Ultra-large-volume high-pressure IV-type station hydrogen storage cylinder

Abstract

A hydrogen storage cylinder for an ultra-large-volume high-pressure IV type station comprises an inner container and a carbon fiber composite winding layer wound outside the inner container, the inner container comprises a cylindrical inner container extrusion section in the middle and hemispherical inner container injection molding sections covering the two ends of the inner container extrusion section, and a metal valve seat is arranged in the center of each inner container injection molding section. The inner container injection molding section and the inner container extrusion section are fixedly connected into a whole through a welding seam, and the carbon fiber composite winding layer wraps the inner container injection molding section and the inner container extrusion section. Compared with an existing 99 Mpa station hydrogen storage container, the 99 Mpa station hydrogen storage container has the structural characteristics that a station IV type hydrogen storage bottle with the ultra-large volume of more than 2000 L and the high pressure of 103 MPa can be manufactured, high-strength carbon fibers and aluminum alloy materials are used, the weight can be reduced by 35%, and the consistency and the stability of product performance and the hydrogen storage capacity under the same boundary dimension are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a hydrogen storage cylinder, in particular to an ultra-large volume high-pressure IV type station-use hydrogen storage cylinder and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is recognized as an important secondary energy source in the 21st century. It has the advantages of abundant resources, high calorific value, cleanliness and renewability. With the development of fuel cells and fuel cell vehicles, safe and efficient hydrogen storage technology has become the key to the application of hydrogen energy.

[0003] As an important guarantee for the application of hydrogen energy, hydrogen refueling stations are key infrastructure for the commercialization of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The number and popularity of hydrogen refueling stations determine the commercialization process of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Hydrogen refueling stations are to fuel cell vehicles what gas stations are to traditional fuel vehicles and charging stations are to pure electric vehicles. They are an indispensable cornerstone to support the development of the hydrogen energy industry chain.

[0004] At present, hydrogen refueling stations are mainly high-pressure compressed hydrogen refueling stations. Depending on the hydrogen supply method, the equipment of each system in the hydrogen refueling station is slightly different, but roughly the same. The main equipment of the hydrogen refueling station includes gas unloading column, compressor, hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen refueling machine, pipeline, control system, nitrogen purge device and safety monitoring device, etc. Its main core equipment is compressor, station hydrogen storage tank and hydrogen refueling machine.

[0005] The station hydrogen storage tank is one of the core equipment of the hydrogen refueling station, which largely determines the hydrogen supply capacity of the hydrogen refueling station. For the hydrogen storage tanks equipped in the hydrogen refueling station with a filling capacity of 70Mpa, the nominal pressure must reach above 99Mpa. In the current market, the 99Mpa station hydrogen storage bottles of hydrogen refueling stations with a filling capacity of 70Mpa are manufactured in two ways. One is to use seamless thick-walled 30 molybdenum steel through heat sealing, modulation and other processes. This manufacturing method accounts for 90% of the market share; the other production method is to use steel strips for multi-layer staggered winding and welding, which accounts for 10% of the market share. The station hydrogen storage bottles made by these two methods have carbon steel as the stress-bearing material of the bottle body, which has safety hazards caused by hydrogen embrittlement of the material and has a short service life. In order to ensure the purity of hydrogen, the inner wall of the bottle must be ground during the manufacturing process. The roughness of the inner wall reaches 6.3um, and defects exceeding 0.6mm are not allowed. The grinding manufacturing cycle is long and the yield rate is low. There is a large weight-to-volume ratio, a long production cycle, and the risk of hydrogen embrittlement and fatigue failure of metal materials. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-large volume high-pressure IV type hydrogen storage cylinder for station use.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: an ultra-large volume high-pressure IV type station hydrogen storage cylinder, comprising an inner liner and a carbon fiber composite winding layer wound around the outside of the inner liner, the inner liner comprising a cylindrical inner liner extrusion section in the middle part and a hemispherical inner liner injection molding section covered at both ends of the inner liner extrusion section, a metal valve seat is respectively arranged at the center of each inner liner injection molding section, the inner liner injection molding section and the inner liner extrusion section are fixedly connected to form a whole by welding welds, and the carbon fiber composite winding layer wraps the inner liner injection molding section and the inner liner extrusion section.

[0008] Furthermore, a glass fiber composite winding layer is wound outside the carbon fiber composite winding layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the metal valve seat is made of forged aluminum and then anodized.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner liner extrusion section and the inner liner injection section are made of polyamide material.

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the inner liner extrusion section and the inner liner injection section is controlled to be between millimeters and millimeters.

[0012] The hydrogen storage cylinder of the utility model can be made into an ultra-large volume 103Mpa high-pressure IV type station hydrogen storage cylinder. The inner layer of the utility model is a plastic liner, the middle is a carbon fiber winding reinforcement layer, and the outer surface is a glass fiber protective layer. The volume of a single plastic bottle is ≥2000L, and it has the advantages of good fatigue resistance, hydrogen embrittlement resistance, and long service life. It can solve the safety hazards of the existing 99Mpa station hydrogen storage bottles in the market, such as easy hydrogen embrittlement and fatigue failure, as well as the shortcomings of large weight-to-volume ratio, long production cycle, and short service life. Among them, the current stainless steel multi-layer wrapping welding molding manufacturing method has problems such as low degree of mechanical automation and low consistency of product quality, and low efficiency of mass production; and if a single-layer spun seamless steel pipe is used to spin a 99MPa hydrogen storage container, it is necessary to increase the container volume and the carrying capacity of the container, and the wall thickness of the designed container will be very thick, which brings a series of technical problems. The first technical bottleneck encountered was the uniformity of the rolling process of large-volume seamless steel pipes. The heat treatment equipment and process could not fully guarantee that the steel cylinders were fully hardened in the thickness direction to form a uniform tempered bainite, which resulted in too rapid crack propagation in the presence of hydrogen and easily caused hydrogen embrittlement. The hot spinning process of the spinning equipment was more difficult, so this structure posed a greater challenge to the processing capabilities of large equipment.

[0013] Through the arrangement of the utility model, the liner includes a cylindrical liner extrusion section in the middle part and a hemispherical liner injection section covered at both ends of the liner extrusion section, and a metal valve seat is arranged at the center of each liner injection section. The liner injection section and the liner extrusion section are fixedly connected to form a whole through a welding weld, and the carbon fiber composite winding layer wraps the liner injection section and the liner extrusion section, which has the following advantages:

[0014] 1) Compared with the existing 99Mpa station hydrogen storage container, the structural features of the utility model can be made into a super-large volume of more than 2000L high-pressure 103MPa station IV type hydrogen storage bottle. The use of high-strength carbon fiber and aluminum alloy materials can reduce the weight by 35%, improve the consistency and stability of product performance and the hydrogen storage capacity under the same external dimensions;

[0015] 2) Compared with the existing 99Mpa station hydrogen storage container, the utility model has a large volume of more than 2000L high pressure 103MPa station IV type hydrogen storage bottle, and the inner liner uses modified polyamide material, which is more conducive to significantly reducing the hydrogen embrittlement phenomenon in the hydrogen environment, reducing safety hazards, and improving product fatigue strength and service life;

[0016] 3) The plastic liner welding molding method is adopted, which is suitable for multiple specifications, batch design, continuous automated production, and improves production efficiency;

[0017] 4) Carbon fiber composite winding and curing is used as the pressure-bearing layer of the gas cylinder. The design is flexible and a larger pressure range can be increased through layer design, which is more suitable for the future needs of hydrogen refueling stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] An ultra-large volume high-pressure IV type hydrogen storage cylinder for stations comprises an inner liner and a carbon fiber composite winding layer 1 wound around the outside of the inner liner, the inner liner comprising a cylindrical inner liner extrusion section 2 in the middle and hemispherical inner liner injection molding sections 3 covering both ends of the inner liner extrusion section 2, a metal valve seat 4 is arranged at the center of each inner liner injection molding section 3, the inner liner injection molding section 3 and the inner liner extrusion section 2 are fixedly connected to form a whole through a welding weld 5, specifically, the inner liner injection molding section 3 and the inner liner extrusion section 2 are heated at the interface by an infrared heating device, after the heating is completed, a weld structure 5 is formed at the interface, and the weld overflow is polished by a polishing mechanism at the welding weld 5, finally a complete integrated plastic inner liner is obtained, the carbon fiber composite winding layer 1 wraps the inner liner injection molding section 3 and the inner liner extrusion section 2, and the entire plastic inner liner is completely wrapped.

[0021] A glass fiber composite winding layer 6 is also wound around the outside of the carbon fiber composite winding layer 1. The metal valve seat 4 is made of 6061 forged aluminum and then anodized. The inner liner extrusion section 2 and the inner liner injection molding section 3 are made of polyamide material. The thickness of the inner liner extrusion section 2 and the inner liner injection molding section 3 is controlled to be 3 mm to 10 mm.

[0022] Specifically: the metal valve seat 4 is made of 6061 forged aluminum and then anodized. The forged aluminum has high strength and few molding defects. The anodized treatment enhances the bonding strength with the epoxy resin layer. The structural design of the metal valve seat matches the structure of the inner tank mouth (inner tank injection molding section 3), ensuring that the two can be completely and tightly combined together, ensuring the feasibility of the sealing structure design;

[0023] The material of the liner injection molding section 3 is modified polyamide injection molding granules with a density of 1.06g / cm³. The liner injection molding section is molded and injection molded according to the material property analysis. The thickness of the product is generally between 3 mm and 10 mm. The molding process is that the raw material particles are fully dried in the dehumidifying dryer, and then added to the storage hopper of the injection molding machine. After the screw shearing and heating plasticization, they are injected into the mold cavity at a certain pressure and speed. After the cooling time is reached, the mold is opened to obtain the required product. The injection molding machine process pressure, temperature, pressure holding and other adjustment parameters are precisely controlled, the molded product has high density, precise structural dimensions, and high production efficiency;

[0024] The material of the liner injection molding section 3 is modified polyamide extrusion granules, with the same density of 1.06g / cm³. A matching mold is made according to the material property analysis, and the tube is extruded on the extruder equipment. The thickness of the product tube is also between 3 mm and 10 mm. The molding process is that the raw material particles are fully dried in the dehumidifying dryer, and then added to the extruder storage hopper. After screw shearing and heating plasticization, they are injected into the mold, and then pulled by the traction device to the vacuum box for cooling and shaping, and then cut to length by the chipless cutting machine, which can quickly cut into tubes of corresponding lengths and sizes;

[0025] Welding seam 5 is the hot melt mark produced by welding the liner injection molding section and the liner extrusion section on an infrared automatic welding machine, and then processed by flexible turning equipment; the carbon fiber composite winding layer is carbon fiber impregnated with epoxy resin and wound on the plastic liner according to the layer design, and is shaped after curing. Its main function is to withstand pressure and ensure the stability of the gas cylinder at high and low levels;

[0026] The glass fiber composite winding layer is made by impregnating glass fiber with epoxy resin and then winding it around the plastic liner according to the layup design. It is shaped after curing. Its main function is to serve as a protective layer to resist the impact of flying sand and rocks in the external environment on the gas cylinder and to protect the integrity of the carbon fiber composite layer of the pressure-bearing layer.

[0027] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-large volume high-pressure IV-type station hydrogen storage cylinder, comprising an inner liner and a carbon fiber composite winding layer (1) wound around the outer surface of the inner liner, characterized in that: The liner comprises a cylindrical liner extrusion section (2) in the middle and hemispherical liner injection sections (3) covering both ends of the liner extrusion section (2). A metal valve seat (4) is provided at the center of each liner injection section (3). The liner injection section (3) and the liner extrusion section (2) are fixedly connected to form an integral body via a welding seam (5). The carbon fiber composite winding layer (1) wraps the liner injection section (3) and the liner extrusion section (2).

2. The ultra-large volume high pressure IV type hydrogen storage cylinder for station use as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A glass fiber composite winding layer (6) is further wound around the carbon fiber composite winding layer (1).

3. The ultra-large volume high pressure IV type station hydrogen storage cylinder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The metal valve seat (4) is made of 6061 forged aluminum and then anodized.

4. The ultra-large volume high pressure IV type hydrogen storage cylinder for station use as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner liner extrusion section (2) and the inner liner injection section (3) are made of polyamide material.

5. The ultra-large volume high pressure IV type station hydrogen storage cylinder as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the inner liner extrusion section (2) and the inner liner injection section (3) is controlled to be between 3 mm and 10 mm.

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