the axial length. For example, a 10-meter-long pipeline can be divided into 10 1-meter-long blocks. This method is more suitable for detecting uniform degradation of the pipeline axially.

[0023] If the pipeline is welded by multiple sections, the preset range of each welding head can be divided into independent blocks. For example, the 1-meter range on both sides of each welding head can be divided into separate blocks, because the welding head is usually the weak link of the pipeline and is more prone to damage.

[0024] Alternatively, the pipeline can be evenly divided into several blocks along the circumferential direction of the pipeline. For example, the pipeline can be equally divided into 12 blocks, each of which corresponds to a 30° central angle. This method is more suitable for detecting damage that is evenly distributed around the pipeline, such as changes in microstructure after overall heat treatment.

[0025] The detection cycle may be an online detection cycle, that is, the pipeline may be detected online in real time, and the number of detection cycles may be represented by I. The number of Barkhausen noise data of a single block may be represented by J. The number of blocks may be represented by K.

[0026] Step 102: Perform denoising on the Barkhausen noise data to obtain an intermediate data vector; wherein the intermediate data vector is used to evaluate Oswald ripening damage.

[0027] The Barkhausen noise data is subjected to denoising to obtain an intermediate data vector, which may include: Calculate complementary data between Barkhausen noise data of adjacent blocks; Based on the supplementary data and the measured Barkhausen noise data, data processing calculations are performed with a preset number of data windows to obtain an intermediate data vector.

[0028] This step improves the detection accuracy, can identify damage to ferromagnetic alloy pipelines earlier, and enhances the reliability and stability of the data.

[0029] Step 103: Based on the intermediate data vector, determine the slope value between two adjacent elements and the forward differential value corresponding to the slope value, and obtain an inflection point set based on the size between the preset inflection point threshold and the forward differential value.

[0030] Based on the intermediate data vector, determining the slope value between two adjacent elements and the forward difference value corresponding to the slope value, and obtaining the inflection point set based on the size between the preset inflection point threshold and the forward difference value, may include: For the intermediate data vector, calculate the slope value between two adjacent elements; Calculate the forward difference value for the slope value; The forward difference values ​​that are greater than a preset inflection point threshold are screened out from the forward difference values ​​to obtain an inflection point set.

[0031] In this step, by calculating the slope value and forward differential value of the intermediate data vector, the characteristic information of pipeline damage is extracted, providing a quantitative basis for the assessment of the degree of damage. Based on the preset inflection point threshold, the inflection point set is screened out, which can effectively identify the critical point of pipeline damage and improve the sensitivity of damage identification. Through the analysis of the inflection point set, the degree of pipeline damage can be more accurately assessed, avoiding misjudgment and missed judgment.

[0032] Step 104: Determine the damage degree of the block based on the number of inflection points, the slope value, and the forward difference value in the inflection point set.

[0033] Step 105: Based on the damage degree of the block, an early warning is issued for the temperature damage of the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline.

[0034] In this embodiment, the Barkhausen noise data is subjected to denoising to obtain an intermediate data vector; based on the intermediate data vector, the slope value and its forward differential value are determined, and an inflection point set is obtained based on the size between a preset inflection point threshold and the forward differential value; based on the number of inflection points in the inflection point set, the slope value and the differential value, the degree of damage of the block is determined; based on the degree of damage of the block, an early warning is given for the temperature damage of the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline. This embodiment realizes online nondestructive testing and failure risk warning of ferromagnetic alloy pipelines under high temperature and high pressure based on the characteristics of micromagnetic signals with high sensitivity response to changes in metal tissue level, and can also realize early identification of high temperature damage of ferromagnetic alloy pipelines and positioning of high-risk damage areas. It has the advantages of low cost, wide applicability and high safety, and can reduce economic losses and personal injury accidents caused by failure of high temperature and high pressure pipelines in the power industry.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present specification, the calculation of the supplementary data between the Barkhausen noise data of adjacent blocks may include the following formula (1): Formula (1); Where k represents the kth block, i represents the ith detection cycle, and j represents the jth Barkhausen noise data. b kij represents the j-th Barkhausen noise data measured in the i-th detection cycle of the k-th block, b （k-1）ij represents the j-th Barkhausen noise data measured in the i-th detection cycle of the k-1-th block, b kij-l express b kij and b （k-1）ij The first l Supplementary data, Q express b kij and b （k-1）ij The number of supplementary data required.

[0036] Based on the supplementary data and the measured Barkhausen noise data, data processing calculation is performed with a preset number of data windows to obtain an intermediate data vector, including the following formula (2): Formula (2); Where M represents the number of data windows, I represents the number of detection cycles, and J represents the number of Barkhausen noise data in each block; represents the intermediate data vector of the i-th detection cycle of the k-th block; M < Q+ ( Q- 1)(I- 1).

[0037] In this embodiment, by calculating supplementary data, the gaps between adjacent block data are filled, making the data more complete, further enhancing the reliability of the data, clarifying the calculation method of supplementary data and the selection of the number of data windows, providing a more optimized solution for data processing, and improving the efficiency and accuracy of data processing. i =1,2,3... M , so we can get . Respectively represent the first element, the second element, the third element and the Mth element of the intermediate data vector, and k represents the kth block. In other words, the intermediate data vector Belongs to the kth block.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present specification, for an intermediate data vector, the slope value between two adjacent elements is calculated, including the following formula (3): ;Formula (3); in, represents the slope value of the i-th detection cycle of the k-th block, represents the intermediate data vector of the i+1th detection cycle of the kth block; represents the intermediate data vector of the i-th detection cycle of the k-th block; ; h represents the data processing step, T represents the detection cycle; The forward difference value is calculated for the slope value, including the following formula (4): ;Formula (4); in, express The corresponding forward difference value, represents the slope value of the i+1th detection cycle of the kth block; It represents the slope value of the i-th detection cycle of the k-th block.

[0039] The forward difference values ​​greater than the preset inflection point threshold are selected from the forward difference values ​​to obtain an inflection point set, including: Sort the forward difference values ​​by size to obtain a difference value sequence; The preset inflection point threshold and the forward differential values ​​in the differential value series are compared to obtain each forward differential value greater than the preset inflection point threshold as the inflection point set.

[0040] In this embodiment, through the comprehensive analysis of the number of inflection points, slope values ​​and differential values, a graded assessment of the degree of pipeline damage is achieved, which can reflect the health status of the pipeline in more detail. The introduction of the phase change critical threshold and the failure critical threshold can effectively distinguish different stages of pipeline damage, providing a scientific basis for pipeline maintenance and replacement. The forward differential values ​​are sorted according to size, and the preset inflection point threshold and the forward differential value in the differential value series are compared, which is also conducive to improving the efficiency of obtaining the inflection point set.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present specification, the critical failure threshold is calculated by the following formula (5): ;Formula (5); Among them, F cr represents the critical failure threshold, b k0 represents the initial Barkhausen noise data of the kth block, represents the Barkhausen penalty coefficient, 0< α <1, n represents the critical failure safety factor, n≥2, Represents the Barkhausen noise data of the mth detection cycle of the kth block.

[0042] In this embodiment, the critical failure threshold is a critical value used to determine whether the material is close to failure. When the damage state of the material reaches or exceeds this threshold, it can be considered that the performance of the material has been seriously deteriorated and may not be able to continue to be used safely. Through experimental research, the damage process of the material under actual working conditions such as high temperature and high pressure can be monitored, and the signal changes from the initial state to the failure state can be recorded. For example, Barkhausen noise or other non-destructive testing techniques are used to record the signal changes of the material during the failure process, analyze the law of signal changes in the experimental data, and find the characteristic signal changes related to failure. For example, when the material is close to failure, the intensity of the signal or the amplitude of the difference value change will increase significantly, so the critical value of this change amplitude can be set as the critical failure threshold.

[0043] b k0 represents the initial Barkhausen noise data of the kth block, and the initial meaning is the Barkhausen noise data obtained when the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline is detected without damage, that is, the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline is a new pipeline, that is, the data measured on the new ferromagnetic alloy pipeline. This embodiment provides a specific calculation method for the critical failure threshold, which makes the failure judgment more scientific and accurate. By introducing the Barkhausen penalty coefficient and the critical failure judgment safety factor, the critical failure threshold can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual situation of different pipelines, thereby enhancing the adaptability of the critical failure threshold.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present specification, the initial Barkhausen noise data of the kth block is obtained by the following formula (6): ;Formula (6); in, b k0j For the k The initial block j Barkhausen noise data.

[0045] In this embodiment, the meaning of initial can refer to the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here. This embodiment clarifies the method for obtaining the initial Barkhausen noise data of the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline, and provides benchmark data for subsequent damage assessment.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present specification, based on the number of inflection points, the slope value and the forward difference value in the inflection point set, determining the damage degree of the block includes: If the number of inflection points is ≤1, the damage level of the block is determined to be aging level 1; If 1<Number of inflection points<3, the damage level of the block is determined to be aging level 2; If the number of inflection points is ≥3, and the absolute difference between the difference value of the current measured data slope relative to the inflection point slope and the difference value at the third inflection point is less than the preset phase change critical threshold, it is determined to be aging level 3; If the number of inflection points is ≥3, and the absolute difference between the difference value of the current measured data slope relative to the inflection point slope and the difference value at the third inflection point is greater than or equal to the phase change critical threshold, and the current Barkhausen noise data is less than the pre-calculated failure critical threshold, it is determined to be aging level 4; If the number of inflection points is ≥3, and the absolute difference between the difference value of the current measured data slope relative to the inflection point slope and the difference value at the third inflection point is greater than or equal to the phase change critical threshold, and the current Barkhausen noise data is greater than or equal to the failure critical threshold, then it is determined to be aging level 5; Among them, the aging degree from aging level 1 to aging level 5 gradually increases.

[0047] In this embodiment, "current" refers to the most recent detection cycle in time. The damage status of the pipeline is continuously monitored through multiple online detection cycles (denoted as i=1, 2, 3, ..., I). "Current" refers to the status of the most recent detection cycle I, that is, the result obtained in the Ith detection.

[0048] The phase transformation critical threshold is a critical value used to determine whether a material undergoes phase transformation (such as the transformation from martensite to ferrite). When the difference value of the damage state reaches or exceeds this threshold, it can be considered that the microstructure of the material has changed significantly, which may lead to changes in its mechanical properties.

[0049] The critical threshold of phase change can be obtained in the following ways, for example, by monitoring the microstructural changes of Cr-Fe ferromagnetic alloy pipes under different temperature, stress and time conditions through experimental research. For example, Barkhausen Noise or other non-destructive testing techniques are used to record the signal changes of the material during the phase change process. The change law of the differential value in the experimental data is analyzed to find the characteristic signal changes related to the phase change. For example, when the material undergoes a phase change, the change amplitude of the differential value will increase significantly, so the critical value of this change amplitude can be set as the critical threshold of the phase change and expressed as Pcr. In practical applications, Pcr can also be set by empirical formulas or industry standards. For example, a reasonable Pcr value is set according to the initial state and expected service life of the material to ensure timely warning when the phase change occurs.

[0050] definition It represents the difference between the slope of the current measurement data and the slope of the inflection point. It is used to evaluate the difference between the damage state of the material in the current measurement cycle and the damage state at the inflection point. It can be calculated by the following formula (7).

[0051] Formula (7); in, is the slope of the current measurement data, is the slope at the third inflection point.

[0052] definition It represents the difference value at the third inflection point, which is used to evaluate the damage state of the material at the third inflection point. It can be calculated by the following formula (8).

[0053] Formula (8); in, is the slope at the third inflection point, It is the slope of one detection cycle after the third inflection point.

[0054] For example, taking the calculation method of the slope at the third inflection point as an example, the slope at the third inflection point can be expressed by the following formula (9).

[0055] Formula (9); in, , ; b kmj represents the jth Barkhausen initial measurement value corresponding to the third inflection point identified in the time sequence; b k(m-1)jrepresents the jth Barkhausen initial measurement value of the previous online detection cycle. represents the initial Barkhausen measurement value corresponding to the third inflection point identified in the time sequence. represents the initial Barkhausen measurement value of the previous online detection cycle. k represents the kth block.

[0056] The Barkhausen initial measurements for the last two measurements in chronological order are b k（I-1）j and b kIj , the slope between the two points is recorded as r kI .

[0057] The absolute difference between the differential value of the current measured data slope relative to the inflection point slope and the differential value at the third inflection point can be expressed as | - |. It is used to evaluate the degree of difference between the damage state of the material in the current measurement cycle and the damage state at the third inflection point.

[0058] This embodiment clarifies the damage classification standard based on the number of inflection points and the slope difference value, making the damage assessment more standardized and operational. By setting an early warning mechanism for different aging levels, damage warnings can be issued in a timely manner, providing strong guarantees for pipeline maintenance and safety management. Through early identification and graded early warnings, the risk of safety accidents caused by pipeline damage is reduced, and the safety of pipeline operation is improved.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present specification, based on the damage degree of the block, an early warning is given for the temperature damage of the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline, including: If the damage state of the blocks of the ferromagnetic alloy pipe that exceed the first preset ratio in the circumferential or axial direction is aging level 3, a first level warning is generated; If the damage state of the blocks of the ferromagnetic alloy pipe that exceed the first preset ratio in the circumferential or axial direction is aging level 4, a second level warning is generated; If the damage state of the blocks of the ferromagnetic alloy pipe that exceed the second preset ratio in the circumferential direction or axial direction is aging level 5, a third level warning is generated; Among them, the warning levels of the first level warning, the second level warning and the third level warning are gradually increased; The first preset ratio ranges from 65% to 80%, and the second preset ratio ranges from 40% to 55%.

[0060] In this embodiment, by setting the warning ratio in different directions (circumferential or axial), a graded warning for pipeline damage is achieved, which can more comprehensively reflect the overall health status of the pipeline, issue different levels of warnings according to the damage level, provide timely warnings for pipeline maintenance and safety management, and reduce the risk of safety accidents caused by pipeline failure.

[0061] If the damage state of the block in any circumferential or axial direction of the pipeline in the detected area is greater than the first preset ratio and is "Aging Level 3", it is determined that the pipeline has undergone a phase transformation from martensite to ferrite in the circumferential or axial direction, and the high-temperature strength of the pipeline has been significantly reduced, and a "Critical Warning for Rapid Decline of Material Strength" is issued, which is the first level warning; If the damage state of the block in any circumferential or axial direction of the pipeline in the detected area is greater than the first preset ratio and is "aging level 4", it is determined that the pipeline has lost its circumferential or axial creep resistance and has begun to enter the end of its creep life, and the high-temperature damage of the pipeline has entered the final rapid development period, and a "high-temperature damage end of life critical warning" is issued, which is the second-level warning; If the damage state of the block in any circumferential or axial direction of the pipeline in the detected area is greater than the second preset ratio and is "aging level 5", it is determined that high-density macro cracks have been formed locally in the circumferential or axial direction of the pipeline, and the local pipeline may fail due to high-temperature damage, and a "failure risk warning" is issued, which is the third level warning.

[0062] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the MBN variation law of the whole life cycle of high-temperature damage of Cr-Fe ferromagnetic alloy provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Magnetic Barkhausen Noise (MBN) is a micro-magnetic signal related to the reversal of magnetic domains (magnetic domains are regions where magnetic moments in magnetic materials are spontaneously arranged). It is generated during the magnetization process of magnetic materials. When the domain wall moves or the domain reverses, tiny magnetic field changes will occur, and these changes are detected as noise signals. The characteristics of MBN signals (such as amplitude, frequency and distribution) are closely related to the microstructure of the material, so they can be used for non-destructive testing and material state assessment. Figure 2 In the figure, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents magnetic Barkhausen noise. According to time, the change of magnetic Barkhausen noise can be divided into three periods: I, II, and III. Period I represents the rapid development period at the initial stage of high temperature damage, period II represents the stable development period in the middle stage of high temperature damage, and period III represents the rapid failure period at the final stage of high temperature damage.

[0063] In some other embodiments of the present invention, before the denoising process is performed on the Barkhausen noise data, the following steps are also included: Ambient noise correction, including: While collecting Barkhausen noise data, external factors such as electromagnetic interference, temperature changes and mechanical vibration in the detection environment are monitored in real time; The collected Barkhausen noise data is dynamically corrected by a preset correction model, wherein the correction model compensates or suppresses the noise components in the data based on the intensity and frequency characteristics of the ambient noise, so as to reduce the influence of external factors on the detection results; The correction model is obtained by training historical data through a machine learning algorithm and can adapt to noise characteristics under different environmental conditions.

[0064] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the step of providing an early warning based on the damage degree of the block may further include the following improvements: Early warning optimization based on damage evolution trend, including: Analyze the historical damage data of each block and extract the characteristics of damage evolution trend, including the change rate of damage degree, the duration of damage acceleration phase and the periodic change law of damage; According to the characteristics of the damage evolution trend, the warning level is dynamically adjusted. If the damage level shows an accelerating growth trend, the warning level is advanced; if the damage level tends to be stable, the warning level is appropriately lowered; The damage evolution trend characteristics are extracted through a time series analysis method, and combined with the operating conditions and material properties of the pipeline, a deep learning algorithm is used to predict the damage evolution trend, thereby improving the foresight and accuracy of the early warning.

[0065] Multi-dimensional risk assessment and early warning classification, including: Construct a multi-dimensional risk assessment model based on the pipeline's damage degree, operating conditions, remaining life, and failure consequences; The multi-dimensional risk assessment model adopts the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) or fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to comprehensively consider the influence weights of different factors on pipeline safety and generate comprehensive risk assessment results; According to the comprehensive risk assessment results, the warnings are divided into multiple levels, each level corresponding to different risk levels and treatment measures, providing a comprehensive reference for pipeline maintenance decisions.

[0066] Based on the same general inventive concept, the present invention also protects a device for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe, such as Figure 3 Show, Figure 31 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection device for Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The detection device for Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe provided by the present invention is described below, and the detection device for Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe described below and the detection method for Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe described above can be referred to each other.

[0067] The detection device for Oswald ripening damage of ferromagnetic alloy pipeline includes a block division module 301, a data supplement module 302, an inflection point determination module 303, a damage determination module 304 and an early warning module 305.

[0068] The block division module 301 is used to divide the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline to be inspected into multiple blocks, and measure the Barkhausen noise data of each block in multiple inspection cycles; The data supplementation module 302 is used to perform noise reduction processing on the Barkhausen noise data to obtain an intermediate data vector; wherein the intermediate data vector is used to evaluate Oswald ripening damage; The inflection point determination module 303 is used to determine the slope value and its forward differential value based on the intermediate data vector, and obtain an inflection point set based on the size between a preset inflection point threshold and the forward differential value; The damage determination module 304 is used to determine the damage degree of the block based on the number of inflection points, the slope value and the difference value in the inflection point set; The early warning module 305 issues an early warning for the temperature damage of the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline based on the damage degree of the block.

[0069] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 410, a communication interface 420, a memory 430 and a communication bus 440, wherein the processor 410, the communication interface 420 and the memory 430 communicate with each other through the communication bus 440. The processor 410 may call the logic instructions in the memory 430 to execute the Oswald ripening damage detection method of the ferromagnetic alloy pipe.

[0070] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 430 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when it is sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0071] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. The computer program can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the Oswald ripening damage detection method for ferromagnetic alloy pipes provided by the above methods.

[0072] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to execute the Oswald ripening damage detection method for ferromagnetic alloy pipes provided by the above methods.

[0073] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0074] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe, characterized in that: include: The ferromagnetic alloy pipe to be inspected is divided into a plurality of blocks, and the Barkhausen noise data of each block is measured in a plurality of inspection cycles; Performing denoising on the Barkhausen noise data to obtain an intermediate data vector; wherein the intermediate data vector is used to evaluate Oswald ripening damage; Based on the intermediate data vector, determine the slope value between two adjacent elements and the forward difference value corresponding to the slope value, and obtain an inflection point set based on the size between a preset inflection point threshold and the forward difference value; Determine the damage degree of the block based on the number of inflection points, the slope value and the forward difference value in the inflection point set; Based on the damage degree of the block, early warning is issued for temperature damage of ferromagnetic alloy pipelines.

2. The method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of performing denoising on the Barkhausen noise data to obtain an intermediate data vector includes: Calculate complementary data between Barkhausen noise data of adjacent blocks; Based on the supplementary data and the measured Barkhausen noise data, data processing calculations are performed with a preset number of data windows to obtain an intermediate data vector.

3. The method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method of calculating the supplementary data between the Barkhausen noise data of adjacent blocks includes: ; where k represents the kth block, i represents the ith detection cycle, and j represents the jth Barkhausen noise data. b kij represents the j-th Barkhausen noise data measured in the i-th detection cycle of the k-th block, b （k-1）ij represents the j-th Barkhausen noise data measured in the i-th detection cycle of the k-1-th block, b kij-l express b kij and b （k-1）ij The first l Supplementary data, Q express b kij and b （k-1）ij The number of supplementary data required between The method of performing data processing and calculation based on the supplementary data and the measured Barkhausen noise data with a preset number of data windows to obtain an intermediate data vector includes: ; Where M represents the number of data windows, I represents the number of detection cycles, and J represents the number of Barkhausen noise data in each block; represents the intermediate data vector of the i-th detection cycle of the k-th block; M < Q+ ( Q- 1)( I- 1).

4. The method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of determining, based on the intermediate data vector, a slope value between two adjacent elements and a forward differential value corresponding to the slope value, and obtaining an inflection point set based on a preset inflection point threshold and a value between the forward differential value, includes: For the intermediate data vector, calculate the slope value between two adjacent elements; Calculate the forward difference value for the slope value; The forward difference values ​​that are greater than a preset inflection point threshold are screened out from the forward difference values ​​to obtain an inflection point set.

5. The method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of calculating the slope value between two adjacent elements of the intermediate data vector includes: ;in, represents the slope value of the i-th detection cycle of the k-th block, represents the intermediate data vector of the i+1th detection cycle of the kth block; ; h represents the data processing step, T represents the detection cycle; The step of calculating the forward difference value of the slope value comprises: in, express The corresponding forward difference value, represents the slope value of the i+1th detection cycle of the kth block; The forward differential values ​​greater than a preset inflection point threshold are selected from the forward differential values ​​to obtain an inflection point set, including: Sort the forward difference values ​​by size to obtain a difference value sequence; The preset inflection point threshold value is compared with the forward differential value in the differential value series to obtain each forward differential value greater than the preset inflection point threshold value as the inflection point set.

6. The method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe according to claim 5, characterized in that: The determining the damage degree of the block based on the number of inflection points, the slope value and the forward difference value in the inflection point set includes: If the number of inflection points is ≤1, the damage level of the block is determined to be aging level 1; If 1<Number of inflection points<3, the damage level of the block is determined to be aging level 2; If the number of inflection points is ≥3, and the absolute difference between the difference value of the current measured data slope relative to the inflection point slope and the difference value at the third inflection point is less than the preset phase change critical threshold, it is determined to be aging level 3; If the number of inflection points is ≥3, and the absolute difference between the difference value of the current measured data slope relative to the inflection point slope and the difference value at the third inflection point is greater than or equal to the phase change critical threshold, and the current Barkhausen noise data is less than the pre-calculated failure critical threshold, it is determined to be aging level 4; If the number of inflection points is ≥3, and the absolute difference between the difference value of the current measured data slope relative to the inflection point slope and the difference value at the third inflection point is greater than or equal to the phase change critical threshold, and the current Barkhausen noise data is greater than or equal to the failure critical threshold, then it is determined to be aging level 5; Among them, the aging degree from aging level 1 to aging level 5 gradually increases.

7. The method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe according to claim 6, characterized in that: The critical failure threshold is calculated as follows: ; Among them, F cr represents the critical failure threshold, b k0 represents the initial Barkhausen noise data of the kth block, represents the Barkhausen penalty coefficient, n represents the failure criticality determination safety factor, Represents the Barkhausen noise data of the mth detection cycle of the kth block.

8. The method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe according to claim 7, characterized in that: The initial Barkhausen noise data of the kth block is obtained by: ;in, b k0j For the k The initial block j Barkhausen noise data.

9. The method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of early warning the temperature damage of the ferromagnetic alloy pipeline based on the damage degree of the block includes: If the damage state of the blocks of the ferromagnetic alloy pipe that exceed the first preset ratio in the circumferential or axial direction is aging level 3, a first level warning is generated; If the damage state of the blocks of the ferromagnetic alloy pipe that exceed the first preset ratio in the circumferential or axial direction is aging level 4, a second level warning is generated; If the damage state of the blocks of the ferromagnetic alloy pipe that exceed the second preset ratio in the circumferential direction or axial direction is aging level 5, a third level warning is generated; The warning levels of the first level warning, the second level warning and the third level warning gradually increase; The first preset ratio ranges from 65% to 80%, and the second preset ratio ranges from 40% to 55%.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the method for detecting Oswald ripening damage of a ferromagnetic alloy pipe as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented.

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