Device and method for measuring microwave ice melting efficiency of wind driven generator

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind driven generator ice melting, and particularly relates to a device and method for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind driven generator, and the device comprises a microwave absorbing coating arranged on the surface of a wind driven generator blade, and at least one microwave generator installed at the bottom of the wind driven generator. The microwave generator faces the microwave absorbing coating on the blade of the wind driven generator through an arranged microwave guide pipe, a sensor is arranged in the wind driven generator, the microwave generator faces the blade of the wind driven generator through a connected microwave guide pipe, and the sensor judges whether the blade of the wind driven generator is frozen or not by comparing the non-frozen state and the frozen state. If the deviation of the gravity center in the working state exceeds a deviation threshold value, it is judged that the ice state is formed, and then the microwave ice melting system is started. According to the invention, the ice layer quality can be monitored in real time, the ice melting conditions under various conditions can be simulated by controlling the rotating speed and the microwave wavelength power, and rapid and accurate ice melting efficiency test can be realized, so that the ice melting device is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wind turbine de-icing, and in particular relates to a device and method for measuring microwave de-icing efficiency of a wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] A wind turbine is a device that converts wind energy into mechanical energy, and then converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. The wind rotor rotates under the action of wind force, converting the kinetic energy of the wind into the mechanical energy of the wind rotor shaft. The generator rotates and generates electricity under the drive of the wind rotor shaft. A wind turbine generally consists of components such as a wind rotor, a generator (including the device), a stabiliser (tail), a tower, a speed limiting safety mechanism, and an energy storage device. The wind rotor is a wind collecting device, and its function is to convert the kinetic energy of the flowing air into the mechanical energy of the wind rotor rotation; the generator converts the rotational mechanical energy output by the wind rotor shaft into electrical energy; the stabiliser enables the wind rotor of the wind turbine to face the wind direction at all times so as to obtain the maximum amount of wind energy; the tower is used to support the wind turbine generator set.

[0003] Problems with existing technologies:

[0004] During the operation of wind turbines, especially in cold climates, ice formation on the blades can significantly affect their performance and safety. The accumulation of ice not only reduces the energy output of wind turbines, but can also cause blade imbalance, mechanical damage, and even system failure. Traditional ice-melting methods usually rely on mechanical scraping or heating equipment, which often require downtime, resulting in production interruptions and efficiency losses. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for measuring the microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine, which can monitor the quality of the ice layer in real time, and can also simulate ice melting conditions under various conditions by controlling the rotation speed and microwave wavelength power, thereby achieving fast and accurate ice melting efficiency testing, thereby optimizing the ice melting device.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A device for measuring microwave de-icing efficiency of a wind turbine generator, comprising:

[0008] A microwave absorbing coating is provided on the surface of a wind turbine blade;

[0009] and, at least one microwave generator installed at the bottom of the wind turbine, wherein the microwave generator is directed toward the microwave absorbing coating on the blade of the wind turbine through a microwave guide tube;

[0010] Wherein, a sensor is arranged inside the wind turbine, and the microwave generator is directed toward the blades of the wind turbine through a connected microwave conduit;

[0011] The sensor compares the deviation of the center of gravity in the working state between the un-iced state and the iced state on the wind turbine blade. If the deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, it is determined to be an iced state and the microwave ice melting system is immediately started.

[0012] The microwave generator is electrically connected to a power source, and the power source is also sequentially connected to a microwave controller, a motor controller, a computer and a wind turbine.

[0013] An annular guide rail is arranged around the bottom of the wind turbine generator, a slider is slidably arranged on the annular guide rail, and the microwave generator is fixedly mounted on the slider.

[0014] The sensor includes but is not limited to any one of a force sensor, an accelerometer, an inclinometer, a fiber Bragg grating sensor or a laser sensor.

[0015] The end of the microwave guide tube is provided with a universal adjustment device for adjusting the direction of the microwave guide tube.

[0016] A method for measuring microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine generator comprises the following steps:

[0017] Obtain sensor data of the wind turbine in an un-iced state and sensor data of the wind turbine in an iced state;

[0018] Set the sensor sensing threshold range according to the sensor data in the un-iced state;

[0019] Comparing the sensor sensing threshold range with the sensor data obtained in the icing state to determine whether the wind turbine blade is in an icing state and the threshold change efficiency during the ice melting process;

[0020] The threshold change efficiency is the microwave ice melting efficiency of the wind turbine;

[0021] The microwave ice melting efficiency is used to dynamically adjust the wind turbine blade rotation speed and microwave output power.

[0022] The sensor data includes any one of a set of overall gravity data or vertical top lift data of the wind turbine;

[0023] A set of center of gravity measurement data of the wind turbine in an un-iced state;

[0024] A set of either gravity center offset data or tilt data of the wind turbine in an icing state.

[0025] The method for determining the threshold change efficiency comprises the following steps:

[0026] In an un-iced state, obtain the height of the wind turbine and calculate the threshold range of the wind turbine under different wind conditions;

[0027] Under icing conditions, calculate the threshold range of wind turbines under different wind conditions;

[0028] The threshold range under the icing state is used to set an over-limit threshold for starting deicing;

[0029] For a wind turbine generator under an over-limit threshold, the over-limit threshold is gradually approached to the threshold range under an un-iced state by melting ice, and this process is set as the threshold change value;

[0030] The changing speed of the threshold change value is the threshold change efficiency.

[0031] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, any of the aforementioned methods is implemented.

[0032] According to yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, any one of the aforementioned methods is implemented.

[0033] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0034] The present invention irradiates the microwave absorbing coating with microwaves emitted by the microwave conduit, causing the microwave absorbing coating to generate heat, thereby removing the ice layer adsorbed on the surface of the wind turbine blade. The ice layer is melted and removed by the gravity of the ice layer itself, the operation of the wind turbine, and the lubrication effect of the melted water flow between the ice layer and the surface of the wind turbine blade, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the wind turbine. The microwave ice melting method has a high ice melting efficiency.

[0035] The present invention monitors the gravity and center of gravity changes of the wind turbine through sensors, and can determine in real time whether there is an ice layer on the wind turbine. It also controls the ice melting speed by adjusting the output power of the microwave duct, thereby achieving real-time optimization of the operation of the ice melting device and the ice melting speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine generator in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 is a flow chart of a method for determining threshold value change efficiency in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmitting end and the receiving end in the present invention.

[0040] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0041] 1. Wind turbine; 2. Wind turbine blades; 3. Ice layer; 4. Sensor; 41. Transmitter; 42. Receiver; 5. Annular guide rail; 6. Microwave generator; 61. Universal adjustment device; 62. Microwave guide tube; 7. Computer; 8. Microwave controller; 9. Motor controller; 10. Power supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific embodiments of the present invention, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection of the specific claims of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a device for measuring microwave de-icing efficiency of a wind turbine generator comprises:

[0044] A microwave absorbing coating is provided on the surface of the wind turbine blade 2 , and at least one microwave generator 6 is installed at the bottom of the wind turbine 1 , and the microwave generator 6 is directed toward the microwave absorbing coating on the wind turbine blade 2 through a microwave guide 62 .

[0045] The principle is that the microwaves emitted by the microwave duct 62 are irradiated on the microwave absorbing coating, causing the microwave absorbing coating to generate heat, thereby removing the ice layer 3 adsorbed on the surface of the wind turbine blade 2, and melting and removing the ice layer through the gravity of the ice layer 3 itself and the lubrication effect of the melted water flow between the ice layer 3 and the surface of the wind turbine blade 2, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the wind turbine 1, and the microwave ice melting method has a high ice melting efficiency.

[0046] Optionally, the microwave absorbing coating material includes, but is not limited to: a coating material containing carbon fiber, a ferrite material, metal and its alloy powder, a conductive polymer (polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, etc.), a nanocomposite material, etc.

[0047] Optionally, it should be noted that the microwave power and microwave heating time need to be selected based on the microwave heating efficiency that different materials can absorb and the maximum amount of heat that they can withstand.

[0048] Furthermore, a sensor 4 is provided inside the wind turbine 1 , and the microwave generator 6 is directed toward the wind turbine blade 2 through a connected microwave guide tube 62 .

[0049] Furthermore, the sensor 4 compares the deviation of the center of gravity in the working state between the un-iced state and the iced state on the wind turbine blade 2. If the deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, it is determined to be an iced state and the microwave ice melting system is started immediately.

[0050] As an optional solution, the microwave generator 6 is electrically connected to a power source 10 , and the power source 10 is also connected in sequence to a microwave controller 8 , a motor controller 9 , a computer 7 and a wind turbine 1 .

[0051] According to the above structure, the power supply 10 provides power to all devices, and the wind turbine 1 provides power supplement to the power supply 10, so that the power supply 10 provides power to the entire system.

[0052] Optionally, the motor controller 9 is connected to at least two motors to control the speed of one of the motors to simulate various operating states of the wind turbine 1, such as the operating state under the influence of different wind forces, the operating state of the wind turbine 1 in wind operation at different heights, and the operating state of the wind turbine 1 in simulated rain or icing conditions.

[0053] Optionally, an annular guide rail 5 is arranged around the bottom of the wind turbine 1, a slider is slidably arranged on the annular guide rail 5, a microwave generator 6 is fixedly mounted on the slider, a motor controller 9 controls another motor installed inside the microwave generator 6, and is used to realize transmission between the annular guide rail 5, so as to realize de-icing of different surfaces of the wind turbine 1, and to control the de-icing time of the wind turbine 1 and the wind turbine blades 2 by controlling the running speed.

[0054] Optionally, the microwave controller 8 is connected to the microwave generator 6, and the microwave controller 8 controls the microwave wavelength and power.

[0055] Optionally, the computer 7 is connected to the motor controller 9 and the microwave controller 8 to monitor the ice melting efficiency and calculate, learn and record the operating mode during the operation.

[0056] As an optional solution, the sensor 4 includes but is not limited to any one of a force sensor, an accelerometer, an inclinometer, a fiber Bragg grating sensor or a laser sensor.

[0057] Optionally, a force sensor is used to monitor the overall gravity change of the wind turbine 1 .

[0058] Optionally, any one of an accelerometer, an inclinometer, a fiber Bragg grating sensor or a laser sensor is used to monitor the tilt swing frequency and the change of the center of gravity of the wind turbine 1 under the influence of different wind forces.

[0059] In order to achieve ice melting for the wind turbine 1 and the wind turbine blades 2 and to control the area and duration of ice melting, a universal adjustment device 61 for adjusting the direction of the microwave tube 62 is provided at the end of the microwave tube 62 to adjust the microwave emission direction of the microwave tube 62 .

[0060] Please refer to the attached Figure 2 A method for determining microwave de-icing efficiency of a wind turbine generator comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1, obtaining sensor 4 data of the wind turbine 1 in an un-iced state, and sensor 4 data of the wind turbine 1 in an iced state;

[0062] S2, setting the sensing threshold range of sensor 4 according to the data of sensor 4 in the un-iced state;

[0063] S3, comparing the sensor 4 sensing threshold range with the sensor 4 data in the icing state, so as to obtain whether the wind turbine blade 2 is in an icing state, and the threshold change efficiency during the ice melting process;

[0064] S4, the threshold change efficiency is the microwave ice melting efficiency of wind turbine 1;

[0065] S5. Dynamically adjust the rotation speed of the wind turbine blade 2 and the microwave output power according to the microwave ice melting efficiency.

[0066] Please refer to the attached Figure 3 , the method for determining the threshold change efficiency comprises the following steps:

[0067] S501, in an un-iced state, obtaining the height of the wind turbine 1, and calculating the threshold range of the wind turbine 1 under different wind conditions;

[0068] S502, in an icing state, calculating a threshold range of the wind turbine 1 under different wind conditions;

[0069] S503, setting an over-limit threshold for starting deicing according to the threshold range in the icing state;

[0070] S504, the wind turbine 1 at the over-limit threshold is melted to achieve a gradual approach of the over-limit threshold to the threshold range in the un-iced state, and this process is set as the threshold change value;

[0071] S505: The changing speed of the threshold change value is the threshold change efficiency.

[0072] Refer to the attached Figure 1-4 , the sensor 4 data includes any one of a set of gravity data or vertical top lifting data of the wind turbine 1 as a whole;

[0073] A set of center of gravity measurement data of the wind turbine 1 in an un-iced state;

[0074] A set of either gravity center offset data or tilt data of the wind turbine 1 in an icing state.

[0075] According to step S1 to step S5:

[0076] For example Figure 4 In the present invention, a sensor such as a laser sensor is used, a transmitting end 41 is installed at the bottom of the wind turbine 1, and a receiving end 42 is installed at the top of the wind turbine 1. The receiving end 42 is used to detect the signal position received by the transmitting end 41. Through experiments or in actual applications, the change range of the signal position received by the receiving end 42 under the influence of wind force and during the rotation of the wind turbine blades 2 is detected for different levels of wind force, so as to monitor and determine the center of gravity measurement data of the wind turbine 1 in an un-iced state.

[0077] Optionally, by Figure 1 The sensor 4 , such as a force sensor, is used to monitor the overall gravity data of the wind turbine 1 .

[0078] Optionally, a force sensor or a laser sensor may be used to detect the vertical top lifting data of the wind turbine 1 as a whole.

[0079] Optionally, when ice forms on the wind turbine 1 or on the wind turbine blades 2 , the gravity thereof will change, and thus the gravity data and the lifting data are used to detect whether ice has condensed on the wind turbine 1 .

[0080] Optionally, a change threshold is set based on the gravity data and the lifting data. If the threshold is exceeded, it is determined that the wind turbine 1 is frozen. Factors affecting the threshold include rain, dust, etc.

[0081] Optionally, when the threshold is exceeded, it is determined that the wind turbine 1 is in an icing state, and by combining the center offset data or the tilt data, it is used to determine whether the icing position is on the wind turbine 1 body or on the wind turbine blade 2.

[0082] According to step S501 to step S505:

[0083] Embodiment 1:

[0084] Optionally, when the data from the sensor 4 are combined into a group of gravity data of the wind turbine 1 as a whole, a group of gravity center measurement data of the wind turbine 1 in an unfrozen state, and a group of gravity center offset data of the wind turbine 1 in an iced state, it is determined that the wind turbine blades 2 are in an iced state, and the microwave de-icing program is started.

[0085] Embodiment 2:

[0086] Optionally, when the data from sensor 4 are combined into a set of vertical top lifting data of the wind turbine 1 as a whole, a set of center of gravity measurement data of the wind turbine 1 in an unfrozen state, and a set of center of gravity offset data of the wind turbine 1 in an icing state, it is determined that the wind turbine 1 and the wind turbine blades 2 are both in an icing state.

[0087] Embodiment three:

[0088] Optionally, when the sensor 4 data is only a set of gravity data or any one of the vertical top lifting data of the wind turbine 1 as a whole, and a set of center of gravity measurement data of the wind turbine 1 in an un-iced state, it is determined that the wind turbine 1 is in an icing state.

[0089] According to the above-mentioned device for measuring the microwave ice-melting efficiency of a wind turbine, the method for measuring the microwave ice-melting efficiency of a wind turbine is operated. By monitoring the gravity and center of gravity changes of the wind turbine 1 through the sensor 4, it is possible to determine in real time whether there is an ice layer 3 on the wind turbine 1, and by adjusting the output power of the microwave duct 62 to control the ice-melting speed, the operation of the ice-melting device and the ice-melting speed can be optimized in real time.

[0090] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, any of the aforementioned methods is implemented.

[0091] According to yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, any one of the aforementioned methods is implemented.

[0092] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented according to the conventional means in the art unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A device for measuring microwave ice melting efficiency of wind turbines, characterized in that: include: A microwave absorbing coating is provided on the surface of a wind turbine blade; and, at least one microwave generator installed at the bottom of the wind turbine, wherein the microwave generator is directed toward the microwave absorbing coating on the blade of the wind turbine through a microwave guide tube; Wherein, a sensor is arranged inside the wind turbine, and the microwave generator is directed toward the blades of the wind turbine through a connected microwave conduit; The sensor compares the deviation of the center of gravity in the working state between the un-iced state and the iced state on the wind turbine blade. If the deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, it is determined to be an iced state and the microwave ice melting system is immediately started.

2. The device for measuring microwave ice melting efficiency of wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave generator is electrically connected to a power source, and the power source is also sequentially connected to a microwave controller, a motor controller, a computer and a wind turbine.

3. A device for measuring microwave ice melting efficiency of wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: An annular guide rail is arranged around the bottom of the wind turbine generator, a slider is slidably arranged on the annular guide rail, and the microwave generator is fixedly mounted on the slider.

4. A device for measuring microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sensor includes but is not limited to any one of a force sensor, an accelerometer, an inclinometer, a fiber Bragg grating sensor or a laser sensor.

5. The device for measuring microwave ice melting efficiency of wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the microwave guide tube is provided with a universal adjustment device for adjusting the direction of the microwave guide tube.

6. A method for measuring microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine generator, according to a device for measuring microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Obtain sensor data of the wind turbine in an un-iced state and sensor data of the wind turbine in an iced state; Set the sensor sensing threshold range according to the sensor data in the un-iced state; Comparing the sensor sensing threshold range with the sensor data obtained in the icing state to determine whether the wind turbine blade is in an icing state and the threshold change efficiency during the ice melting process; The threshold change efficiency is the microwave ice melting efficiency of the wind turbine; The microwave ice melting efficiency is used to dynamically adjust the wind turbine blade rotation speed and microwave output power.

7. A method for determining microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sensor data includes any one of a set of overall gravity data or vertical top lift data of the wind turbine; A set of center of gravity measurement data of the wind turbine in an un-iced state; A set of either gravity center offset data or tilt data of the wind turbine in an icing state.

8. A method for determining microwave ice melting efficiency of a wind turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for determining the threshold change efficiency comprises the following steps: In an un-iced state, obtain the height of the wind turbine and calculate the threshold range of the wind turbine under different wind conditions; Under icing conditions, calculate the threshold range of wind turbines under different wind conditions; The threshold range under the icing state is used to set an over-limit threshold for starting deicing; For a wind turbine generator under an over-limit threshold, the over-limit threshold is gradually approached to the threshold range under an un-iced state by melting ice, and this process is set as the threshold change value; The changing speed of the threshold change value is the threshold change efficiency.

9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 6 to 8 is implemented.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 6 to 8 is implemented.

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