Device for restraining thermal runaway of energy storage box

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for restraining thermal runaway of an energy storage box, which comprises a fire extinguishing agent storage tank arranged on the inner side or the outer side of a box body, a plurality of batteries are arranged in the box body, the output end of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank is respectively connected with one end of a fire detection pipe and one end of a blow-off pipe through a bottle valve, and a detection box is arranged above a pressure release valve of each battery. The plurality of detection boxes are communicated with one another, one of the detection boxes is communicated with the other end of the fire detection tube, the detection boxes and the fire detection tube are filled with inert gas, the other end of the blowing tube extends and is wound around the battery, and a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the surface of the blowing tube; the device is simple in structure, does not need a corresponding electric control mechanism to maintain the normal operation of the fire extinguishing device, is low in cost, and is beneficial to application and popularization in the field of energy storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of thermal runaway suppression of energy storage boxes, in particular to a device for suppressing thermal runaway of energy storage boxes. Background Art

[0002] Energy storage is a key supporting technology for energy structure adjustment and power system transformation under the wave of new energy. As a new energy battery, lithium-ion batteries are not only more environmentally friendly but also have better performance. They are widely used in energy storage power stations. Lithium battery container storage box solutions are widely used in the access and consumption of new energy power generation, realizing distributed power generation and microgrid energy storage, regulating the frequency and voltage of the power system, and providing reliable power supply and power quality in the upgrade and transformation of the distribution system.

[0003] However, during storage, lithium-ion batteries may experience thermal runaway due to the accumulation of heat from their own chemical reactions or the influence of external heat sources, which may seriously affect the safety performance of the energy storage box. Thermal runaway of lithium batteries refers to the rapid increase in battery temperature due to abnormal reactions inside the battery during the charging or discharging process, causing the chemical reactions inside the battery to run away and generate a large amount of heat and gas, which may lead to serious consequences such as battery explosion or fire.

[0004] At present, most energy storage boxes are equipped with corresponding fire extinguishing devices (or so-called devices for suppressing thermal runaway) to solve the problem of battery thermal runaway. However, the structure of the fire extinguishing device is relatively complex, and a corresponding electronic control mechanism is required to maintain the normal operation of the fire extinguishing device, and its cost is also relatively high. In addition, the current fire extinguishing devices can only start to release fire extinguishing agents to extinguish the fire when the thermal runaway of the battery in the energy storage box reaches an advanced stage or has already burned and flames appear. However, it is too late to extinguish the fire at this time, and the flame cannot be completely suppressed, and the fire extinguishing effect is poor. The root cause is that the fire extinguishing devices currently used with batteries mainly detect thermal runaway through fire detection tubes or sensors. Among them, the fire detection tube can only melt its tube wall after the flame reaches a high temperature, and then release the fire extinguishing agent therein, and the sensor can only trigger the sensor's sensing action after the temperature or smoke reaches a certain level. The above methods are relatively passive and lagging, resulting in low efficiency in suppressing battery thermal runaway. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a device for suppressing thermal runaway of an energy storage box and a fire extinguishing method thereof, so as to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a device for suppressing thermal runaway of an energy storage box, comprising a fire extinguishing agent storage tank arranged inside or outside the box, a plurality of batteries are arranged in the box, the output end of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank is connected to one end of a fire detection pipe and one end of a spray pipe respectively through a bottle head valve, a detection box is provided above the pressure relief valve of each battery, the plurality of detection boxes are connected to each other, and one of the detection boxes is connected to the other end of the fire detection pipe, the detection box and the fire detection pipe are filled with inert gas, the other end of the spray pipe extends and is arranged around the battery, and a plurality of nozzles are provided on the surface of the spray pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the fire extinguishing agent storage tank is filled with perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent and inert gas, and a siphon is provided in the fire extinguishing agent storage tank, and the siphon is connected to the input end of the bottle head valve.

[0008] Preferably, the bottle head valve includes a valve body, an upper through hole connected to the fire detection tube is provided on the upper side of the inner channel of the valve body, a lower through hole connected to the spraying tube is provided on the lower side of the inner channel of the valve body, and a movable valve core is provided in friction contact with the side wall of the channel inside the valve body; before the bottle head valve is opened, the side of the movable valve core blocks the lower through hole, and after the bottle head valve is opened, the movable valve core moves upward and blocks the upper through hole, and releases the lower through hole.

[0009] Preferably, the detection box is fixed to the top of the battery by a supporting liner.

[0010] Preferably, an exhaust hole is also provided at the bottom of the box.

[0011] Preferably, the upper surface of the pressure relief valve of each battery contacts the bottom of the detection box, a pressure relief diaphragm is installed inside the pressure relief valve, and the bottom of the detection box is also a pressure relief diaphragm structure.

[0012] Preferably, the two detection boxes on the front and rear sides are in contact with each other, and a communication valve is provided at the contact position, and the two detection boxes on the left and right sides are in communication with each other through a connecting pipe.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0014] 1. The structure of the device of the utility model is relatively simple, and no corresponding electric control mechanism is required to maintain the normal operation of the fire extinguishing device. Its cost is also relatively low, which is conducive to its application and promotion in the field of energy storage.

[0015] 2. The traditional application process of fire detection tubes requires the appearance of high flame temperature to melt the tube wall and then release the fire extinguishing agent. However, in the utility model, when the battery has thermal runaway, the pressure relief valve will automatically open, causing the bottom of the detection box to be impacted and ruptured, thereby reducing the internal pressure of the detection box and the fire detection tube, and then causing the bottle head valve to open and release the fire extinguishing agent from the spray pipe. Compared with traditional fire extinguishing methods, the utility model can intervene and suppress thermal runaway at the early stage of occurrence, effectively preventing the degree of thermal runaway from aggravating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a device for suppressing thermal runaway of an energy storage box installed in a box body (without the box cover);

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a structure in which a plurality of detection boxes are connected to a connecting pipe;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one of the batteries in the energy storage box;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure in which one of the batteries is connected to the detection box and the supporting lining;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the connection between the fire extinguishing agent storage tank, the bottle head valve, the fire detection pipe and the spray pipe;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure before the bottle head valve is opened;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the bottle head valve is opened. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a device for suppressing thermal runaway of an energy storage box includes a fire extinguishing agent storage tank 2 arranged on the inside or outside of a box body 1, a plurality of batteries 3 are arranged in the box body 1, the output end of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank 2 is connected to one end of a fire detection tube 5 and one end of a spraying tube 6 respectively through a bottle head valve 4, a detection box 8 is arranged above the pressure relief valve 7 of each battery 3, the plurality of detection boxes 8 are connected to each other, and one of the detection boxes 8 is connected to the other end of the fire detection tube 5, the detection box 8 and the fire detection tube 5 are filled with inert gas, the other end of the spraying tube 6 extends and is arranged around the battery 3, and a plurality of nozzles 9 are arranged on the surface of the spraying tube 6.

[0025] Preferably, if Figure 5 As shown, the fire extinguishing agent storage tank 2 is filled with perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent and inert gas, and a siphon 2.1 is provided in the fire extinguishing agent storage tank 2, and the siphon 2.1 is connected to the input end of the bottle head valve 4. With such a design, when the bottom of the detection box 8 is broken, the inert gas inside the detection box 8 escapes, thereby causing the pressure inside the detection box 8 and the fire detection tube 5 to drop, thereby causing the bottle head valve 4 to open. When the bottle head valve 4 is opened, the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent storage tank 2 is pressed out from the siphon 2.1 under the pressure of the inert gas, and then sprayed out from the spray pipe 6.

[0026] The bottle head valve 4 itself is a common valve component on the market. This embodiment is, for example, the following implementation method:

[0027] The bottle head valve 4 comprises a valve body 4.1, wherein an upper through hole 4.2 communicating with the fire detection tube 5 is provided on the upper side of the inner channel of the valve body 4.1, a lower through hole 4.3 communicating with the spraying tube 6 is provided on the lower side of the inner channel of the valve body 4.1, and a movable valve core 4.4 in frictional contact with the side wall of the channel is provided in the inner channel of the valve body 4.1; before the bottle head valve 4 is opened, the side of the movable valve core 4.4 blocks the lower through hole 4.3, and after the bottle head valve 4 is opened, the movable valve core 4.4 moves upward and blocks the upper through hole 4.2, and releases the lower through hole 4.3. Before the bottle head valve 4 is opened (such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the side of the movable valve core 4.4 blocks the lower through hole 4.3 (without blocking the upper through hole 4.2). At this time, the inner and outer sides of the movable valve core 4.4 are filled with inert gas, so the pressure is balanced and the movable valve core 4.4 does not move. When the pressure inside the detection box 8 and the fire detection tube 5 decreases, the movable valve core 4.4 overcomes the friction with the side wall of the channel under the action of the inner inert gas pressure, thereby moving upward and blocking the upper through hole 4.2 (as shown in the figure). Figure 7 As shown), the lower through hole 4.3 is released, and finally the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent storage tank 2 is pressed out from the siphon 2.1 under the pressure of the inert gas, and then sprayed out from the spray pipe 6 after passing through the lower through hole 4.3.

[0028] Preferably, if Figure 4 As shown, the detection box 8 is fixed to the top of the battery 3 by the support lining 10. The detection box 8 can be stably fixed to the top of the battery 3 by the support lining 10.

[0029] Preferably, an exhaust hole is further provided at the bottom of the box 1. After such a design, the combustible gas and the fire extinguishing agent vapor inside the box 1 can be discharged from the exhaust hole in time, preventing the combustible gas and the fire extinguishing agent vapor from gathering in the box 1.

[0030] Preferably, the upper surface of the pressure relief valve 7 of each battery 3 contacts the bottom of the detection box 8, a pressure relief diaphragm is installed inside the pressure relief valve 7, and the bottom of the detection box 8 is also a pressure relief diaphragm structure. In this embodiment, the pressure relief valve 7 is a pressure relief diaphragm structure. Once the abnormal reaction generated inside the battery 3 causes the battery temperature to rise rapidly, the chemical reaction inside the battery is out of control and generates a large amount of heat and gas, which can quickly break through the diaphragm structure under the action of pressure, so that the pressure can be released in time; in addition, the bottom of the detection box 8 contacts the pressure relief valve 7, so when the pressure relief valve 7 is broken, since the bottom of the detection box 8 is also a pressure relief diaphragm structure, it is easy to be broken together, effectively avoiding the phenomenon that the bottom of the detection box 8 cannot be broken when the pressure relief valve 7 is broken.

[0031] Preferably, if Figure 2As shown, the two detection boxes 8 on the front and rear sides are in contact with each other, and a connecting valve is provided at the contact position, and the two detection boxes 8 on the left and right sides are connected through a connecting pipe 11. The internal environment of the box body 1 is relatively narrow, and by setting such a front-to-back contact connection and the left-to-right connection through the connecting pipe 11, space can be effectively saved. In addition, the connecting valve of the detection box 8 can be a matching structure of a sleeve and a cannula, that is, a cannula is provided on the front side of the detection box 8, and a sleeve is provided on the rear side, so that it can be directly installed by plug-in, which is convenient for installation.

[0032] In addition, the utility model also discloses a method for suppressing thermal runaway of an energy storage box, which uses the above-mentioned device for suppressing thermal runaway of an energy storage box, and comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1. When the battery 2 experiences thermal runaway, its pressure relief valve 7 will automatically open to release the combustible gas generated inside the battery in time, and the bottom of the detection box 8 will be impacted and ruptured;

[0034] S2. When the bottom of the detection box 8 is broken, the inert gas inside the detection box 8 escapes, so that the pressure inside the detection box 8 and the fire detection tube 5 decreases, and then the bottle head valve 4 opens;

[0035] S3, after the bottle head valve 4 is opened, the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent storage tank 2 is sprayed out from the spray pipe 6, and finally reaches the surroundings of the battery 2 from the multiple nozzles 9 on the surface, thereby reducing the temperature near the battery 2 and preventing heat diffusion;

[0036] S4. The combustible gas and fire extinguishing agent vapor of the battery 2 are discharged from the exhaust hole at the bottom of the box 1 to prevent the combustible gas from accumulating in the box 1 and causing the thermal runaway of the battery 2 to increase.

[0037] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for suppressing thermal runaway of an energy storage box, comprising a fire extinguishing agent storage tank (2) arranged inside or outside a box body (1), a plurality of batteries (3) arranged inside the box body (1), an output end of the fire extinguishing agent storage tank (2) being connected to one end of a fire detection tube (5) and one end of a spraying tube (6) respectively through a bottle head valve (4), characterized in that: A detection box (8) is provided above the pressure relief valve (7) of each battery (3), the plurality of detection boxes (8) are connected to each other, and one of the detection boxes (8) is connected to the other end of the fire detection tube (5), the detection box (8) and the fire detection tube (5) are filled with inert gas, the other end of the spray pipe (6) extends and is arranged around the battery (3), and a plurality of nozzles (9) are provided on the surface of the spray pipe (6).

2. The device for suppressing thermal runaway of an energy storage box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing agent storage tank (2) is filled with perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent and inert gas. A siphon tube (2.1) is provided in the fire extinguishing agent storage tank (2), and the siphon tube (2.1) is connected to the input end of the bottle head valve (4).

3. The device for suppressing thermal runaway of an energy storage box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottle head valve (4) comprises a valve body (4.1); an upper through hole (4.2) communicating with a fire detection tube (5) is provided on the upper side of an inner channel of the valve body (4.1); a lower through hole (4.3) communicating with a spraying tube (6) is provided on the lower side of an inner channel of the valve body (4.1); and a movable valve core (4.4) in frictional contact with a side wall of the channel is provided in the inner channel of the valve body (4.1); before the bottle head valve (4) is opened, a side portion of the movable valve core (4.4) blocks the lower through hole (4.3); after the bottle head valve (4) is opened, the movable valve core (4.4) moves upward and blocks the upper through hole (4.2), and releases the lower through hole (4.3).

4. The device for suppressing thermal runaway of an energy storage box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection box (8) is fixed to the top of the battery (3) via a supporting lining (10).

5. The device for suppressing thermal runaway of an energy storage box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the box body (1) is also provided with an exhaust hole.

6. The device for suppressing thermal runaway of an energy storage box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the pressure relief valve (7) of each battery (3) contacts the bottom of the detection box (8), a pressure relief diaphragm is installed inside the pressure relief valve (7), and the bottom of the detection box (8) is also a pressure relief diaphragm structure.

7. The device for suppressing thermal runaway of an energy storage box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two detection boxes (8) on the front and rear sides are in contact with each other, and a communication valve is provided at the contact position. The two detection boxes (8) on the left and right sides are in communication with each other via a connecting pipe (11).

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