Potato seed dressing agent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of crop planting, and discloses a potato seed dressing agent and a preparation method and application thereof.The potato seed dressing agent is prepared from, by weight, 10%-30% of microbial agent, 5%-20% of trace element fertilizer, 40%-60% of organic matter carrier, 1%-5% of surfactant and 0.1%-1% of preservative, the microbial agent is prepared from bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus megatherium, streptomyces microflavus and trichoderma harzianum; the trace elements for the trace element fertilizer comprise boron, iron, copper, zinc and manganese; the organic matter carrier comprises humic acid, a seaweed extract, straw powder and bentonite; the surface active agent is prepared from MX-003, a nonionic surface active agent and an anionic surface active agent; the preservative comprises sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, nisin and natamycin, the potato seed dressing agent can effectively prevent harmful substances in soil from infecting potato seeds, inhibit infection of pathogenic bacteria on the surfaces of the potato seeds, and improve the emergence rate of the potato seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of crop planting, and in particular to a potato seed dressing agent and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As one of the most important food crops in the world, the yield and quality of potato are affected by many factors, including seed quality, soil conditions, pests and diseases, etc. The potato industry also faces many difficulties, such as the supply of high-quality seed potatoes, high incidence of storage diseases, and continuous cropping obstacles. The preparation of potato seed potatoes is to cut them according to the cutting standard. Since the potatoes are artificially injured during cutting, the wounds are moist and easily infected by bacteria. Therefore, the seeds need to be mixed to heal the wounds and prevent them from rotting.

[0003] At present, potato seed dressing agents mainly use plant ash, carbendazim, etc. to sterilize and prevent seed rot and possible diseases in the later stage. Some also use hormones or hormone-like products to promote early rooting and germination of potatoes. There are also microorganisms used as seed dressing agents, which improve the soil ecological environment through microorganisms and achieve the effect of disease prevention by inhibiting bacteria. However, the use of microorganisms as seed dressing agents has the problem of unstable effect, so it has not been recognized in the market. Although this treatment method can improve the growth rate and resistance of seeds to a certain extent, it has problems such as nutrient imbalance, aggravated soil pollution, and pathogens that are prone to drug resistance.

[0004] Traditional seed dressing agents often ignore the improvement of soil microecological environment and the supplement of organic matter, which makes it difficult to continuously improve potato yield and quality. Traditional methods have certain limitations in improving potato seed performance. For this reason, we propose a potato seed dressing agent and its preparation method and application. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a potato seed dressing agent and a preparation method and application thereof, which solve the problems of nutrient imbalance, aggravated soil pollution and easy drug resistance of pathogens in the existing potato planting.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A potato seed dressing agent, comprising the following components in weight percentage: microbial agent: 10%-30%, trace element fertilizer: 5%-20%, organic carrier: 40%-60%, surfactant: 1%-5%, preservative: 0.1%-1% and talcum powder: 10-45%;

[0010] The microbial agent comprises: 25% Bacillus subtilis, 25% Bacillus licheniformis, 13% Bacillus gelatinus, 8% Bacillus megaterium, 9% Streptomyces tenuiflavus and 20% Trichoderma harzianum;

[0011] The trace elements used in the trace element fertilizer include: boron, iron, copper, zinc and manganese, wherein the ratio of boron, iron, copper, zinc and manganese is 1:2:1:3:3;

[0012] The organic carrier comprises: 40% humic acid, 30% seaweed extract, 20% straw powder and 10% bentonite;

[0013] The surfactant includes: one or more of MX-003, nonionic surfactant and anionic surfactant;

[0014] The preservatives include sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, nisin and natamycin, wherein the ratio of sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, nisin and natamycin is 4:4:1:1.

[0015] Preferably, it is composed of the following components in weight percentage: microbial agent: 10%, trace element fertilizer: 5%, organic carrier: 40%, surfactant: 1%, preservative: 0.1% and talcum powder: 43.9%.

[0016] Preferably, it is composed of the following components in weight percentage: microbial agent: 20%, trace element fertilizer: 12%, organic carrier: 50%, surfactant: 2%, preservative: 0.5% and talcum powder: 15.5%.

[0017] Preferably, it is composed of the following components in weight percentage: microbial agent: 30%, trace element fertilizer: 20%, organic carrier: 40%, surfactant: 5%, preservative: 1% and talcum powder: 4%.

[0018] Preferably, it is composed of the following components in weight percentage: it is composed of the following components in weight percentage: microbial agent: 10%, trace element fertilizer: 5%, organic carrier: 40%, surfactant: 5%, preservative: 1% and talcum powder: 39%.

[0019] Preferably, it is composed of the following components in weight percentage: microbial agent: 30%, trace element fertilizer: 20%, organic carrier: 40%, surfactant: 1%, preservative: 0.1% and talcum powder: 8.9%.

[0020] Preferably, it is composed of the following components in weight percentage: microbial agent: 10%, trace element fertilizer: 5%, organic carrier: 50%, surfactant: 2%, preservative: 0.5% and talcum powder: 32.5%.

[0021] Preferably, it is composed of the following components in weight percentage: microbial agent: 20%, trace element fertilizer: 12%, organic carrier: 60%, surfactant: 5%, preservative: 1% and talcum powder: 2%.

[0022] A method for preparing a potato seed dressing agent comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1. Premixing: First, premix the microbial agent and trace element fertilizer to ensure that the two are evenly distributed. This step can be done with a mechanical stirrer to ensure the mixing effect;

[0024] S2. Adding organic carrier: on the basis of premixing, gradually add organic carrier and talcum powder, and continue to stir until completely uniform. The amount of organic carrier added should be adjusted according to the formulation requirements;

[0025] S3. Add surfactants and preservatives: Finally, add surfactants and preservatives to the mixture according to the formula ratio and stir thoroughly. This step needs to ensure that all ingredients are fully contacted and mixed evenly.

[0026] The invention discloses an application of a potato seed dressing agent. Before sowing potatoes, the seed dressing agent is evenly applied on the surface of the seeds and the seeds are sown after being naturally dried.

[0027] (III) Beneficial effects

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a potato seed dressing agent and a preparation method and application thereof, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0029] Beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis in microbial agents can improve the soil microecological environment, promote the development of potato roots and the absorption of nutrients, thereby increasing potato yield and quality, enhancing resistance, and have an inhibitory effect on a variety of pathogens, which can reduce the occurrence of potato diseases and improve the stress resistance of plants; balanced nutrition, boron, iron, copper, zinc and manganese in trace element fertilizers are necessary for potato growth, which can supplement the lack of trace elements in the soil and promote the healthy growth of potatoes; organic carriers such as humic acid and seaweed extracts can improve soil structure, increase soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and provide a good growth environment for potatoes; the use of surfactants enables the seed dressing agent to adhere evenly and firmly to the seed surface, improving the germination rate and uniformity of seed emergence; the addition of preservatives ensures the stability of the seed dressing agent during storage and use, and extends its shelf life. The potato seed dressing agent can significantly improve the growth condition of potatoes by scientifically proportioning multiple ingredients. The potatoes using the potato seed dressing agent have large leaves, thick stems, dark green leaves, many branches, and lateral enlargement during growth, and have a significant beneficial effect in improving the germination rate of potatoes. At the same time, the seed dressing agent is environmentally friendly, safe, easy to prepare and use, and has broad application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] A potato seed dressing agent, comprising the following components in weight percentage: microbial agent: 10%-30%, trace element fertilizer: 5%-20%, organic carrier: 40%-60%, surfactant: 1%-5%, preservative: 0.1%-1% and talcum powder: 10-45%;

[0032] The microbial agents include: 25% Bacillus subtilis, 25% Bacillus licheniformis, 13% Bacillus gelatinus, 8% Bacillus megaterium, 9% Streptomyces tenuifolius and 20% Trichoderma harzianum;

[0033] Trace elements used in trace element fertilizers include: boron, iron, copper, zinc and manganese, among which the ratio of boron, iron, copper, zinc and manganese is 1:2:1:3:3;

[0034] The organic carrier includes: 40% humic acid, 30% seaweed extract, 20% straw powder and 10% bentonite;

[0035] The surfactant includes: one or more of MX-003, a nonionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant;

[0036] The preservatives include: sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, nisin and natamycin. The ratio of sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, nisin and natamycin is 4:4:1:1.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] A method for preparing a potato seed dressing agent comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1. Premixing: First, premix 10% by weight of microbial agent and 5% by weight of trace element fertilizer to ensure that the two are evenly distributed. This step can be done using a mechanical stirrer to ensure the mixing effect.

[0040] S2. Adding organic carrier: on the basis of premixing, gradually add 40% by weight of organic carrier and 43.9% by weight of talcum powder, and continue stirring until completely uniform. The amount of organic carrier added should be adjusted according to the formulation requirements.

[0041] S3. Add surfactant and preservative: Finally, add 1% by weight of non-ionic surfactant and 0.1% by weight of preservative into the mixture and stir thoroughly. This step needs to ensure that all ingredients are fully contacted and mixed evenly.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] A method for preparing a potato seed dressing agent comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1. Premixing: First, premix 20% by weight of microbial agent and 12% by weight of trace element fertilizer to ensure that the two are evenly distributed. This step can be performed using a mechanical stirrer to ensure the mixing effect.

[0045] S2. Adding organic carrier: on the basis of premixing, gradually add 50% by weight of organic carrier and 15.5% by weight of talcum powder, and continue stirring until completely uniform. The amount of organic carrier added should be adjusted according to the formulation requirements.

[0046] S3. Add surfactant and preservative: Finally, add 2% by weight of non-ionic surfactant and 0.5% by weight of preservative into the mixture and stir thoroughly. This step needs to ensure that all ingredients are fully contacted and mixed evenly.

[0047] Embodiment three:

[0048] A method for preparing a potato seed dressing agent comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1. Premixing: First, premix 30% by weight of microbial agent and 20% by weight of trace element fertilizer to ensure that the two are evenly distributed. This step can be performed using a mechanical stirrer to ensure the mixing effect.

[0050] S2. Adding organic carrier: on the basis of premixing, gradually add 40% by weight of organic carrier and 4% by weight of talcum powder, and continue stirring until completely uniform. The amount of organic carrier added should be adjusted according to the formulation requirements.

[0051] S3. Add surfactant and preservative: Finally, add 5% by weight of non-ionic surfactant and 1% by weight of preservative into the mixture and stir thoroughly. This step needs to ensure that all ingredients are fully contacted and mixed evenly.

[0052] Embodiment 4:

[0053] A method for preparing a potato seed dressing agent comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1. Premixing: First, premix 10% by weight of microbial agent and 5% by weight of trace element fertilizer to ensure that the two are evenly distributed. This step can be done using a mechanical stirrer to ensure the mixing effect.

[0055] S2. Adding organic carrier: on the basis of premixing, gradually add 40% by weight of organic carrier and 39% by weight of talcum powder, and continue stirring until completely uniform. The amount of organic carrier added should be adjusted according to the formulation requirements.

[0056] S3. Add surfactant and preservative: Finally, add 5% by weight of MX-003 surfactant and 1% by weight of preservative into the mixture and stir thoroughly. This step needs to ensure that all ingredients are fully contacted and mixed evenly.

[0057] Embodiment five:

[0058] A method for preparing a potato seed dressing agent comprises the following steps:

[0059] S1. Premixing: First, premix 30% by weight of microbial agent and 20% by weight of trace element fertilizer to ensure that the two are evenly distributed. This step can be performed using a mechanical stirrer to ensure the mixing effect.

[0060] S2. Adding organic carrier: on the basis of premixing, gradually add 40% by weight of organic carrier and 8.9% by weight of talcum powder, and continue stirring until completely uniform. The amount of organic carrier added should be adjusted according to the formulation requirements.

[0061] S3. Add surfactant and preservative: Finally, add 1% by weight of MX-003 surfactant and 0.1% by weight of preservative into the mixture and stir thoroughly. This step needs to ensure that all ingredients are fully contacted and mixed evenly.

[0062] Embodiment six:

[0063] A method for preparing a potato seed dressing agent comprises the following steps:

[0064] S1. Premixing: First, premix 10% by weight of microbial agent and 5% by weight of trace element fertilizer to ensure that the two are evenly distributed. This step can be done using a mechanical stirrer to ensure the mixing effect.

[0065] S2. Adding organic carrier: on the basis of premixing, gradually add 50% by weight of organic carrier and 32.5% by weight of talcum powder, and continue stirring until completely uniform. The amount of organic carrier added should be adjusted according to the formulation requirements.

[0066] S3. Adding surfactant and preservative: Finally, add 2% by weight of anionic surfactant and 0.5% by weight of preservative into the mixture and stir thoroughly. This step needs to ensure that all ingredients are fully contacted and mixed evenly.

[0067] Embodiment seven:

[0068] A method for preparing a potato seed dressing agent comprises the following steps:

[0069] S1. Premixing: First, premix 20% by weight of microbial agent and 12% by weight of trace element fertilizer to ensure that the two are evenly distributed. This step can be performed using a mechanical stirrer to ensure the mixing effect.

[0070] S2. Adding organic carrier: on the basis of premixing, gradually add 60% by weight of organic carrier and 2% by weight of talcum powder, and continue stirring until completely uniform. The amount of organic carrier added should be adjusted according to the formulation requirements.

[0071] S3. Add surfactant and preservative: Finally, add 5% by weight of anionic surfactant and 1% by weight of preservative into the mixture and stir thoroughly. This step needs to ensure that all ingredients are fully contacted and mixed evenly.

[0072] The following table shows the raw material usage data of the potato seed dressing agent in the specific processing of the present invention:

[0073]

[0074] The invention discloses an application of a potato seed dressing agent. Before sowing potatoes, the seed dressing agent is evenly applied on the surface of the seeds and the seeds are sown after being naturally dried.

[0075] Control group 1: potato seeds were treated with only microbial agents without using other ingredients.

[0076] Control group 2: potato seeds were not treated with any seed dressing agent.

[0077] The effect of the present invention is further described in detail below through the test process of potato seed dressing. This experiment is divided into 7 treatments, and the cut potato seed potatoes are dressed with seeds in control group 1 (only using microbial agents to treat potato seeds, without using other ingredients), control group 2 (not using any seed dressing agent to treat potato seeds), embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, embodiment 6, and embodiment 7, respectively, to obtain 7 treatment samples, each sample is parallel, and the mass ratio of seed dressing agent to cut potato seed potatoes is 10:1500. Two different greenhouses are selected for parallel, the greenhouse is a low greenhouse, each with an area of ​​700 square meters, and a single greenhouse is evenly divided into 7 blocks, each with 100 square meters, and the planting is carried out according to a row spacing of 45 cm and a plant spacing of 30 cm. 900 potato seeds are planted in each treatment, and then the 15-day emergence amount, the 30-day emergence amount and their average emergence rate are counted.

[0078] Table 1 Treatment with different seed dressing agents

[0079] deal with Seed dressing 1 Embodiment 1 2 Embodiment 2 3 Embodiment 3 4 Embodiment 4 5 Embodiment 5 6 Embodiment 6 7 Embodiment 7 8 Control group 1 9 Control group 2 (CK)

[0080] Select virus-free seed potatoes (Qingshu 168) with excellent quality, germinate them at low temperature, weigh 30-50g each, cut them and treat them with the dressing in Table 1, dry them in a ventilated place, and sow them after the incision heals.

[0081] Table 2 Experimental data results

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the experimental samples in the control group 1 and the control group 2 have a large gap in 15-day emergence or 30-day emergence, indicating that the effect is not stable, while the experimental sample data gaps in the embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, and embodiment 5 of the present application are not large, indicating that the seed dressing effect of the present application is relatively stable. As can be seen from the experimental data in Table 2, the differences in the emergence rates of embodiment 2, embodiment 3, and embodiment 4 are not large, and the investigation in the tuber expansion period found that the potatoes using the seed dressing are higher than the control in terms of plant height, stem thickness, and number of branches, and the plant leaves are large and stem thick, the leaf color is dark green, the number of branches is large, and the lateral increase is large. It can be seen that the seed dressing of the present invention has a growth-promoting effect on potato plants.

[0085] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A potato seed dressing agent, characterized in that The invention is composed of the following components in weight percentage: microbial agent: 10%-30%, trace element fertilizer: 5%-20%, organic carrier: 40%-60%, surfactant: 1%-5%, preservative: 0.1%-1% and talcum powder: 10-45%; The microbial agent comprises: 25% Bacillus subtilis, 25% Bacillus licheniformis, 13% Bacillus gelatinus, 8% Bacillus megaterium, 9% Streptomyces tenuiflavus and 20% Trichoderma harzianum; The trace elements used in the trace element fertilizer include: boron, iron, copper, zinc and manganese, wherein the ratio of boron, iron, copper, zinc and manganese is 1:2:1:3:3; The organic carrier comprises: 40% humic acid, 30% seaweed extract, 20% straw powder and 10% bentonite; The surfactant includes: one or more of MX-003, nonionic surfactant and anionic surfactant; The preservatives include sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, nisin and natamycin, wherein the ratio of sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, nisin and natamycin is 4:4:1:

1.

2. A potato seed dressing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following components are present in percentage by weight Composition: microbial agent: 10%, trace element fertilizer: 5%, organic carrier: 40%, surfactant: 1%, preservative: 0.1% and talcum powder: 43.9%.

3. A potato seed dressing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The invention is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: microbial agent: 20%, trace element fertilizer: 12%, organic carrier: 50%, surfactant: 2%, preservative: 0.5% and talcum powder: 15.5%.

4. A potato seed dressing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following components are present in percentage by weight Composition: microbial agent: 30%, trace element fertilizer: 20%, organic carrier: 40%, surfactant: 5%, preservative: 1% and talcum powder: 4%.

5. A potato seed dressing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following components are present in percentage by weight Composition: microbial agent: 10%, trace element fertilizer: 5%, organic carrier: 40%, surfactant: 5%, preservative: 1% and talcum powder: 39%.

6. A potato seed dressing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The invention is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: microbial agent: 30%, trace element fertilizer: 20%, organic carrier: 40%, surfactant: 1%, preservative: 0.1% and talcum powder: 8.9%.

7. A potato seed dressing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following components are present in percentage by weight Composition: microbial agent: 10%, trace element fertilizer: 5%, organic carrier: 50%, surfactant: 2%, preservative: 0.5% and talcum powder: 32.5%.

8. A potato seed dressing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following components are present in percentage by weight Composition: microbial agent: 20%, trace element fertilizer: 12%, organic carrier: 60%, surfactant: 5%, preservative: 1% and talcum powder: 2%.

9. A method for preparing a potato seed dressing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Premixing: First, premix the microbial agent and trace element fertilizer to ensure that the two are evenly distributed; S2. Adding organic carrier: on the basis of premixing, add organic carrier and talcum powder, and continue stirring until completely uniform; S3. Adding surfactant and preservative: Finally, add surfactant and preservative into the mixture according to the formula ratio and stir thoroughly.

10. A use of the potato seed dressing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Before sowing potatoes, apply the seed dressing evenly on the surface of the seeds and sow them after drying naturally.

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