Power adapter control method and power adapter

Abstract

The invention provides a power adapter control method and a power adapter, and relates to the technical field of power supplies. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a bus voltage real-time value of the power adapter; matching the bus voltage real-time value with the N control voltage intervals V1 to VN to obtain a real-time control voltage interval matched with the bus voltage real-time value; wherein N is greater than or equal to 2, the N control voltage intervals are continuous and progressively increased from V1 to VN, and the N control voltage intervals V1 to VN correspond to N different output power control values P1 to PN; and adjusting an output power instruction value of the power adapter to an output power control value corresponding to the real-time control voltage interval according to the real-time control voltage interval. According to the invention, the output power of the power adapter can be regulated in real time to match the real-time value of the bus voltage, and the resource utilization rate of the power adapter is improved.

Description

Background Art

[0002] The AC (alternating current) / DC (direct current) power adapter architecture usually includes two parts: rectification and DC to DC. Figure 1 As shown, the role of the rectifier is to convert AC power into DC power and convert it into voltage Vbus, and the DC to DC part converts the Vbus voltage into the target voltage Vout. Whether the electrical equipment can work normally and dissipate heat is an important indicator. A fixed device has its fixed heat dissipation capacity. When the overall power consumption of the device does not exceed the maximum heat dissipation capacity of the device, it is one of the conditions for the long-term stable operation of the device. For example, a 45W power supply, when its working efficiency is 90%, the shell temperature just meets the safety specifications and is in a critical state, which generates a loss of 5W. This 5W is the heat dissipation capacity of the device. A loss of less than 5W is one of the necessary conditions for the normal use of this power supply.

[0003] For AC / DC power adapters, the input voltage is usually 90~264Vac. Usually, the power adapter has the lowest working efficiency when the input is 90Vac, so the heat dissipation design depends on whether the 90Vac condition meets the requirements. According to the 45W power supply in the above example, the working efficiency is 90% at 90Vac, resulting in a loss of 5W, and the shell temperature just meets the requirements. However, in actual use, the grid voltage is usually 110Vac or 220Vac. Under this condition, the working efficiency is higher than 90Vac. If it is still operated at the maximum power of 45W, this will cause a waste of power charging capacity. It can be seen that the resource utilization rate of existing power adapters is not high, and there is a problem of wasted charging capacity.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present disclosure provides a power adapter control method and a power adapter, which at least to a certain extent overcome the problem of low resource utilization and waste of charging capacity of the power adapter in the related art.

[0006] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part by the practice of the present disclosure.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a power adapter control method is provided, comprising:

[0008] Get the real-time value of the bus voltage of the power adapter;

[0009] Matching the bus voltage real-time value with N control voltage intervals V1 to VN to obtain a real-time control voltage interval that matches the bus voltage real-time value; wherein N ≥ 2, the N control voltage intervals from V1 to VN are continuous and increasing, and the N control voltage intervals V1 to VN correspond to N different output power control values ​​P1 to PN;

[0010] According to the real-time control voltage interval, the output power command value of the power adapter is adjusted to an output power control value corresponding to the real-time control voltage interval.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the N control voltage intervals correspond to N different working efficiencies, and the higher the voltage, the higher the working efficiency, and the power adapter has a maximum power loss;

[0012] The output power control values ​​P2 to PN except the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval V1 are determined according to N-1 working efficiencies corresponding to the respective control voltage intervals and the maximum power loss.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the output power control value corresponding to the control voltage interval is determined according to the following formula:

[0014]

[0015] Wherein, Pi represents the output power control value of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1<i≤N;

[0016] Ploss represents the maximum power loss of the power adapter;

[0017] η i Indicates the working efficiency of the power adapter corresponding to the i-th control voltage interval.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval V1 is determined according to the output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals V2 to VN except the first control voltage interval V1.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method for determining the first output power control value P1 includes:

[0020] Determine the real-time power frequency cycle of the power adapter and the power requested by the load;

[0021] Determine N-1 control durations t2 to tN and output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals V2 to VN except the first control voltage interval, wherein the control duration t2 to tN is the duration during which the real-time value of the bus voltage is maintained within the corresponding N-1 control voltage intervals;

[0022] The first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval is determined according to the power requested by the load, the real-time power frequency cycle, the control duration t2 to tN corresponding to other control voltage intervals except the first control voltage interval, and the output power control values ​​P2 to PN.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval is determined according to the following formula:

[0024]

[0025] Wherein, P1 represents the first output power control value corresponding to the first control voltage interval;

[0026] P 0 The load requested power representing the load request;

[0027] T represents the real-time power frequency cycle;

[0028] Pi represents the output power control value of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1<i≤N;

[0029] ti represents the control duration of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1<i≤N.

[0030] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a power adapter, comprising: a controller and a filter capacitor;

[0031] The controller obtains the real-time value of the bus voltage of the power adapter through voltage sampling, matches the real-time value of the bus voltage with N control voltage intervals V1 to VN, and obtains a real-time control voltage interval that matches the real-time value of the bus voltage; wherein N≥2, the N control voltage intervals from V1 to VN are continuous and increasing, and the N control voltage intervals V1 to VN correspond to N different output power control values ​​P1 to PN; according to the real-time control voltage interval, the output power command value of the power adapter is adjusted to the output power control value corresponding to the real-time control voltage interval.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller determines output power control values ​​P2 to PN except for the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval V1 by N-1 working efficiencies corresponding to the respective control voltage intervals and the maximum power loss of the power adapter;

[0033] The N control voltage intervals correspond to N different working efficiencies, and the higher the voltage, the higher the working efficiency, and the power adapter has a maximum power loss.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller determines the output power control value corresponding to the control voltage interval according to the following formula:

[0035]

[0036] Wherein, Pi represents the output power control value of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1<i≤N;

[0037] Ploss represents the maximum power loss of the power adapter;

[0038] η i Indicates the working efficiency of the power adapter corresponding to the i-th control voltage interval.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller determines the real-time power frequency cycle and the output power command value of the power adapter; determines N-1 control durations t2 to tN and output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals V2 to VN except the first control voltage interval, wherein the control duration t2 to tN is the duration during which the real-time value of the bus voltage is maintained within the corresponding N-1 control voltage intervals; determines the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval according to the power requested by the load, the real-time power frequency cycle, the control durations t2 to tN and the output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals except the first control voltage interval.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller uses the power requested by the load as the average output power under the real-time power frequency cycle, and calculates the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval based on the control duration t2 to tN and the output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals except the first control voltage interval according to the following formula:

[0041]

[0042] Wherein, P1 represents the first output power control value corresponding to the first control voltage interval;

[0043] P 0 Indicates the power requested by the load;

[0044] T represents the real-time power frequency cycle;

[0045] Pi represents the output power control value of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1<i≤N;

[0046] ti represents the control duration of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1<i≤N.

[0047] According to the third aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is also provided, which includes: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to execute the power adapter control method described in any one of the above-mentioned first aspects by executing the executable instructions.

[0048] The power adapter control method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure matches the acquired real-time value of the bus voltage of the power adapter with N control voltage intervals V1 to VN to obtain a real-time control voltage interval that matches the real-time value of the bus voltage, and adjusts the output power command value at this time to the output power control value corresponding to the real-time control voltage interval based on the real-time control voltage interval. The output power of the power adapter is regulated in real time to match the real-time value of the bus voltage, which can reduce the power loss when the bus voltage is low, that is, when the output active power of the power adapter remains unchanged, the input power is reduced as much as possible, thereby improving the resource utilization of the power adapter.

[0049] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a simplified AC / DC power adapter architecture is shown;

[0052] Figure 2 A voltage waveform and power distribution diagram of a power adapter in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0053] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a power adapter control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0054] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing a method for determining a first output power control value P1 in some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0055] Figure 5A schematic diagram showing a circuit topology structure of a first specific example in the present disclosure; and

[0056] Figure 6 A simplified structural diagram of a power adapter in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure will be more comprehensive and complete and to fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0058] In addition, the accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar parts, and their repeated description will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities can be implemented in software form, or implemented in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or implemented in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0059] The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] Traditional power adapters mainly consider the heat dissipation under full load under specific input conditions, and define the maximum output capacity of the power supply according to the input voltage conditions. For example, for a 45W power supply with an input voltage of 90 to 264Vac, the efficiency is 90% at 90Vac and 50Hz. Figure 2 , draw the waveform under half of the power frequency cycle, where the maximum value of the input AC voltage VAC is 90×1.414=127V. Figure 2 It can be seen that the maximum Vbus voltage is 127V and the minimum voltage is assumed to be 80V, where the instantaneous efficiency Pout of the DC to DC stage increases with the increase of the Vbus instantaneous voltage, and the 90% efficiency is the average efficiency in one power frequency cycle.

[0061] The inventor analyzed the waveform under the above half power frequency cycle and found that if the output average power within a power frequency cycle is kept constant, the power consumption is kept less than a certain value, and the instantaneous output power is changed according to the instantaneous value of the Vbus voltage, that is, the output power is increased when the Vbus voltage is high, and the output power is reduced when the Vbus voltage is low, and the average power within a power frequency cycle is kept consistent, the working efficiency of the power supply can be improved. That is, the Vbus voltage is divided into several gears to ensure the consistency of instantaneous loss and total output power, and the instantaneous output power is adjusted according to the instantaneous Vbus voltage.

[0062] In view of the above findings, the present disclosure provides a power adapter control method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0063] S302, obtaining a real-time value of a bus voltage of a power adapter.

[0064] It should be noted that the bus voltage refers to the above-mentioned Vbus voltage. Obtaining the real-time value of the bus voltage of the power adapter means obtaining the real-time value of the Vbus voltage of the power adapter. The Vbus voltage can be monitored in real time by setting a voltage detection device at the bus of the power adapter to obtain the real-time value of the Vbus voltage.

[0065] S304, matching the real-time value of the bus voltage with the N control voltage intervals V1 to VN to obtain a real-time control voltage interval that matches the real-time value of the bus voltage.

[0066] Wherein, N≥2, N control voltage intervals from V1 to VN are continuous and increasing, and N control voltage intervals V1 to VN correspond to N different output power control values ​​P1 to PN. It should be noted that the value of N is pre-set according to the actual input voltage interval, and the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited here. Each control voltage interval corresponds to a corresponding output power control value.

[0067] S306: According to the real-time control voltage interval, the output power command value of the power adapter is adjusted to an output power control value corresponding to the real-time control voltage interval.

[0068] It should be noted that the output power command value is not the rated power. The output power command value refers to the power value that the control chip of the power adapter instructs the power adapter to output. Alternatively, the output power command value can be regarded as the required average power within a single control voltage interval. The power adapter uses the output power control value corresponding to the real-time control voltage interval as the actual output power at this time. In specific implementation, the output power command value can be adjusted by adjusting the output current.

[0069] It can be seen from the above steps that the power adapter control method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure matches the acquired real-time value of the bus voltage of the power adapter with N control voltage intervals V1 to VN to obtain a real-time control voltage interval that matches the real-time value of the bus voltage, and adjusts the output power command value at this time to the output power control value corresponding to the real-time control voltage interval based on the real-time control voltage interval. The output power of the power adapter is regulated in real time to match the real-time value of the bus voltage, which can reduce the power loss when the bus voltage is low, that is, when the output active power of the power adapter remains unchanged, the input power is reduced as much as possible, which improves the resource utilization of the power adapter and avoids the waste of charging capacity.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, N control voltage intervals correspond to N different working efficiencies, and the higher the voltage, the higher the working efficiency, and the power adapter has a maximum power loss; except for the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval V1, the output power control values ​​P2 to PN are determined based on the N-1 working efficiencies and maximum power losses corresponding to their respective control voltage intervals.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, for the output power control values ​​P2 to PN, the output power control value corresponding to the control voltage interval is determined according to the following formula:

[0072]

[0073] Wherein, Pi represents the output power control value of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1<i≤N;

[0074] Ploss represents the maximum power loss of the power adapter;

[0075] η i Indicates the working efficiency of the power adapter corresponding to the i-th control voltage interval.

[0076] It should be noted that Ploss refers to the heat loss under the worst heat dissipation conditions, that is, the power loss when the shell temperature just meets the requirements. i is corresponding to each control voltage interval V i The achievable working efficiency requires multiple tests to determine the maximum working efficiency that the power adapter can achieve at multiple different bus voltages. The maximum working efficiency at the median voltage of each voltage control interval can be determined as the working efficiency of the power adapter corresponding to each voltage control interval.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, for the output power control value P1, the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval V1 is determined based on the output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals V2 to VN except the first control voltage interval V1.

[0078] Specifically, the method for determining the first output power control value P1 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0079] S402: Determine the real-time power frequency cycle of the power adapter and the power requested by the load.

[0080] It should be noted that the real-time power frequency cycle refers to half of the real-time input AC power frequency cycle. The power requested by the load refers to the output power that the load requires the power adapter to provide. For example, if the power adapter is rated for 60W output capacity and the load requests 30W of power from the power adapter, the power requested by the load is 30W.

[0081] S404, determining N-1 control durations t2 to tN and output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals V2 to VN except the first control voltage interval.

[0082] Among them, the control duration t2 to tN is the duration that the real-time value of the bus voltage is maintained within the corresponding N-1 control voltage intervals. In specific implementation, the real-time change of the bus voltage is monitored to determine the duration that the bus voltage is maintained within each control voltage interval in the N-1 control voltage intervals. P2 to PN are determined based on the above formula (1).

[0083] S406, determining a first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval according to the power requested by the load, the real-time power frequency cycle, the control durations t2 to tN corresponding to other control voltage intervals except the first control voltage interval, and the output power control values ​​P2 to PN.

[0084] Specifically, according to the following formula, the power requested by the load is taken as the average output power under the real-time power frequency cycle, and based on the control duration t2 to tN and the output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals except the first control voltage interval, the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval is calculated:

[0085]

[0086] Wherein, P1 represents the first output power control value corresponding to the first control voltage interval;

[0087] P 0 Indicates the power requested by the load;

[0088] T represents the real-time power frequency period;

[0089] Pi represents the output power control value of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1 < i ≤ N;

[0090] ti represents the control duration of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1 < i ≤ N.

[0091] To better explain the determination process of the above P1 to PN, take Figure 2 as an example. Assume that the power adapter operates at a constant power P, and the maximum power loss of the power adapter is Ploss.

[0092] Set N to 4, that is, divide the output voltage into 4 gears:

[0093] (1) When Vbus ≥ U3, the working efficiency is η4, and the adjusted output power command value is: P4 = Ploss × η4 / (1 - η4), and the duration is t4;

[0094] (2) When U2 ≤ Vbus < U3, the working efficiency is η3, and the adjusted output power command value is: P3 = Ploss × η3 / (1 - η3), and the duration is t3 = t31 + t32;

[0095] (3) When U1 ≤ Vbus < U2, the working efficiency is η2, and the adjusted output power command value is: P2 = Ploss × η2 / (1 - η2), and the duration is t2 = t21 + t22;

[0096] (4) When Vbus < U1, calculate according to the unchanged average output power. The duration is t1, which can be calculated according to the power frequency period. The adjusted output power command value is: P1 = [P × (t1 + t2 + t3 + t4) - P4 × t4 - P3 × (t3) - P2 × (t2)] / t1.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, formula (2) solves for P1 by ensuring that the average output power of the power adapter within the power frequency period is equal to the output power command value. In this way, when the power adapter matches and adjusts the output power command value to the output power control value corresponding to the real-time control voltage interval according to the preset N control voltage intervals V1 to VN, although the real-time output power is changing, it can ensure that the average output power output within the power frequency period remains unchanged and is still the calibrated output power, without affecting the normal operation of the power adapter.

[0098] As for the N-1 control voltage intervals from V2 to VN, when determining the output power control value, it is based on the working efficiency adapted to each control voltage interval. The working efficiency adapted to each control voltage interval is greater than the traditional overall working efficiency of the power adapter. Compared with the traditional power adapter, due to the improvement of working efficiency, the loss is reduced accordingly, thereby reducing the waste of charging capacity.

[0099] In order to better illustrate the power adapter control method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure and the technical effect achieved, a first specific example is given for further explanation. The first specific example is a 45W AC / DC power adapter design comparison, including an AC / DC power adapter designed using a traditional output power scheduling method and an AC / DC power adapter designed using the power adapter control method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0100] The circuit topology of the first specific example is as follows Figure 5 As shown, after the AC input passes through the EMI Filter (power filter) and the rectifier bridge, the input AC power is converted into Vbus, and Vbus is converted from DC to DC to obtain Vout. The power adapter of the first specific example adopts a flyback topology (flyback topology) structure.

[0101] The specifications of the power adapter are: input voltage: 90~264Vac / 50~60Hz; maximum output condition: 20V, 2.25A; maximum heat dissipation power of the shell is 4.5W.

[0102] The traditional output power scheduling method needs to consider the design of the above specifications under the worst heat dissipation conditions, that is, the input is 90Vac, 50Hz, the output is 20V, and the output is 2.25A constant power output.

[0103] From the perspective of power supply reliability, the following basic conditions need to be met: the power consumption is less than 4.5W under the worst conditions; the magnetic flux of the transformer is less than the saturation magnetic flux.

[0104] According to the constant 45W output, the following parameters are designed:

[0105] Table 1 45W power supply parameter design

[0106] name parameter Remark V 20V Output voltage Io 2.25A Output Current C1 420V, 68uF Filter capacitor value Transformer T1 inductance 750uH Transformer T1 primary turns Np 48ts Transformer T1 secondary turns Ns 8ts Transformer core RM10 Transformer core center column area <![CDATA[86.6mm 2 ]]>

[0107] Since the power supply works in QR mode (flyback quasi-resonant mode) and is turned on at the first valley, the efficiency is calculated based on the average value of Vbus within one power frequency cycle. The operating parameters calculated under 90Vac and 50Hz conditions according to the above design parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0108] Table 2 Calculation of working parameters

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] The average efficiency calculated according to one power frequency cycle is 90.9%, and the power loss is 45 / 0.909-45=4.5W, that is, according to one power frequency cycle, the constant power output can be continuously output at 45W under the worst conditions according to the above parameter design. In other words, the power adapter designed by the traditional method has an average efficiency of 90.9% and a loss of 4.5W in one power frequency cycle, and outputs 45W of power.

[0112] In this specific example, the efficiency is considered according to the instantaneous value of the Vbus voltage, and the following instantaneous working efficiency table is obtained through multiple tests.

[0113] Table 3 Power adapter working status Vbus

[0114]

[0115] Note: Usually the standard input voltage of the power adapter is 110Vac and 220Vac, so when designing, you only need to divide the voltage around the 90Vac / 110Vac / 220Vac voltage range to meet the actual application. η represents the working efficiency of the power adapter, and Bmax represents the maximum magnetic flux of the transformer.

[0116] Through the analysis of the above data, it can be seen that the condition of Vbus = 82V mainly limits the output capacity of the power supply. With the increase of Vbus, the efficiency of the power supply is significantly improved, and the Bmax value is significantly reduced. Therefore, through the reasonable allocation of output power, the high Vbus voltage range can be fully utilized to increase the output power, and the output power can be reduced in the low Vbus range to reduce Bmax. This can not only improve the output capacity of the power supply, but also meet the basic working conditions of the power adapter.

[0117] From the above data, we can see that the efficiency changes significantly when the Vbus voltage is <200 V, and the efficiency changes insignificantly when Vbus ≥200 V. Therefore, the Vbus voltage can be divided into intervals at the point where the efficiency changes significantly, as shown in Table 4.

[0118] Table 4 Interval efficiency division table

[0119] Interval number V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 Vbus <90 [90,100] [100,110] [110,120] [120,140] [140,200] >200 η 90.1％ 90.6％ 91％ 91.4％ 91.7％ 92.8％ 93.5％

[0120] It should be noted that the efficiency corresponding to each control voltage interval needs to be determined according to the median voltage value of each voltage interval. For example, for the voltage interval [100,110], the efficiency is determined according to Vbus=105V, and the output power control value is allocated starting from the highest voltage interval that meets the requirements, and the power is allocated last in the V1 interval.

[0121] Since the input voltage of the power adapter is 90Vac, the Vbus voltage range is 81.5~127V, covering the interval V1~V5, the duration of each interval and the output power control value of each control voltage interval are collected and determined: in the control voltage interval of V2~V5, based on the total loss Ploss of 4.5W, the output power control value can be obtained as Plossη / (1-η), and the power frequency period is 10ms. The working status of each interval end is calculated as shown in Table 5.

[0122] Table 5 Working status under 90Vac condition

[0123] Interval number V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 Vbus <90 [90,100] [100,110] [110,120] [120,140] η 90.1％ 90.6％ 91％ 91.4％ 91.7％ t 1.435ms 1.93ms 2.06ms 2.285ms 2.29ms Pout 34.5W 43.4W 45.5W 47.8W 49.7W

[0124] Among them, the duration t corresponding to the interval V2~V5 can be sampled and recorded by IC voltage. The Pout of the interval V2~V5 can be calculated by Plossη / (1-η). The duration t of the interval V1 can be obtained by subtracting the sum of the durations corresponding to V2~V5 from the power frequency cycle T. The power frequency cycle T can be obtained by collecting the time of two Vbus voltage peaks. The output power of the interval V1 is solved by the above formula (2).

[0125] For the traditional design, the active power generated in half a power frequency cycle is: 45W×10ms=450mJ. According to the newly designed scheme of the power adapter control method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the power consumption generated within 10ms is: [34.5W / 90.1%-34.5W]×1.435ms+4.5W×(10ms-1.435ms)=3.79W×1.435ms+4.5W×8.565ms=43.9mJ, that is, through the control method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the loss of the power adapter is reduced to 43.9mJ, and the efficiency is increased to 91.1%, which is greater than 90.9% in the traditional design.

[0126] It can be seen from this that, for the fixed power supply provided in the first specific example, by changing the output power through the above control method, the efficiency can be improved by 0.2% under the worst conditions, thereby improving the resource utilization of the power adapter.

[0127] Furthermore, according to the power adapter control method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the output capacity of the power adapter under high voltage input conditions can be improved. A second specific example is now given to illustrate that the power adapter control method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can improve the output capacity of the power adapter under high voltage input conditions.

[0128] At high voltage, such as 220Vac, the working state of a conventional power adapter is shown in Table 6.

[0129] Table 6 Working status of traditional power adapter under 220Vac input condition

[0130] name parameter Remark Vbus_min 291V Minimum value of power frequency filter capacitor voltage Vbus_max 311V Minimum value of power frequency filter capacitor voltage Vbus_AVG 301V Average value of power frequency filter capacitor voltage B_T1@Vbus_min 0.19T Maximum flux of transformer fsw_AVG 100kHz Average operating frequency within the power frequency cycle M 1 QR Bottom Quantity η_AVG 93.5％ Power efficiency is calculated based on one power frequency cycle

[0131] According to the working status shown in the above table, it can be seen that when the output power is 45W, Bmax is only 0.19T, and the charging capacity of the power adapter is not fully utilized.

[0132] According to the control voltage intervals divided by the power adapter control method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the following table is obtained when 220Vac is input.

[0133] Table 7 220Vac working status according to the power adapter control method

[0134] Interval number V7 Vbus >200 η 93.5％ t 10ms Pout 65W Bmax 0.271T

[0135] It can be seen that when the input is 220Vac, the real-time value of Vbus falls within the interval V7. According to the loss calculation, the power adapter can output 65W at this time, which is greater than 45W, and the transformer Bmax also meets the requirements. Therefore, the power adapter control method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can improve the output capacity of the power adapter under high voltage input conditions.

[0136] Furthermore, according to the power adapter control method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, it is also possible to achieve the effect of reducing the filter capacitor value under the same output capacity. A third specific example is now given for explanation.

[0137] It can be seen from Table 3 that for a 45W power adapter, the maximum magnetic flux in the traditional design occurs when Vbus=82V, Bmax=0.315T.

[0138] From Table 5, we can see that the output power of interval 1 changes from 45W to 34.5W, and Bmax will decrease. Therefore, when Vbus_min is reached, the filter capacitor value can be reduced to reduce the size of the power supply while ensuring that Bmax does not exceed the maximum value.

[0139] For example, the filter capacitor value of the power adapter in the first specific example is reduced from 68uF to 47uF. After the filter capacitor value is reduced, when the rectifier bridge is not conducting, the capacitor discharge speed is accelerated, resulting in the duration of the V2-V5 interval being shortened, but it does not affect the power distribution of the V2-V5 interval, but it will cause the power of the interval V1 to increase, and the recalculation is shown in the following table.

[0140] Table 8 Power distribution calculation of C1=47uF at 90Vac input condition

[0141] Interval number V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 Vbus <90 [90,100] [100,110] [110,120] [120,140] η 90.1％ 90.6％ 91％ 91.4％ 91.7％ t 3.315ms 1.45ms 1.56ms 1.765ms 1.91ms Pout 41.2W 43.4W 45.5W 47.8W 49.7W

[0142] It should be noted that Vbus_min needs to be calculated according to the 45W output condition, the filter capacitor value is reduced from 68uF to 47uF, Vbus_min is reduced from 82V to 60V, and Bmax needs to be calculated according to the output power of interval V1. The maximum Bmax needs to be considered according to the instantaneous power of 41.2W in the adjusted interval V1, and the result is 0.33T. At this time, the working parameters are shown in Table 9.

[0143] Table 9 Working parameters of C1=47uF under 90Vac input condition

[0144]

[0145]

[0146] It can be seen from Table 9 that according to the traditional design scheme, the Bmax under the worst condition is 0.38T, and the transformer has the risk of saturation, which will affect the use. However, according to the power adapter control method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, even after the filter capacitor value is reduced, the Bmax under the worst condition is 0.33T, which can be used safely. Reducing the filter capacitor value can reduce the volume of the filter capacitor, thereby reducing the volume of the power adapter. Since a small-volume power adapter is easier to carry, it will be more convenient for users to use.

[0147] It can be seen from the first specific example, the second specific example and the third specific example that the power adapter control method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can not only improve the resource utilization of the power adapter, but also improve the output capacity when the input conditions remain unchanged, and can also provide a smaller power adapter when providing the same output capacity.

[0148] Based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure also provides a power adapter in the following embodiments. Since the principle of solving the problem in the power adapter embodiment is similar to that in the above method embodiment, the implementation of the power adapter embodiment can refer to the implementation of the above method embodiment, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0149] Figure 6 A simplified structural diagram of a power adapter in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6 As shown, it includes: a controller 601 and a filter capacitor 602;

[0150] Among them, the controller 601 obtains the real-time value of the bus voltage of the power adapter through voltage sampling, matches the real-time value of the bus voltage with N control voltage intervals V1 to VN, and obtains a real-time control voltage interval that matches the real-time value of the bus voltage; wherein, N≥2, the N control voltage intervals from V1 to VN are continuous and increasing, and the N control voltage intervals V1 to VN correspond to N different output power control values ​​P1 to PN; according to the real-time control voltage interval, the output power command value of the power adapter is adjusted to the output power control value corresponding to the real-time control voltage interval.

[0151] It should be noted here that the above-mentioned controller 601 corresponds to S302 to S306 in the method embodiment, and the examples and application scenarios implemented by the above-mentioned controller 601 and the corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the contents disclosed in the above-mentioned method embodiment.

[0152] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller 601 determines the output power control values ​​P2 to PN except the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval V1 according to the N-1 working efficiencies corresponding to the respective control voltage intervals and the maximum power loss of the power adapter. Wherein, the N control voltage intervals correspond to N different working efficiencies, and the higher the voltage, the higher the working efficiency, and the power adapter has a maximum power loss.

[0153] Furthermore, the controller 601 determines the output power control value corresponding to the control voltage interval according to the following formula:

[0154]

[0155] Wherein, Pi represents the output power control value of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1<i≤N;

[0156] Ploss represents the maximum power loss of the power adapter;

[0157] η i Indicates the working efficiency of the power adapter corresponding to the i-th control voltage interval.

[0158] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller 601 determines the real-time power frequency cycle of the power adapter and the power P requested by the load. 0 ; Determine N-1 control durations t2 to tN and output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals V2 to VN except the first control voltage interval; according to the power P requested by the load0 , the real-time power frequency cycle, the control durations t2 to tN corresponding to the other control voltage intervals except the first control voltage interval, and the output power control values ​​P2 to PN, to determine the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval. Among them, the control duration t2 to tN is the duration during which the real-time value of the bus voltage is maintained within the corresponding N-1 control voltage intervals.

[0159] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller uses the following formula to calculate the power P requested by the load: 0 As the average output power value under the real-time power frequency cycle, based on the control duration t2 to tN and the output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals except the first control voltage interval, the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval is calculated:

[0160]

[0161] Wherein, P1 represents the first output power control value corresponding to the first control voltage interval;

[0162] P 0 Indicates the power requested by the load;

[0163] T represents the real-time power frequency cycle;

[0164] Pi represents the output power control value of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1<i≤N;

[0165] ti represents the control duration of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1<i≤N.

[0166] It can be understood by those skilled in the art that in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the power adapter may also include: a flyback high-frequency transformer, a forward high-frequency transformer, an LLC (Logical Link Control) structure, and an asymmetric half-bridge circuit structure, which can improve the efficiency when the instantaneous value of the filter capacitor voltage (bus voltage) is high, and can make the converter output more power, thereby making the power adapter have a greater output capacity. The specific circuit structure will not be repeated here one by one.

[0167] In order to further illustrate how to use the power adapter, a fourth specific example is provided for explanation.

[0168] Since the input voltage level of the power adapter is relatively fixed, the controller can pre-divide the control voltage interval and record the efficiency values ​​of V1~VN to form a work efficiency table. For example, a table similar to that shown in Table 4 can be formed.

[0169] The controller obtains the power P requested by the load 0, the program in the controller sets the initial output power of the power adapter to the rated output power.

[0170] The controller obtains and records the maximum value of the Vbus voltage through voltage sampling, and records the time between two maximum values ​​as the power frequency period T.

[0171] The controller determines the duration ti of the ith interval through the curve obtained by voltage sampling, and calculates the corresponding Pi, and 1 <i≤N。

[0172] The controller calculates the duration t1 and P1 of the minimum voltage interval based on the above data.

[0173] The controller forms an output power control table in combination with the work efficiency table.

[0174] After forming the output power control table, the controller stores the output power control value used to control the power adapter in real time. After obtaining the real-time value of the bus voltage of the power adapter, the controller first detects whether the maximum value of the Vbus voltage has changed. If there is no change, the table remains unchanged, and the real-time control voltage interval is matched to determine the output power control value corresponding to the real-time control voltage interval. According to the output power control value, a control instruction is issued to change the current of the secondary or primary side of the transformer at the output end, and finally the output power instruction value of the power adapter is adjusted to the output power control value corresponding to the real-time control voltage interval; if the maximum value of the Vbus voltage changes, the table that has been formed is not applicable, and the table needs to be re-formed before control.

[0175] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented as a system, method or program product. Therefore, various aspects of the present disclosure may be specifically implemented as the following forms, namely: a complete hardware implementation, a complete software implementation (including firmware, microcode, etc.), or an implementation combining hardware and software, which may be collectively referred to as a "circuit", "module" or "system" herein. It should be noted that, although several modules or units of the device for action execution are mentioned in the above detailed description, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above may be embodied in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above may be further divided into being embodied by multiple modules or units.

[0176] In addition, although the steps of the method in the present disclosure are described in a specific order in the drawings, this does not require or imply that the steps must be performed in this specific order, or that all the steps shown must be performed to achieve the desired results. Additionally or alternatively, some steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be decomposed into multiple steps, etc.

[0177] Through the description of the above implementation, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the example implementation described here can be implemented by software, or by software combined with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solution according to the implementation of the present disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to enable a computing device (which can be a personal computer, a server, a mobile terminal, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the implementation of the present disclosure.

[0178] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present disclosure, which follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The description and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power adapter control method, characterized in that: include: Get the real-time value of the bus voltage of the power adapter; Matching the bus voltage real-time value with N control voltage intervals V1 to VN to obtain a real-time control voltage interval that matches the bus voltage real-time value; wherein N ≥ 2, the N control voltage intervals from V1 to VN are continuous and increasing, and the N control voltage intervals V1 to VN correspond to N different output power control values ​​P1 to PN; According to the real-time control voltage interval, the output power command value of the power adapter is adjusted to an output power control value corresponding to the real-time control voltage interval.

2. The power adapter control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The N control voltage intervals correspond to N different working efficiencies, and the power adapter has a maximum power loss; The output power control values ​​P2 to PN except the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval V1 are determined according to N-1 working efficiencies corresponding to the respective control voltage intervals and the maximum power loss.

3. The power adapter control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output power control value corresponding to the control voltage interval is determined according to the following formula: Where Pi represents the output power control value of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1 <i≤N; Ploss represents the maximum power loss of the power adapter; η i Indicates the working efficiency of the power adapter corresponding to the i-th control voltage interval.

4. The power adapter control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval V1 is determined according to the output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals V2 to VN except the first control voltage interval V1.

5. The power adapter control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for determining the first output power control value P1 includes: Determine the real-time power frequency cycle of the power adapter and the power requested by the load; Determine N-1 control durations t2 to tN and output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals V2 to VN except the first control voltage interval, wherein the control duration t2 to tN is the duration during which the real-time value of the bus voltage is maintained within the corresponding N-1 control voltage intervals; The first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval is determined according to the power requested by the load, the real-time power frequency cycle, the control duration t2 to tN corresponding to other control voltage intervals except the first control voltage interval, and the output power control values ​​P2 to PN.

6. The power adapter control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval is determined according to the following formula: Wherein, P1 represents the first output power control value corresponding to the first control voltage interval; P0 represents the power requested by the load; T represents the real-time power frequency cycle; Pi represents the output power control value of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1 <i≤N; ti represents the control duration of the ith control voltage interval, and 1 <i≤N。 7. A power adapter, characterized in that: include: Controller and filter capacitor; The controller obtains the real-time value of the bus voltage of the power adapter through voltage sampling, matches the real-time value of the bus voltage with N control voltage intervals V1 to VN, and obtains a real-time control voltage interval that matches the real-time value of the bus voltage; wherein N≥2, the N control voltage intervals from V1 to VN are continuous and increasing, and the N control voltage intervals V1 to VN correspond to N different output power control values ​​P1 to PN; according to the real-time control voltage interval, the output power command value of the power adapter is adjusted to the output power control value corresponding to the real-time control voltage interval.

8. The power adapter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The controller determines output power control values ​​P2 to PN except the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval V1 according to N-1 working efficiencies corresponding to the respective control voltage intervals and the maximum power loss of the power adapter; The N control voltage intervals correspond to N different working efficiencies, and the power adapter has a maximum power loss.

9. The power adapter according to claim 8, characterized in that: The controller determines the output power control value corresponding to the control voltage interval according to the following formula: Where Pi represents the output power control value of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1 <i≤N; Ploss represents the maximum power loss of the power adapter; η i Indicates the working efficiency of the power adapter corresponding to the i-th control voltage interval.

10. The power adapter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The controller determines the real-time power frequency cycle of the power adapter and the power requested by the load; determines N-1 control durations t2 to tN and output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals V2 to VN except the first control voltage interval, wherein the control duration t2 to tN is the duration during which the real-time value of the bus voltage is maintained within the corresponding N-1 control voltage intervals; determines the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval according to the power requested by the load, the real-time power frequency cycle, the control durations t2 to tN and the output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals except the first control voltage interval.

11. The power adapter according to claim 10, characterized in that: The controller uses the power requested by the load as the average output power under the real-time power frequency cycle, and calculates the first output power control value P1 corresponding to the first control voltage interval based on the control duration t2 to tN and the output power control values ​​P2 to PN corresponding to other control voltage intervals except the first control voltage interval according to the following formula: Wherein, P1 represents the first output power control value corresponding to the first control voltage interval; P0 represents the power requested by the load; T represents the real-time power frequency cycle; Pi represents the output power control value of the i-th control voltage interval, and 1 <i≤N; ti represents the control duration of the ith control voltage interval, and 1 <i≤N。

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