Partition coupling self-organizing ecological carbon sequestration river side slope construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of embankment of river banks, dams, water channels or other similar projects, and discloses a partition coupling self-organizing ecological carbon sequestration river slope construction method. River bank surface soil water resources are concentrated in the lower-layer slope protection zone, and the surface soil water content in the upper-layer slope protection zone is kept at a stable low position, so that the surface soil water content fluctuation on the river bank is reduced; potential plant above-ground biomass is obtained according to indexes, influencing vegetation growth, of the river bank, the apical community type formed after slope protection zone vegetation is fully recovered is judged according to the potential plant above-ground biomass, and therefore plant combinations fully adapting to the river bank microenvironment are screened out, and plant propagules are prevented from being washed away in cooperation with meadow plants and initial soil preparation. All the points are combined, so that the planted plants can normally grow on the river bank with the exposed land and spontaneously organize into a stable plant community, and ecological carbon sequestration is completed by fully utilizing natural endowment of the river bank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of masonry protection for river banks, dams, waterways or other similar projects, and in particular to a method for constructing a zoned coupled self-organized ecological carbon-fixing river slope. Background Art

[0002] The river bank is a special microenvironment. In theory, since the river bank has good natural endowments such as good soil, light, water and fertilizer, it can allow many large trees to grow and support a large aboveground plant biomass, and has great potential for ecological carbon fixation. However, in reality, river banks rarely grow to the maximum aboveground plant biomass that their natural endowments can support. In many cases, only sparse herbaceous plants grow on the river bank, or even completely empty.

[0003] The factors that contribute to this result are varied, but can be summarized as the various natural endowments on the river bank tend to undergo major fluctuations in a relatively short period of time, thus interrupting the successional process.

[0004] For example, for rivers in monsoon areas, the fluctuation of water levels in different seasons of the year, coupled with the precipitation differences in different seasons, causes the water content of the river bank surface soil to show double fluctuations with changes in location and season, and only the water content of the deeper soil is relatively stable. However, only trees can use the water and fertilizer in the deep soil, and the growth of herbaceous plants and shrubs whose roots are mainly in the surface soil is seriously stressed (drought-tolerant plants are killed by waterlogging during the flood season, and flood-tolerant plants are killed by drought during the dry season). Trees cannot grow normally if the river bank surface soil is exposed without vegetation protection (because the exposed river bank will cause serious soil erosion and expose the roots of the trees). Even if the river flow is very uniform throughout the year and there is no obvious fluctuation in precipitation. Because the river bank is a slope, precipitation or river water erosion will make it difficult for seeds and other reproductive bodies to remain on the river bank.

[0005] Artificial cultivation can alleviate the problems caused by riverbanks to plant growth to a certain extent. However, vegetation formed by artificial cultivation is different from vegetation grown by natural succession, and it is impossible to fully adapt to the environment of the location. Although most types of vegetation have a wide range of adaptation, they can grow normally even if they are not fully adapted. But riverbanks are different. The microenvironment of riverbanks is unstable and may change even in different sections of the river. If the riverbank is not fixed with a slope protection structure, the vegetation cultivated on the exposed riverbank will soon only have a few scattered trees with poor growth conditions. The slope protection structure generally uses a large number of various concrete building materials, which is not only costly, but also poses a threat to the growth of vegetation on the riverbank. Summary of the invention

[0006] The invention provides a method for constructing ecological carbon-fixing river slopes with zone-coupled self-organization.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved is: the natural endowment of the river bank's microenvironment fluctuates greatly. If the slope protection structure is not used to fix it, it will be difficult for vegetation to grow normally; if the slope protection structure is used for fixation, the cost will be too high and it will affect the growth of vegetation.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a partition-coupled self-organized ecological carbon fixation river slope construction method, the construction method comprises the following steps: Step 1: The river bank is divided into two levels of slopes, the upper slope is recorded as the upper slope protection belt, and the lower slope is recorded as the lower slope protection belt; the foot of the lower slope protection belt and the platform between the two slopes are leveled to form a temporary construction road; Step 2: Use the temporary construction road as a construction platform to level the river bank so that soil erosion can be controlled by the terrain before the meadow grows; Step 3: Raise the temporary construction road below to form a water collection weir, and dig seepage ditches on the side of the water collection weir away from the river channel and on both sides of the construction road above, so that the water flowing down the upper and lower slope protection belts can infiltrate into the lower slope protection belt along the seepage ditches; Step 4: According to the potential aboveground biomass of plants in the upper and lower slope protection belts, determine the climax community that may be formed after succession, and design plant combinations suitable for the upper and lower slope protection belts, respectively. The plant combinations meet the following conditions: Condition 4.1: Contains all dominant species in a climax community that can be formed at this level; Condition 4.2: The plant combination corresponding to the upper slope protection belt is a transitional species or a subset of the plant combination corresponding to the lower slope protection belt; Condition 4.3: The plant assemblage corresponding to the upper slope protection belt and the plant assemblage corresponding to the lower slope protection belt both contain at least one perennial ground-dwelling herbaceous plant, the climax community corresponding to the lower slope protection belt contains at least one tree and one shrub, and in the two climax communities formed, the herbaceous plants grow as meadows; Condition 4.4: All plants in the plant assemblage are non-invasive species; Step 5: Plant plant combinations in the upper slope protection belt and the lower slope protection belt respectively according to the plant number ratio in the corresponding climax community; Step 6: Set up steps on the side of the weir away from the river channel, and plant emergent plants on the stepped drawdown platform to form a stepped drawdown platform.

[0009] Furthermore, in step 3, the composite fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight method is used to calculate the Euclidean fit when slope, aspect, altitude, slope position, soil thickness, bulk density, texture, soil organic matter content, and soil moisture content are used as independent variables and plant aboveground biomass is used as the dependent variable, and the Euclidean fit is used to characterize the potential plant aboveground biomass; The aboveground plant biomass is the aboveground plant biomass of a plot of land with consistent independent variables of the composite fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight method in an area adjacent to the river bank to be treated and with intact vegetation.

[0010] Furthermore, in step 3, different climax communities are first found from areas adjacent to the riverbank to be treated and where the vegetation is not damaged, and the Euclidean fit corresponding to the lower limit of the aboveground biomass of plants in different climax communities is obtained, which is recorded as the lower limit fit; Obtain the Euclidean fit of the upper slope protection belt, record it as the upper fit, find out the climax community corresponding to the maximum value of each lower limit fit that is less than the upper fit, and take it as the climax community that can be formed on the upper slope protection belt; Obtain the Euclidean fit of the lower slope protection belt, recorded as the lower fit; find out the climax community corresponding to the maximum value of each lower limit fit that is less than the lower fit, as the climax community that can be formed on the lower slope protection belt.

[0011] Furthermore, the plant combination in the upper slope protection belt includes bermudagrass and zoysiagrass; the plant combination in the lower slope protection belt includes bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, crape myrtle and willow.

[0012] Furthermore, in step 2, the platform between the two slopes is used as a construction road, and an excavator is used to brush the slope. The excavator bucket teeth are used to form grooves arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the river on the upper slope protection belt and the lower slope protection belt. The grooves extend downward from the top of the slope and are used to quickly drain water before vegetation grows up; after brushing the slope, fish scale pits are prepared.

[0013] Furthermore, in step five, the herbaceous plants in the plant combination are transplanted in the trenches by half-burying them in the topsoil in the form of straw ropes, and the shrubs and trees are sown or transplanted in the fish scale pits.

[0014] Furthermore, in step six, the stairs are built with ecological bricks, a walkway with guardrails is set up on the top of the stairs, and the temporary construction road between the two slopes is transformed into a walkway, which is used as a viewing platform.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper slope protection belt is a convex slope, and the lower slope protection belt is a concave slope; the seepage ditch is a ditch with water filtration material laid inside and used for precipitation infiltration.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the method for constructing ecological carbon-fixing river slopes by partitioned coupling self-organization has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, a graded slope reduction method is adopted, in combination with infiltration ditches and water collection weirs, to concentrate the water resources of the surface soil on the river bank in the lower slope protection belt, while maintaining the surface soil moisture content in the upper slope protection belt at a stable low level, thereby reducing the fluctuation of the surface soil moisture content on the river bank; a composite fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight method is used to calculate the Euclidean fit when the index affecting vegetation growth on the two slope protection belts is used as the independent variable and the aboveground biomass of plants in adjacent areas where vegetation is not damaged is used as the dependent variable, and the Euclidean fit is used to measure the potential aboveground biomass of plants in different partitions of difficult sites. The type of climax community formed after the vegetation in the slope protection belt is fully restored is judged by the potential aboveground biomass of plants, so as to screen out the plant combination that is fully adapted to the river bank microenvironment, and then cooperate with meadow plants and initial land preparation to prevent the plant propagules from being washed away. The combination of the above points can make the planted plants grow normally on the river bank with exposed land, and spontaneously organize into a stable plant community, making full use of the natural endowment of the river bank to complete ecological carbon fixation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for constructing ecological carbon-fixing river slopes by partitioned coupling self-organization according to the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a river bank using a partition-coupled self-organized ecological carbon fixation river slope construction method of the present invention; In the figure, 1-upper slope protection belt, 2-lower slope protection belt, 3-walkway, 4-seepage ditch, 5-water collection weir, 6-step drawdown platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Note that the present invention is applicable to river banks with a certain slope. If the river surface is almost flush with the surrounding ground (a typical case is a small river in a forest), the problem to be solved in the present invention does not exist and there is no need to use the present invention.

[0019] Taking the Xiong'an New Area Basin Ecological Health Protection and Quality Improvement Technology System Project: Serving the Comprehensive Management of Small Watersheds and Difficult Site Ecological Restoration Technology Demonstration as an example, Figure 1-2 As shown, a partition-coupled self-organized ecological carbon fixation river slope construction method comprises the following steps: Step 1: The river bank is divided into two levels of slopes, the upper slope is recorded as the upper slope protection belt, and the lower slope is recorded as the lower slope protection belt; the foot of the lower slope protection belt and the platform between the two slopes are leveled to form a temporary construction road; During the slope brushing process, the excavator needs a stable platform. Temporary construction roads are set up at these two locations as platforms for the excavator to operate, so that each level of the slope can be reached by the excavators at the upper and lower positions, thereby speeding up the construction progress and avoiding the use of less common long-arm excavators.

[0020] Step 2: Use the temporary construction road as a construction platform to level the river bank so that soil erosion can be controlled by the terrain before the meadow grows; Through land preparation, soil erosion can be curbed in a shorter period of time. After the vegetation grows up, meadows can be used to curb soil erosion.

[0021] Step 3: Raise the temporary construction road below to form a water collection weir, and dig seepage ditches on the side of the water collection weir away from the river channel and on both sides of the construction road above, so that the water flowing down the upper and lower slope protection belts can infiltrate into the lower slope protection belt along the seepage ditches; The structure here makes the moisture content of the topsoil change in a step-like manner, which facilitates the formation of two different communities. If it changes continuously, it will be difficult to design later. Of course, the upper slope protection belt here is not completely unable to use precipitation, but most of the precipitation infiltrates into the lower slope protection belt.

[0022] Step 4: According to the potential aboveground biomass of plants in the upper and lower slope protection belts, determine the climax community that may be formed after succession, and design plant combinations suitable for the upper and lower slope protection belts respectively; It is very difficult to predict which plants are suitable for growth based on natural endowments, but another approach is used here to solve this problem. Since the plant population type is related to the plant aboveground biomass, different types of populations have different plant aboveground biomass, and there are step changes between each other. The potential plant aboveground biomass (that is, the amount of plants that can be grown per unit area of ​​the surface after the vegetation on a piece of bare land is fully restored by its natural endowment) can be calculated using the methods we will mention later, so as to predict which plants are suitable for growth. That is: natural endowment - Euclidean fit - potential plant aboveground biomass - top community type - plant type in the community.

[0023] The plant combination meets the following conditions: Condition 4.1: Contains all dominant species in a climax community that can be formed at this level; When restoring vegetation, it is impossible to plant all the plants in a community, but if the dominant species are cultivated artificially, they can have most of the functions of an ecosystem that includes all plants. The reason for selecting the dominant species in the climax community is to ensure that the community can reach a stable state in the future.

[0024] Condition 4.2: The plant assemblage corresponding to the upper slope protection belt is a transitional species (transitional species in the succession process) or a subset of the plant assemblage corresponding to the lower slope protection belt (that is, the plant assemblage corresponding to the upper slope protection belt is a part of the plant assemblage corresponding to the lower slope protection belt); In this way, the plants in the upper slope protection belt can be supplemented to the lower slope protection belt later. Because the succession time of the lower slope protection belt is longer (the climax community level is higher), the upper slope protection belt forms a stable community first. At this time, supplementing the lower slope protection belt is conducive to its subsequent succession.

[0025] Condition 4.3: The plant assemblage corresponding to the upper slope protection belt and the plant assemblage corresponding to the lower slope protection belt both contain at least one perennial herbaceous plant, and the climax community corresponding to the lower slope protection belt contains at least one tree and one shrub (because of better natural endowment), and in the two climax communities formed, the herbaceous plants grow as meadows; Perennial herbaceous plants that grow close to the ground are difficult to be washed away after planting. They are also easy to weave into living grass ropes, which not only facilitates transplanting, but also further increases the difficulty of being washed away. Herbaceous plants grow into meadows in order to effectively protect slopes after the plant community is formed.

[0026] Condition 4.4: All plants in the plant assemblage are non-invasive species.

[0027] Although this point may seem redundant to say, in practice we find that it is easy to overlook this point when screening plant combinations from the database, so it is emphasized here.

[0028] Step 5: Plant plant combinations in the upper slope protection belt and the lower slope protection belt respectively according to the plant number ratio in the corresponding climax community; You can either sow or transplant here, but it is best to transplant. If you want to sow, it is best to choose a season with less rainfall.

[0029] Step 6: Set up steps on the side of the weir away from the river channel, and plant emergent plants on the stepped drawdown platform to form a stepped drawdown platform.

[0030] The stepped drawdown platform is used to mitigate the impact of river water on the riverbank, and planting emergent plants can further enhance the mitigation effect. However, since emergent plants can easily form relatively stable communities with a single species, such as a large area of ​​reed marshes, there is no requirement for the plant species here, and reeds are selected by default.

[0031] In step 3, the composite fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight method is used to calculate the Euclidean fit when slope, slope aspect, altitude, slope position, soil thickness, bulk density, texture, soil organic matter content, and soil moisture content are used as independent variables and plant aboveground biomass is used as the dependent variable, and the Euclidean fit is used to characterize the potential plant aboveground biomass; The aboveground biomass of plants is the aboveground biomass of plants in the area adjacent to the river bank to be treated and where the vegetation is not damaged, and the independent variables of the composite fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight method are consistent.

[0032] This method takes into account the distribution and uncertainty of each indicator data, and can comprehensively consider the diversity of data; it can effectively avoid the influence of subjective factors on weights, and calculate weights through the characteristics of the data itself; it has a wide range of applications, does not require linear relationships between indicators, and can handle nonlinear multi-indicator evaluation problems. The fuzzy matter-element method can handle situations where there is fuzziness and uncertainty between indicators, and is more suitable for fuzzy and unclear situations in practical problems; it can better handle the correlation between indicators, and has better applicability for indicators with strong correlation; it can better simulate practical problems through the combined use of fuzzy sets and matter-element, and improve the applicability and accuracy of comprehensive evaluation.

[0033] The specific implementation process of the law is as follows: 1. Composite fuzzy matter-element 1.1 Fuzzy matter-element and compound fuzzy matter-element In matter-element analysis, a matter-element RM (c, x) consists of the name of the thing M, its feature c and its value. Kang Wenni et al., 2020 If a thing M is given, it consists of n features and their corresponding fuzzy values, then these m n-dimensional fuzzy matter-elements can constitute a composite fuzzy matter-element R mn Tang Shuo et al., 2012, the specific formula is as follows: (1) 1.2 According to the principle of optimal membership, describe the membership degree of the fuzzy values ​​corresponding to each evaluation indicator.

[0034] The bigger the better. Positive indicators: (2) The smaller the better the indicator, the reverse indicator: (3) Where: u ij For the i Type j The value corresponding to each indicator; for i Type j The maximum and minimum values ​​of all the values ​​corresponding to an indicator.

[0035] Thus, we can construct the optimal membership fuzzy matter-element R' mn (4) R' mn The maximum or minimum value of the optimal membership of each index in the standard fuzzy matter element R is established 0n If the square of the difference between the standard fuzzy matter-element and the optimal membership fuzzy matter-element is Δ ij , that is, Δ ij =(μ0j -μ ij ) 2 , then the square difference composite fuzzy element R Δ , which can be expressed as: (5) 2. Entropy Weight Method 2.1 Constructing the original judgment matrix R of m evaluation objects and n evaluation indicators R= (i=1, 2,…m; j=1, 2,…n) (6) 2.2 Normalize the judgment matrix to obtain the normalized judgment matrix A.

[0036] Positive indicators (7) Reverse Indicator (8) In the formula, a ij For r ij After normalization, the data ij ∈[0,1] 2.3 Calculate the index entropy value (9) in (10) 2.4 Calculation of index entropy weight W (11) In the formula, , w j ≥0 2.5 European closeness and comprehensive evaluation Closeness ρ Hi Indicates the closeness between the sample and the standard sample. The larger the value, the closer it is to the optimal value: (12) By cleaning the data, processing missing values ​​and standardizing the data, and then calculating the weight of each indicator through the standardized data, further calculating the information entropy and entropy weight, we finally get the weight of each indicator and calculate the Euclidean fit.

[0037] In step 3, different climax communities are first found in the areas adjacent to the riverbank to be treated and where the vegetation is not damaged, and the Euclidean fit corresponding to the lower limit of the aboveground biomass of plants in different climax communities is obtained, which is recorded as the lower limit fit; Obtain the Euclidean fit of the upper slope protection belt, record it as the upper fit, find out the climax community corresponding to the maximum value of each lower limit fit that is less than the upper fit, and take it as the climax community that can be formed on the upper slope protection belt; Obtain the Euclidean fit of the lower slope protection belt, recorded as the lower fit; find out the climax community corresponding to the maximum value of each lower limit fit that is less than the lower fit, as the climax community that can be formed on the lower slope protection belt.

[0038] That is to say, we first find various climax communities from adjacent areas with fully grown vegetation (preferably river banks), compare them with the potential aboveground biomass of plants in the upper and lower slope protection belts, determine which climax communities can be formed in the upper and lower slope protection belts respectively, and then find the ones with the largest potential aboveground biomass of plants from the top communities that can be formed.

[0039] The plant combination in the upper slope protection belt includes bermudagrass and zoysiagrass; the plant combination in the lower slope protection belt includes bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, crape myrtle and willow.

[0040] Bermuda grass and Zoysia are perennial creepers that grow close to the ground. They can be woven into living ropes for transplanting and can grow into meadows. Crape myrtle is a plant that can adapt from small shrubs to large trees and can adapt from dry land to flooded land. It also has a certain ornamental value and is suitable for this changing microenvironment. Willow is the most classic riverside tree and is extremely resistant to waterlogging. You can plant a row of willows at the lowest point of the river bank close to the water collection weir to reinforce the water collection weir.

[0041] In step two, the platform between the two slopes is used as the construction road, and the slope is brushed by an excavator. The bucket teeth of the excavator are used to form grooves arranged at intervals along the direction of the river on the upper and lower slope protection belts. The grooves extend downward from the top of the slope and are used to quickly drain water before vegetation grows up. After brushing the slope, fish scale pits are carried out for land preparation.

[0042] In step five, the herbaceous plants in the plant combination are transplanted in the trenches by half-burying them in the topsoil in the form of straw ropes, and the shrubs and trees are sown or transplanted in the fish scale pits.

[0043] Fish scale pits are basically free of erosion, so they can be sown. Of course, it is better to transplant seedlings to shorten the growth time.

[0044] In step six, the stairs are built with ecological bricks, a walkway with guardrails is set up at the top of the stairs, and the temporary construction road between the two slopes is transformed into a walkway, which is used as a viewing platform.

[0045] This operation does not directly help the ecological effect of the slope, but it can be coordinated with another trail to reduce the trampling of vegetation by tourists.

[0046] In this embodiment, the upper slope protection belt is a convex slope, thereby further preventing water from staying in the upper slope protection belt; the lower slope protection belt is a concave slope, thereby further promoting water to stay in the lower slope protection belt.

[0047] The seepage ditch is a ditch with water filtering material inside for the infiltration of precipitation. In this embodiment, pebbles are selected to achieve a certain landscape effect.

[0048] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementation modes of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for creating ecological carbon-fixing river slopes by zone-coupled self-organization, characterized in that: The construction method comprises the following steps: Step 1: The river bank is sloped in two levels, the upper slope is recorded as the upper slope protection belt (1), and the lower slope is recorded as the lower slope protection belt (2); the foot of the lower slope protection belt (2) and the platform between the two slopes are leveled to form a temporary construction road; Step 2: Use the temporary construction road as a construction platform to level the river bank so that soil erosion can be controlled by the terrain before the meadow grows; Step 3: raising the temporary construction road below to form a water collection weir (5), and digging seepage ditches (4) on the side of the water collection weir (5) away from the river channel and on both sides of the construction road above, so that the water flowing down along the upper slope protection belt (1) and the lower slope protection belt (2) can all seep into the lower slope protection belt (2) along the seepage ditches (4); Step 4: Based on the potential aboveground biomass of plants in the upper slope protection belt (1) and the lower slope protection belt (2), determine the climax community that may be formed after succession, and design plant combinations suitable for the upper slope protection belt (1) and the lower slope protection belt (2), respectively. The plant combinations meet the following conditions: Condition 4.1: Contains all dominant species in a climax community that can be formed at this level; Condition 4.2: The plant combination corresponding to the upper slope protection belt (1) is a transitional species or a subset of the plant combination corresponding to the lower slope protection belt (2); Condition 4.3: The plant assemblage corresponding to the upper slope protection belt (1) and the plant assemblage corresponding to the lower slope protection belt (2) both contain at least one perennial ground-dwelling herbaceous plant, the climax community corresponding to the lower slope protection belt (2) contains at least one tree and one shrub, and in the two climax communities formed, the herbaceous plants grow as meadows; Condition 4.4: All plants in the plant assemblage are non-invasive species; Step 5: Planting plant combinations in the upper slope protection belt (1) and the lower slope protection belt (2) respectively according to the plant number ratio in the corresponding climax community; Step 6: A step is set on the side of the water collection weir (5) away from the river channel, and emergent plants are planted on the step drawdown platform (6) to form a step drawdown platform (6).

2. The method for constructing ecological carbon-fixing river slopes by zone-coupled self-organization according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 3, the composite fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight method is used to calculate the Euclidean fit when slope, slope aspect, altitude, slope position, soil thickness, bulk density, texture, soil organic matter content, and soil moisture content are used as independent variables and plant aboveground biomass is used as the dependent variable, and the Euclidean fit is used to characterize the potential plant aboveground biomass; The aboveground plant biomass is the aboveground plant biomass of a plot of land with consistent independent variables of the composite fuzzy matter-element-entropy weight method in an area adjacent to the river bank to be treated and with intact vegetation.

3. The method for constructing ecological carbon-fixing river slopes by zone-coupled self-organization according to claim 2 is characterized by: In step 3, different climax communities are first found in the areas adjacent to the riverbank to be treated and where the vegetation is not damaged, and the Euclidean fit corresponding to the lower limit of the aboveground biomass of plants in different climax communities is obtained, which is recorded as the lower limit fit; Obtain the Euclidean fit of the upper slope protection belt (1), record it as the upper fit, find out the climax community corresponding to the maximum value of each lower limit fit that is less than the upper fit, and take it as the climax community that can be formed on the upper slope protection belt (1); The Euclidean fit of the lower slope protection belt (2) is obtained, recorded as the lower fit; the apex community corresponding to the maximum value of each lower limit fit that is less than the lower fit is found as the apex community that can be formed on the lower slope protection belt (2).

4. The method for constructing ecological carbon-fixing river slopes by zone-coupled self-organization according to claim 3 is characterized by: The plant combination in the upper slope protection belt (1) includes bermudagrass and zoysiagrass; the plant combination in the lower slope protection belt (2) includes bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, crape myrtle and willow.

5. The method for constructing ecological carbon-fixing river slopes by zone-coupled self-organization according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 2, the platform between the two slopes is used as a construction road, and an excavator is used to brush the slope. The bucket teeth of the excavator are used to form grooves arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the river on the upper slope protection belt (1) and the lower slope protection belt (2). The grooves extend downward from the top of the slope and are used to quickly drain water before vegetation grows. After brushing the slope, fish scale pits are prepared.

6. The method for constructing ecological carbon-fixing river slopes by zone-coupled self-organization according to claim 5 is characterized by: In step five, the herbaceous plants in the plant combination are transplanted in the trenches by half-burying them in the topsoil in the form of straw ropes, and the shrubs and trees are sown or transplanted in the fish scale pits.

7. The method for constructing ecological carbon-fixing river slopes by zone-coupled self-organization according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step six, the stairs are built with ecological bricks, a walkway (3) with guardrails is set at the top of the stairs, and the temporary construction road between the two slopes is transformed into a walkway (3), and the walkway (3) is used as a viewing platform.

8. The method for constructing ecological carbon-fixing river slopes by zoned coupling self-organization according to claim 1 is characterized by: The upper slope protection belt (1) is a convex slope, and the lower slope protection belt (2) is a concave slope; the seepage ditch (4) is a ditch with a water filter material inside and used for precipitation infiltration.

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