Bioactive functional material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a bioactive functional material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the bioactive functional material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of a framework material, 20-40 parts of a nutrition sustained-release material, 40-60 parts of a VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) adsorption material, 2-5 parts of an adhesive, 0.1-1 part of efficient functional degrading bacteria and 10-30 parts of a polymer plastic material. The particle size of the bioactive functional material is 8-30 mm, the bulk density is 140-175 Kg / m < 3 >, the porosity is larger than 65%, the total protein amount is larger than 520 mg / L, and the specific surface area is larger than 200 m < 2 > / m. The polymer plastic material comprises an outer layer structure and a hollow inner cavity, the surface of the inner cavity is rough, and the outer layer structure comprises at least three fins which are arranged in a radial mode. After the bioactive functional material is directly added for use, the operation is convenient, and the treatment effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and in particular to a bioactive functional material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Volatile organic compounds refer to any organic compound with a boiling point below 250°C at a standard atmospheric pressure of 101.3 kPa. In order to further improve the quality of ambient air and reduce the large-scale emission of volatile organic compounds, the country has issued some corresponding policies and regulations to limit the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Factories and enterprises are increasing their efforts in treating VOCs waste gas and actively promoting the development of VOCs waste gas treatment technology, in order to achieve greater results in the comprehensive treatment of volatile organic pollutants.

[0003] In the prior art, biotrickling filtration is one of the most commonly used waste gas treatment methods. Its specific treatment process is that the waste gas passes through the biological filler, and the pollutants in the waste gas are adsorbed, absorbed and degraded by microorganisms, and finally converted into carbon dioxide, water and other inorganic substances. The whole process includes the transfer of gaseous pollutants from the gas phase to the liquid phase or the liquid film on the surface of the solid phase, and then adsorbed and degraded by microorganisms. However, this technology still has difficulties such as complicated operation and long time consumption in the startup phase, such as the need to enrich the degradation bacteria in advance, the difficulty in transporting and maintaining the activity of liquid bacterial agents, and the long time consumption of the inoculation and biofilm period. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a bioactive functional material that is easy to operate and has high processing efficiency, as well as a preparation method and use thereof.

[0005] A bioactive functional material of the present invention is composed of the following raw materials in weight ratio: 20-40 parts of skeleton material, 20-40 parts of nutrient sustained-release material, 40-60 parts of VOCs adsorption material, 2-5 parts of adhesive, 0.1-1 parts of high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria, and 10-30 parts of polymer plastic material; The particle size of the bioactive functional material is 8-30 mm, and the bulk density is 140-175 Kg / m 3 , porosity greater than 65%, total protein greater than 520 mg / L, specific surface area greater than 200 m 2 / m³; The polymer plastic material comprises an outer layer structure and a hollow inner cavity, the inner cavity has a rough surface, and the outer layer structure comprises at least three fins arranged radially.

[0006] Furthermore, the skeleton material of the bioactive functional material of the present invention is a material containing hardly biodegradable fibers, the nutrient slow-release material is a material that can provide a carbon source for microorganisms, and the VOCs adsorption material is a material with strong VOCs adsorption capacity; The highly efficient functional degradation bacteria are artificially separated highly efficient degradation bacteria or strains; The adhesive is a non-biotoxic glue, the bonding strength of the glue is greater than 3MPa, the viscosity is greater than 50mPa·s, and the curing time is within 6h. The glue dries quickly, and there is no need to wait for a long time, which greatly improves the bonding efficiency.

[0007] Furthermore, the wheat bran of the biologically active functional material of the present invention is common coarse wheat bran. Coarse wheat bran is selected as a nutrient slow-release component, and at the same time provides the carbon source required by microorganisms, thereby reducing the problem of carbon source intake from the outside.

[0008] Furthermore, the adhesive of the bioactive functional material of the present invention is resistant to high temperatures, weak acids and weak alkalis, and is difficult to biodegrade. The glue needs to meet the requirements of material safety and environmental protection. This type of glue does not contain harmful substances, has good biodegradability, has no odor when used, and does not contain chemical components that are harmful to the human body, and will not have a negative impact on the environment and the human body. In addition, the glue is not only firmly adhered, but also has the characteristics of weather resistance and strong adaptability, and can maintain stable performance under a variety of temperature and humidity environments. Finally, the glue also needs to meet the following requirements: economical, moderately priced, and suitable for making low-cost bioactive functional materials. The glue can be any one of water-based glue, plant glue, corn glue or protein glue.

[0009] Furthermore, the skeleton material of the bioactive functional material of the present invention includes sawdust and polyurethane, the nutrient slow-release material includes wheat bran and sawdust, the VOCs adsorption material is activated carbon particles; the high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria include dichloromethane degradation bacteria and / or n-hexane degradation bacteria; The particle size of the activated carbon particles is less than 5 mm, and the surface area of ​​the sawdust is less than 10×10 mm 2 .

[0010] Both dichloromethane-degrading bacteria and n-hexane-degrading bacteria are aerobic Gram-negative rods. The strain types include Methylobacterium rhodesianum H13, tenotrophomonas sp. HY-2, Pseudomonas sp. HY-6, Pseudomonas mendocin NX-1, Rhodococcus Any one or more of sp.YZ-1.

[0011] Furthermore, the polymer plastic material of the bioactive functional material of the present invention is any one or more of spherical, square or spiral shapes.

[0012] Furthermore, the polymer plastic material of the bioactive functional material of the present invention is a polypropylene multi-faceted hollow sphere, which has the advantages of high gas velocity, multiple blades, and low resistance.

[0013] A method for preparing any of the above-mentioned bioactive functional materials comprises the following steps: 1) The skeleton material, the nutrient sustained-release material, and the VOCs adsorption material are molded into a preform according to a certain weight ratio, and the shape of the preform matches the inner cavity of the polymer plastic material; 2) Soak the preform in non-biotoxic glue for bonding for 0.5 to 2 hours; 3) drying the bonded preforms and filling them into the polymer plastic material to obtain fillers, wherein the drying temperature is 30-70° C. and the drying time is 20-30 hours; 4) OD of high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria after high-density fermentation 600 After reaching 0.4-0.8, the filler is immersed therein for 36-96 hours, and the colonization is completed after the bioload of the filler is greater than 1200 mg / L. The filler is air-dried in a ventilated place for 36-72 hours to obtain the bioactive functional material.

[0014] The use of high-density fermentation for biological colonization can not only reduce the volume of culture containers and the consumption of culture medium, but also shorten the production cycle, reduce equipment investment and lower production costs.

[0015] Furthermore, the high-density fermentation process of the preparation method of the present invention is specifically as follows: inoculating microorganisms in a culture medium and fermenting at 25-35° C. for 12-36 hours, the microorganisms are high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria, and the culture medium is Luria-Bertani medium or R2A agar medium or potato glucose medium.

[0016] The Luria-Bertani medium comprises: 4.0-8.0 g / L yeast powder, 8.0-12.0 g / L NaCl, and 10.0-14.0 g / L peptone.

[0017] The R2A agar medium comprises: 0.3-0.7 g / L yeast powder, 0.4-0.8 g / L glucose, 0.2-0.6 g / L soluble starch, 0.1-0.4 g / L sodium pyruvate, 0.3-0.6 g / L peptone, 0.3-0.6 g / L K2HPO4·3H2O, and 0.02-0.07 g / L MgSO4·7H2O.

[0018] The potato glucose culture medium comprises: 200 g potato, 20 g glucose, 15-20 g agar, and 1000 ml distilled water.

[0019] Furthermore, in the preparation method of the present invention, the prepared bioactive functional material can be placed on a shaker and shaken at room temperature. This not only reduces the loss of raw materials, but also improves the stability of the filler. Specifically, at 30°C, 160 r·min -1 Shake in a shaker for 1 to 3 h.

[0020] A bioactive functional material as described above, and use of the bioactive functional material prepared by any of the preparation methods described above, wherein the bioactive functional material is used to treat waste gas.

[0021] Furthermore, the use of the present invention is to place the biologically active functional material in a biological trickling filter or a biological filtration device to treat waste gas. Placing the biologically active functional material in a biological trickling filter or a biological filtration device in a random stacking form is not only conducive to the growth of microorganisms, but also increases the contact area. Moreover, the activated carbon particles in the biologically active functional material and the high molecular plastic material with a hollow inner cavity can capture pollutant molecules in the gas, thereby promoting microorganisms to capture pollutant molecules from the air.

[0022] Furthermore, in the use of the present invention, the volume proportion of the biologically active functional material in the biological trickling filter device or the biological filtration device is 40-60%.

[0023] Furthermore, in the use of the present invention, the storage time of the biologically active functional material is more than half a year; The removal rate of the bioactive functional material for dichloromethane is greater than 90%; the removal rate for n-hexane is 60% to 90%.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The polymer synthetic plastic material used in the bioactive functional material of the present invention has the characteristics of light weight, high mechanical strength, not easy to rot and sufficient space to maintain with other materials, so that the obtained bioactive functional material significantly reduces the risk of being compacted due to long-term use and prolongs its service life.

[0025] The present invention adds organic matter to the composite biological filler, provides a fixed place for microorganisms, provides nutrients for their growth and maintains a certain amount of moisture, saves the investment cost and labor cost of supplementing nutrient solution, and can maintain the activity of microorganisms in the filler under the condition of long-term shutdown.

[0026] The present invention also adds high-efficiency functional bacteria inside the composite biological filler. These strains can make the bioreactor do not need to be inoculated and trained after the filler is installed, which not only reduces the trouble when starting the bioreactor in the later stage, but also greatly shortens the time required for the equipment to achieve the expected effect. It has fast startup, easy use and high processing efficiency.

[0027] The biologically active functional material of the present invention ensures the activity of high-efficiency functional bacteria, has mild reaction conditions, simple process routes, low equipment investment, low energy consumption, low pollution, convenient operation, and is easy to realize industrialization.

[0028] The particle size of the bioactive functional material of the present invention is 8-30 mm, and the bulk density is 140-175 kg / m 3 , porosity greater than 65%, total protein greater than 520 mg / L, specific surface area greater than 200 m 2 / m³. The large specific surface area and rough surface of the hollow cavity provide ample space for microorganisms to attach, and to some extent reduce the problem of filler blockage caused by the rapid growth of microorganisms.

[0029] After the bioactive functional material of the present invention is directly added and used, the reaction device can be quickly started. Moreover, the bioactive functional material has good stability, and the solid matter retention rate reaches more than 95% after one year of addition and use, and the service life is more than 10 years. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bioactive functional material synthesized by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a biotrickling filter device used in the present invention; Figure 3 The removal effect of the bioactive functional material of the present invention on dichloromethane and n-hexane; Figure 4 This is a characteristic comparison diagram of the retention rate of the bioactive functional material of the present invention after being stored at room temperature for 60 days; Figure 5 This is a graph showing protein retention rate of the bioactive functional material filler of the present invention; Figure 6 A graph showing the biomass of the bioactive functional material of the present invention as a function of air-drying time; Figure 7 This is a graph showing the changes in the biomass of the bioactive functional material of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. If the specific conditions are not specified in the specific implementation method, they shall be carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions provided by the manufacturer.

[0032] When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. The terms used in the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0033] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0034] Implementation method 1:

[0035] A bioactive functional material, the bioactive functional material is composed of the following raw materials in weight ratio: 20-40 parts of a skeleton material, 20-40 parts of a nutrient slow-release material, 40-60 parts of a VOCs adsorption material, 2-5 parts of an adhesive, 0.1-1 parts of a high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria, and 10-30 parts of a polymer plastic material; The particle size of the bioactive functional material is 8-30 mm, and the bulk density is 140-175 Kg / m 3 , porosity greater than 65%, total protein greater than 520 mg / L, specific surface area greater than 200 m 2 / m³; The polymer plastic material comprises an outer layer structure and a hollow inner cavity, the inner cavity has a rough surface, and the outer layer structure comprises at least three fins arranged radially.

[0036] In other embodiments, the skeleton material of the bioactive functional material is a material containing difficult-to-biodegrade fibers, the nutrient slow-release material is a material that can provide a carbon source for microorganisms, and the VOCs adsorption material is a material with strong VOCs adsorption capacity; The highly efficient functional degradation bacteria are artificially separated highly efficient degradation bacteria or strains; The adhesive is a glue without biological toxicity, the bonding strength of the glue is greater than 3MPa, the viscosity is greater than 50mPa·s, and the curing time is within 6h.

[0037] In other embodiments, the skeleton material of the bioactive functional material includes sawdust and polyurethane, the nutrient slow-release material includes wheat bran and sawdust, the VOCs adsorption material is activated carbon particles; the high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria include dichloromethane degradation bacteria and / or n-hexane degradation bacteria; The particle size of the activated carbon particles is less than 5 mm, and the surface area of ​​the sawdust is less than 10×10 mm 2 .

[0038] In other embodiments, the polymer plastic material of the bioactive functional material is in any one or more of a spherical, square or spiral shape.

[0039] Implementation method 2:

[0040] A method for preparing a bioactive functional material as described in any of the above embodiments, the method comprising the following steps: 1) The skeleton material, the nutrient slow-release material, and the VOCs adsorption material are molded into a preform according to a weight ratio, and the shape of the preform matches the inner cavity of the polymer plastic material; 2) Soak the preform in non-biotoxic glue for bonding for 0.5 to 2 hours; 3) drying the bonded preforms and filling them into the polymer plastic material to obtain fillers, wherein the drying temperature is 30-70° C. and the drying time is 20-30 hours; 4) OD of high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria after high-density fermentation 600 After reaching 0.4-0.8, the filler is immersed therein for 36-96 hours, and the colonization is completed after the bioload of the filler is greater than 1200 mg / L. The filler is air-dried in a ventilated place for 36-72 hours to obtain the bioactive functional material.

[0041] In other embodiments, the high-density fermentation process is specifically as follows: inoculating microorganisms in a culture medium and fermenting at 25-35° C. for 12-36 hours, the microorganisms are high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria, and the culture medium is Luria-Bertani medium, R2A agar medium, or potato glucose medium.

[0042] Implementation method three:

[0043] A bioactive functional material as described above, and use of the bioactive functional material prepared by any of the preparation methods described above, wherein the bioactive functional material is used to treat waste gas.

[0044] In other embodiments, the biologically active functional material is placed in a biotrickling filter or a biofiltration device to treat waste gas.

[0045] In other embodiments, the volume proportion of the biologically active functional material in the biotrickling filter device or the biofiltration device is 40-60%.

[0046] In other embodiments, the storage time of the bioactive functional material is more than half a year.

[0047] In other embodiments, the bioactive functional material has a removal rate of more than 90% for dichloromethane and a removal rate of 60% to 90% for n-hexane.

[0048] Embodiment 1:

[0049] A bioactive functional material, the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) In this embodiment 1, the polymer plastic material is polypropylene hollow spheres. By weight, 20 parts of polypropylene hollow spheres, 50 parts of wheat bran, and 25 parts of activated carbon particles are molded into a preform, and the shape of the preform matches the inner cavity of the polypropylene hollow spheres; in this embodiment 1, the particle size of the activated carbon particles is less than 5 mm, and the surface area of ​​the sawdust is less than 10×10 mm 2 , the wheat bran is commonly used coarse wheat bran.

[0050] The activated carbon particles, sawdust, wheat bran, polypropylene hollow balls, and glue are all purchased directly. The manufacturer has no specific requirements, and it is sufficient to meet the conditions.

[0051] 2) Soak the preform in 3 parts (by weight) of non-biotoxic glue for bonding for 0.5 to 2 hours; 3) drying the bonded preforms and filling them into the polymer plastic material to obtain fillers, wherein the drying temperature is 30-70° C. and the drying time is 22-26 hours; 4) OD of high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria after high-density fermentation 600 After reaching 0.4-0.8, the filler is immersed therein for 36-96 hours, and the colonization is completed after the bioload of the filler is greater than 1200 mg / L, and air-dried in a ventilated place for 36-72 hours to obtain the bioactive functional material, such as Figure 1 As shown, the interior of the bioactive functional material is filled with fillers, and the outer structure is a plastic support frame composed of polypropylene multi-faceted hollow balls, including a plurality of fins arranged radially.

[0052] In this embodiment 1, the high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria is 1 part (by weight), including dichloromethane-degrading bacteria and n-hexane-degrading bacteria.

[0053] In this embodiment 1, the high-density fermentation process is specifically to inoculate microorganisms in a culture medium and ferment at 25-35°C for 12-36 hours, the microorganisms are high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria, and the culture medium is Luria-Bertani culture medium. The Luria-Bertani culture medium is: yeast powder 4.0-8.0 g / L, NaCl 8.0-12.0 g / L, and peptone 10.0-14.0 g / L.

[0054] Embodiment 2:

[0055] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the amount of the polypropylene hollow spheres is 15 parts.

[0056] Embodiment 3:

[0057] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the amount of the high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria is 0.1 parts.

[0058] The particle size, bulk density and porosity of the bioactive functional materials in Examples 1 to 3 were measured, and the total amount of protein was measured. The test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0059] Table 1 Performance test results of the bioactive functional materials in Examples 1 to 3

[0060] Comparative Example 1: The material was obtained by filling polypropylene hollow balls with polyurethane as filler and then inoculating high-efficiency degradation bacteria. After a 4-week startup period, the removal rates of dichloromethane and n-hexane were only 80% and 36%, respectively. Figure 3 shown.

[0061] Comparative Example 2: The difference between this comparative example 2 and example 1 is that the high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria is 0.05 parts. If the immersion time is constant, too little high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria will lead to insufficient bacteria loading on the bioactive functional material, further affecting the material preparation.

[0062] Comparative Example 3: The difference between this comparative example 3 and example 1 is that the amount of the high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria is 2. Too much of the high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria will lead to competition for living space or consumption of nutrients.

[0063] Embodiment 4:

[0064] The bioactive functional materials in Examples 1 to 3 were randomly stacked and placed in a biotrickling filter device, such as Figure 2 For treating and purifying DCM-nH mixed waste gas, the volume proportion of the biologically active functional material in the biotrickling filter device is 40-60%.

[0065] Before inoculation, the concentration of 400 mg / m 3 of DCM and 100 mg / m 3 The mixed airflow of nH is introduced into the biotrickling filter device from the bottom.

[0066] Initial inoculation OD 600 = 0.02 (where H13, HY-2, HY-6, and HY-7 were mixed in different volume ratios) and the corresponding substrates were added (the concentration of dichloromethane substrate was maintained at 133 mg·L -1 The n-hexane substrate concentration was maintained at 100 mg·L -1 )After sealing, place at 30℃, 160 r·min -1 nourish.

[0067] The results show that the bioactive functional material of the present invention has a removal effect on dichloromethane and n-hexane. Figure 3 As shown, the removal rate of dichloromethane by the bioactive functional material is stable at about 95%, and the removal rate of n-hexane is greater than 72%.

[0068] The effects of the retention of the bioactive functional material protein of the present invention after storage at room temperature for 70 days and different air-drying times on the bioactive functional material are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it is shown that during the stable period, the protein retention on the bioactive functional material of the present invention is better than that of the material in Comparative Example 1. Moreover, the bioactive functional material of the present invention has good stability, and the solid matter retention rate reaches more than 95% after one year of use, and the service life is more than 10 years.

[0069] Embodiment 5:

[0070] The only difference between Example 5 and Example 4 is that the biologically active functional materials in Examples 1 to 3 are placed in the biotrickling filter device in a randomly stacked form.

[0071] Embodiment 6:

[0072] Using high bioaffinity carbon-based carriers, the bioburden was compared with OD (0.02, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0), immersion time (12h, 24h, 36h, 48h, 60h, 72h), and aeration time (12h, 24h, 36h, 48h, 60h, 72h) as variables.

[0073] The bioactive functional material in Example 1 and the material in Comparative Example 1 were soaked in deionized water respectively, rinsed with deionized water for 3 times, then placed in a centrifuge tube filled with 30 mL of deionized water and vigorously shaken with a vortex oscillator for 15 min. After taking out the bioactive functional material, the obtained bacterial suspension was crushed in a cell crusher. The setting conditions were: 3 mm rod, 50% power, working time of 20 min at 4°C, ultrasound for 5 s, and interval of 5 s. Take 1 mL of the crushed sample and 5 mL of Coomassie Brilliant Blue, incubate at 30°C for 5 min, and measure its absorbance at a wavelength of 595 nm. Substitute the measured bovine serum protein concentration-absorbance calibration curve to calculate the PN content. It is reported that the protein content is about 1 / 2 of the biomass, so the bioburden is calculated. The bioactive functional material in Example 1 and the material in Comparative Example 1 were tested separately, and the results are as follows Figure 4 As shown. On the 60th day, the bioload of the bioactive functional material also showed a gradually increasing trend with the increase of time. Compared with the material in Comparative Example 1, its effect is also an optimal choice.

[0074] Figure 6 A graph showing the biomass of the bioactive functional material of the present invention as a function of air-drying time; The response surface software Design-Expert was used to calculate the simulated bioburden, with OD as the x-axis, changing the immersion time, and fixing the air-drying time at 60 h. The results are as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the results showed that the optimum OD range was 0.55-0.71, the best immersion time was 72h, and the maximum loading capacity could reach 174.96mg / L.

[0075] At the same time, the response surface software Design-Expert was used to calculate the formula, with the air-drying time as the x-axis, the immersion time was changed, the OD was fixed at 0.6, and the simulated bioburden was calculated. The results showed that the optimal air-drying time range was 46-67h, the optimal immersion time was 72h, and the maximum bioburden could reach 1283.85mg / L.

[0076] The present invention is described by the above specific embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and equivalent substitutions may be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. The parts not described in detail in the present specification are known to those skilled in the art. In addition, various modifications may be made to the present invention for specific situations or specific circumstances without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the disclosed specific embodiments, but should include all embodiments falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bioactive functional material, characterized in that: The bioactive functional material is composed of the following raw materials in weight ratio: 20-40 parts of skeleton material, 20-40 parts of nutrient slow-release material, 40-60 parts of VOCs adsorption material, 2-5 parts of adhesive, 0.1-1 parts of high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria, and 10-30 parts of polymer plastic material; The particle size of the bioactive functional material is 8-30 mm, and the bulk density is 140-175 Kg / m 3 , porosity greater than 65%, total protein greater than 520 mg / L, specific surface area greater than 200 m 2 / m³; The polymer plastic material comprises an outer layer structure and a hollow inner cavity, the inner cavity has a rough surface, and the outer layer structure comprises at least three fins arranged radially.

2. The bioactive functional material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skeleton material is a material containing difficult-to-biodegrade fibers, the nutrient slow-release material is a material that can provide a carbon source for microorganisms, and the VOCs adsorption material is a material with strong VOCs adsorption capacity; The highly efficient functional degradation bacteria are artificially separated highly efficient degradation bacteria or strains; The adhesive is a glue without biological toxicity, the bonding strength of the glue is greater than 3MPa, the viscosity is greater than 50mPa·s, and the curing time is within 6h.

3. The bioactive functional material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The skeleton material includes sawdust and polyurethane, the nutrient slow-release material includes wheat bran and sawdust, the VOCs adsorption material is activated carbon particles; the high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria include dichloromethane degradation bacteria and / or n-hexane degradation bacteria; The particle size of the activated carbon particles is less than 5 mm, and the surface area of ​​the sawdust is less than 10×10 mm 2 .

4. The bioactive functional material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The polymer plastic material is in any one or more of a spherical shape, a square shape or a spiral shape.

5. A method for preparing a bioactive functional material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: 1) The skeleton material, the nutrient slow-release material, and the VOCs adsorption material are molded into a preform according to the weight ratio of claim 1, and the shape of the preform matches the inner cavity of the polymer plastic material; 2) Soak the preform in non-biotoxic glue for bonding for 0.5 to 2 hours; 3) drying the bonded preforms and filling them into the polymer plastic material to obtain fillers, the drying temperature is 30-70° C., and the drying time is 20-30 hours; 4) OD of high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria after high-density fermentation 600 After reaching 0.4-0.8, the filler is immersed therein for 36-96 hours, and the colonization is completed after the bioload of the filler is greater than 1200 mg / L. The filler is air-dried in a ventilated place for 36-72 hours to obtain the bioactive functional material.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The high-density fermentation process is specifically as follows: inoculating microorganisms in a culture medium and fermenting at 25-35° C. for 12-36 hours; the microorganisms are high-efficiency functional degradation bacteria; and the culture medium is Luria-Bertani culture medium, R2A agar culture medium, or potato glucose culture medium.

7. A bioactive functional material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, and use of the bioactive functional material prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that: The bioactive functional material is used for treating waste gas.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that The biologically active functional material is placed in a biotrickling filter device or a biofiltration device to treat waste gas.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that The volume proportion of the biologically active functional material in the biological trickling filter device or the biological filtration device is 40-60%.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that The storage time of the biologically active functional material is more than half a year; The removal rate of the bioactive functional material for dichloromethane is greater than 90%; the removal rate for n-hexane is 60% to 90%.

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