Method and device for judging rationality of underground water mining quantity in arid region

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of groundwater resource development and utilization, and discloses a method and device for judging the rationality of the groundwater exploitation quantity in an arid region. The judgment method comprises the following steps: constructing a hydrogeological conceptual model based on hydrogeological conditions of a target arid region; constructing an underground water mathematical model of the target arid region based on the hydrogeological conceptual model and an underground water simulation system; based on the actual hydrological data of the target arid region, checking and correcting the groundwater mathematical model to obtain a corrected groundwater mathematical model; and inputting the groundwater resource exploitation quantity into the corrected groundwater mathematical model to obtain a reasonability judgment result of the groundwater exploitation quantity. According to the judgment method, rationality judgment can be performed on the water resource exploitation amount based on the corrected underground water mathematical model, so that scientific basis and guidance are provided for management and control of water resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of groundwater resource development and utilization, and more specifically, to a method and device for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in arid areas. Background Art

[0002] Groundwater is an important component of water resources and has important resource and ecological and environmental functions. It plays an extremely important role in ensuring water supply for urban and rural life and production, supporting economic and social development, and maintaining a good ecological environment. In recent years, due to unclear groundwater management functions and lack of unified development and utilization plans, unreasonable development and utilization of groundwater in many places have caused a series of ecological and environmental geological problems such as ground subsidence, ground collapse, ground fissures, and seawater intrusion in some areas. For arid areas, the problem is even more serious. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of unreasonable groundwater exploitation that cannot be controlled, it is necessary to analyze and evaluate specific groundwater exploitation plans in order to scientifically and rationally manage and protect groundwater resources. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application are dedicated to providing a method and device for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in arid areas, so as to solve the problem that unreasonable groundwater extraction cannot be controlled.

[0004] In the first aspect, this specification provides a method for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in an arid area, comprising:

[0005] Construct a hydrogeological conceptual model based on the hydrogeological conditions of the target arid area;

[0006] Construct a groundwater mathematical model for the target arid area based on the hydrogeological conceptual model and groundwater simulation system;

[0007] Based on the actual hydrological data of the target arid area, the groundwater mathematical model is tested and corrected to obtain the corrected groundwater mathematical model;

[0008] The groundwater extraction volume is input into the calibrated groundwater mathematical model to obtain the rationality judgment result of the groundwater extraction volume.

[0009] According to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, a groundwater mathematical model of a target arid area is constructed based on a hydrogeological conceptual model and a groundwater simulation system, including:

[0010] Modeling the groundwater recharge in the target arid area to form a recharge model, and modeling the groundwater discharge in the target arid area to form a discharge model;

[0011] Based on the groundwater simulation system, the model parameters of the groundwater mathematical model are solved and the groundwater mathematical model is constructed.

[0012] According to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, based on actual hydrological data of the target arid area, the groundwater mathematical model is tested and corrected to obtain a corrected groundwater mathematical model, including:

[0013] Conduct water balance inspection, flow field inspection and water level inspection in target drought areas;

[0014] Based on water balance test, flow field test and water level test, the model parameters of the groundwater mathematical model are calibrated.

[0015] According to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the groundwater resource extraction volume is input into the calibrated groundwater mathematical model to obtain a rationality determination result of the groundwater extraction volume, including:

[0016] Based on the environmental factors of the target arid area, the corrected groundwater mathematical model is set up;

[0017] obtaining at least one water resource exploitation plan, wherein at least one water resource exploitation plan includes groundwater exploitation volume;

[0018] Based on the calibrated groundwater mathematical model, calculate the ecological impact of at least one water resource extraction scheme, including the spring overflow reduction rate;

[0019] A fitting equation was constructed based on the spring overflow reduction rate and groundwater extraction;

[0020] Based on the safety range threshold of the spring overflow reduction rate and the fitting equation, the groundwater extraction threshold is calculated. The safety range threshold represents the maximum value of the spring overflow reduction rate when groundwater extraction will not cause a major impact on the ecological environment, and the groundwater extraction threshold represents the threshold for the rational use of groundwater resources in the target arid area.

[0021] The groundwater extraction volume and the groundwater extraction volume threshold are compared to obtain a rationality determination result.

[0022] According to the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the safety range threshold is determined based on the hydrogeological conditions, water resource protection regulations, and human and social conditions of the target arid area.

[0023] According to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the environmental factors include natural environmental factors and factors affecting human activities, and the natural environmental factors include deterministic natural environmental factors and random natural environmental factors.

[0024] According to the first aspect, in a possible implementation, a hydrogeological conceptual model is constructed based on the hydrogeological conditions of the target arid area, including:

[0025] Determine the geographical extent of the target drought areas;

[0026] The aquifer structure and boundary conditions of the target arid area are generalized.

[0027] In a second aspect, this specification provides a device for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in an arid area, comprising:

[0028] Hydrogeological units, used to construct a hydrogeological conceptual model based on the hydrogeological conditions of the target arid area;

[0029] Model construction unit, used to construct groundwater mathematical model of target arid area based on hydrogeological conceptual model and groundwater simulation system;

[0030] A model verification and correction unit is used to verify and correct the groundwater mathematical model based on the actual hydrological data of the target arid area to obtain a corrected groundwater mathematical model;

[0031] The rationality determination unit is used to input the groundwater extraction volume into the calibrated groundwater mathematical model to obtain the rationality determination result of the groundwater extraction volume.

[0032] In a third aspect, this specification provides an electronic device comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can perform each step in any one of the described methods.

[0033] In a fourth aspect, the present specification provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein the program executes each step in any one of the described methods.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] Different from the prior art, the method for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in arid areas provided by the present invention constructs a hydrogeological conceptual model based on the hydrogeological conditions of the target arid area; constructs a groundwater mathematical model of the target arid area based on the hydrogeological conceptual model and the groundwater simulation system; verifies and corrects the groundwater mathematical model based on the actual hydrological data of the target arid area to obtain a corrected groundwater mathematical model; inputs the groundwater resource extraction into the corrected groundwater mathematical model to obtain a result of determining the rationality of the groundwater extraction. The present invention determines the rationality of the water resource extraction plan through the corrected groundwater mathematical model, thereby providing a scientific basis and guidance for the management and control of regional water resources, which is beneficial to the utilization and protection of groundwater resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in arid areas provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the geographical location of the Dulan District of the Qaidam River provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the evaluation area provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the model cell dissection provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 A flow field diagram simulated by a mathematical model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 6 The observation well water level fitting diagram provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the relationship between the reduction rate of spring water overflow and groundwater extraction under different scenarios provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0044] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a device for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in an arid area provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this specification shall have the common meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which this specification belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the embodiments of this specification do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to avoid confusion of constituent elements.

[0047] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification, "plurality" means "at least two", and "including" is interpreted as an open, inclusive meaning, that is, "including, but not limited to". In the description of the specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material or characteristic associated with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the specification. The schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this specification, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in an arid area provided by an embodiment of the present invention may specifically include the following steps.

[0050] S110: Construct a hydrogeological conceptual model based on the hydrogeological conditions of the target arid area;

[0051] S120: Construct a groundwater mathematical model for the target arid area based on the hydrogeological conceptual model and groundwater simulation system;

[0052] S130: based on the actual hydrological data of the target arid area, the groundwater mathematical model is tested and corrected to obtain a corrected groundwater mathematical model;

[0053] S140: Input the groundwater extraction volume into the calibrated groundwater mathematical model to obtain a rationality determination result of the groundwater extraction volume.

[0054] In the above method, firstly, a hydrogeological conceptual model is constructed through the collected hydrogeological conditions as the basis for subsequent work, then a groundwater mathematical model is constructed using software and mathematical methods, and then the groundwater mathematical model is tested and corrected, and finally the groundwater extraction volume is input into the corrected groundwater mathematical model to determine the rationality of the groundwater extraction volume. This scheme uses the corrected groundwater mathematical model to determine the rationality of the water resource extraction plan, thereby providing a scientific basis and guidance for the management and control of water resources, which is conducive to the utilization and protection of groundwater resources.

[0055] Hydrogeological conditions refer to the general conditions related to the formation, distribution and change of groundwater, including the following aspects: (1) Groundwater recharge: refers to the source of groundwater, such as atmospheric precipitation, surface water, condensation water, seawater, etc.; (2) Groundwater burial: refers to the burial depth and distribution of groundwater in underground rock and soil, including aquifers, impermeable layers, groundwater, confined water, etc.; (3) Groundwater runoff: refers to the flow of groundwater in underground rock and soil, including flow direction, flow rate, flow rate, etc.; (4) Groundwater discharge: refers to the way groundwater flows out of the underground system, such as springs, seepage, evaporation, etc.; (5) Groundwater quality and quantity: refers to the physical properties, chemical composition and water volume of groundwater. In obtaining hydrogeological conditions, it is necessary to conduct on-site investigation and survey of the current status of the groundwater environment to clarify the spatial structure of the aquifer in the study area, hydrogeological conditions such as groundwater recharge, runoff and discharge, and boundary conditions of the study area.

[0056] The construction of the groundwater cycle model adopts the internationally used advanced groundwater simulation and prediction professional software - Groundwater Modeling System (GMS). The mathematical model of this groundwater environment simulation evaluation is formed by the model equation together with the hydrogeological conditions and initial conditions of the target arid area.

[0057] The groundwater simulation system GMS is a comprehensive software developed by the Environmental Model Research Laboratory of Brigham Young University and the U.S. Army Drainage Engineering Experiment Station based on existing groundwater models (MODFLOW, FEMWATER, MT3DMS, RT3D, SEAM3D, MODPATH, SEEP2D, NUFT, UTCHEM, etc.). It has a graphical interface, pre- and post-processing functions, and three-dimensional visual effects.

[0058] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that, although a logical order is shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0059] In at least one embodiment of the present application, a groundwater mathematical model of the target arid area is constructed based on a hydrogeological conceptual model and a groundwater simulation system, including: modeling the groundwater recharge of the target arid area to form a recharge model, and modeling the groundwater discharge of the target arid area to form a discharge model; based on the groundwater simulation system, solving the model parameters of the groundwater mathematical model to construct the groundwater mathematical model. In this embodiment, by modeling the groundwater recharge and groundwater discharge, the actual problem is converted into a mathematical problem, the problem is simplified, and conditions are provided for the construction of the mathematical model. In addition, the model parameters of the groundwater mathematical model are solved by mathematical methods, and then the groundwater mathematical model is constructed, thereby providing a powerful means for determining the rationality of subsequent water resource exploitation.

[0060] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the groundwater mathematical model is tested and corrected based on the actual hydrological data of the target arid area to obtain a corrected groundwater mathematical model, including: water balance test, flow field test and water level test for the target arid area; based on the water balance test, flow field test and water level test, the model parameters of the groundwater mathematical model are corrected. In this embodiment, the model parameters of the groundwater mathematical model are corrected through water balance test, flow field test and water level test, so that the groundwater mathematical model can more accurately reflect the actual water resources situation in the target arid area, thereby providing the possibility for accurately determining the rationality of water resource exploitation. The hydrogeological parameters obtained by the field test can be used as the initial parameters of the mathematical model. Through the calculation of the established mathematical model, the water resource data of a verification area in the target area is obtained. The calculated results are compared with the monitored results. When the error is large, the parameters need to be adjusted. The above process is repeated so that the results of the simulation calculation and the monitoring results meet the accuracy requirements of the groundwater environment simulation.

[0061] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the groundwater resource extraction volume is input into a calibrated groundwater mathematical model to obtain a rationality judgment result of the groundwater extraction volume, including: based on the environmental factors of the target arid area, the environment of the calibrated groundwater mathematical model is set; at least one water resource extraction plan is obtained, and at least one water resource extraction plan includes the groundwater extraction volume; based on the calibrated groundwater mathematical model, the impact of at least one water resource extraction plan on the ecological environment is calculated, and the impact includes the spring overflow reduction rate; based on the spring overflow reduction rate and the groundwater extraction volume, a fitting equation is constructed; based on the safety range threshold of the spring overflow reduction rate and the fitting equation, a groundwater extraction volume threshold is calculated, wherein the safety range threshold represents the maximum value of the spring overflow reduction rate when the groundwater extraction will not cause a major impact on the ecological environment, and the groundwater extraction volume threshold represents the threshold for rational use of groundwater resources in the target arid area; the groundwater extraction volume and the groundwater extraction volume threshold are compared to obtain a rationality judgment result. In this embodiment, after setting the environmental factors, the distribution of groundwater quantity or water quality in different time and space can be predicted by the calibrated groundwater mathematical model. At the same time, the rationality of water resource exploitation can be determined according to the groundwater exploitation volume threshold for a specific water resource exploitation plan, so as to present the degree and scope of the impact of the exploitation plan on the groundwater environment, and provide a basis for the optimal allocation of water resources.

[0062] The impact of groundwater exploitation on the ecological environment includes vegetation growth, animal reproduction, and changes in river springs. In order to simplify and facilitate statistical analysis, this paper mainly considers the spring overflow reduction rate in the ecological environment. There is a specific mathematical relationship between the spring overflow reduction rate and the groundwater exploitation volume. According to this mathematical relationship, a fitting equation can be constructed, and then the groundwater exploitation volume threshold can be calculated based on the fitting equation. The groundwater exploitation volume threshold is the maximum limit of groundwater exploitation in the area. If the groundwater exploitation volume included in the water resource exploitation plan exceeds the groundwater exploitation volume threshold, it is an unreasonable exploitation plan, otherwise it is a reasonable exploitation plan.

[0063] The future state of water resources will change with factors such as the degree and mode of water resource utilization and the random changes in hydrological runoff. When using models to plan or predict future water resource status and environmental changes, in addition to matching and setting the amount of water resource utilization and the mode of utilization, the environment in which the mathematical model is to be applied must also be set, thereby giving the mathematical model a predictive function. On the premise that the water resource mathematical model has been tested and calibrated, the correctness of the water resource mathematical model mainly depends on the rationality of the model environment matching and setting. The environmental factors that restrict the future state of the model include natural environmental factors and factors affecting human activities. Natural environmental factors can be further divided into deterministic natural environmental factors and random natural environmental factors. In the mathematical model, deterministic natural environmental factors such as aquifer conductivity and water supply do not need to be reset; parameters containing random natural environmental factors must be reasonably set in combination with the prediction purpose.

[0064] Furthermore, the safety range threshold is related to the hydrogeological conditions, water resource protection regulations, and human and social conditions of the target arid area, and can be set and adjusted according to actual conditions. Specifically, in arid areas, the safety range threshold can be set to 5%. In order to meet the needs of refined management, multiple safety range thresholds can be set in the same area.

[0065] In at least one embodiment of the present application, a hydrogeological conceptual model is constructed based on the hydrogeological conditions of the target arid area, including: determining the geographical scope of the target arid area; and generalizing the aquifer structure and boundary conditions of the target arid area. In this embodiment, the hydrogeological conceptual model is obtained by determining the geographical scope of the target area and generalizing the aquifer structure and boundary conditions of the target area. The generalization process is equivalent to equivalent processing, so as to simplify the problem and facilitate model establishment and problem processing.

[0066] Based on the above method for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in arid areas, a demonstration base in the Qaidam Basin is used as the target arid area for explanation.

[0067] The Qaidam River Dulan District is one of the three water resource zones of the Qaidam Basin. It is located in the central part of Qinghai Province and the southeastern part of the Qaidam Basin. It has a plateau arid continental climate and covers an area of ​​about 59,000 km. 2 (like Figure 2 The administrative area is mainly Dulan County, Haixi Prefecture, including four towns and four townships, namely Chahanwusu Town, Xiangride Town, Xiariha Town, Zongjia Town, Baron Township, Xiangjia Township, Gouli Township and Reshui Township. The rivers mainly include Shaliu River, Xiariha River, Chahanwusu River, Xiangride River, Yikegao River, Qingshui River, Hongshui River and Nuomuhong River, and the overall flow direction is from southeast to northwest.

[0068] Balong Township has built a demonstration base for low-carbon irrigation and ecological protection technology in typical Qaidam pastures, with an application area of ​​10,000 mu. It has built and equipped a decentralized irrigation system, water supply and distribution network system and field irrigation facilities.

[0069] 1) Construction of hydrogeological conceptual model

[0070] (1) Determine the geographical scope

[0071] The southern and southeastern boundaries of the demonstration base are the natural boundaries of the front of the mountain; the northern boundary extends northward to the Qaidam River; the western boundary is located at the junction of the Hongshui River alluvial fan and the Qingshui River alluvial fan; the northeastern boundary extends northward along the front of the mountain to the Xiangride River, and then turns northwest to connect with the Qaidam River. The evaluation range is approximately 1293km 2 The key evaluation area is approximately 696km 2 ,like Figure 3 shown.

[0072] (2) Generalization of aquifer structure and boundary conditions

[0073] In the demonstration base, there is mainly a single-layer phreatic aquifer. In the northern part of the calculation area, there is a distribution area of ​​phreatic-microconfined-confined water multi-layer aquifers. In view of the low head of confined water in the expansion area and the limited distribution range, and the relatively small amount of confined water level data, the entire calculation area is generalized as a macro structure of a single-layer equivalent phreatic aquifer. In the multi-layer area, the water conductivity of the equivalent phreatic aquifer represents the overall water conductivity of the phreatic and its underlying confined aquifers.

[0074] The boundary of the calculation area is generally a natural boundary, or a quasi-natural boundary, which encloses a relatively independent hydrogeological unit.

[0075] The southern piedmont boundary, whose outer part is mainly a large area of ​​exposed granite, has a small amount of weathered fissure water in the mountainous area supplying the plain area, which is defined as the flow boundary. The eastern boundary is parallel to the groundwater isowater level line, which is defined as the flow boundary; the northeastern boundary is bounded by the Xiangride River, which is defined as the river boundary; the Qaidam River in the north is located in the low-lying area in the center of the Qaidam Basin. It belongs to the Quanji River with a larger discharge scale in the eastern part of the Qaidam Basin, and is also the local groundwater discharge datum level. If the groundwater resources are not over-exploited and the Quanji River maintains continuous flow, the Quanji River will always remain in a drainage state. In the process of groundwater exploitation, because the discharge water level of the Quanji River does not change much, the Quanji River is approximately generalized as a fixed elevation discharge boundary. The western boundary is perpendicular to the groundwater flow field and is generalized as a water-isolating boundary.

[0076] 2) Construction of groundwater mathematical model

[0077] (1) Generate groundwater recharge model

[0078] The groundwater recharge factors in the demonstration base include: river water seepage, field irrigation seepage and atmospheric precipitation. According to the Xiangride River flow observation data, the river water seepage can be described by the following approximate empirical formula:

[0079] Xiangri De River:

[0080] Where: Q 0 is the flow rate of the river out of the mountain pass (m 3 / s); Q 1 is the river leakage (m 3 / s)

[0081] The above formula shows that when the river water flow out of the mountain is not greater than 21.75m 3 / s, all the water of Xiangride River leaks out in the Gobi Desert; when it exceeds this value, a torrent will rush downstream to the terminal lake downstream.

[0082] According to the above empirical formula, the flow function along the river can be expressed as:

[0083] Xiangri De River:

[0084] Where: Q(x) is the flow function along the river, x is the length of the river flow; Q 0 is the flow rate of the river out of the mountain pass; L 0 is the distance of the maximum leakage section of the river; L is the distance of the actual leakage section of the river; C is a constant calculated based on the flow rate at the mountain outlet.

[0085] According to the law that the flow function Q(x) decreases with x along the way, the leakage intensity ε along the river can be obtained: Riv .

[0086] Atmospheric precipitation recharge: Since the precipitation in this area is scarce, the annual precipitation is only 41.75mm, and it is subject to strong evaporation after rainfall. The water level of the alluvial inclined plain is buried deep, so precipitation has almost no recharge effect on the groundwater in the piedmont plain, and only has some recharge effect on the groundwater in the overflow zone where the groundwater level is shallow. In the calculation, precipitation recharge is ignored and regarded as a safety margin.

[0087] (2) Generate groundwater discharge model

[0088] The alluvial sloping plain in front of the mountain has a low terrain, but due to the smooth runoff and deep buried water level (>10 meters), it is not conducive to evaporation and discharge, and the main discharge is runoff to the downstream; after the groundwater runoff reaches the alluvial plain, due to the finer rock properties of the aquifer, the gentler terrain slope, and the rising water level, part of the groundwater overflows directly to the surface, forming a spring-collecting river. Its law is approximately described by the following mathematical model:

[0089]

[0090] Where: ε s is the spring overflow intensity; α S is the spring overflow coefficient; H is the water level of the phreatic aquifer; H Top is the diving overflow elevation.

[0091] The evaporation and transpiration of groundwater in shallow buried areas mainly occur in areas where the water level is less than 4m deep. According to the relationship between the evaporation intensity and the depth of groundwater in this area, the Kovda-Aviryanov empirical formula is used to approximately describe the evaporation law.

[0092] (3) Solving the mathematical model parameters

[0093] Based on the above hydrogeological conceptual model, a heterogeneous, isotropic, three-dimensional stable flow mathematical model of the evaluation area can be established, which can be described by the following solution problem of differential equations:

[0094]

[0095] Where: H is the groundwater level elevation (m); Kh, Kv are the horizontal and vertical permeability coefficients (m / d); ε is the vertical recharge intensity of the phreatic aquifer (m 3 / d·m 2 ), which includes atmospheric precipitation infiltration and groundwater evaporation; h 0 ——initial water level elevation of aquifer (m); h 1 ——The first type (fixed water level) boundary water level elevation (m); p——evaporation and precipitation of the water table (m / d); Γ 0 ——the upper boundary of the seepage zone, i.e. the free surface of groundwater; Γ 1 ——a type of boundary in the seepage region; Γ 2 ——The second type of boundary in the seepage area: n——the direction of the normal outside the second type of boundary; K n ——Permeability coefficient in the normal direction of the boundary surface (m / d); q——Single-width seepage on the second-type boundary, positive for inflow, negative for outflow, and 0 for the impermeable boundary (m 2 / d); x, y, z – coordinate variables (m); t – time variable, unit: days (d); Ω – seepage area.

[0096] Heterogeneity refers to the fact that the physical, chemical or hydraulic properties of an aquifer vary with spatial position, and isotropy refers to the fact that the physical, chemical or hydraulic properties of an aquifer in a certain direction do not vary with direction. The above mathematical model includes partial differential equations, initial conditions, and first and second type boundary conditions, which together constitute a well-defined problem. The three-dimensional finite difference method can be applied to discretize the mathematical model into a set of finite difference equations, which can be solved using the MODFLOW module in the GMS software.

[0097] The purpose of the numerical simulation of groundwater in this scheme is to predict the impact of water resources development and utilization on the surrounding groundwater environment based on the simulation of the natural flow field of groundwater. Therefore, when the evaluation area units are meshed, in order to improve the simulation accuracy, the grid of the key evaluation area is densely meshed, the grid size is 500m×500m, and it is divided into two layers in the vertical direction, with a total of 65180×2 cells, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0098] 3) Verification and correction of mathematical models

[0099] Model calibration and verification is one of the key steps to establish a hydrogeological numerical model that can basically correctly reflect the actual hydrogeological conditions. For the verification of the steady flow model, the following principles are mainly followed: ① The identified hydrogeological parameters must conform to the actual hydrogeological conditions; ② From the perspective of equilibrium, the simulated groundwater must be basically balanced, that is, the groundwater recharge and discharge in the equilibrium zone during the equilibrium period must be basically equal; ③ The simulated groundwater flow field must be basically consistent with the initial given groundwater flow field, that is, the groundwater simulation contour line is required to be similar in shape to the measured groundwater level contour line, and the simulated flow field can objectively reflect the trend of groundwater flow.

[0100] This modeling is based on reasonable hydrogeological zoning of the evaluation area and uses existing hydrogeological parameters to construct a model to represent the actual hydrogeological conditions of the evaluation area.

[0101] (1) Water balance calculation

[0102] The evaluation area is regarded as a balance area. The elements of water balance in this area include river water leakage, canal leakage, irrigation infiltration, lateral inflow, lateral outflow, artificial mining and spring water discharge. The balance calculation is carried out using the balance formula.

[0103] ⊿Q=Q 补 -Q 排 =( Q 河水渗漏 +Q 渠系渗漏 +Q 灌溉回渗 +Q 侧向流入 )-(Q 侧向流出 +Q 开采 +Q 泉 ) (5)

[0104] The calculation results are shown in Table 1. Theoretically, the stable flow equilibrium calculation result ΔQ should be 0. For the actual equilibrium calculation results of this model, when the relative error (ΔQ 实 / Q 补 ) is less than 10%, it is considered that the stable flow balance condition is met.

[0105] According to the results, the simulation results of the model are basically similar to the results of the actual field investigation, the water level and water balance errors are small, and the simulated water level distribution range is consistent with the results of the actual field investigation.

[0106] When the hydrogeological conditions in the study area are relatively simple, first-hand data of the study area can be obtained through a large number of field investigations and experimental work. By fitting the simulated water level and the measured water level, the model can be better identified and used to guide practice.

[0107] Table 1 Water balance analysis table of the assessment area

[0108]

[0109] (2) Flow field verification

[0110] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, based on the accuracy required by the model and the existing hydrogeological parameters that are authentic and representative, the groundwater flow simulation results show that the groundwater flow field simulated by the generalized hydrogeological conceptual model under the given hydrogeological parameters and various equilibrium conditions is basically consistent with the actual groundwater flow field, and can better reflect the spatial distribution characteristics of groundwater flow in the study area. In the figure, the blue line is the actual groundwater flow field, the colored line is the fitted flow field, and the number with red background is the groundwater level elevation.

[0111] (3) Observation well water level fitting

[0112] The comparison between the simulated water level and the measured water level in each observation well is shown in the figure below. Figure 6 As shown in Table 2. From the comparison results, it can be seen that the water level of each observation well has a good fit with the measured water level, indicating that the established model is consistent with the geological prototype. The above results show that the established simulation model basically meets the model accuracy requirements, meets the hydrogeological conditions, and basically reflects the hydraulic characteristics of the groundwater system. The model can be used to predict the impact of various mining schemes on the groundwater level in the demonstration area.

[0113] Table 2 Comparison between simulated water level and measured water level in each observation well

[0114] Observation well number Simulated water level (m) Measured water level (m) Error(m) ZK12 2806.22 2806.78 0.56 ZK13 2802.74 2803.04 0.30 ZK14 2859.07 2860.51 1.44 ZK15 2862.11 2863.45 1.34 ZK16 2865.56 2866.03 0.47 ZK18 2872.49 2873.25 0.76 ZK21 2855.05 2856.13 1.08 ZK22 2868.99 2869.95 0.96

[0115] 4) Determination of the rationality of water resource exploitation plan

[0116] (1) Environment settings

[0117] ①Natural environmental factors

[0118] Random natural environmental factors in the region include: the inflow of the Xiangride River, the evaporation capacity of the atmosphere on water, and atmospheric precipitation.

[0119] Although there are certain random changes in the atmospheric evaporation capacity in different years, its coefficient of variation is relatively small. Therefore, its random change factor is ignored and it is approximated as not changing with the year. The evaporation capacity value is taken as the multi-year average. Since the atmospheric precipitation is very small, the surface runoff and groundwater recharge in the plain area are negligible. The recharge effect of atmospheric precipitation on groundwater is ignored in the model. When atmospheric precipitation is required, it is approximated as a multi-year average. The source of water resources in the region is mainly lateral recharge from the eastern alluvial fan, and its dynamic changes are mainly determined by the runoff of the Xiangride River. The annual runoff and runoff process of the river directly affect the water resource status and environmental changes in the study area. Therefore, in the natural environment setting of the prediction model, only the random changes of river runoff are considered.

[0120] ② Factors affecting human activities

[0121] The human activities in the area are relatively weak, and the current groundwater extraction is basically negligible, so decentralized irrigation is taken as the main influencing factor of human activities. In order to explore the impact of decentralized irrigation on the groundwater environment in the demonstration area, this section mainly sets scenarios based on the decentralized irrigation scale and irrigation technology, and gives different changes.

[0122] (2) Water resource exploitation plan

[0123] The cultivation of wolfberry and alfalfa is becoming more and more active in the agricultural economic development of the Qaidam Basin, and has also become an important measure for the adjustment of the agricultural and animal husbandry industry structure and an effective way to improve the ecological environment and increase the income of farmers and herdsmen. This application is based on the decentralized water resource utilization and ecological protection connection technology, sets different water resource utilization scenarios, and analyzes the impact of decentralized low-carbon irrigation on the groundwater environment in the demonstration area. The scenario settings are shown in Table 3.

[0124] Table 3 Simulation prediction scheme setting table

[0125] Simulation scenario Area (ten thousand mu) <![CDATA[Quota (m 3 / mu)]]> <![CDATA[Groundwater extraction volume (10 4 m 3 / a)]]> Scenario 0 0 0 0 Scenario 1 1 500 500 Scenario 2 1 240 240 Scenario 3 5 500 2500 Scenario 4 5 240 1200 Scenario 5 10 500 5000 Scenario 6 10 240 2400

[0126] According to the water consumption law of vegetation growth, water is lifted for irrigation in the vegetation growth season (April to September) and the winter irrigation period (November). The predicted environments of each scenario model are:

[0127] Scenario 0: Groundwater environment status when it is not developed and utilized;

[0128] Scenario 1: The demonstration area is set to 10,000 mu, traditional irrigation technology is used in the demonstration area, and the irrigation quota is set to 500m 3 / mu, the annual groundwater extraction is 500×10 4 m 3 ;

[0129] Scenario 2: The demonstration area is set to 10,000 mu, and high-efficiency water-saving irrigation technology is used in the demonstration area, with an irrigation quota of 240m3 / mu, the annual groundwater extraction is 240×10 4 m 3 ;

[0130] Scenario 3: The demonstration area is set to 50,000 mu, traditional irrigation technology is used in the demonstration area, and the irrigation quota is set to 500m 3 / mu, the annual groundwater extraction is 2500×10 4 m 3 ;

[0131] Scenario 4: Set the demonstration area to 50,000 mu, use high-efficiency water-saving irrigation technology in the demonstration area, and set the irrigation quota to 240m 3 / mu, the annual groundwater extraction is 1200×10 4 m 3 ;

[0132] Scenario 5: The demonstration area is set to 100,000 mu, traditional irrigation technology is used in the demonstration area, and the irrigation quota is set to 500m 3 / mu, the annual groundwater extraction is 5000×10 4 m 3 ;

[0133] Scenario 6: Set the demonstration area to 100,000 mu, use high-efficiency water-saving irrigation technology in the demonstration area, and set the irrigation quota to 240m 3 / mu, the annual groundwater extraction is 2400×10 4 m 3 .

[0134] Relying on the GMS platform MODFLOW, the groundwater changes and spring water outbursts of the above seven water resource allocation scenarios in the demonstration area were simulated and calculated. The simulation period was 30 years. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0135] Table 4 Water resources analysis under different scenarios

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] In scenarios 1 and 2, the irrigation area is 10,000 mu, accounting for 1% of the groundwater formation area; in scenarios 3 and 4, the irrigation area is 50,000 mu, accounting for 5% of the groundwater formation area; in scenarios 5 and 6, the irrigation area is 100,000 mu, accounting for 10% of the groundwater formation area. Scenarios 1, 3, and 5 are all photovoltaic water-lifting surface irrigation, and the groundwater extraction volume is 5 million cubic meters / year, 25 million cubic meters / year, and 50 million cubic meters / year respectively; scenarios 2, 4, and 6 are all photovoltaic water-lifting high-efficiency irrigation technology, and the groundwater extraction volume is 2 million cubic meters / year, 12 million cubic meters / year, and 24 million cubic meters / year respectively.

[0139] (4) Determination of rationality of mining plan

[0140] According to calculations, under the scenarios of cultivated land reclamation and groundwater exploitation, the spring overflow and evapotranspiration in the demonstration area and its groundwater impact area vary with the scale of reclamation and exploitation. In general, the reduction rate of spring overflow is linearly correlated with the amount of groundwater exploitation, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0141] Taking the ecological impact within 5% as the absolute safety criterion, according to the fitting formula, the safe extraction volume is 8.11 million cubic meters per year, corresponding to 33,800 mu of efficient water-saving irrigation area or 16,200 mu of surface irrigation area, accounting for 3.25% and 1.56% of the evaluation area (groundwater formation area) respectively. As shown in Table 4, the groundwater extraction volume of Schemes 3 to 6 exceeds 8.11 million cubic meters per year, and therefore belongs to unreasonable schemes.

[0142] like Figure 8 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device 800 for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in an arid area, comprising:

[0143] A hydrogeological unit 810 is used to construct a hydrogeological conceptual model based on the hydrogeological conditions of the target arid area;

[0144] A model construction unit 820 is used to construct a groundwater mathematical model of the target arid area based on the hydrogeological conceptual model and the groundwater simulation system;

[0145] The model checking and correction unit 830 is used to check and correct the groundwater mathematical model based on the actual hydrological data of the target arid area to obtain a corrected groundwater mathematical model;

[0146] The rationality determination unit 840 is used to input the groundwater extraction volume into the calibrated groundwater mathematical model to obtain a rationality determination result of the groundwater extraction volume.

[0147] In the above device, the hydrogeological unit 810 first constructs a hydrogeological conceptual model with the collected hydrogeological conditions as the basis for subsequent work, and then the model construction unit 820 uses software and mathematical means to construct a groundwater mathematical model, and then the model inspection and correction unit 830 inspects and corrects the groundwater mathematical model, and finally the rationality judgment unit 840 inputs the groundwater extraction volume into the corrected groundwater mathematical model to judge the rationality of the groundwater extraction volume. This scheme uses the corrected groundwater mathematical model to judge the rationality of the water resource exploitation scheme, thereby providing a scientific basis and guidance for the management and control of water resources, which is conducive to the utilization and protection of groundwater resources.

[0148] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the model construction unit 820 also includes: a recharge and discharge module and a mathematical model construction module. The recharge and discharge module is used to model the groundwater recharge in the target arid area to form a recharge model, and to model the groundwater discharge in the target arid area to form a discharge model; the mathematical model construction module is used to solve the model parameters of the groundwater mathematical model based on the groundwater simulation system and construct the groundwater mathematical model. Through the above modules, the actual problem is converted into a mathematical problem, the model parameters of the groundwater mathematical model are solved by mathematical methods, and then the groundwater mathematical model is constructed, thereby providing a powerful means for the subsequent rationality judgment of water resource exploitation.

[0149] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the model verification and correction unit 830 includes: a verification module and a correction module. The verification module is used to perform water balance verification, flow field verification and water level verification on the target arid area; the correction module is used to correct the model parameters of the groundwater mathematical model based on the water balance verification, flow field verification and water level verification. Through verification and correction, the groundwater mathematical model can more accurately reflect the actual water resources situation in the target arid area, thereby providing the possibility of accurately determining the rationality of water resource exploitation.

[0150] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the rationality determination unit 840 includes: an environment setting module, an exploitation scheme acquisition module, an ecological impact calculation module, a fitting equation construction module, an exploitation volume threshold calculation module, and a result determination module. The environment setting module is used to perform environment settings on the corrected groundwater mathematical model based on the environmental factors of the target arid area; the exploitation scheme acquisition module is used to acquire at least one water resource exploitation scheme, and at least one water resource exploitation scheme includes groundwater exploitation volume; the ecological impact calculation module is used to calculate the impact of at least one water resource exploitation scheme on the ecological environment based on the corrected groundwater mathematical model, and the impact includes the spring overflow reduction rate; the fitting equation construction module is used to construct a fitting equation based on the spring overflow reduction rate and the groundwater exploitation volume; the exploitation volume threshold calculation module is used to calculate the groundwater exploitation volume threshold based on the safety range threshold of the spring overflow reduction rate and the fitting equation, wherein the safety range threshold represents the maximum value of the spring overflow reduction rate when the groundwater exploitation will not cause a great impact on the ecological environment, and the groundwater exploitation volume threshold represents the threshold for the reasonable use of groundwater resources in the target arid area; and the result determination module is used to compare the groundwater exploitation volume with the groundwater exploitation volume threshold to obtain a rationality determination result. In this embodiment, after the environmental factors are set by the environment setting module, the distribution of groundwater quantity or water quality in different time and space can be predicted by the calibrated groundwater mathematical model. At the same time, for a specific water resource exploitation plan, the threshold comparison module can determine the rationality of water resource exploitation based on the groundwater exploitation volume threshold to present the degree and scope of the impact of the exploitation plan on the groundwater environment, providing a basis for the optimal allocation of water resources.

[0151] The impact of groundwater exploitation on the ecological environment includes vegetation growth, animal reproduction, and changes in river springs. In order to simplify and facilitate statistical analysis, this paper mainly considers the spring overflow reduction rate in the ecological environment. There is a specific mathematical relationship between the spring overflow reduction rate and the groundwater exploitation volume. According to this mathematical relationship, a fitting equation can be constructed, and then the groundwater exploitation volume threshold can be calculated based on the fitting equation. The groundwater exploitation volume threshold is the maximum limit of groundwater exploitation in the area. If the groundwater exploitation volume included in the water resource exploitation plan exceeds the groundwater exploitation volume threshold, it is an unreasonable exploitation plan, otherwise it is a reasonable exploitation plan.

[0152] In at least one embodiment of the present application, in the threshold comparison module, the safety range threshold is related to the hydrogeological conditions, water resource protection regulations, human and social conditions of the target arid area, and can be set and adjusted according to actual conditions. Specifically, in arid areas, the safety range threshold of the impact of groundwater extraction on the ecological environment can be set to 5%. In order to meet the needs of refined management, multiple safety range thresholds can be set in the same area.

[0153] In at least one embodiment of the present application, the hydrogeological unit 810 includes a scope determination module and a hydrogeological processing module. The scope determination module is used to determine the geographical scope of the target arid area; the hydrogeological processing module is used to generalize the aquifer structure and boundary conditions of the target arid area.

[0154] The above-mentioned device for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in arid areas includes a processor and a memory. The above-mentioned hydrogeological unit, model construction unit, model verification and correction unit, and rationality determination unit are all stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the above-mentioned program units stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions.

[0155] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0156] like Fig. 9 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the electronic device 10 includes one or more processors 11 and a memory 12.

[0157] The processor 11 may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units having data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device 10 to perform desired functions.

[0158] The memory 12 may include one or more computer program products, and the memory may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, a random access memory (RAM) and / or a cache memory (cache), etc. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, a flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor 11 may run the program instructions to implement the method for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in arid areas of the various embodiments of the present application described above and / or other desired functions. Various contents such as input signals, signal components, noise components, etc. may also be stored in the computer-readable storage medium.

[0159] In one example, the electronic device 10 may further include: an input device 13 and an output device 14, and these components are interconnected via a bus system and / or other forms of connection mechanisms (not shown).

[0160] Of course, to simplify, Fig. 9Only some of the components related to the present application in the electronic device 10 are shown, and components such as a bus, an input / output interface, etc. are omitted. In addition, according to specific application situations, the electronic device 10 may also include any other appropriate components.

[0161] Based on the embodiments of the present application, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute each step of the method for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in an arid area of ​​the aforementioned technical solution.

[0162] Based on the embodiments of the present application, the present application also provides a processor, which is used to run a program, wherein when the program is running, each step of the method for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in arid areas of the aforementioned technical solution is executed.

[0163] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0164] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0165] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

[0166] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0167] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the described embodiment, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0168] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the method of the embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0169] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0170] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limiting the present invention. A person of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

[0171] The above is only a specific implementation of this specification, but the protection scope of this specification is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with this technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in this specification, which should be included in the protection scope of this specification. Therefore, the protection scope of this specification should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in arid areas, characterized in that: include: Construct a hydrogeological conceptual model based on the hydrogeological conditions of the target arid area; Based on the hydrogeological conceptual model and the groundwater simulation system, construct a groundwater mathematical model of the target arid area; Based on the actual hydrological data of the target arid area, the groundwater mathematical model is tested and corrected to obtain a corrected groundwater mathematical model; The groundwater extraction volume is input into the corrected groundwater mathematical model to obtain a rationality determination result of the groundwater extraction volume.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of constructing a groundwater mathematical model of the target arid area based on the hydrogeological conceptual model and the groundwater simulation system includes: Modeling the groundwater recharge of the target arid area to form a recharge model, and modeling the groundwater discharge of the target arid area to form a discharge model; Based on the groundwater simulation system, the model parameters of the groundwater mathematical model are solved and the groundwater mathematical model is constructed.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of testing and correcting the groundwater mathematical model based on the actual hydrological data of the target arid area to obtain a corrected groundwater mathematical model includes: Conducting water balance inspection, flow field inspection and water level inspection on the target arid area; Based on the water balance test, the flow field test and the water level test, the model parameters of the groundwater mathematical model are corrected.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The step of inputting the groundwater resource extraction amount into the corrected groundwater mathematical model to obtain a rationality determination result of the groundwater extraction amount includes: Based on the environmental factors of the target arid area, performing environmental settings on the corrected groundwater mathematical model; obtaining at least one water resource exploitation plan, wherein the at least one water resource exploitation plan includes a groundwater exploitation amount; Based on the corrected groundwater mathematical model, calculating the impact of the at least one water resource exploitation scheme on the ecological environment, the impact including the spring overflow reduction rate; Constructing a fitting equation based on the spring overflow reduction rate and the groundwater extraction amount; Based on the safety range threshold of the spring overflow reduction rate and the fitting equation, a groundwater extraction threshold is calculated, wherein the safety range threshold represents the maximum value of the spring overflow reduction rate under the condition that groundwater extraction will not cause a great impact on the ecological environment, and the groundwater extraction threshold represents the threshold for the reasonable use of groundwater resources in the target arid area; The groundwater extraction volume is compared with the groundwater extraction volume threshold to obtain a rationality determination result.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The safety range threshold is determined based on the hydrogeological conditions, water resource protection regulations and human and social conditions of the target drought area.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The environmental factors include natural environmental factors and factors affected by human activities, and the natural environmental factors include deterministic natural environmental factors and random natural environmental factors.

7. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The hydrogeological conceptual model is constructed based on the hydrogeological conditions of the target arid area, including: Determine the geographical extent of the target drought area; The aquifer structure and boundary conditions of the target arid area are generalized.

8. A device for determining the rationality of groundwater extraction in arid areas, characterized in that: include: Hydrogeological units, used to construct a hydrogeological conceptual model based on the hydrogeological conditions of the target arid area; A model construction unit, used to construct a groundwater mathematical model of the target arid area based on the hydrogeological conceptual model and the groundwater simulation system; A model checking and correction unit, used to check and correct the groundwater mathematical model based on the actual hydrological data of the target arid area to obtain a corrected groundwater mathematical model; The rationality determination unit is used to input the groundwater extraction volume into the corrected groundwater mathematical model to obtain a rationality determination result of the groundwater extraction volume.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can perform each step in the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored program, wherein the program executes each step of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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