Processing method of hard and brittle tungsten carbide material

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of tungsten carbide hard and brittle material processing, in particular to a tungsten carbide hard and brittle material processing method. The technical problems that in the prior art, a tungsten carbide hard and brittle material machining method is low in machining efficiency, poor in surface quality and fast in tool abrasion, and meanwhile, an existing method often lacks the real-time monitoring and dynamic adjusting capacity, and the machining precision and efficiency are affected are solved. According to the technical scheme, according to the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material machining method, the cutter abrasion condition is monitored in real time, and the cutter compensation amount and machining parameters are dynamically adjusted according to the cutter abrasion condition; by monitoring tool wear in real time and dynamically adjusting the compensation amount, machining errors caused by tool wear are reduced, the machining precision is improved, machining parameters are adjusted in real time according to the tool wear condition, it is ensured that the machining process is always kept in the optimal state, the machining efficiency is improved, and by monitoring tool wear and adopting compensation measures, the machining precision is improved. The cutter is prevented from being scrapped in advance due to excessive abrasion, so that the service life of the cutter is prolonged and the machining cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tungsten carbide hard and brittle material processing, in particular to a tungsten carbide hard and brittle material processing method. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing development of materials science, a series of high-hardness hard and brittle materials such as tungsten carbide, aluminum nitride, and silicon carbide are used in cutting-edge technology fields, including chips, aerospace, new energy and other high-tech fields; the precision processing solutions for such hard and brittle materials have become a difficulty that needs to be broken through at this stage; Traditional tungsten carbide hard and brittle material processing methods, such as grinding and electrospark machining, have problems such as low processing efficiency, poor surface quality, and rapid tool wear. These problems are particularly prominent when processing complex shapes or high precision requirements. In addition, traditional methods often lack the ability to monitor and adjust in real time, making it difficult to respond to uncertain factors such as tool wear and material changes in a timely manner during the processing process, which in turn affects processing accuracy and efficiency. Therefore, in response to the above problems, a method for processing tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials is proposed; this method monitors the tool wear in real time and dynamically adjusts the tool compensation amount and processing parameters accordingly, thereby achieving high-precision control and efficiency optimization in the processing process. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the problems of low processing efficiency, poor surface quality and rapid tool wear in the existing tungsten carbide hard and brittle material processing methods, the existing methods often lack the ability of real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, which makes it difficult to respond to uncertain factors such as tool wear and material changes in time during the processing process, thereby affecting the processing accuracy and efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for processing tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials, comprising the following steps: S1: Initialize the machining machine environment and prepare the tool; S2: Start the processing machine tool to process the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material, and monitor the tool wear in real time; S3: Determine the degree of tool wear, and compensate if the tool wear exceeds a threshold; S4: Calculate and adjust tool compensation in real time; S5: Adjust the machine tool processing parameters in real time according to the calculation results; S6: Finish the processing, check the tool and replace it; S7: Machine tool reset.

[0005] This method monitors tool wear in real time and dynamically adjusts the compensation amount. The present invention can accurately control the relative position between the tool and the workpiece, thereby effectively reducing the processing error caused by tool wear and significantly improving the processing accuracy. The processing parameters are adjusted in real time according to the tool wear conditions, which can ensure that the processing process is always maintained in the optimal state, thereby greatly improving the processing efficiency. By timely monitoring tool wear and taking compensation measures, the present invention can avoid the tool from being scrapped prematurely due to excessive wear, thereby extending the service life of the tool and reducing processing costs.

[0006] Preferably, in step S1, the specific steps of initializing the machining machine environment and performing tool setting and calibration are as follows: S101: Turn off the spindle and coolant; S102: canceling the preset processing mode and offset; S103: Setting the processing origin and coordinate system; S104: Perform tool change operation and install the initial tool; S105: Use the tool setting instrument to automatically set the tool to ensure the relative position between the tool and the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material workpiece is accurate; S106: According to the tool setting result, set the initial tool length compensation and radius compensation.

[0007] Preferably, in step S2, a processing machine tool is started to process the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material, and tool wear is monitored in real time; the specific steps are as follows: S201: Set machine tool processing parameters and start the spindle; S202: Turn on the coolant; S203: starting to perform a processing operation on the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material according to a preset processing path and parameters; S204: During the machining process, a vibration sensor is used to monitor the wear of the tool in real time; S205: Calculate the current wear amount of the tool.

[0008] Preferably, in the steps S204-S205, a vibration sensor is used to monitor the wear of the tool in real time and calculate the current wear amount of the tool; the specific steps are as follows: S20401: During machining, the vibration sensor captures the vibration signal generated by the interaction between the tool and the workpiece; S20402: denoising the collected vibration signal by filtering; the specific formula is as follows: ;in is the original signal, is the filter impulse response, is the signal after filtering; S20403: Calculate the root mean square value of the vibration signal to reflect the change in vibration intensity caused by tool wear. In the time domain, extract the envelope of the signal and analyze its shape and change trend. The specific formula is as follows: ; Where T is the signal length; S20404: Perform Fourier transform on the vibration signal, convert it from the time domain to the frequency domain, and obtain the spectrum of the signal. In the frequency domain, extract the characteristic information by calculating the spectrum center of gravity, bandwidth, and intensity parameters of specific frequency components of the spectrum. The specific formula is as follows: ;in is the Fourier transform of the signal, is the frequency; S20405: Establish a mathematical model between tool wear and vibration signal characteristics through regression analysis method; S20406: During the real-time monitoring process, the extracted vibration signal features are input into the trained model to calculate the current wear amount of the tool; the specific calculation formula is as follows: ; Where a and b are the mathematical model parameters between tool wear and vibration signal characteristics determined by training data.

[0009] Preferably, in step S3, the degree of tool wear is determined, and if the degree of tool wear exceeds a threshold, compensation is performed; specifically, the step includes: S301: Current wear amount With preset wear threshold Make comparisons; S302: If the wear amount exceeds the threshold, enter the tool wear compensation calculation step; otherwise, continue normal processing.

[0010] Preferably, in step S4, according to the wear of the tool, the tool length compensation and radius compensation that need to be adjusted are calculated, and the calculated compensation amounts are applied to the machining process in real time to adjust the position and path of the tool to compensate for the machining error caused by tool wear; the specific steps are as follows: S401: Current tool wear Substitute the length compensation model to calculate the length compensation ; The calculation formula is as follows: ;in is the coefficient of the length compensation model, is a constant term; S402: Current tool wear amount Substitute the length compensation model to calculate the radius compensation ; The calculation formula is as follows: ;in is the coefficient of the radius compensation model, is a constant term.

[0011] Preferably, in step S5, the processing parameters are adjusted in real time according to the calculation results; specifically, the step S5 includes: S501: Adjust cutting speed ; The adjustment formula is as follows: ;in is the cutting speed adjustment factor; S502: Adjust feed speed according to compensation amount and processing requirements ; The adjustment formula is as follows: ;in is the feed speed adjustment coefficient; S503: Adjust cutting depth ; The adjustment formula is as follows: ;in is the cutting depth adjustment factor.

[0012] Preferably, in step S6, the machining is completed, the tool is detected and replaced; the specific steps are as follows: S601: When the machining path is completed, the tool is controlled to return to a safe position; S602: Turn off the spindle and coolant; S603: Use the tool setting instrument to check the wear of the tool again; S604: If the tool is severely worn, the tool is replaced and the tool information is updated.

[0013] Preferably, in step S7, the machine tool is reset; the specific steps are as follows: S701: Move each axis of the machine tool to the origin position to ensure that the machine tool is in the initial state and ready for the next processing; S702: Check whether all parts of the machine tool are operating normally, including the spindle, coolant system, tool library, etc., and end the processing program after ensuring that there are no abnormalities; S703: Save relevant data in the processing process, including processing parameters, tool wear records, and compensation data.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. Compared with the existing tungsten carbide hard and brittle material processing methods, there are problems such as low processing efficiency, poor surface quality, and fast tool wear. At the same time, the existing methods often lack the ability of real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, which makes it difficult to deal with uncertain factors such as tool wear and material changes in a timely manner during the processing, thereby affecting the processing accuracy and efficiency; this method monitors the tool wear in real time and dynamically adjusts the compensation amount. The present invention can accurately control the relative position between the tool and the workpiece, thereby effectively reducing the processing error caused by tool wear, significantly improving the processing accuracy, and adjusting the processing parameters in real time according to the tool wear conditions. It can ensure that the processing process is always kept in the optimal state, thereby greatly improving the processing efficiency. By timely monitoring the tool wear and taking compensation measures, the present invention can avoid the tool from being scrapped prematurely due to excessive wear, thereby extending the service life of the tool and reducing processing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic flow chart of detailed steps of the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material processing method of the present invention; Figure 2 Shown is a simplified step-by-step flow chart of the method for processing tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] See also Figure 1-2 The present invention provides an embodiment: a method for processing tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials, comprising the following steps: S1: Initialize the machining machine environment and prepare the tool; S2: Start the processing machine tool to process the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material, and monitor the tool wear in real time; S3: Determine the degree of tool wear, and compensate if the tool wear exceeds a threshold; S4: Calculate and adjust tool compensation in real time; S5: Adjust the machine tool processing parameters in real time according to the calculation results; S6: Finish the processing, check the tool and replace it; S7: Machine tool reset.

[0018] This method monitors tool wear in real time and dynamically adjusts the compensation amount. The present invention can accurately control the relative position between the tool and the workpiece, thereby effectively reducing the processing error caused by tool wear and significantly improving the processing accuracy. The processing parameters are adjusted in real time according to the tool wear conditions, which can ensure that the processing process is always maintained in the optimal state, thereby greatly improving the processing efficiency. By timely monitoring tool wear and taking compensation measures, the present invention can avoid the tool from being scrapped prematurely due to excessive wear, thereby extending the service life of the tool and reducing processing costs.

[0019] Preferably, in step S1, the specific steps of initializing the machining machine environment and performing tool setting and calibration are as follows: S101: Turn off the spindle and coolant; S102: canceling the preset processing mode and offset; S103: Setting the processing origin and coordinate system; S104: Perform tool change operation and install the initial tool; S105: Use the tool setting instrument to automatically set the tool to ensure the relative position between the tool and the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material workpiece is accurate; S106: According to the tool setting result, set the initial tool length compensation and radius compensation.

[0020] Preferably, in step S2, a processing machine tool is started to process the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material, and tool wear is monitored in real time; the specific steps are as follows: S201: Set machine tool processing parameters and start the spindle; S202: Turn on the coolant; S203: starting to perform a processing operation on the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material according to a preset processing path and parameters; S204: During the machining process, a vibration sensor is used to monitor the wear of the tool in real time; S205: Calculate the current wear amount of the tool.

[0021] Preferably, in the steps S204-S205, a vibration sensor is used to monitor the wear of the tool in real time and calculate the current wear amount of the tool; the specific steps are as follows: S20401: During machining, the vibration sensor captures the vibration signal generated by the interaction between the tool and the workpiece; S20402: denoising the collected vibration signal by filtering; the specific formula is as follows: ;in is the original signal, is the filter impulse response, is the signal after filtering; S20403: Calculate the root mean square value of the vibration signal to reflect the change in vibration intensity caused by tool wear. In the time domain, extract the envelope of the signal and analyze its shape and change trend. The specific formula is as follows: ; Where T is the signal length; S20404: Perform Fourier transform on the vibration signal, convert it from the time domain to the frequency domain, and obtain the spectrum of the signal. In the frequency domain, extract the characteristic information by calculating the spectrum center of gravity, bandwidth, and intensity parameters of specific frequency components of the spectrum. The specific formula is as follows: ;in is the Fourier transform of the signal, is the frequency; S20405: Establish a mathematical model between tool wear and vibration signal characteristics through regression analysis method; S20406: During the real-time monitoring process, the extracted vibration signal features are input into the trained model to calculate the current wear amount of the tool; the specific calculation formula is as follows: ; Where a and b are the mathematical model parameters between tool wear and vibration signal characteristics determined by training data.

[0022] Preferably, in step S3, the degree of tool wear is determined, and if the degree of tool wear exceeds a threshold, compensation is performed; specifically, the step includes: S301: Current wear amount With preset wear threshold Make comparisons; S302: If the wear amount exceeds the threshold, enter the tool wear compensation calculation step; otherwise, continue normal processing.

[0023] Preferably, in step S4, according to the wear of the tool, the tool length compensation and radius compensation that need to be adjusted are calculated, and the calculated compensation amounts are applied to the machining process in real time to adjust the position and path of the tool to compensate for the machining error caused by tool wear; the specific steps are as follows: S401: Current tool wear Substitute the length compensation model to calculate the length compensation ; The calculation formula is as follows: ;in is the coefficient of the length compensation model, is a constant term; S402: Current tool wear amount Substitute the length compensation model to calculate the radius compensation ; The calculation formula is as follows: ;in is the coefficient of the radius compensation model, is a constant term.

[0024] Preferably, in step S5, the processing parameters are adjusted in real time according to the calculation results; specifically, the step S5 includes: S501: Adjust cutting speed ; The adjustment formula is as follows: ;in is the cutting speed adjustment factor; S502: Adjust feed speed according to compensation amount and processing requirements ; The adjustment formula is as follows: ;in is the feed speed adjustment coefficient; S503: Adjust cutting depth ; The adjustment formula is as follows: ;in is the cutting depth adjustment factor.

[0025] Preferably, in step S6, the machining is completed, the tool is detected and replaced; the specific steps are as follows: S601: When the machining path is completed, the tool is controlled to return to a safe position; S602: Turn off the spindle and coolant; S603: Use the tool setting instrument to check the wear of the tool again; S604: If the tool is severely worn, the tool is replaced and the tool information is updated.

[0026] Preferably, in step S7, the machine tool is reset; the specific steps are as follows: S701: Move each axis of the machine tool to the origin position to ensure that the machine tool is in the initial state and ready for the next processing; S702: Check whether all parts of the machine tool are operating normally, including the spindle, coolant system, tool library, etc., and end the processing program after ensuring that there are no abnormalities; S703: Save relevant data in the processing process, including processing parameters, tool wear records, and compensation data.

[0027] Example Optionally, it is assumed that in a certain aerospace parts manufacturing enterprise, a batch of tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials need to be precisely processed to meet the high-precision and high-efficiency processing requirements; the traditional processing method has the problems of low processing efficiency, poor surface quality, fast tool wear, and lacks the ability of real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment; therefore, the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material processing method of the present invention is used for processing; the specific steps are as follows: A1: Initialize the processing machine environment: Turn off the spindle and coolant, cancel the preset processing mode and offset, and set the processing origin and coordinate system; Perform tool change operations, install the initial tool, and use the tool setting instrument to automatically set the tool to ensure the relative position between the tool and the workpiece is accurate; According to the tool setting results, set the initial tool length compensation and radius compensation; A2: Start machining and monitor tool wear in real time: Set the machine tool processing parameters and start the spindle, and turn on the coolant; According to the preset processing path and parameters, the processing operation of the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material is started; During the machining process, a vibration sensor is used to monitor the wear of the tool in real time and calculate the current wear amount of the tool; A3: Determine the degree of tool wear and make compensation: Compare the current wear amount with the preset wear threshold; when the wear amount exceeds the threshold, enter the tool wear compensation calculation step; According to the wear of the tool, the tool length compensation and radius compensation that need to be adjusted are calculated and applied to the machining process in real time; A4: Real-time adjustment of processing parameters: According to the calculation results, adjust the processing parameters such as cutting speed, feed speed and cutting depth to ensure that the processing process is always kept in the optimal state; A5: Complete the processing and inspect the tool: When the machining path is completed, the tool is controlled to return to a safe position and the spindle and coolant are turned off; Use the tool setting instrument to check the tool wear again. If the tool is severely worn, replace the tool and update the tool information. A6: Machine reset: Move each axis of the machine tool to the origin position to ensure that the machine tool is in the initial state; Check whether all parts of the machine tool are operating normally and save relevant data during the processing; The data comparison of the processing of the same batch of tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials by the method of the present invention and the prior art method is shown in the following table:

[0028] According to the above data, it can be concluded that the technical invention of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: Improved processing efficiency: The method of the present invention ensures the high efficiency of the processing process by real-time monitoring of tool wear and dynamic adjustment of processing parameters; compared with the existing technology, the processing efficiency is improved by 50%; Improved surface quality: Since the method of the present invention can accurately control the relative position between the tool and the workpiece and adjust the processing parameters in real time, the surface quality of the processed tungsten carbide hard and brittle material is better and the roughness is reduced by 60%; Extended tool life: By timely monitoring tool wear and taking compensatory measures, the method of the present invention avoids premature scrapping of tools due to excessive wear; compared with the prior art, the tool life is extended by 67%; Improved processing accuracy: The method of the present invention ensures high precision of the processing process through real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment; compared with the existing technology, the processing accuracy is improved by 67%; In summary, the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material processing method of the present invention significantly improves the processing efficiency, surface quality, processing accuracy and tool life, reduces the processing cost, and has significant beneficial effects by real-time monitoring of tool wear and dynamically adjusting processing parameters and tool compensation. Compared with the existing tungsten carbide hard and brittle material processing methods, there are problems such as low processing efficiency, poor surface quality, and rapid tool wear. At the same time, the existing methods often lack the ability of real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, which makes it difficult to deal with uncertain factors such as tool wear and material changes in a timely manner during the processing, thereby affecting the processing accuracy and efficiency; the present method monitors the tool wear in real time and dynamically adjusts the compensation amount. The present invention can accurately control the relative position between the tool and the workpiece, thereby effectively reducing the processing error caused by tool wear, significantly improving the processing accuracy, and adjusting the processing parameters in real time according to the tool wear conditions. It can ensure that the processing process is always kept in the optimal state, thereby greatly improving the processing efficiency. By timely monitoring the tool wear and taking compensation measures, the present invention can avoid the tool from being scrapped prematurely due to excessive wear, thereby extending the service life of the tool and reducing processing costs.

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials; characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Initialize the machining machine environment and prepare the tool; S2: Start the processing machine tool to process the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material, and monitor the tool wear in real time; S3: Determine the degree of tool wear, and compensate if the tool wear exceeds a threshold; S4: Calculate and adjust tool compensation in real time; S5: Adjust the machine tool processing parameters in real time according to the calculation results; S6: Finish the processing, check the tool and replace it; S7: Machine tool reset.

2. A method for processing tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the specific steps of initializing the machining machine environment and performing tool setting and calibration are as follows: S101: Turn off the spindle and coolant; S102: canceling the preset processing mode and offset; S103: Setting the processing origin and coordinate system; S104: Perform tool change operation and install the initial tool; S105: Use the tool setting instrument to automatically set the tool to ensure the relative position between the tool and the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material workpiece is accurate; S106: According to the tool setting result, set the initial tool length compensation and radius compensation.

3. A method for processing tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the processing machine tool is started to process the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material, and the tool wear is monitored in real time; the specific steps are as follows: S201: Set machine tool processing parameters and start the spindle; S202: Turn on the coolant; S203: starting to perform a processing operation on the tungsten carbide hard and brittle material according to a preset processing path and parameters; S204: During the machining process, a vibration sensor is used to monitor the wear of the tool in real time; S205: Calculate the current wear amount of the tool.

4. A method for processing tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the steps S204-S205, a vibration sensor is used to monitor the wear of the tool in real time and calculate the current wear amount of the tool; the specific steps are as follows: S20401: During machining, the vibration sensor captures the vibration signal generated by the interaction between the tool and the workpiece; S20402: denoising the collected vibration signal by filtering; the specific formula is as follows: ;in is the original signal, is the filter impulse response, is the signal after filtering; S20403: Calculate the root mean square value of the vibration signal to reflect the change in vibration intensity caused by tool wear. In the time domain, extract the envelope of the signal and analyze its shape and change trend. The specific formula is as follows: ; Where T is the signal length; S20404: Perform Fourier transform on the vibration signal, convert it from the time domain to the frequency domain, and obtain the spectrum of the signal. In the frequency domain, extract the characteristic information by calculating the spectrum center of gravity, bandwidth, and intensity parameters of specific frequency components of the spectrum. The specific formula is as follows: ;in is the Fourier transform of the signal, is the frequency; S20405: Establish a mathematical model between tool wear and vibration signal characteristics through regression analysis method; S20406: During the real-time monitoring process, the extracted vibration signal features are input into the trained model to calculate the current wear amount of the tool; the specific calculation formula is as follows: ; Where a and b are the mathematical model parameters between tool wear and vibration signal characteristics determined by training data.

5. A method for processing tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step S3, the degree of tool wear is determined, and if the degree of tool wear exceeds a threshold, compensation is performed; specifically, the step S3 includes: S301: Current wear amount With preset wear threshold Make comparisons; S302: If the wear amount exceeds the threshold, enter the tool wear compensation calculation step; otherwise, continue normal processing.

6. A method for processing tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4, according to the wear of the tool, the tool length compensation and radius compensation that need to be adjusted are calculated, and the calculated compensation amounts are applied to the machining process in real time to adjust the position and path of the tool to compensate for the machining error caused by tool wear. The specific steps are as follows: S401: Current tool wear Substitute the length compensation model to calculate the length compensation ; The calculation formula is as follows: ;in is the coefficient of the length compensation model, is a constant term; S402: Current tool wear amount Substitute the length compensation model to calculate the radius compensation ; The calculation formula is as follows: ;in is the coefficient of the radius compensation model, is a constant term.

7. A method for processing tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5, the processing parameters are adjusted in real time according to the calculation results; specifically, the following steps are performed: S501: Adjust cutting speed ; The adjustment formula is as follows: ;in is the cutting speed adjustment factor; S502: Adjust feed speed according to compensation amount and processing requirements ; The adjustment formula is as follows: ;in is the feed speed adjustment coefficient; S503: Adjust cutting depth ; The adjustment formula is as follows: ;in is the cutting depth adjustment factor.

8. A method for processing tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the machining is completed, the tool is detected and replaced; the specific steps are as follows: S601: When the machining path is completed, the tool is controlled to return to a safe position; S602: Turn off the spindle and coolant.

9. A method for processing tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S6, the machining is completed, the tool is detected and replaced; and the following steps are also included: S603: Use the tool setting instrument to check the wear of the tool again; S604: If the tool is severely worn, the tool is replaced and the tool information is updated.

10. The method for processing tungsten carbide hard and brittle materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, the machine tool is reset; the specific steps are as follows: S701: Move each axis of the machine tool to the origin position to ensure that the machine tool is in the initial state and ready for the next processing; S702: Check whether all parts of the machine tool are operating normally, including the spindle, coolant system, tool library, etc., and end the processing program after ensuring that there are no abnormalities; S703: Save relevant data in the processing process, including processing parameters, tool wear records, and compensation data.

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