Mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a state monitoring and instability emergency device for a mine hydraulic support. The state monitoring and instability emergency device comprises a monitoring mechanism, an anti-falling mechanism and an anti-toppling mechanism. The monitoring mechanism is used for monitoring and obtaining the inclination angle of the hydraulic support and the falling speed of the top beam and transmitting operation instructions to the falling prevention mechanism and the toppling prevention mechanism. The anti-falling mechanism is used for providing anti-falling supporting force for the hydraulic support top beam in the falling state. The anti-toppling mechanism is used for pushing and resetting the inclined hydraulic support. According to the device and the method, intelligent data analysis capability is achieved, multi-parameter fusion monitoring is achieved, the condition of the hydraulic support can be monitored in time, and damage to the support and related equipment caused by the conditions that the hydraulic support topples over due to excessive inclination, a hydraulic system of the support breaks down or a top beam suddenly falls due to other external factors is effectively prevented. The wireless communication technology is applied, early warning signals can be sent out in time, and relevant information and distress signals are sent to an overground dispatching department so that rescue can be carried out in the first time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and in particular to a device and method for monitoring the state of a mine hydraulic support and for emergency response to instability. Background Art

[0002] Mine hydraulic supports are important supporting equipment for fully mechanized mining working faces in underground coal mines. The stability of their working state is crucial to the safe production of coal mines. During coal mining, due to the complex geological conditions and mining processes, the hydraulic supports may tilt or the top beam may suddenly fall. If such tilt or fall is not discovered and handled in time, it may lead to serious safety accidents such as support instability and roof collapse, posing a huge threat to coal mine production and personnel safety.

[0003] Traditional monitoring methods often rely on manual inspections, which are not only inefficient, but also difficult to ensure accuracy and timeliness. With the development of science and technology, the demand for real-time, accurate and automatic monitoring of the tilt state of mining hydraulic supports is becoming increasingly urgent.

[0004] Chinese patent publication number CN 1208118 A discloses a hydraulic support tilt state monitoring device, which can present the tilt state and its change of the hydraulic support through a tilt state sensor and a monitoring circuit, but it also has shortcomings: first, it lacks high-precision and high-sensitivity monitoring characteristics; second, it does not have intelligent data analysis capabilities, and does not apply wireless communication technology; third, it is unable to transmit the status information of the hydraulic support to the ground dispatch center in time; fourth, the monitoring device is not equipped with an infrared temperature sensor, and it is unable to send back information on whether there are people on the scene and whether people may be injured or killed, causing the ground staff to only know that the support is tilted, but do not understand the specific conditions on the scene, and thus cannot formulate relevant response measures in time, and ultimately miss the good opportunity for rescue; fifth, it is not equipped with an audible and visual alarm device. When the hydraulic support tilts, it is unable to promptly remind the on-site staff to stay away from the dangerous area, and no emergency handling device is set up to greatly reduce casualties and equipment damage.

[0005] The anti-dumping device for a hydraulic support disclosed in Chinese patent publication number CN 218882185 U includes a hydraulic support top beam, a telescopic support structure and an insertion part, wherein the insertion part can be detachably arranged on the connection part, and its function is to be inserted into the ground to achieve stable positioning. However, the operation of inserting into the ground will have a certain impact on the working surface, causing potholes on the ground, which is quite unfavorable for the movement of the hydraulic support in the later stage. In addition, the structural hardness of the ground will also have a negative impact on the device, resulting in relatively weak adaptability. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for monitoring the state of a mine hydraulic support and for emergency response to instability.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: A mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency device comprises a monitoring mechanism, an anti-falling mechanism and an anti-dumping mechanism; the monitoring mechanism is used to monitor and obtain the inclination angle and the falling speed of the top beam of the hydraulic support, and transmit operation instructions to the anti-falling mechanism and the anti-dumping mechanism; the anti-falling mechanism is used to provide anti-falling support force for the top beam of the hydraulic support in a falling state; the anti-dumping mechanism is used to push and reset the inclined hydraulic support.

[0008] Furthermore, the monitoring mechanism includes a monitoring module, which includes an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a PCB control board, a data processing module, and an RS485 control circuit; the acceleration sensor is used to obtain the real-time falling speed of the top beam of the hydraulic support; the gyroscope sensor is used to obtain the real-time inclination angle of the hydraulic support; the data processing module is arranged on the PCB control board, for receiving and processing the monitoring data transmitted by the acceleration sensor and the gyroscope sensor and generating operation instructions, and transmitting the operation instructions to the anti-falling mechanism and the anti-dumping mechanism in real time through the RS485 circuit.

[0009] Furthermore, the monitoring mechanism also includes an infrared temperature sensor and a 5G communication module; the infrared temperature sensor is used to monitor and obtain the body temperature data of workers inside the tunnel; the 5G communication module is electrically connected to the data processing module, and is used to transmit the information generated by the data processing module to the outside in real time.

[0010] Furthermore, the monitoring mechanism also includes a power supply module and an alarm module; the power supply module includes a battery and a generator, and the generator is electrically connected to the battery for providing electrical energy to the battery; the battery is electrically connected to the monitoring module and the alarm module, respectively, for supplying power to the monitoring module and the alarm module; the alarm module includes a warning light and a buzzer, and the warning light and the buzzer operate under the control of the monitoring module.

[0011] Furthermore, the monitoring mechanism also includes an explosion-proof shell, which is divided into a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber from top to bottom by a partition; the monitoring module is arranged in the first chamber, and the acceleration sensor is arranged in the middle position of the first chamber; the probe of the infrared temperature sensor is arranged through the side wall of the second chamber and is installed and fixed by a flexible metal conduit; the gyroscope sensor is arranged directly behind the acceleration sensor in the first chamber; the power supply module is arranged inside the second chamber, the battery is a replaceable lithium-ion battery, and the generator is a hand-cranked generator; the alarm module is arranged inside the third chamber, and the light of the warning light is set to red light or orange light.

[0012] Furthermore, the data processing module is provided with a connection port and a data processing chip; the connection port is used to connect a sensor; the data processing chip is a STM32F103 chip or a TMS320F28335 chip, which is used to set a monitoring data threshold.

[0013] Furthermore, the monitoring mechanism is installed on the hydraulic support of the tunnel roof through a magnetic attraction plate, the magnetic attraction plate is arranged on the top of the monitoring mechanism, and a magnetic isolation plate is arranged between the magnetic attraction plate and the monitoring mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, the anti-dumping mechanism includes a base, a first support column, a second support column, a third support column and a first telescopic motor; the first support column is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the base, and its interior is hollow; the second support column is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base, and its interior is hollow; the third support column is arranged in an L shape, one end of which is fixed to the outer surface of the first support column by a buckle, and the other end extends downward into the interior of the second support column; the first telescopic motor is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom end surface of the second support column, and is provided with a first push rod, and can push the first push rod to perform linear telescopic extension and contraction upward or downward in the vertical direction.

[0015] Furthermore, by installing RS485 communication circuits on the circuit control board of the first telescopic motor and on the PCB control board of the monitoring module respectively, the monitoring module can realize real-time control of the first telescopic motor.

[0016] Furthermore, the stroke of the first push rod is set to a maximum stroke for pushing the third support column to maintain the hydraulic support in a vertical state.

[0017] Furthermore, the anti-falling mechanism includes a clamping member, a fourth support column, a compression spring group 705 and a snap-on fixing member; the clamping member is arranged at the top of the fourth support column, and is used to clamp and fix the hydraulic support at the top plate of the tunnel; the compression spring group 705 is fixedly arranged inside the first support column, and is used to buffer the impact force generated when the fourth support column falls; the snap-on fixing structure includes a through hole opened in the upper section of the first support column, a spring pin arranged at the bottom section of the fourth support column, and a second telescopic motor arranged on the inner side of the first support column; a card plate is provided at the top of the second push rod of the second telescopic motor, and a protrusion matching the through hole is provided on the surface of the card plate. When the hydraulic support does not have a falling action that needs to be corrected, the second telescopic motor keeps the second push rod in an extended state, and the protrusion of the card plate is embedded in the through hole; the spring pin is buried at the bottom end side of the fourth support column. When the hydraulic support has a falling action that needs to be corrected, the second telescopic motor drives the second push rod to retract, and the spring pin protrudes outward and is embedded in the through hole.

[0018] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism is configured as a U-shaped clamp, including a group of relatively arranged L-shaped clamps and a square tube for fixing the L-shaped clamps; the square tube is fixedly installed on the top of the fourth support column, and the L-shaped clamps are connected by springs buried inside the square tube.

[0019] Furthermore, by installing RS485 communication circuits on the circuit control board of the second telescopic motor and on the PCB control board of the monitoring module respectively, real-time control of the second telescopic motor by the monitoring module is realized; through the telescopic operation of the second push rod, the spring pin can be embedded in or out of the through hole, thereby obtaining a falling buffer or state reset of the hydraulic support.

[0020] Furthermore, the stroke of the second push rod is set so that the protrusion of the clamping plate is embedded in the through hole, and the top of the protrusion is flush with the inner side surface of the first support column.

[0021] Furthermore, the elastic force of the compression spring group 705 is set to be smaller than the total gravity of the fourth support column and the top beam of the hydraulic support.

[0022] A method for monitoring the state of a mine hydraulic support and for emergency response to instability, using the above device, includes the following steps: S1, based on the field monitoring data and laboratory experimental data of the fully mechanized mining face, analyze and determine the appropriate inclination angle threshold and falling speed threshold, define the inclination angle threshold as threshold 1 and the falling speed threshold as threshold 2, and write threshold 1 and threshold 2 into the data processing chip; S2, completing the installation of the monitoring mechanism, the anti-falling mechanism and the anti-dumping mechanism at the set position of the tunnel, and numbering, debugging and incorporating the state monitoring and instability emergency devices into the underground gateway operation; S3, the data processing module receives the monitoring data transmitted by the acceleration sensor, infrared temperature sensor and gyroscope sensor, and performs data processing, threshold comparison and command transmission, specifically: When the tilt angle of the hydraulic support is less than the threshold value 1: the warning light and buzzer are turned off, the second telescopic motor of the anti-falling mechanism does not work; the first telescopic motor of the anti-dumping mechanism works, pushing the hydraulic support back to the center; When the tilt angle of the hydraulic support is ≧ threshold 1: the warning light and buzzer start to emit an audible and visual alarm to remind nearby workers to evacuate quickly; the first telescopic motor of the anti-dumping mechanism works to push the hydraulic support back to the center or provide temporary support for it; the 5G communication module transmits the location information of the hydraulic support dumping point and rescue information to the ground dispatch center, prompting rescue and handling operations; When the falling speed of the hydraulic support is less than threshold 2: the warning light and buzzer are turned off, the first telescopic motor of the anti-dumping mechanism does not work; the second telescopic motor of the anti-falling mechanism works to support the hydraulic support to prevent it from falling further; When the falling speed of the hydraulic support is ≧ threshold 2: the warning light and buzzer are activated to emit an audible and visual alarm, reminding nearby workers to evacuate quickly; the second telescopic motor of the anti-falling mechanism works, and the fourth support column is emergency braked, that is, when the hydraulic support of the top beam falls, the spring pin of the fourth support column extends out and embeds into the through hole of the first support column, providing temporary support for the fourth support column; the 5G communication module transmits the falling point location information and rescue information of the hydraulic support to the ground dispatching center, prompting rescue and handling operations.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S1, the field monitoring data include the tilt angle range of the hydraulic support and the optimal live column extension and retraction speed data, and the laboratory experimental data include the tilt angle range of the support and the optimal live column extension and retraction speed data of the laboratory theoretical simulation and model test.

[0024] Furthermore, the retraction speed of the piston is set to 10 cm-20 cm per minute, and the tilt angle range of the hydraulic support is set to 7°-10°.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The mine hydraulic support status monitoring and instability emergency emergency device and method recorded in the present invention, by setting up a data processing module, has intelligent data analysis capabilities, realizes multi-parameter fusion monitoring, can timely monitor the status of the hydraulic support, and effectively prevent the damage to the support itself and related equipment caused by excessive tilting causing the hydraulic support to topple, failure of the support hydraulic system or other external factors causing the top beam to suddenly fall.

[0026] By setting up a 5G communication module and applying wireless communication technology, early warning signals can be transmitted in a timely manner, and relevant information and distress signals can be sent to the ground dispatch department so that rescue can be launched as soon as possible.

[0027] By setting up an anti-falling mechanism, the spring pins of the clip-fixing components are automatically locked to prevent the top beam of the hydraulic support from falling; by setting up an anti-dumping mechanism, the telescopic explosion-proof motor on the corresponding side can prevent the hydraulic support from tipping over; a buzzer and a warning light can be set up to issue sound and light warnings while the anti-falling mechanism and the anti-dumping mechanism are operating, reminding nearby workers to evacuate in time, significantly reducing casualties and equipment maintenance costs, and greatly extending the service life of the equipment.

[0028] The device described in the present invention can also be combined with the intelligent monitoring system of the mine to achieve remote real-time monitoring and management of the status of the hydraulic support, providing strong support for the digital and intelligent development of the mine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device in the exemplary embodiment; Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of the monitoring mechanism structure in an exemplary embodiment; Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the anti-falling mechanism and the anti-dumping mechanism in the exemplary embodiment; Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the clamping component structure of the anti-falling mechanism; Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the buckle fixing component of the anti-falling mechanism; Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the device installation position in the exemplary embodiment; Figure 7 : Flow chart of the method of using the device in the exemplary embodiment.

[0030] Explanation of symbols 101-explosion-proof housing, 102-first chamber, 103-second chamber, 104-third chamber; 201-acceleration sensor, 202-infrared temperature sensor, 203-flexible metal conduit, 204-gyroscope sensor, 205-PCB control board, 206-data processing module, 207-5G communication module; 301-battery, 302-generator; 401- warning light, 402- buzzer; 501-magnetic attraction plate, 502-magnetic isolation plate; 601-base, 602-first support column, 603-second support column, 604-third support column, 605-first telescopic motor, 606-first push rod; 701-L-shaped clamp, 702-square tube, 703-spring, 704-fourth support column, 705-compression spring group, 706-through hole, 707-spring pin, 708-second telescopic motor, 709 second push rod, 710-card plate, 711-protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] It should be noted that: 1. Certain words are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art should understand that technicians may use different nouns to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not use the difference in nouns as a way to distinguish components, but use the difference in components' functions as the criterion for distinction.

[0032] 2. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] 3. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the common meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components.

[0034] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 7 , the present invention is described in detail by way of embodiments.

[0035] This embodiment describes a mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency device, including a monitoring mechanism, an anti-falling mechanism, and an anti-dumping mechanism.

[0036] The monitoring mechanism includes an explosion-proof housing 101, a monitoring module, a power supply module and an alarm module.

[0037] The explosion-proof housing 101 is divided into a first chamber 102 , a second chamber 103 and a third chamber 104 from top to bottom by partitions.

[0038] Preferably, the explosion-proof housing 101 is provided with a hollow interlayer, which is convenient for laying out circuits therein and can also reduce its overall weight.

[0039] The monitoring module is arranged in the first chamber 102 , and includes an acceleration sensor 201 , an infrared temperature sensor 202 , a gyroscope sensor 204 , a PCB control board 205 , a data processing module 206 and a 5G communication module 207 .

[0040] The acceleration sensor 201 is preferably arranged in the middle of the first chamber 102, and its monitoring object is the top beam of the hydraulic support at the top plate of the tunnel, and is used to obtain the real-time falling speed of the top beam of the hydraulic support and reflect the contraction speed of the piston.

[0041] The infrared temperature sensor 202 is disposed inside the first chamber 102 and is used to monitor and obtain the body temperature of workers inside the tunnel, thereby reflecting the vital signs or gathering locations of the workers.

[0042] Preferably, the probe of the infrared temperature sensor 202 is installed through the side wall of the second chamber 103 and is installed and fixed by a flexible metal conduit 203, so as to adjust its scanning range and angle according to the actual working conditions of the coal mining face.

[0043] The gyro sensor 204 is preferably arranged directly behind the acceleration sensor 201 of the first chamber 102, and its monitoring object is the column part of the hydraulic support, that is, the vertical supporting structure of the hydraulic support, for obtaining the real-time tilt angle of the hydraulic support and reflecting the tilt state of the hydraulic support.

[0044] The data processing module 206 and the 5G communication module 207 are installed on the PCB control board 205 .

[0045] The 5G communication module 207 is electrically connected to the data processing module 206 and is used to transmit the information generated by the data processing module 206 to the outside in real time, for example, to the ground dispatching center of the mine.

[0046] The data processing module 206 is installed on the PCB control board 205 and is mainly provided with a connection port and a data processing chip.

[0047] The wiring port connects the acceleration sensor 201, the infrared temperature sensor 202 and the gyroscope sensor 204. Through the wiring port, the data processing chip can receive and process the monitoring data transmitted by the sensor, and transmit operation instructions to the alarm module and the motors arranged at the anti-falling mechanism and the anti-dumping mechanism to control the operation of the alarm module and the motor.

[0048] The data processing chip can specifically adopt the STM32F103 chip of the STM32 series, or the TMS320F28335 chip of the TITMS320 series. By writing the corresponding data processing program, it is used to set the sensor monitoring data threshold, so as to transmit the operation instruction to the alarm module and the motor set at the anti-falling mechanism and the anti-dumping mechanism according to the set threshold.

[0049] The power supply module is arranged inside the second chamber 103 , and includes a replaceable lithium-ion battery 301 and a small hand-cranked generator 302 .

[0050] The generator 302 is electrically connected to the battery 301, and is used to provide electric energy to the battery 301. The hand-cranked generator 302 can better adapt to the production environment in the mine and maintain stable and continuous power supply.

[0051] The storage battery 301 is electrically connected to the monitoring module and the alarm module respectively, and is used to supply power to the monitoring module and the alarm module.

[0052] The alarm module is arranged inside the third chamber 104, and includes a warning light 401 and a buzzer 402. The warning light 401 and the buzzer 402 operate under the control of the monitoring module. To obtain a better alarm effect, the warning light 401 is set to a red light or an orange light with strong penetration.

[0053] The monitoring mechanism is installed on the hydraulic support of the tunnel roof through the magnetic attraction plate 501. The magnetic attraction plate 501 is fixedly arranged on the top of the first chamber 102, and a magnetic isolation plate 502 is arranged between the magnetic attraction plate 501 and the top of the first chamber 102.

[0054] The magnetic plate 501 utilizes strong magnetic attraction to stably install the monitoring mechanism on the hydraulic support at the top plate of the tunnel, and can conveniently adjust its installation position and installation angle according to measurement and actual use requirements to better complete the monitoring operation of the hydraulic support.

[0055] The magnetic isolation plate 502 is disposed at the bottom of the magnetic attraction plate 501, which can prevent the interference of magnetic force on the monitoring module inside the first chamber 102 and maintain the normal operation of the monitoring module.

[0056] The anti-dumping mechanism includes a base 601 , a first support column 602 , a second support column 603 , a third support column 604 and a first telescopic motor 605 .

[0057] The first support column 602 is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the base 601 and is hollow inside.

[0058] The second support columns 603 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base 601 and are hollow inside.

[0059] The third support column 604 is configured to be L-shaped, one end of which is fixed to the outer surface of the first support column 602 by a buckle, and the other end extends downward into the second support column 603.

[0060] The first telescopic motor 605 is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom end surface of the second support column 603. The first telescopic motor 605 is provided with a first push rod 606. Under the power drive, the first push rod 606 can be linearly telescoped upward or downward in the vertical direction.

[0061] By installing RS485 communication circuits on the circuit control board of the first telescopic motor 605 and the PCB control board 205 of the monitoring module respectively, the monitoring module can realize real-time control of the first telescopic motor 605. By applying thrust to the third support column 604 through the first push rod 606, the hydraulic support that has tilted slightly can be reset to a stable supporting state.

[0062] Attach Figure 3 Take this as an example to illustrate this: when the hydraulic support tilts to the left / right side, the first support column 602 tilts synchronously; the first telescopic motor 605 located inside the left / right second support column 603 operates, the first push rod 606 moves upward, and the thrust acts on the first support column 602 through the third support column 604, thereby driving the hydraulic support to reset.

[0063] In order to obtain a better hydraulic support resetting effect, it is necessary to set a fixed stroke of the first push rod 606. The fixed stroke of the first push rod 606 should be set to a maximum stroke for pushing the third support column 604 to the hydraulic support to maintain a vertical state.

[0064] The fixed stroke of the first push rod 606 is mainly achieved by means of a motor built-in limit switch, encoder control, and PLC control. The above three methods are commonly used in motor control, and this embodiment will not make a one-to-one principle description of them. However, since this embodiment preferably adopts the built-in limit switch method to control the motor push rod stroke, the principle is briefly described as follows: by setting a limit switch inside or outside the motor, when the push rod moves to a preset position, the limit switch is triggered and the power is cut off, thereby preventing the push rod from continuing to move, thereby achieving the purpose of setting the stroke. The limit switch can be a two-end touch type or a cam type, depending on the design requirements and actual application scenarios.

[0065] The anti-falling mechanism includes a clamping member, a fourth support column 704, a compression spring group 705 and a buckle fixing member.

[0066] The clamping member is arranged on the top of the fourth support column 704, and is used to clamp and fix the hydraulic support at the top plate of the tunnel. The clamping mechanism is arranged as a U-shaped clamp, including a set of L-shaped clamps 701 arranged opposite to each other, and a square tube 702 for fixing the L-shaped clamps 701. The square tube 702 is fixedly installed on the top of the fourth support column 704, and the L-shaped clamps 701 are connected by springs 703 buried inside the square tube 702. Through the elastic force of the spring 703, the L-shaped clamps 701 can adjust their relative distance, so that the clamping member is suitable for hydraulic supports of different sizes.

[0067] The compression spring group 705 is fixedly disposed inside the first support column 602 to buffer the impact force generated when the fourth support column 704 falls.

[0068] The buckle fixing structure includes a through hole 706 provided at the upper section of the first support column 602 , a spring pin 707 provided at the bottom section of the fourth support column 704 , and a second telescopic motor 708 provided at the inner side of the first support column 602 .

[0069] A clamping plate 710 is provided on the top of the second push rod 709 of the second telescopic motor 708, and a protrusion 711 is provided on the surface of the clamping plate 710 to match the through hole 706. When the hydraulic support does not fall down to be corrected, the second telescopic motor 708 keeps the second push rod 709 in an extended state, that is, the protrusion 711 of the clamping plate 710 is embedded in the through hole 706.

[0070] The spring pin 707 is embedded in the bottom side of the fourth support column 704. When the hydraulic support undergoes a falling movement that needs to be corrected, the second telescopic motor 708 drives the second push rod 709 to retract, and the spring pin 707 protrudes outward and is embedded in the through hole 706.

[0071] By installing RS485 communication circuits on the circuit control board of the second telescopic motor 708 and the PCB control board 205 of the monitoring module respectively, the monitoring module can realize real-time control of the second telescopic motor 708. Through the telescopic operation of the second push rod 709, the spring pin 707 can be embedded in or disengaged from the through hole 706, thereby achieving falling buffering or state resetting of the hydraulic support.

[0072] Attach Figure 5 Take this as an example to illustrate this: when the hydraulic support falls, the monitoring module controls the second telescopic motor 708 to operate, drive the second push rod 709 to retract, and the protrusion 711 on the card plate 710 disengages from the through hole 706; synchronously, the spring pin 707 of the fourth support column 704 protrudes outward and embeds into the through hole 706, completing the support of the fourth support column 704; after the danger of falling is eliminated, the second telescopic motor 708 operates to drive the second push rod 709 to be pushed out, and the protrusion 711 on the card plate 710 pushes the spring pin 707 out of the through hole 706, and the state of the fourth support column 704 is reset.

[0073] The fixed stroke of the second push rod 709 is set such that the protrusion 711 of the clamping plate 710 is embedded in the through hole 706, and the top of the protrusion 711 is flush with the inner side of the first support column 602. The fixed stroke of the second push rod 709 is also set by the motor built-in limit switch.

[0074] In this embodiment, 1. The number of through holes 706, spring pins 707 and protrusions 711 of the clamping plate 710 should be set accordingly, and the number should be increased or decreased according to the actual working conditions.

[0075] 2. The elastic force of the compression spring group 705 can push the fourth support column 704 upward to the tunnel roof, but its elastic force should be set to be smaller than the total gravity of the fourth support column 704 and the hydraulic support top beam. In this way, the total height of the anti-falling mechanism can change synchronously with the height of the hydraulic support top beam without affecting the normal use of the hydraulic support.

[0076] During the underground operation of coal mines, due to objective factors such as fully mechanized mining and ground stress, the hydraulic support will inevitably tilt and fall to varying degrees. Therefore, in this embodiment, the monitoring data threshold should be reasonably set to ensure normal production operations. The specific settings are: 1. Set the tilt angle threshold of the hydraulic support to threshold 1.

[0077] When the tilt angle of the hydraulic support is less than the threshold value 1: the warning light 401 and the buzzer 402 are turned off, the second telescopic motor 708 of the anti-falling mechanism does not work; the first telescopic motor 605 of the anti-dumping mechanism works, pushing the hydraulic support back to the normal position; When the tilt angle of the hydraulic support is ≧threshold 1: the warning light 401 and the buzzer 402 are activated to emit an audible and visual alarm, reminding nearby workers to evacuate quickly; the first telescopic motor 605 of the anti-dumping mechanism works to push the hydraulic support back to the center or provide temporary support for it; the 5G communication module 207 transmits the location information of the hydraulic support dumping point and rescue information to the ground dispatch center, prompting rescue and handling operations.

[0078] 2. Set the falling speed threshold of the hydraulic support to threshold 2.

[0079] When the falling speed of the hydraulic support is less than the threshold value 2: the warning light 401 and the buzzer 402 are turned off, the first telescopic motor 605 of the anti-dumping mechanism does not work; the second telescopic motor 708 of the anti-falling mechanism works to support the hydraulic support to prevent it from falling further; When the falling speed of the hydraulic support is ≧threshold 2: the warning light 401 and the buzzer 402 start to emit an audible and visual alarm to remind nearby workers to evacuate quickly; the second telescopic motor 708 of the anti-falling mechanism works to perform emergency braking on the fourth support column 704, that is, when the hydraulic support of the top beam falls, the spring pin 707 of the fourth support column 704 extends out and embeds into the through hole 706 of the first support column 602, providing temporary support for the fourth support column 704; the 5G communication module 207 transmits the falling point location information and rescue information of the hydraulic support to the ground dispatching center, prompting rescue and handling operations.

[0080] According to the above-mentioned mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency device, this embodiment also records a mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency method, including the following steps: S1, based on the field monitoring data and laboratory experimental data of the fully mechanized mining face, analyze and determine the appropriate inclination angle threshold and falling speed threshold, define the inclination angle threshold as threshold 1 and the falling speed threshold as threshold 2, and write threshold 1 and threshold 2 into the data processing chip; Specifically: On-site testing of the tilt angle range of the hydraulic support and the optimal live column extension speed data, laboratory theoretical simulation and model testing of the tilt angle range of the support and the optimal live column extension speed data; comprehensive calculation to set the optimal tilt angle range and the optimal live column extension speed; and then formulate the final warning threshold based on this; Generally, the retraction speed of the active column will be set according to the on-site conditions of the coal mine. The retraction speed of the active column is generally 10cm-20cm per minute, which can be adjusted according to the actual coal mining conditions and mining environment; Generally speaking, the hydraulic support can be tilted at an angle of 7°-10°. If it exceeds this limit, the support may tip over. If it does not exceed this limit, it can be corrected through the anti-tipping mechanism. The specific adjustment can be made according to the actual coal mining conditions and mining environment. The tiltable angle range refers to the angle between the hydraulic support base 601 and the ground, that is, the degree of deviation from the original angle by comparing the current angle measured by the gyroscope with the angle displayed when entering the well, because this device is also suitable for mining inclined coal seams.

[0081] S2, completing the installation of the monitoring mechanism, the anti-falling mechanism and the anti-dumping mechanism at the set position of the tunnel, and numbering, debugging and incorporating the state monitoring and instability emergency devices into the underground gateway operation; S3, the data processing module 206 receives the monitoring data transmitted by the acceleration sensor 201, the infrared temperature sensor 202 and the gyroscope sensor 204, and performs data processing, threshold comparison and instruction transmission, specifically: When the tilt angle of the hydraulic support is less than the threshold value 1: the warning light 401 and the buzzer 402 are turned off, the second telescopic motor 708 of the anti-falling mechanism does not work; the first telescopic motor 605 of the anti-dumping mechanism works, pushing the hydraulic support back to the normal position; When the tilt angle of the hydraulic support is ≧threshold 1: the warning light 401 and the buzzer 402 start to emit an audible and visual alarm to remind nearby workers to evacuate quickly; the first telescopic motor 605 of the anti-dumping mechanism works to push the hydraulic support back to the center or provide temporary support for it; the 5G communication module 207 transmits the location information of the hydraulic support dumping point and rescue information to the ground dispatch center, prompting rescue and handling operations; When the falling speed of the hydraulic support is less than the threshold value 2: the warning light 401 and the buzzer 402 are turned off, the first telescopic motor 605 of the anti-dumping mechanism does not work; the second telescopic motor 708 of the anti-falling mechanism works to support the hydraulic support to prevent it from falling further; When the falling speed of the hydraulic support is ≧threshold 2: the warning light 401 and the buzzer 402 start to emit an audible and visual alarm to remind nearby workers to evacuate quickly; the second telescopic motor 708 of the anti-falling mechanism works to perform emergency braking on the fourth support column 704, that is, when the hydraulic support of the top beam falls, the spring pin 707 of the fourth support column 704 extends out and embeds into the through hole 706 of the first support column 602, providing temporary support for the fourth support column 704; the 5G communication module 207 transmits the falling point location information and rescue information of the hydraulic support to the ground dispatching center, prompting rescue and handling operations.

[0082] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency device, characterized in that: Including monitoring mechanism, anti-falling mechanism, and anti-dumping mechanism; The monitoring mechanism is used to monitor and obtain the inclination angle of the hydraulic support and the falling speed of the top beam, and transmit operating instructions to the anti-falling mechanism and the anti-dumping mechanism; The anti-falling mechanism is used to provide an anti-falling support force for the top beam of the hydraulic support in a falling state; The anti-dumping mechanism is used to push and reset the tilted hydraulic support.

2. A mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring mechanism includes a monitoring module, and the monitoring module includes an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a PCB control board, a data processing module, and an RS485 control circuit; The acceleration sensor is used to obtain the real-time falling speed of the top beam of the hydraulic support; The gyro sensor is used to obtain the real-time tilt angle of the hydraulic support; The data processing module is arranged on the PCB control board, and is used for receiving and processing the monitoring data transmitted by the acceleration sensor and the gyroscope sensor and generating operation instructions, and transmitting the operation instructions to the anti-falling mechanism and the anti-dumping mechanism in real time through the RS485 circuit.

3. A mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring mechanism also includes an infrared temperature sensor, a 5G communication module, a power supply module, and an alarm module; The infrared temperature sensor is used to monitor and obtain the body temperature data of workers inside the tunnel; The 5G communication module is electrically connected to the data processing module, and is used to transmit the information generated by the data processing module to the outside in real time; The power supply module includes a battery and a generator, and the generator is electrically connected to the battery to provide electrical energy to the battery; The storage battery is electrically connected to the monitoring module and the alarm module respectively, and is used to supply power to the monitoring module and the alarm module; The alarm module includes a warning light and a buzzer, and the warning light and the buzzer operate under the control of the monitoring module.

4. A mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The monitoring mechanism also includes an explosion-proof housing, which is divided into a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber from top to bottom by a partition; The monitoring module is arranged in the first chamber, and the acceleration sensor is arranged in the middle of the first chamber; the probe of the infrared temperature sensor is arranged through the side wall of the second chamber and is installed and fixed by a flexible metal conduit; the gyroscope sensor is arranged directly behind the acceleration sensor in the first chamber; The power supply module is arranged inside the second chamber, the battery is a replaceable lithium-ion battery, and the generator is a hand-cranked generator; The alarm module is arranged inside the third chamber, and the light of the warning light is set to red light or orange light.

5. A mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The data processing module is provided with a connection port and a data processing chip; the connection port is used to connect a sensor; the data processing chip is a STM32F103 chip or a TMS320F28335 chip, which is used to set a monitoring data threshold; The monitoring mechanism is installed on the hydraulic support of the tunnel roof through a magnetic attraction plate, the magnetic attraction plate is arranged on the top of the monitoring mechanism, and a magnetic isolation plate is arranged between the magnetic attraction plate and the monitoring mechanism.

6. A mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-dumping mechanism comprises a base, a first support column, a second support column, a third support column and a first telescopic motor; The first support column is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the base, and its interior is hollow; The second support columns are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base, and are hollow inside; The third support column is configured in an L shape, one end of which is fixedly embraced with the outer surface of the first support column by a buckle, and the other end extends downward into the interior of the second support column; The first telescopic motor is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom end surface of the second supporting column and is provided with a first push rod, and can push the first push rod to perform linear telescopic movement upward or downward in the vertical direction.

7. A mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency device according to claim 6, characterized in that: By installing RS485 communication circuits on the circuit control board of the first telescopic motor and on the PCB control board of the monitoring module respectively, the monitoring module can realize real-time control of the first telescopic motor; the stroke of the first push rod is set to the maximum stroke for pushing the third support column to maintain the hydraulic support in a vertical state.

8. The device for monitoring the state of a mine hydraulic support and for emergency response to instability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-falling mechanism includes a clamping member, a fourth support column, a compression spring group 705 and a buckle fixing member; The clamping member is arranged on the top of the fourth support column and is used to clamp and fix the hydraulic support at the top plate of the tunnel; The compression spring group is fixedly arranged inside the first support column and is used to buffer the impact force generated when the fourth support column falls; The buckle fixing structure includes a through hole provided in the upper section of the first support column, a spring pin provided in the lower section of the fourth support column, and a second telescopic motor provided inside the first support column; A clamping plate is provided on the top of the second push rod of the second telescopic motor, and a protrusion matching the through hole is provided on the surface of the clamping plate. When the hydraulic support does not have a falling action that needs to be corrected, the second telescopic motor keeps the second push rod in an extended state, and the protrusion of the clamping plate is embedded in the through hole; The spring pin is embedded in the side surface of the bottom end of the fourth support column. When the hydraulic support undergoes a falling action that needs to be corrected, the second telescopic motor drives the second push rod to retract, and the spring pin protrudes outward and is embedded in the through hole.

9. A mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism is configured as a U-shaped clamp, including a group of relatively arranged L-shaped clamps and a square tube for fixing the L-shaped clamps; the square tube is fixedly installed on the top of the fourth support column, and the L-shaped clamps are connected by springs buried inside the square tube.

10. A mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency device according to claim 9, characterized in that: By installing RS485 communication circuits on the circuit control board of the second telescopic motor and the PCB control board of the monitoring module respectively, the monitoring module can realize real-time control of the second telescopic motor; through the telescopic operation of the second push rod, the spring pin can be embedded in or out of the through hole to obtain the falling buffer or state reset of the hydraulic support.

11. A method for monitoring the state of a mine hydraulic support and for emergency response to instability, using the device described in any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1, based on the field monitoring data and laboratory experimental data of the fully mechanized mining face, analyze and determine the appropriate inclination angle threshold and falling speed threshold, define the inclination angle threshold as threshold 1 and the falling speed threshold as threshold 2, and write threshold 1 and threshold 2 into the data processing chip; S2, completing the installation of the monitoring mechanism, the anti-falling mechanism and the anti-dumping mechanism at the set position of the tunnel, and numbering, debugging and incorporating the state monitoring and instability emergency devices into the underground gateway operation; S3, the data processing module receives the monitoring data transmitted by the acceleration sensor, infrared temperature sensor and gyroscope sensor, and performs data processing, threshold comparison and command transmission, specifically: When the tilt angle of the hydraulic support is less than the threshold value 1: the warning light and buzzer are turned off, the second telescopic motor of the anti-falling mechanism does not work; the first telescopic motor of the anti-dumping mechanism works, pushing the hydraulic support back to the center; When the tilt angle of the hydraulic support is ≧ threshold 1: the warning light and buzzer start to emit an audible and visual alarm to remind nearby workers to evacuate quickly; the first telescopic motor of the anti-dumping mechanism works to push the hydraulic support back to the center or provide temporary support for it; the 5G communication module transmits the location information of the hydraulic support dumping point and rescue information to the ground dispatch center, prompting rescue and handling operations; When the falling speed of the hydraulic support is less than threshold 2: the warning light and buzzer are turned off, the first telescopic motor of the anti-dumping mechanism does not work; the second telescopic motor of the anti-falling mechanism works to support the hydraulic support to prevent it from falling further; When the falling speed of the hydraulic support is ≧ threshold 2: the warning light and buzzer are activated to emit an audible and visual alarm, reminding nearby workers to evacuate quickly; the second telescopic motor of the anti-falling mechanism works, and the fourth support column is emergency braked, that is, when the hydraulic support of the top beam falls, the spring pin of the fourth support column extends out and embeds into the through hole of the first support column, providing temporary support for the fourth support column; the 5G communication module transmits the falling point location information and rescue information of the hydraulic support to the ground dispatching center, prompting rescue and handling operations.

12. A mine hydraulic support state monitoring and instability emergency device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The on-site monitoring data include the tilt angle range of the hydraulic support and the optimal live column extension and retraction speed data; the laboratory experimental data include the laboratory theoretical simulation and model test support tilt angle range and the optimal live column extension and retraction speed data; the live column retraction speed is set to 10cm-20cm per minute, and the tilt angle range of the hydraulic support is set to 7°-10°.

Images