Lithium extraction adsorption device with high recovery rate and high selectivity

Abstract

The utility model provides a lithium extraction adsorption device with high recovery rate and high selectivity, which comprises an adsorption unit, a cleaning unit, a desorption unit and a heating device, the adsorption unit comprises an original brine inlet pump, the original brine inlet pump is connected with an adsorption valve in series, and the adsorption valve is connected to an ion exchange column through a main pipeline; the cleaning unit comprises a cleaning pump, the cleaning pump is connected with a washing valve in series, and the washing valve is connected to the ion exchange column through a main pipeline; the desorption unit comprises a desorption water inlet pump, the desorption water inlet pump is connected with a desorption valve in series, and the desorption valve is connected to the ion exchange column through a main pipeline. The device has the advantages of high adsorption capacity, high adsorption and desorption speed, simplicity and convenience in operation and the like, and can improve the extraction efficiency of lithium and reduce energy consumption and cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium extraction, and in particular to a lithium extraction adsorption device with high recovery rate and high selectivity. Background Art

[0002] As lithium is increasingly used in new energy, new materials and other fields, the demand for lithium continues to increase. However, the content of lithium in the earth's crust is relatively low, and most of it exists in the form of salt lake brine, ores, etc. At present, the methods for extracting lithium mainly include solvent extraction, ion exchange, adsorption, etc. Among them, the adsorption method has the advantages of simple operation, low energy consumption, and low cost, and is an important method for extracting lithium. However, existing adsorption devices have problems such as low adsorption capacity, slow adsorption and desorption speed, and cannot meet the needs of large-scale lithium extraction.

[0003] Patent CN107058735B discloses a continuous ion exchange device for extracting lithium and a lithium extraction process in which only an adsorption zone, a leaching zone and a draining zone are set. Under this condition, in order to obtain a qualified liquid with a lower impurity content, a large amount of water is required for leaching. If the amount of leaching water is insufficient, the impurity content of the qualified liquid is high, which affects the subsequent concentration and lithium precipitation stage. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: To speed up the ion exchange efficiency, improve the recovery rate, make it easier to clean, reduce the amount of cleaning water and the impurity content of qualified liquid, and achieve high recovery rate and high selectivity, a high recovery rate and high selectivity lithium extraction adsorption device is proposed;

[0005] Technical solution:

[0006] A high recovery rate and high selectivity lithium extraction adsorption device, comprising an adsorption unit, a cleaning unit, a desorption unit, and a heating device:

[0007] The adsorption unit comprises a raw brine inlet pump, a first branch pipeline and an adsorption valve, the first branch pipeline is connected in series with the adsorption valve, one end of the first branch pipeline is connected to the raw brine inlet pump, and the other end is connected in series to the main pipeline, and the other end of the main pipeline is connected to the water inlet of the ion exchange column;

[0008] The cleaning unit comprises a cleaning pump, a second branch pipeline and a water washing valve, the second branch pipeline is connected in series with the water washing valve, one end of the second branch pipeline is connected to the cleaning pump, and the other end is connected in series with the main pipeline;

[0009] The desorption unit comprises a desorption water inlet pump, a third branch pipeline and a desorption valve, the desorption valve is connected in series to the third branch pipeline, one end of the third branch pipeline is connected to the desorption water inlet pump, and the other end is connected in series to the main pipeline;

[0010] The main pipeline is also connected in series with a fourth branch pipeline, the fourth branch pipeline is connected in series with an air wash valve, and the air wash valve is connected in series with an air compressor;

[0011] The heating device comprises an electric heating belt, and the electric heating belt is arranged on the periphery of the ion exchange column.

[0012] Preferably, the ion exchange columns are provided in plurality, and the plurality of ion exchange columns are connected in series or in parallel:

[0013] The series connection means that the water outlet of the previous ion exchange column is connected in series with the water inlet of the next ion exchange column, and the parallel connection means that the water inlets of multiple ion exchange columns are connected to the main pipeline through the fifth branch pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, each of the ion exchange columns is provided with an adsorbent, and the adsorbent is a titanium-based adsorbent, an aluminum-based adsorbent or a manganese-based adsorbent.

[0015] Preferably, the height-to-diameter ratio of each of the ion exchange columns is 1:1 to 1.5:1.

[0016] Preferably, a disc-shaped point water distributor is provided in each of the ion exchange columns.

[0017] Preferably, the filling amount of the adsorbent is 90% to 95% of the volume of the ion exchange column.

[0018] Preferably, the adsorbents are all spherical particles, and the diameter of the spherical particles is about 2 to 3 mm.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The advantages of the high-recovery and high-selectivity lithium extraction adsorption device are: first, by optimizing the parameters such as the particle size, specific surface area and pore structure of the adsorbent, the adsorption capacity and adsorption rate are improved, thereby improving the lithium extraction efficiency; second, through the design of the heating device, a rapid and thorough desorption process is achieved, thereby improving the desorption rate and lithium extraction efficiency; thirdly, the combination of gas washing and water washing reduces the amount of washing water during operation, while improving the washing efficiency and achieving a high impurity removal rate; finally, the device is easy to operate and can realize large-scale lithium extraction production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-recovery and high-selectivity lithium extraction adsorption device;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the water distribution structure inside the ion exchange column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] A high recovery rate and high selectivity lithium extraction adsorption device, comprising an adsorption unit, a cleaning unit, a desorption unit, and a heating device:

[0024] The adsorption unit comprises a raw brine inlet pump, the raw brine inlet pump is serially connected with an adsorption valve, and the adsorption valve is connected to the ion exchange column through a main pipeline;

[0025] The cleaning unit comprises a cleaning pump, the cleaning pump is connected in series with a water washing valve, and the water washing valve is connected to the ion exchange column through a main pipeline;

[0026] The desorption unit comprises a desorption water inlet pump, the desorption water inlet pump is connected in series with a desorption valve, and the desorption valve is connected to the ion exchange column through a main pipeline;

[0027] The ion exchange columns are provided with n pieces, n being greater than or equal to 1, and the n pieces of ion exchange columns are connected in series or in parallel.

[0028] When there are multiple ion exchange columns connected in series, such as Figure 1 As shown, the outlet of the previous ion exchange column is directly connected to the inlet of the next ion exchange column; when there are multiple ion exchange columns connected in parallel, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the remaining ion exchange columns are connected in sequence at the end of the main pipeline;

[0029] Each ion exchange column in the system is filled with the same amount of adsorbent. At the same time, the upper and lower inlet and outlet pipes of each unit ion exchange column are equipped with adsorption valves, air wash valves, water wash valves, and desorption valves. The opening and closing of different valves are controlled by programs to control different stages. Adsorption process: the adsorption valve is opened, other valves are closed, and the raw brine inlet pump starts to inlet water. After reaching the target adsorption water volume, the raw brine inlet pump stops running, the air wash valve is opened, other valves are closed, the air compressor is started, and the gas blows out the remaining tail brine in the ion exchange column. Then the air compressor stops running, the water wash valve is opened, other valves are closed, and the clean water pump inlets water for cleaning. After the cleaning is completed, the cleaning pump stops running, the desorption valve is opened, other valves are closed, the desorption inlet pump starts to inlet water, and the heating device is turned on. After the desorption is completed, the next step is entered. When the system enters the desorption process, the automatic control system automatically turns on the electric heating belt for heating. After the desorption is completed, the heating is turned off. In the cleaning process, the air compressor first generates air to discharge the remaining brine, and then enters the clean water for cleaning.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Average Li of brine in a salt lake + The concentration is 350mg / L, Ca 2+ Concentration is about 300mg / L, Mg 2+ The concentration is about 2500mg / L, Na +The concentration is about 27000mg / L, the adsorption is carried out with a water flow rate of 50BV / h, a water washing flow rate of 8BV / h, and a desorption flow rate of 10BV / h. Under this operating parameter, the tail brine Li + The average concentration is as low as 30 mg / L, the adsorption efficiency is >90%, and Li + Concentrations above 1500 mg / L, Na + Concentration below 500mg / L, Ca 2+ Mg 2+ None were detected.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] The average water level of an oil field is Li + The concentration is 20 mg / L, Ca 2+ Concentration is about 8000mg / L, Mg 2+ The concentration is about 800mg / L, the adsorption is carried out with an inlet flow rate of 105BV / h, a water washing flow rate of 2BV / h, and a desorption flow rate of 8BV / h. Under this operating parameter, the average concentration of tail halogen is as low as 1mg / L, the adsorption efficiency is>90%, and the Li + The concentration is above 250mg / L, Ca 2+ Concentration <30mg / L, Mg 2+ The concentration was not detected.

[0034] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high recovery rate and high selectivity lithium extraction adsorption device, characterized in that: Including adsorption unit, cleaning unit, desorption unit, heating device: The adsorption unit comprises a raw brine inlet pump, a first branch pipeline and an adsorption valve, the first branch pipeline is connected in series with the adsorption valve, one end of the first branch pipeline is connected to the raw brine inlet pump, and the other end is connected in series to the main pipeline, and the other end of the main pipeline is connected to the water inlet of the ion exchange column; The cleaning unit comprises a cleaning pump, a second branch pipeline and a water washing valve, the second branch pipeline is connected in series with the water washing valve, one end of the second branch pipeline is connected to the cleaning pump, and the other end is connected in series with the main pipeline; The desorption unit comprises a desorption water inlet pump, a third branch pipeline and a desorption valve, the desorption valve is connected in series to the third branch pipeline, one end of the third branch pipeline is connected to the desorption water inlet pump, and the other end is connected in series to the main pipeline; The main pipeline is also connected in series with a fourth branch pipeline, the fourth branch pipeline is connected in series with an air wash valve, and the air wash valve is connected in series with an air compressor; The heating device comprises an electric heating belt, and the electric heating belt is arranged on the periphery of the ion exchange column.

2. A high recovery and high selectivity lithium extraction adsorption device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ion exchange columns are provided in plurality, and the plurality of ion exchange columns are connected in series or in parallel: The series connection means that the water outlet of the previous ion exchange column is connected in series with the water inlet of the next ion exchange column, and the parallel connection means that the water inlets of multiple ion exchange columns are connected to the main pipeline through the fifth branch pipeline.

3. A high recovery and high selectivity lithium extraction adsorption device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the ion exchange columns is provided with an adsorbent, and the adsorbent is a titanium-based adsorbent, an aluminum-based adsorbent or a manganese-based adsorbent.

4. A high recovery and high selectivity lithium extraction adsorption device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The height-to-diameter ratio of each ion exchange column is 1:1 to 1.5:

1.

5. A high recovery and high selectivity lithium extraction adsorption device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A disc-shaped point-type water distributor is arranged in each of the ion exchange columns.

6. A high recovery and high selectivity lithium extraction adsorption device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The filling amount of the adsorbent is 90% to 95% of the volume of the ion exchange column.

7. A high recovery and high selectivity lithium extraction adsorption device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The adsorbents are all spherical particles, and the diameter of the spherical particles is about 2 to 3 mm.

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