Hydrogen fuel cell monomer and hydrogen fuel cell stack

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell monomer and a hydrogen fuel cell pack. The hydrogen fuel cell cell includes: an anode plate including an anode substrate, hydrogen flow channels disposed on opposite sides of the anode substrate, and an anode terminal connected to the anode substrate; the two cathode plates are arranged on the two sides of the anode plate respectively, each cathode plate comprises a cathode substrate, an air channel arranged on the cathode substrate and a cathode terminal connected to the cathode substrate, and the cathode terminals of the cathode plates located on the two sides of the anode plate are connected with each other and separated from the anode terminal; and the two membrane electrodes are respectively arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate. The hydrogen fuel cell monomer disclosed by the utility model is high in sealing performance and convenient and flexible to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell monomer and a hydrogen fuel cell group. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy.

[0003] A large number of bipolar plates and membrane electrodes are stacked in existing hydrogen fuel cells. When manufacturing the fuel cell, each contact surface needs to maintain sealing properties under high temperature and high pressure.

[0004] However, when stacking a large number of bipolar plates and membrane electrodes in a hydrogen fuel cell, it is difficult to ensure the sealing of each contact surface, resulting in poor reliability. In addition, when stacking and assembling, it is necessary to precisely control the stacking accuracy, assembly pressure and other conditions, the assembly requirements are harsh, and the assembly efficiency is low. Utility Model Content

[0005] One object of the utility model is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell unit with high sealing performance and convenient and flexible use, and a hydrogen fuel cell group including the hydrogen fuel cell unit.

[0006] Another object of the utility model is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell unit including a cathode plate with a simple structure and a hydrogen fuel cell group including the hydrogen fuel cell unit.

[0007] Another object of the utility model is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell group that is easy to assemble.

[0008] Another object of the utility model is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell group with high installation efficiency.

[0009] According to one aspect of the utility model, a hydrogen fuel cell monomer is provided, which includes: an anode plate, including an anode substrate, hydrogen flow channels arranged on two sides of the anode substrate opposite to each other, and an anode terminal connected to the anode substrate; two cathode plates, respectively arranged on both sides of the anode plate, each cathode plate including a cathode substrate, an air channel arranged on the cathode substrate and a cathode terminal connected to the cathode substrate, the cathode terminals of the cathode plates located on both sides of the anode plate are connected to each other and separated from the anode terminals; two membrane electrodes, respectively arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate.

[0010] Optionally, the air channel penetrates the cathode substrate.

[0011] Optionally, the anode plate further comprises a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet, wherein the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet are spaced apart from each other and both are in communication with the hydrogen flow channel.

[0012] Optionally, the anode plate further comprises an insert plate arranged at one side of the anode substrate, the insert plate protrudes relative to the cathode substrate, and the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet are arranged on the insert plate.

[0013] Optionally, the anode plate further comprises a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is fixed to the anode substrate around the hydrogen flow channel.

[0014] Optionally, the membrane electrode comprises, in order from the side close to the cathode plate to the side close to the anode plate: a cathode gas diffusion layer, a cathode catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane, an anode catalyst layer, and an anode gas diffusion layer.

[0015] According to another aspect of the utility model, a hydrogen fuel cell group is provided, which includes: a shell; a plurality of hydrogen fuel cell monomers, which are connected in parallel or in series and arranged in the shell, wherein a hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen outlet, an air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the shell, the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet are connected to the hydrogen flow channel, and the air inlet and the air outlet are connected to the air channel.

[0016] Optionally, the hydrogen fuel cell stack further includes a base disposed in the shell, the base is provided with a plurality of slots, and the anode plate further includes an insert plate disposed on one side of the anode substrate, the insert plate protrudes relative to the cathode substrate and is inserted into the slots.

[0017] Optionally, the anode plate further includes a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet both connected to the hydrogen flow channel, the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet are arranged on the plug plate at a distance from each other, and the base includes a hydrogen inlet channel and a hydrogen outlet channel, the hydrogen inlet channel connects the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen flow port, and the hydrogen outlet channel connects the hydrogen outlet and the hydrogen outlet.

[0018] Optionally, the air channel penetrates the cathode substrate, and the air inlet and the air outlet are separated from the hydrogen inlet channel and the hydrogen outlet channel.

[0019] According to the utility model, the hydrogen fuel cell monomer does not need to stack dozens to hundreds of bipolar plates and membrane electrodes, which on the one hand improves the sealing and thus the reliability, and on the other hand can form hydrogen fuel cell groups of different powers by adjusting the number of hydrogen fuel cell monomers according to different application scenarios, which is convenient and flexible to use.

[0020] According to the utility model, the middle reaction area of ​​the cathode substrate is directly hollowed out to form an air channel. Compared with the conventional cathode plate, the structure is simple and easy to implement, and it is convenient to manufacture the hydrogen fuel cell group.

[0021] The hydrogen fuel cell group according to the utility model can be formed by fixing a plurality of sealed hydrogen fuel cell monomers into a shell, so there is no need to consider the sealing during assembly. In addition, no professional dust-free workshop and equipment are required, and it is easier to manufacture.

[0022] In addition, the hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the utility model can install multiple hydrogen fuel cell units by a quick-plug installation method, thereby improving the installation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a hydrogen fuel cell unit according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of a hydrogen fuel cell unit shown in FIG.

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 An exploded perspective view of the anode plate shown in ;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cathode plate shown in ;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the membrane electrode in ;

[0029] Figure 6 is a perspective view of a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present utility model, in which a portion of a housing of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is cut away to show its internal structure;

[0030] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the base of a hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0031] Explanation of the symbols in the accompanying drawings: 1000-hydrogen fuel cell group, 100-hydrogen fuel cell monomer, 110-anode plate, 111-anode substrate, 112-hydrogen flow channel, 113-anode terminal, 114-hydrogen inlet, 115-hydrogen outlet, 116-plug plate, 117-sealing ring, 120-cathode plate, 121-cathode substrate, 122-air channel, 123-cathode terminal, 130-membrane electrode, 131-frame, 132-proton exchange membrane, 133-cathode gas diffusion layer, 134-anode gas diffusion layer, 200-shell, 210-hydrogen inlet, 220-hydrogen exhaust outlet, 230-air inlet, 240-air exhaust outlet, 300-base, 310-slot, 320-hydrogen inlet, 330-hydrogen outlet, 1-fastener. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0034] Below, we will refer to Figures 1 to 7 A hydrogen fuel cell unit and a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0035] Hydrogen fuel cell unit

[0036] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell monomer according to an embodiment of the utility model, Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The exploded perspective view of the hydrogen fuel cell unit shown in FIG. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 An exploded perspective view of the anode plate shown in FIG. Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cathode plate shown in, Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the membrane electrode in .

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a hydrogen fuel cell monomer 100 according to an embodiment of the present utility model may include: an anode plate 110, including an anode substrate 111, a hydrogen flow channel 112 arranged on two sides of the anode substrate 111 opposite to each other, and an anode terminal 113 connected to the anode substrate 111; cathode plates 120, respectively arranged on both sides of the anode plate 110, each cathode plate 120 including a cathode substrate 121, an air channel 122 arranged on the cathode substrate 121 and a cathode terminal 123 connected to the cathode substrate 121, the cathode terminals 123 of the cathode plates 120 located on both sides of the anode plate 110 are connected to each other and separated from the anode terminal 113; a membrane electrode 130, arranged between the anode plate 110 and the cathode plate 120.

[0038] The hydrogen fuel cell unit 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention may include an anode plate 110, a cathode plate 120 and a membrane electrode 130. The cathode plates 120 are respectively disposed on both sides of the anode plate 110, and the membrane electrode 130 is interposed between the anode plate 110 and the cathode plate 120.

[0039] The hydrogen fuel cell monomer 100 according to the embodiment of the utility model can form two power generation units. The middle anode plate 110 is a common anode plate of the two power generation units, and forms a power generation unit with two cathode plates 120 located on both sides thereof.

[0040] Specifically, the anode plate 110 may include an anode substrate 111, a hydrogen flow channel 112 disposed on both sides of the anode substrate 111 opposite to each other, and an anode terminal 113 connected to the anode substrate 111. The anode terminal 113 may serve as a common negative electrode. Each cathode plate 120 may include a cathode substrate 121, an air channel 122 disposed on the cathode substrate 121, and a cathode terminal 123 connected to the cathode substrate 121. The cathode terminals 123 of the two cathode plates 120 may be connected to each other and separated from the anode terminal 113, serving as a positive electrode. Two power generation units may be connected in parallel to form a battery cell.

[0041] According to the embodiments of the utility model, the battery cells do not need to stack dozens to hundreds of bipolar plates and membrane electrodes. On the one hand, the reliability can be improved by improving the sealing. On the other hand, hydrogen fuel cell groups of different powers can be formed by adjusting the number of hydrogen fuel cell cells according to different application scenarios, which is convenient and flexible.

[0042] According to the embodiments of the present utility model, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the anode plate 110, the cathode plate 120 and the membrane electrode 130 may be combined with each other. For example, through holes may be formed on the peripheries of the anode substrate 111, the cathode substrate 121 and the membrane electrode 130, and the three may be connected by fasteners 1 (bolts and nuts). However, the method of combining the anode plate 110, the cathode plate 120 and the membrane electrode 130 is not limited thereto, and for example, the three may also be combined with each other using riveting and clamping.

[0043] According to the embodiments of the present utility model, Figure 3 As shown, the anode plate 110 may further include a hydrogen inlet 114 and a hydrogen outlet 115, which are spaced apart from each other and are both connected to the hydrogen flow channel 112 on both sides of the anode substrate 111. Hydrogen can enter the hydrogen flow channel 112 through the hydrogen inlet 114, and unreacted hydrogen can flow out through the hydrogen outlet 115.

[0044] According to the embodiments of the present utility model, Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen inlet 114 and the hydrogen outlet 115 can be arranged on one side of the anode substrate 111, so as to facilitate the subsequent assembly of the hydrogen fuel cell stack using a quick plug-in design. Figure 3 As shown, the anode plate 110 may further include an insert plate 116 disposed on one side of the anode substrate 111, the insert plate 116 protruding relative to the cathode substrate 121, and the hydrogen inlet 114 and the hydrogen outlet 115 may be disposed on the insert plate 116. As an example, Figure 3 As shown, the anode terminal 113 may be disposed opposite to the plug board 116 in a vertical direction. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, as long as the anode terminal 113 can be formed.

[0045] As an example, Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen inlet 114 can be simultaneously connected to the hydrogen flow channels 112 on both sides of the anode plate 110, and the hydrogen outlet 115 can be simultaneously connected to the hydrogen flow channels 112 on both sides of the anode plate 110, and the hydrogen inlet 114 and the hydrogen outlet 115 are separated from each other. That is, after the hydrogen enters from the hydrogen inlet 114, the flow channel enters the hydrogen flow channels 112 on both sides of the anode plate 110, and the unreacted hydrogen is discharged from the hydrogen outlet 115. For example, the hydrogen inlet 114 can be connected to the hydrogen flow channel 112 from the inside of the plug plate 116, and similarly, the hydrogen outlet 115 can be connected to the hydrogen flow channel 112 from the inside of the plug plate 116.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen flow channels 112 disposed on both sides of the anode substrate 111 can be formed by grooving both sides of the anode substrate 111. The structure of the hydrogen flow channel 112 is not specifically limited, as long as the hydrogen flow channel 112 can be connected to the hydrogen inlet 114 and the hydrogen outlet 115, and any hydrogen flow channel structure known in the art can be applied. In addition, the structures of the hydrogen flow channels 112 disposed on both sides of the anode substrate 111 can be the same or different from each other, and there is no specific limitation on this.

[0047] According to the embodiments of the present utility model, Figure 3 As shown, the anode plate 110 may further include a sealing ring 117, which may be fixed to the anode substrate 111 around the hydrogen flow channel 112. Specifically, the anode plate 110 may include two sealing rings 117, which respectively seal the hydrogen flow channels 112 on both sides of the anode substrate 111 to prevent hydrogen leakage.

[0048] According to the embodiments of the present utility model, Figure 4 As shown, each cathode plate 120 may include a cathode substrate 121 and an air channel 122 disposed on the cathode substrate 121. According to an embodiment of the utility model, the air channel 122 may penetrate the cathode substrate 121. That is, the air channel 122 is formed by hollowing out the middle reaction zone of the cathode substrate 121, that is, the cathode substrate 121 is directly exposed to the air. In conventional hydrogen fuel cells, it is necessary to groove the cathode substrate to form a cathode flow channel and to correspondingly set an air inlet and outlet connected thereto, resulting in a complex structure. According to an embodiment of the utility model, the air channel 122 is formed by directly hollowing out the middle reaction zone of the cathode substrate 121, and the structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0049] It should be understood that the structures of the air passages 122 of the two cathode plates 120 do not need to be completely identical, as long as they can achieve the function of letting in air. Figure 4 As mentioned above, the air channels 122 may be arranged in multiple rows side by side in the reaction zone.

[0050] According to the embodiments of the present utility model, Figure 2 As shown, the membrane electrode 130 is disposed between the anode plate 110 and the cathode plate 120. Figure 5 As shown, the membrane electrode 130 may include, from the side close to the cathode plate 120 to the side close to the anode plate 110 , a cathode gas diffusion layer 133 , a cathode catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane 132 , an anode catalyst layer, and an anode gas diffusion layer 134 in sequence.

[0051] The proton exchange membrane 132 may be coupled to the frame 131, and the cathode gas diffusion layer 133, the cathode catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer, and the anode gas diffusion layer 134 may be located on both sides of the proton exchange membrane 132. The frame 131 may be coupled to the anode plate 110 and the cathode plate 120, for example, by bolts.

[0052] As an example, the cathode gas diffusion layer 133 and the anode gas diffusion layer 134 may be carbon paper, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any material known in the art that can be used as a gas diffusion layer may be applied to the present invention. In addition, the cathode catalyst layer, the anode catalyst layer and the proton exchange membrane are also conventional structures and materials in the art, and are not described in detail here.

[0053] During the operation of a hydrogen fuel cell monomer, hydrogen passes through the anode gas diffusion layer 134 from the hydrogen flow channel 112 to the anode catalyst layer, and is adsorbed on the anode catalyst layer. Under the catalytic action of the catalyst in the anode catalyst layer, hydrogen is decomposed into hydrogen ions, i.e., hydrogen protons, and 2 electrons are released. Air passes through the cathode gas diffusion layer 133 through the air channel 122 to the cathode catalyst layer, and is adsorbed on the cathode catalyst layer. At the same time, hydrogen ions pass through the proton exchange membrane 132 to the cathode catalyst layer, and electrons also reach the cathode catalyst layer through the external circuit. Under the action of the catalyst in the cathode catalyst layer, oxygen reacts with hydrogen ions and electrons to generate water. At the same time, electrons form a current under the connection of the external circuit, and electrical energy can be output to the load through appropriate connection.

[0054] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the anode substrate 111, the cathode substrate 121 and the frame 131 of the membrane electrode 130 may form a substantially rectangular shape. However, the shapes of the anode substrate 111, the cathode substrate and the frame 131 are not limited thereto, and for example, may also form a substantially circular shape, etc. In addition, the specific materials of the anode substrate 111 and the cathode substrate 121 are not limited, and for example, may be graphite, metal, carbon composite material, etc.

[0055] The hydrogen fuel cell monomer according to the utility model can be used as an independent small hydrogen stack to generate electricity independently. In addition, a plurality of hydrogen fuel cell monomers can also be used to form a hydrogen fuel cell group.

[0056] Hydrogen fuel cell stack

[0057] Figure 6 is a perspective view of a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present utility model, in which a portion of a housing of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is cut away to show its internal structure; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the base of a hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0058] like Figure 6As shown, the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1000 according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a housing 200 and a plurality of hydrogen fuel cell units 100 described above. The plurality of hydrogen fuel cell units 100 are connected in parallel or in series and are disposed in the housing 200 .

[0059] According to the embodiments of the present utility model, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1000 may also include a base 300 disposed in the housing 200. The base 300 is provided with a plurality of slots 310, and the plug plate 116 of the anode plate 110 may be fastened into the slots 310 by quick plugging, thereby improving installation efficiency. The plurality of slots 310 on the base 300 may be designed side by side, and the plurality of hydrogen fuel cell monomers 100 may be connected in parallel or in series as required.

[0060] The hydrogen fuel cell stack 1000 according to the embodiment of the utility model can be formed by fixing a plurality of sealed hydrogen fuel cell monomers 100 into the housing 200, so there is no need to consider the sealing during assembly, and no professional dust-free workshop and equipment are required, which makes it easier to manufacture. In addition, the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1000 according to the embodiment of the utility model can install a plurality of hydrogen fuel cell units by a quick-plug installation method, so the installation efficiency can be improved.

[0061] According to the embodiments of the present utility model, Figure 6 As shown, the housing 200 may be provided with a hydrogen inlet 210 and a hydrogen outlet 220 . The hydrogen inlet 210 and the hydrogen outlet 220 are in communication with the hydrogen flow passage 112 .

[0062] Specifically, the base 300 may include a hydrogen inlet channel and a hydrogen outlet channel, wherein the hydrogen inlet channel connects the hydrogen inlet 114 and the hydrogen inlet 210 of each hydrogen fuel cell unit 100, and the hydrogen outlet channel connects the hydrogen outlet 115 of each hydrogen fuel cell unit 100 and the hydrogen outlet 220 on the housing 200. Figure 6 and Figure 7 A base hydrogen inlet 320 and a base hydrogen outlet 330 may be provided on the base 300 at positions corresponding to the hydrogen inlet 210 and the hydrogen outlet 220 of the housing 200. Hydrogen may enter the hydrogen flow channel 112 through the hydrogen inlet 210, the hydrogen inlet 320, the hydrogen inlet channel and the hydrogen inlet 210 in sequence, and unreacted hydrogen may be discharged through the hydrogen outlet 115, the hydrogen outlet channel, the base hydrogen outlet 330 and the hydrogen outlet 220 in sequence.

[0063] According to the embodiments of the present utility model, Figure 6As shown, the housing 200 may also be provided with an air inlet 230 and an air outlet 240, which are in communication with the air channel 122. The air inlet 230 and the air outlet 240 may be separated from the hydrogen inlet channel and the hydrogen outlet channel. As an example, since the air channel 122 of each hydrogen fuel cell unit 100 penetrates the cathode substrate 121 and is exposed in the housing 200, the air entering the housing 200 through the air inlet 230 may be directly used for the reaction of the fuel cell unit without the need to design other channels. The air that has not reacted completely may be discharged through the air outlet 240.

[0064] According to an embodiment of the utility model, in order to improve the purity of the air entering the housing 200, a filter element may be provided on one side of the air inlet 230 to filter impurities in the air. In addition, a humidifier may be provided on one side of the air inlet 230 to humidify the air when necessary to improve the reactivity.

[0065] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1000 may further include a fan to allow air to enter from one side of the air inlet 230 and to allow unreacted air to be discharged from one side of the air outlet 240. The location of the fan is not limited as long as the above-mentioned function can be achieved. For example, the fan may be provided at one side of the air outlet 240. In addition, the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1000 may further include a one-way valve provided at one side of the air outlet 240 so that air is only discharged from the air outlet 240 and air is not allowed to enter.

[0066] According to an embodiment of the utility model, drainage holes can be provided at the bottom of the base 300 and the housing 200. Liquid water generated during the reaction of the hydrogen fuel cell monomer 100 can be discharged with the reaction tail gas, and water that cannot be discharged with the reaction tail gas can be discharged from the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1000 through the drainage holes.

[0067] The hydrogen fuel cell stack 1000 according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to various fields as needed without being specifically limited. For example, the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1000 can be applied to public transportation, commercial vehicles, ships, etc.

[0068] According to the hydrogen fuel cell unit and the hydrogen fuel cell stack as described above, advantageous effects not limited to the following description can be obtained.

[0069] According to the utility model, the hydrogen fuel cell monomer does not need to stack dozens to hundreds of bipolar plates and membrane electrodes, which on the one hand improves the sealing and thus the reliability, and on the other hand can form hydrogen fuel cell groups of different powers by adjusting the number of hydrogen fuel cell monomers according to different application scenarios, which is convenient and flexible.

[0070] According to the utility model, the middle reaction area of ​​the cathode substrate is directly hollowed out to form an air channel. Compared with the conventional cathode plate, the structure is simple and easy to implement, and it is convenient to manufacture the hydrogen fuel cell group.

[0071] The hydrogen fuel cell group according to the utility model can be formed by fixing a plurality of sealed hydrogen fuel cell monomers into a shell, so there is no need to consider the sealing during assembly. In addition, no professional dust-free workshop and equipment are required, and it is easier to manufacture.

[0072] In addition, the hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the utility model can install multiple hydrogen fuel cell units by a quick-plug installation method, thereby improving the installation efficiency.

[0073] Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and details may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell monomer, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell monomer comprises: an anode plate comprising an anode substrate, hydrogen flow channels disposed on two sides of the anode substrate opposite to each other, and an anode terminal connected to the anode substrate; Two cathode plates, respectively disposed on both sides of the anode plate, each cathode plate comprising a cathode substrate, an air channel disposed on the cathode substrate and a cathode terminal connected to the cathode substrate, the cathode terminals of the cathode plates located on both sides of the anode plate being connected to each other and separated from the anode terminal; Two membrane electrodes are respectively arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air channel penetrates the cathode substrate.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell monomer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The anode plate further includes a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet, wherein the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet are spaced apart from each other and both communicate with the hydrogen flow channel.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell monomer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anode plate further includes an insert plate disposed at one side of the anode substrate, the insert plate protruding relative to the cathode substrate, and the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet are disposed on the insert plate.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell monomer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anode plate further includes a sealing ring fixed to the anode substrate around the hydrogen flow channel.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell monomer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The membrane electrode comprises, from the side close to the cathode plate to the side close to the anode plate, a cathode gas diffusion layer, a cathode catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane, an anode catalyst layer, and an anode gas diffusion layer.

7. A hydrogen fuel cell stack, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell stack comprises: case; A plurality of hydrogen fuel cell monomers according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of hydrogen fuel cell monomers are connected in parallel or in series and are arranged in the housing, The shell is provided with a hydrogen inlet, a hydrogen outlet, an air inlet and an air outlet, the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet are connected to the hydrogen flow channel, and the air inlet and the air outlet are connected to the air channel.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell stack further includes a base disposed in the shell, the base is provided with a plurality of slots, and the anode plate further includes an insert plate disposed on one side of the anode substrate, the insert plate protrudes relative to the cathode substrate and is inserted into the slots.

9. The hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 8, characterized in that: The anode plate further includes a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet both of which are communicated with the hydrogen flow channel, and the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet are arranged on the plug plate at a distance from each other. The base includes a hydrogen inlet channel and a hydrogen outlet channel, the hydrogen inlet channel is connected with the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet, and the hydrogen outlet channel is connected with the hydrogen outlet and the hydrogen outlet.

10. The hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 9, characterized in that: The air channel penetrates the cathode substrate, and the air inlet and the air outlet are separated from the hydrogen inlet channel and the hydrogen outlet channel.

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