Slope structure suitable for expressway in high-water-level area and construction method of slope structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a slope structure suitable for an expressway in a high-water-level area and a construction method of the slope structure. The technical problem that in the prior art, the reinforcement and drainage effects are poor is solved. The slope structure comprises a first slope surface, a first platform, a second slope surface, a second platform, a third slope surface and a third platform which are sequentially distributed from bottom to top. The gradient is as follows: the first slope, the second slope and the third slope; according to the transverse length, the first slope is larger than the second slope and larger than the third slope, and the first platform is larger than the second platform and larger than the third platform; a drainage structure is arranged on the first slope surface; water guide structures are arranged on the second slope surface and the third slope surface; waterproof structures are arranged on the first platform and the second platform; and a grouting structure is arranged on the third platform. The slope structure has high adaptability and practicability, the functions of the slope surfaces and the platforms are focused, and a comprehensive protection system formed by compounding multiple measures such as water drainage, water guide, water prevention and reinforcement can effectively cope with the complex hydrogeological environment of a high-water-level area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of highway slopes in high-water-level areas, and in particular to a slope structure suitable for highways in high-water-level areas and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Generally speaking, areas with an annual average groundwater level of more than 2 meters or obvious seasonal changes in groundwater levels, and areas with large water level changes due to factors such as tides and seasonal precipitation, can be classified as high-water areas. High water levels will have a significant impact on the stability of the roadbed and slopes of highways, increasing the risk of disasters such as landslides and scours. For example, increased seepage pressure may lead to problems such as roadbed settlement and pipeline damage; drainage is difficult, and surface waterlogging is serious, affecting road use and driving safety. Therefore, high-water areas need to take special measures in roadbed design, slope protection, etc. to ensure the long-term safety and stability of highway infrastructure.

[0003] The existing slope structure in high water level areas usually uses concrete blocks directly spliced ​​into a mesh on the surface of the soil foundation to form cavities and drainage grooves, and then fill the cavities with vegetation or gravel. In this conventional slope structure, concrete blocks and filled vegetation or gravel cannot effectively prevent the sliding and scouring of the soil, so there is a lack of reinforcement measures for the soil foundation itself, and the risk of landslides cannot be reduced. In terms of drainage, drainage pipes are usually buried inside the soil foundation to drain the accumulated water inside the soil foundation. However, the drainage pipes buried inside the soil foundation are easily blocked by silt, and the drainage effect is poor. Moreover, relying solely on the internal drainage pipes cannot effectively control the seepage pressure inside the slope, further exacerbating the risk of landslides. Therefore, for the slope design in high water level areas, we cannot simply rely on the traditional concrete block laying method, but need to fundamentally solve the drainage and reinforcement problems and take more systematic and comprehensive measures. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a slope structure suitable for highways in high water level areas and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems of poor reinforcement and drainage effects in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a slope structure suitable for highways in high water level areas is provided, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0006] The slope structure is suitable for expressways in high water level areas, including the first slope, the first platform, the second slope, the second platform, the third slope and the third platform, which are distributed in sequence from bottom to top; the slope is: the first slope> the second slope> the third slope; the horizontal length is: the first slope> the second slope> the third slope, the first platform> the second platform> the third platform; a drainage structure is arranged on the first slope; a water guiding structure is arranged on the second slope and the third slope; a waterproof structure is arranged on the first platform and the second platform; and a grouting structure is arranged on the third platform.

[0007] The slope structure design of the highway provided by the present invention, which is suitable for high-water-level areas, combines different slopes, platforms and corresponding protection and drainage, water diversion, grouting and other measures, and has the following obvious advantages: (1) Optimized slope design: The design of decreasing slope can effectively disperse the pressure of surface water and groundwater, avoid excessive concentration of water flow and ground load on a certain slope, thereby reducing the risk of landslide and collapse; the gentler slope at high places helps to improve the stability of the slope and reduce the erosion of water flow on the slope. (2) Optimized length design: The design of decreasing lateral length can reduce the degree of erosion of water flow on the high slope, and also help to disperse the pressure of water flow on the entire slope structure, thereby reducing the risk of landslide. (3) Drainage structure position: Setting a drainage structure on the low slope can quickly drain water sources such as surface water and groundwater, which helps to reduce water retention in the soil foundation and avoid water infiltration causing the slope to be slippery and unstable, thereby reducing the risk of landslide caused by water accumulation. (4) Location of water diversion structure: The water diversion structure can divert surface water or groundwater, help reduce water accumulation in the slope, avoid the negative impact of water flow on the slope, especially on the second and third slopes, which are gentler, prevent slope erosion or local sliding caused by water flow, and enhance the anti-slip stability of the slope. (5) Waterproof design: The first and second platforms are the buffer zones of the slope. The waterproof structure can effectively isolate water from entering the platform layer, prevent water seepage from the platform layer from causing softening and sliding of the soil under the platform, especially in high water level areas, which can significantly reduce water penetration and maintain the stability of the platform. (6) Location of grouting structure: Grouting treatment can improve the impermeability and stability of the platform and its underlying soil, especially in the high third platform area. The grouting structure helps to strengthen the soil, close the water flow channel, further improve the stability of the entire slope, and prevent the platform or slope from becoming unstable due to water erosion.

[0008] In summary, the slope structure of the present invention has strong adaptability and practicality. The functions of each slope and platform have their own emphasis. The comprehensive protection system composed of multiple measures such as drainage, water diversion, waterproofing, and reinforcement can effectively cope with the complex hydrogeological environment in high-water-level areas. Whether it is dealing with large precipitation, high groundwater levels, or possible landslides and collapse risks, this design can effectively reduce the impact of these factors on slope safety and ensure the safety of highway operations to the greatest extent.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned slope structure suitable for highways in high water level areas: the slope of the first slope is 50-63°, the slope of the second slope is 33-45°, and the slope of the third slope is 21-30°; the lateral lengths of the second and third slopes decrease by 10-30% based on the lateral length of the first slope; the lateral lengths of the second and third platforms decrease by 10-30% based on the lateral length of the first platform.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned slope structure suitable for highways in high-water-level areas: the drainage structure includes a porous metal layer laid on the surface of the soil foundation, a sprayed concrete layer, and a drainage pipe arranged horizontally inside the soil foundation. Preferably, the drainage pipe includes a porous stainless steel cylinder and a sintered metal filter cylinder nested from outside to inside; the drainage structure also includes reinforcing ribs arranged in the soil foundation. As a result, the construction is simple, the drainage effect is good, and the service life is long.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned slope structure suitable for highways in high-water-level areas: the water-conducting structure comprises: a first concrete grid, the first concrete grid having a cavity and a mesh-like water-conducting groove formed by splicing first concrete blocks; a porous water-conducting layer, the porous water-conducting layer is laid on the soil base, and the porous water-conducting layer is formed by accumulation of granular matter; preferably, the porous water-conducting layer has a thickness of 3 to 5 cm and is formed by accumulation of gravel with a particle size of 1 to 3 cm; a first filter layer, the first filter layer is laid on the porous water-conducting layer; the first concrete grid is laid on the first filter layer; preferably, the first filter layer is a metal screen with a thickness of 2 to 5 mm and a mesh size of 6 to 12; a water-blocking layer, the water-blocking layer is arranged above the cavity, and the surroundings of the water-blocking layer are connected to the adjacent first concrete blocks; preferably Optionally, the water blocking layer has a flange that matches the inner wall of the cavity, a through hole is provided on the outer edge of the water blocking layer, and a bolt assembly that matches the through hole is provided on the first concrete block; a water guiding mechanism, the water guiding mechanism is used to guide the clear liquid in the cavity that has been filtered by the first filter layer into the mesh water guiding groove; the water guiding mechanism includes a water guiding channel opened on the first concrete block and connecting the cavity and the mesh water guiding groove; a first fixing mechanism, the first fixing mechanism includes first rod bodies arranged at intervals, the first rod bodies pass through the first concrete block, the first filter layer and the porous water guiding layer and then extend into the soil foundation, and the top of the first rod body is fastened to the first concrete block with a nut; preferably, the first fixing mechanism also includes a sleeve welded to the first filter layer and the first rod body, and the bottom of the first concrete block is provided with a groove that matches the sleeve.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned slope structure suitable for highways in high water level areas: the water guide channel includes a straight pipe section and a tapered pipe section arranged in sequence along the flow direction of the clear liquid; the water guide mechanism also includes a second filter layer arranged on the outside of the tapered pipe section, the upper and lower ends of the second filter layer are respectively pressed by the water blocking layer and the first concrete block, and the second filter layer is a metal screen with a thickness of 2 to 5 mm and a mesh number of 14 to 28.

[0013] First, each structural layer in the water-conducting structure has a special function, specifically: (1) The porous water-conducting layer is formed by the accumulation of particles (such as gravel) to form a permeable layer, which effectively guides the accumulated water into the cavity, reduces the humidity of the soil foundation, and reduces the erosion of the soil foundation by water. (2) The first filter layer plays a filtering role, preventing soil particles from entering the cavity and ensuring that the clear liquid is discharged smoothly from the water-conducting mechanism. (3) The first concrete grid is composed of the first concrete blocks spliced ​​together to form a solid grid structure to provide structural strength and stability, and form a mesh water-conducting groove to guide the accumulated water outflow and prevent soil erosion. (4) The second filter layer can further filter water and prevent soil particles from flowing out of the slope, ensuring the smooth flow of water and the durability of the water-conducting effect. (5) After isolating external water, soil particles and the water-conducting structure, the water-blocking layer and the first concrete block form a cavity for storing and regulating water pressure to ensure the stability of the water-conducting mechanism. (6) The water-conducting mechanism drains the filtered clear liquid into the mesh water-conducting groove, discharges the water in the cavity, and keeps the slope dry. (7) The first rod in the first fixing mechanism can firmly fix the first concrete grid and other structural layers on the soil foundation, thereby ensuring the stability of the water-conducting structure on the soil foundation.

[0014] Secondly, the design and function of each structural layer in the water-conducting structure complement each other and jointly ensure the stability, durability and safety of the highway slope in high-water-level areas. Specifically: (1) The design adopts a multi-layer composite material, and each layer of material plays a different role, such as water conduction, filtration, and anti-seepage, to ensure the stability and durability of the water conduction and extend the service life of the slope structure. (2) Through the porous water-conducting layer and the first filter layer, the seepage water can be quickly and effectively discharged to prevent the slope from landslides or structural instability due to increased water pressure; combined with the design of the cavity and water-conducting mechanism, the water-conducting efficiency is improved and the destructive force of water pressure on the slope structure is dispersed. (3) The multi-point fixing design of the first rod body in the first fixing mechanism can firmly fix the entire water-conducting structure on the soil foundation; through the combination of the first filter layer, the porous water-conducting layer and the soil foundation, the anti-slip performance of the water-conducting structure is enhanced, which helps to improve the support capacity of the final slope structure.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned slope structure suitable for highways in high-water-level areas: the waterproof structure includes a waterproof layer laid on the surface of the soil foundation, a second concrete grid and a second fixing mechanism arranged vertically; the second concrete grid has a transverse drainage groove formed by second concrete blocks and arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slope surface, and the transversely adjacent second concrete blocks are inserted and connected; the second fixing mechanism includes second rods arranged at intervals, the lower ends of the second rods sequentially pass through the second concrete grid and the waterproof layer and then extend into the soil foundation, and the top of the second rod passes through the second concrete grid and is fastened with a nut. As a result, the construction is simple, the waterproof effect is good, and the service life is long.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned slope structure suitable for highways in high-water-level areas: the grouting structure includes a waterproof layer laid on the surface of the soil foundation, a third concrete grid and a vertically arranged grouting mechanism; the third concrete grid has a transverse drainage groove formed by splicing third concrete blocks and arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slope surface, and the transversely adjacent third concrete blocks are inserted and connected; the grouting mechanism includes grouting pipes arranged at intervals, the lower ends of the grouting pipes sequentially pass through the third concrete grid and the waterproof layer and then extend into the soil foundation, and the top of the grouting pipe passes through the third concrete grid and is fastened with a nut. As a result, the construction is simple, the anchoring effect is good, and the service life is long.

[0017] In order to achieve the above object, according to a second aspect of the present invention, a construction method for a slope structure of a highway in a high water level area is provided, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0018] The construction method of the slope structure suitable for highways in high water level areas described in the first aspect above includes the following steps: constructing a first slope surface, a first platform, a second slope surface, a second platform, a third slope surface and a third platform according to the requirements of slope gradient and length; and constructing a grouting structure, a drainage structure, a waterproof structure and a water guiding structure in sequence.

[0019] The construction method of the slope structure of the present invention is to successively construct grouting, drainage, waterproofing and water-conducting structures. First, the grouting structure is constructed to reinforce the soil and enhance the stability of the slope. Then, the drainage structure is constructed to remove excess moisture and avoid the risk of landslides caused by moisture retention. Then, the waterproofing structure and the water-conducting structure are constructed to strengthen the protection of the slope from two aspects of preventing moisture penetration and guiding water flow. Therefore, it is ensured that the function of each structure is exerted in a timely manner, and the influence of different functions on the stability and safety of the structure can be gradually resolved during the construction process.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned construction method of the slope structure applicable to highways in high water level areas: the construction of the water diversion structure includes the following steps:

[0021] Spread granular material on the soil base and compact it to form a porous water-conducting layer;

[0022] Laying a first filter layer on the porous water-conducting layer, and pre-fixing the first filter layer with latches around the periphery;

[0023] Drilling a hole, then inserting the first rod body and welding and fixing it to the first filter layer;

[0024] The construction of the water-conducting structure is completed by laying the first concrete grid and the water-blocking layer in sequence.

[0025] In summary, the layered composite structure of the slope structure of the present invention is novel in design concept, fully considering the characteristics of the slope in high water level areas, and realizing a systematic solution to the problem of slope water accumulation from multiple aspects such as drainage, waterproofing, water conduction, reinforcement, etc., and has a simple structure, low cost, convenient construction, and extremely strong practicality.

[0026] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, partially become apparent from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to assist in understanding the present invention. The contents provided in the drawings and their related descriptions in the present invention can be used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the slope structure of the present invention applicable to expressways in high water level areas.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a partial side view of the drainage structure in the slope structure of the highway in the high water level area according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a partial front view of the drainage structure in the slope structure of the highway in the high water level area according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a partial side view of the water-conducting structure in the slope structure of the highway suitable for high-water-level areas according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 It is a partially enlarged side view of the water-conducting structure in the slope structure of the highway suitable for high-water-level areas according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 It is a partial front view of the water-conducting structure in the slope structure of the highway suitable for high water level areas according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 It is a partial lateral side view of the waterproof structure in the slope structure of the highway suitable for high water level area of ​​the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 It is a partial longitudinal side view of the waterproof structure in the slope structure of the highway suitable for high water level area of ​​the present invention.

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a partial front view of the waterproof structure in the slope structure of the highway suitable for high water level area of ​​the present invention.

[0037] The relevant marks in the above drawings are:

[0038] 110-first slope, 210-first platform, 120-second slope, 220-second platform, 130-third slope, 230-third platform, 300-drainage structure, 400-water guide structure, 500-waterproof structure, 600-grouting structure, 310-porous metal layer, 320-sprayed concrete layer, 330-drainage pipe, 331-porous stainless steel cylinder, 332-sintered metal filter cylinder, 340-reinforcement ribs , 410-first concrete block, 411-mesh water-conducting groove, 412-bolt assembly, 420-porous water-conducting layer, 430-first filter layer, 440-water blocking layer, 450-cavity, 460-first rod body, 461-sleeve, 470-straight pipe section, 471-conical pipe section, 472-second filter layer, 510-waterproof layer, 521-second concrete block, 522-lateral drainage groove, 530-second rod body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. A person skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. Before describing the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it should be particularly noted that:

[0040] The technical solutions and technical features provided in each part of the present invention, including the following description, may be combined with each other if there is no conflict.

[0041] In addition, the embodiments of the present invention involved in the following description are generally only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Therefore, based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] About the terms and units in the present invention: The terms "include", "have" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of the present invention and related parts are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the slope structure of the present invention applicable to expressways in high water level areas.

[0044] like Figure 1The slope structure shown in the figure, which is suitable for expressways in high water level areas, includes a first slope 110, a first platform 210, a second slope 120, a second platform 220, a third slope 130 and a third platform 230, which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top; a drainage structure 300 is arranged on the first slope 110; a water guiding structure 400 is arranged on the second slope 120 and the third slope 130; a waterproof structure 500 is arranged on the first platform 210 and the second platform 220; and a grouting structure 600 is arranged on the third platform 230.

[0045] Slope: first slope 110 > second slope 120 > third slope 130. Specifically, the slope of the first slope 110 is 50-63°, the slope of the second slope 120 is 33-45°, and the slope of the third slope 130 is 21-30°.

[0046] Transverse length (perpendicular to the direction of the expressway): first slope 110>second slope 120>third slope 130, first platform 210>second platform 220>third platform 230. Specifically, the transverse lengths of the second slope 120 and the third slope 130 decrease by 10 to 30% based on the transverse length of the first slope 110; the transverse lengths of the second platform 220 and the third platform 230 decrease by 10 to 30% based on the transverse length of the first platform 210.

[0047] The total transverse length of the first platform 210, the second platform 220 and the third platform 230 is not included in the total length of the slope. Therefore, for any slope to be reinforced, the length of the third platform 230 is first determined, and then the total length of the slope is measured. Then, the length and slope of each slope surface are determined according to the total length of the slope. The transverse length of the third platform 230 is preferably set to 1 to 1.5 meters. One embodiment is: the transverse length of the first slope surface 110 is 41 meters, and the slope is 55 degrees; the transverse length of the second slope surface 120 is 33 meters, and the slope is 39 degrees; the transverse length of the third slope surface 130 is 26 meters, and the slope is 25 degrees; the transverse length of the first platform is 2 meters, the transverse length of the second platform is 1.6 meters, and the transverse length of the third platform is 1.3 meters.

[0048] Figure 2 It is a partial side view of the drainage structure in the slope structure of the highway in the high water level area according to the present invention. Figure 3 It is a partial front view of the drainage structure in the slope structure of the highway in the high water level area according to the present invention.

[0049] like Figure 2-3The drainage structure 300 shown includes a porous metal layer 310 laid on the surface of the soil foundation, a sprayed concrete layer 320, a drainage pipe 330 arranged horizontally inside the soil foundation, and a reinforcing rib 340 arranged in the soil foundation. The drainage pipe 330 includes a porous stainless steel cylinder 331 (providing a rigid support skeleton) and a sintered metal filter cylinder 332 nested from the outside to the inside.

[0050] Figure 4 It is a partial side view of the water-conducting structure in the slope structure of the highway suitable for high-water-level areas according to the present invention. Figure 5 It is a partially enlarged side view of the water-conducting structure in the slope structure of the highway suitable for high-water-level areas according to the present invention. Figure 6 It is a partial front view of the water-conducting structure in the slope structure of the highway suitable for high water level areas according to the present invention.

[0051] like Figure 4-6 The water-conducting structure 400 shown includes a first concrete grid, a porous water-conducting layer 420, a first filter layer 430, a water-blocking layer 440, a water-conducting mechanism and a first fixing mechanism. The first concrete grid has a cavity 450 and a mesh water-conducting groove 411 formed by splicing first concrete blocks 410. The porous water-conducting layer 420 is laid on the soil foundation, and the porous water-conducting layer 420 is formed by the accumulation of particles. The first filter layer 430 is laid on the porous water-conducting layer 420; the first concrete grid is laid on the first filter layer 430. The water-blocking layer 440 is arranged above the cavity 450, and the surrounding of the water-blocking layer 440 is connected to the adjacent first concrete blocks 410. The water guide mechanism is used to guide the clear liquid in the cavity 450 after being filtered by the first filter layer 430 to the mesh water guide groove 411; the water guide mechanism includes a water guide channel opened on the first concrete block 410 and connecting the cavity 450 and the mesh water guide groove 411. The first fixing mechanism includes first rods 460 arranged at intervals, and the first rods 460 pass through the first concrete block 410, the first filter layer 430 and the porous water guide layer 420 and then extend into the soil foundation. The top of the first rod 460 is fastened to the first concrete block 410 by a nut.

[0052] The thickness of the porous water-conducting layer 420 is 3 to 5 cm, thereby not only providing sufficient space and water-conducting capacity, so that the water in the soil base can quickly flow into the upper cavity 450, reducing the possibility of water accumulation, but also not prone to sedimentation or deformation during use, and can provide sufficient support to ensure long-term effective drainage function. The porous water-conducting layer 420 is formed by piling up gravel with a particle size of 1 to 3 cm. Thus, by controlling the stacking density, a porous water-conducting layer 420 with an average pore size of about 1 to 3 cm can be formed. Compared with fine sand or clay, it can not only more effectively guide and drain water and prevent water from being retained at the slope, but also reduce the clogging problem of fine particles, avoiding the reduction of drainage performance due to clogging of fine particles.

[0053] The water channel includes a straight pipe section 470 and a tapered pipe section 471 arranged in sequence along the clear liquid flow direction, thereby, through the design of variable diameter, the flow pressure of the clear liquid can be further reduced. Preferably, the water channel is only arranged on the upper side of the first concrete block 410 located at the lower side of the cavity 450, so that water can be prevented from flowing into the cavity 450.

[0054] The water guide mechanism also includes a second filter layer 472 disposed outside the cone section 471, and the upper and lower ends of the second filter layer 472 are respectively pressed by the water blocking layer 440 and the first concrete block 410. The first filter layer 430 is a metal screen with a thickness of 2 to 5 mm and a mesh number of 6 to 12 (aperture of 1.4 to 3.35 mm); the second filter layer 472 is a metal screen with a thickness of 2 to 5 mm and a mesh number of 14 to 28 (aperture of 0.6 to 1.18 mm). Thus, the first filter layer 430 and the second filter layer 472 can intercept soil particles of different particle sizes step by step, which helps to maintain the stability of the soil foundation and reduce the water flow pressure.

[0055] The water blocking layer 440 has a flange that matches the inner wall of the cavity 450, thereby achieving a better blocking effect. The water blocking layer 440 has a through hole on its outer edge, and the first concrete block 410 is provided with a bolt assembly 412 (preset on the first concrete block 410) that matches the through hole, thereby enabling quick disassembly and assembly.

[0056] The first fixing mechanism also includes a sleeve 461 welded to the first filter layer 430 and the first rod body 460, and a groove (preset on the first concrete block 410) adapted to the sleeve 461 is provided at the bottom of the first concrete block 410, thereby increasing the connection strength and improving the fixing effect.

[0057] Figure 7 It is a partial lateral side view of the waterproof structure in the slope structure of the highway suitable for high water level area of ​​the present invention. Figure 8It is a partial longitudinal side view of the waterproof structure in the slope structure of the highway suitable for high water level area of ​​the present invention. Fig. 9 It is a partial front view of the waterproof structure in the slope structure of the highway suitable for high water level area of ​​the present invention.

[0058] like Figure 7-9 The waterproof structure 500 shown includes a waterproof layer 510 laid on the surface of the soil foundation, a second concrete grid and a second fixing mechanism arranged vertically; the second concrete grid has a transverse drainage groove 522 formed by splicing second concrete blocks 521 and arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the slope (parallel to the direction of the highway line), and the transversely adjacent second concrete blocks 521 are plug-connected; the second fixing mechanism includes second rod bodies 530 arranged at intervals, the lower ends of the second rod bodies 530 successively pass through the second concrete grid and the waterproof layer 510 and then extend into the soil foundation, and the tops of the second rod bodies 530 pass through the second concrete grid and are fastened with nuts.

[0059] The grouting structure 600 includes a waterproof layer 510 laid on the surface of the soil foundation, a third concrete grid and a vertically arranged grouting mechanism; the third concrete grid has a transverse drainage groove 522 formed by splicing third concrete blocks and arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slope, and the transversely adjacent third concrete blocks are inserted and connected; the grouting mechanism includes grouting pipes arranged at intervals, the lower ends of which pass through the third concrete grid and the waterproof layer 510 in turn and then extend into the soil foundation, and the top of the grouting pipe passes through the third concrete grid and is fastened with a nut. Figure 7-9 Its shape is similar to that of the waterproof structure 500, mainly in that the grouting structure 600 uses a grouting pipe for grouting, while the waterproof structure 500 is anchored by a second rod 530. It is preferred to set a slope of 2 to 5° for the transverse drainage groove 522, so that water can be quickly diverted and drained.

[0060] The first concrete block 411, the second concrete block 521, and the third concrete block have two shapes, namely, U-shaped and plate-shaped, preferably U-shaped, so that they can be quickly spliced ​​into the desired shape. Figure 8 As shown, when there are matching steps or slots between adjacent concrete blocks, the construction efficiency and the overall strength of the concrete grid can be improved.

[0061] The above-mentioned embodiment of the construction method of the slope structure suitable for highways in high-water-level areas includes the following steps: constructing the first slope 110, the first platform 210, the second slope 120, the second platform 220, the third slope 130 and the third platform 230 according to the requirements of the slope and length; constructing the grouting structure 600, the drainage structure 300, the waterproof structure 500 and the water-conducting structure 400 in sequence.

[0062] The construction of the water guide structure 400 includes the following steps:

[0063] Spreading granular material on the soil base and compacting it to form a porous water-conducting layer 420;

[0064] The first filter layer 430 is laid on the porous water-conducting layer 420, and is pre-fixed by using pins around the first filter layer 430; the first filter layer 430 can be formed by overlapping metal screens of smaller sizes, and the overlap width is preferably 2 to 5 cm;

[0065] Drill a hole, then insert the first rod body 460 and weld and fix it with the first filter layer 430;

[0066] The first concrete grid and the water blocking layer 440 are laid in sequence, thus completing the construction of the water conducting structure.

[0067] A variety of soil materials commonly found in high-water-level areas were selected to prepare samples together with the above-mentioned slope structure. The permeability of the samples was tested according to the Geotechnical Test Method Standard (GB / T 50123-2019). The results showed that the permeability coefficient of the constant head permeability test and the permeability coefficient of the variable head permeability test k20 of the samples at standard temperature (20°C) were both ≥3.5×10-3cm / s. The slope stability coefficient Fs≥1.8 under general working conditions and the slope stability coefficient Fs≥1.5 under earthquake working conditions were calculated by the limit equilibrium method, which met the requirements of the Technical Code for Building Slope Engineering (GB50330-2013).

[0068] The above is a description of the relevant contents of the present invention. A person skilled in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. Based on the above contents of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Applicable to the slope structure of highways in high water level areas, characterized by: The device comprises a first slope (110), a first platform (210), a second slope (120), a second platform (220), a third slope (130) and a third platform (230) which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; Slope: first slope (110)> second slope (120)> third slope (130); Transverse length: first slope (110)>second slope (120)>third slope (130), first platform (210)>second platform (220)>third platform (230); A drainage structure (300) is provided on the first slope surface (110); A water guide structure (400) is provided on the second slope surface (120) and the third slope surface (130); A waterproof structure (500) is provided on the first platform (210) and the second platform (220); A grouting structure (600) is provided on the third platform (230).

2. The slope structure suitable for highways in high water level areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The slope of the first slope (110) is 50-63°, the slope of the second slope (120) is 33-45°, and the slope of the third slope (130) is 21-30°; the transverse lengths of the second slope (120) and the third slope (130) are reduced by 10-30% based on the transverse length of the first slope (110); and the transverse lengths of the second platform (220) and the third platform (230) are reduced by 10-30% based on the transverse length of the first platform (210).

3. The slope structure suitable for highways in high water level areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage structure (300) comprises a porous metal layer (310) laid on the surface of the soil foundation, a sprayed concrete layer (320), and a drainage pipe (330) arranged in the soil foundation in a horizontal direction.

4. The slope structure suitable for highways in high water level areas as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The drainage pipe (330) comprises a porous stainless steel cylinder (331) and a sintered metal filter cylinder (332) which are nested from outside to inside; the drainage structure (300) further comprises reinforcing ribs (340) arranged in the soil foundation.

5. The slope structure suitable for highways in high water level areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The water guiding structure (400) comprises: A first concrete grid, the first concrete grid having a cavity (450) formed by splicing first concrete blocks (410) and a mesh-shaped water-conducting groove (411); A porous water-conducting layer (420), the porous water-conducting layer (420) is laid on the soil base, and the porous water-conducting layer (420) is formed by the accumulation of granular matter; preferably, the porous water-conducting layer (420) has a thickness of 3 to 5 cm and is formed by the accumulation of gravel with a particle size of 1 to 3 cm; A first filter layer (430), wherein the first filter layer (430) is laid on the porous water-conducting layer (420); the first concrete grid is laid on the first filter layer (430); preferably, the first filter layer (430) is a metal screen with a thickness of 2 to 5 mm and a mesh size of 6 to 12; A water blocking layer (440), the water blocking layer (440) is arranged above the cavity (450), and the four sides of the water blocking layer (440) are connected to the adjacent first concrete block (410); preferably, the water blocking layer (440) has a flange adapted to the inner wall of the cavity (450), a through hole is provided on the outer edge of the water blocking layer (440), and the first concrete block (410) is provided with a bolt assembly (412) adapted to the through hole; A water guide mechanism, the water guide mechanism being used to guide the clear liquid in the cavity (450) after being filtered by the first filter layer (430) into the mesh water guide groove (411); the water guide mechanism comprises a water guide channel opened on the first concrete block (410) and connecting the cavity (450) and the mesh water guide groove (411); The first fixing mechanism comprises first rods (460) arranged at intervals, the first rods (460) pass through the first concrete block (410), the first filter layer (430) and the porous water-conducting layer (420) and then extend into the soil foundation, the top of the first rod (460) is fastened to the first concrete block (410) by nuts; preferably, the first fixing mechanism also comprises a sleeve (461) welded to the first filter layer (430) and the first rod (460), and the bottom of the first concrete block (410) is provided with a groove adapted to the sleeve (461).

6. The slope structure suitable for highways in high water level areas as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The water guide channel comprises a straight pipe section (470) and a tapered pipe section (471) arranged in sequence along the clear liquid flow direction; the water guide mechanism also comprises a second filter layer (472) arranged outside the tapered pipe section (471), the upper and lower ends of the second filter layer (472) are respectively pressed by the water blocking layer (440) and the first concrete block (410), and the second filter layer (472) is a metal screen with a thickness of 2 to 5 mm and a mesh number of 14 to 28.

7. The slope structure suitable for highways in high water level areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof structure (500) comprises a waterproof layer (510) laid on the surface of the soil foundation, a second concrete grid and a second fixing mechanism arranged vertically; the second concrete grid has a transverse drainage groove (522) formed by splicing second concrete blocks (521) and arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slope surface, and the transversely adjacent second concrete blocks (521) are plug-in connected; the second fixing mechanism comprises second rods (530) arranged at intervals, the lower ends of the second rods (530) sequentially pass through the second concrete grid and the waterproof layer (510) and then extend into the soil foundation, and the tops of the second rods (530) pass through the second concrete grid and are fastened with nuts.

8. The slope structure suitable for highways in high water level areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The grouting structure (600) comprises a waterproof layer (510) laid on the surface of the soil foundation, a third concrete grid and a vertically arranged grouting mechanism; the third concrete grid has a transverse drainage groove (522) formed by splicing third concrete blocks and arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slope surface, and the transversely adjacent third concrete blocks are inserted and connected; the grouting mechanism comprises grouting pipes arranged at intervals, the lower ends of the grouting pipes sequentially pass through the third concrete grid and the waterproof layer (510) and then extend into the soil foundation, and the top of the grouting pipe passes through the third concrete grid and is fastened with a nut.

9. The construction method of the slope structure applicable to highways in high water level areas according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: According to the requirements of slope and length, a first slope (110), a first platform (210), a second slope (120), a second platform (220), a third slope (130) and a third platform (230) are constructed; The grouting structure (600), the drainage structure (300), the waterproof structure (500) and the water-conducting structure (400) are sequentially constructed.

10. The construction method of the slope structure applicable to highways in high water level areas as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The construction of the water guide structure (400) includes the following steps: Spreading granular materials on the soil base and compacting them to form a porous water-conducting layer (420); Laying a first filter layer (430) on the porous water-conducting layer (420), and pre-fixing the first filter layer (430) with latches around the periphery; Drilling a hole, then inserting the first rod body (460) and welding and fixing it to the first filter layer (430); The first concrete grid and the water blocking layer (440) are laid in sequence to complete the construction of the water conducting structure.

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