Transformer partial discharge detection device based on quantum sensor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a transformer partial discharge detection device based on a quantum sensor. The transformer partial discharge detection device comprises a quantum detection module, a signal processing module, a control module, a power supply module, a communication module and a signal analysis module. The quantum detection module comprises a diamond NV color center sensor and a fluorescence detection unit; and the fluorescence detection unit outputs laser to the diamond NV color center sensor to obtain electron spin resonance information of the diamond NV color center sensor. According to the utility model, the diamond NV color center is used as the quantum sensor for partial discharge detection, and tiny partial discharge events in the transformer can be detected in real time in the early stage of partial discharge based on high sensitivity of the quantum sensor and simultaneous measurement of a plurality of physical quantities such as a magnetic field, an electric field, temperature and the like, so that the detection sensitivity is improved; abundant signal data is provided, and more time windows are provided for maintenance and fault prevention of power equipment; and the spatial resolution is high, so that the partial discharge generation position can be accurately positioned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of transformer partial discharge detection, in particular to a transformer partial discharge detection device based on a quantum sensor. Background Art

[0002] As a key equipment in the power system, the safe operation of the transformer is crucial to ensure the stability of power supply. Partial discharge is one of the main reasons for the deterioration of transformer insulation performance. If it is not detected and handled in time, it may cause serious equipment failure or even accidents. Therefore, real-time monitoring and early diagnosis of transformer partial discharge are extremely important. Traditional partial discharge detection methods include ultrasonic detection, dielectric spectrum analysis, dissolved gas analysis in oil, etc. Although these methods can realize partial discharge detection to a certain extent, they have limitations:

[0003] With the development of quantum sensing technology, quantum sensors have shown great potential in detecting tiny signals based on the high sensitivity of quantum systems. Quantum sensors use quantum effects such as quantum entanglement and quantum coherence to achieve ultra-high precision measurement of external physical quantities such as electromagnetic fields, temperature, and pressure. Applying quantum sensors to transformer partial discharge detection is expected to break through the limitations of traditional detection technology and achieve earlier, more accurate, and more real-time monitoring. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a transformer partial discharge detection device based on a quantum sensor, which is used to solve the problems of low detection accuracy and untimely detection of traditional detection technology.

[0005] The utility model solves the technical problem by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] A transformer partial discharge detection device based on a quantum sensor, comprising a quantum detection module, a signal processing module, a control module, a power module, a communication module and a signal analysis module; the quantum detection module acquires a quantum-level partial discharge signal and outputs it to the signal processing module through the communication module; the signal processing module acquires the partial discharge signal, performs filtering, noise reduction and amplification processing, and outputs it to the signal analysis module; the control module outputs and controls laser to the quantum detection module; and the power module is used for power supply;

[0007] The quantum detection module includes: a diamond NV color center sensor and a fluorescence detection unit; the fluorescence detection unit outputs laser to the diamond NV color center sensor to obtain electron spin resonance information of the diamond NV color center sensor.

[0008] Preferably, the signal processing module includes: a signal amplification unit, a filtering unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit.

[0009] Preferably, the control module comprises: a laser excitation unit and a fiber coupler.

[0010] Preferably, the communication module comprises: a communication optical fiber and an optical fiber connection box.

[0011] Preferably, the fluorescence detection unit comprises: a photodetector and a filter.

[0012] Preferably, the quantum detection module further includes an auxiliary microwave unit for amplifying the fluorescence detection unit.

[0013] Preferably, the laser wavelength is 530nm-534nm.

[0014] The utility model is provided with a diamond NV color center as a quantum sensor for partial discharge detection. Based on the high sensitivity of the quantum sensor and the simultaneous measurement of multiple physical quantities such as magnetic field, electric field, temperature, etc., it can detect tiny partial discharge events inside the transformer in real time in the early stage of partial discharge, improve the detection sensitivity, and provide rich signal data, providing more time windows for maintenance and fault prevention of power equipment; the spatial resolution is high, which helps to accurately locate the location where partial discharge occurs, and has the advantages of short startup time, no heating, miniaturization and integration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural connection of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quantum sensor of the utility model;

[0017] The markings in the figure are as follows: 1-quantum detection module; 2-signal processing module; 3-control module; 4-power module; 5-communication module; 6-signal analysis module; 7-diamond NV color center sensor; 8-fluorescence detection unit; 9-signal amplification unit; 10-filter unit; 11-analog-to-digital conversion unit; 12-laser excitation unit; 13-fiber coupler; 14-communication optical fiber; 15-fiber connection box; 16-photodetector; 17-filter; 18-auxiliary microwave unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solution of the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings.

[0019] A transformer partial discharge detection device based on a quantum sensor comprises a quantum detection module 1, a signal processing module 2, a control module 3, a power module 4, a communication module 5 and a signal analysis module 6; the quantum detection module 1 acquires a quantum-level partial discharge signal and outputs it to the signal processing module 2; the signal processing module 2 acquires the partial discharge signal, performs filtering, noise reduction and amplification processing, and outputs it to the signal analysis module 6 through the communication module 5; the control module 3 outputs and controls the laser to the quantum detection module 1; the power module 4 is used for power supply;

[0020] The quantum detection module 1 includes: a diamond NV color center sensor 7 and a fluorescence detection unit 8; the fluorescence detection unit 8 outputs a laser of a specific wavelength to the diamond NV color center sensor 7; the NV color center energy level electrons of the diamond NV color center sensor 7 are driven to transition and populate between the (0, +1) or (0, -1) energy levels, which is reflected in the fluorescence as a change in the energy level resonance frequency or photon number corresponding to ±1, thereby realizing spin polarization of the diamond NV color center sensor 7, coupling the polarized NV color center with external physical quantities, causing disturbances in the color center electron-nuclear spin, and detecting the disturbance information by external optical detection elements, thereby realizing spin disturbance measurement containing physical quantity information.

[0021] When the laser frequency is equal to the energy level difference of the NV center electron spin transition, resonance occurs. The resonant microwave causes the NV to transition from the |0> state to the |+1> state or the |-1> state, resulting in a decrease in the fluorescence count, so that the electrons in the NV center achieve spin resonance (ESR). Laser radiation can be used to measure and optimize NV center optical detection signals such as magnetic resonance, Rabi oscillation, Ramsey interferometry, spin echo, and decoherence time.

[0022] Diamond NV color center has a triplet system with electron spin S=1 (m s =-1, 0, +1 states), its Hamiltonian (H) is

[0023] Here, h is Planck's constant, which can be set to 1 so that both sides of the equation have the dimension of frequency.

[0024] is a spin operator with spin 1 and component S x , S Y With S z , zero field splitting D = 2870MHz, and its magnitude is linearly related to temperature. The second term is the stress term. When there is stress or electric field, E≠0. The third term is caused by the Zeeman effect, where the NV gyromagnetic ratio γ e =28MHz / mT. From the NV Hamiltonian, it can be inferred that NV spins have the potential to be used not only as magnetic sensors, but also to detect temperature. 1 ,electric field 2,3, stress and other physical quantities.

[0025] The NV color center in the single crystal diamond is almost stress-free (E=0), decomposing the external magnetic field into a component B parallel to the NV axis. ∥ and the vertical NV axis component B ⊥ , so the Hamiltonian of the diamond NV color center is:

[0026]

[0027] The external magnetic field makes the |±1> state energy level degenerate, and when the external magnetic field satisfies The energy level difference between the |0> state and the |±1> state is f ± =D±γ e B ∥ ; When the vertical component of the magnetic field is large, the relationship between the transition frequency and the magnetic field component is:

[0028]

[0029]

[0030] f - is the transition frequency from the |0> state to the |-1> state, f + is the frequency of transition from the |0> state to the |+1> state.

[0031] In a further implementation manner of this embodiment, the signal processing module 2 includes: a signal amplification unit 9, a filtering unit 10 and an analog-to-digital conversion unit 11. The signal amplification unit 9 obtains and amplifies the local discharge signal of the diamond NV color center sensor 7 via the communication module 5, and then transmits it to the filtering unit 10 for filtering, and then transmits it to the analog-to-digital conversion unit 11 to convert the analog signal into a digital signal.

[0032] In a further implementation manner of this embodiment, the control module 3 includes: a laser excitation unit 12 and a fiber coupler 13, and the fluorescence detection unit 8 and the diamond NV color center sensor 7 are fiber-coupled through the fiber coupler 13 to ensure accurate input of the laser and effective collection of the fluorescence signal.

[0033] In a further implementation manner of this embodiment, the communication module 5 includes: a communication optical fiber 14 and an optical fiber connection box 15, through which the processed signal data is transmitted.

[0034] In a further implementation of this embodiment, the fluorescence detection unit 8 includes: a photodetector 16 and a filter 17 for obtaining physical quantity information in the diamond NV color center sensor 7;

[0035] Under the action of the photodetector 16, the diamond NV color center sensor 7 realizes spin regulation, and the perturbation of the magnetic field caused by local discharge is superimposed on the spin state to obtain the electron spin resonance information of the diamond NV color center sensor 7. During the spin perturbation process, the NV color center multi-electron state energy level structure of the diamond NV color center sensor 7 makes the electron spin under the action of the local discharge magnetic field in a superposition state, and realizes quantum phase change after dynamic evolution. The photodetector 16 corresponds to the quantum phase correlation reflecting the external magnetic field, and filters out irrelevant microwaves through a filter to ensure the accuracy of local discharge detection.

[0036] In a further implementation manner of this embodiment, the quantum detection module 1 also includes an auxiliary microwave unit 18 for amplifying the fluorescence detection unit 8. The auxiliary microwave unit 18 interferes with the laser emitted by the laser excitation unit 12 to generate beat frequency oscillations. The corresponding NV fluorescence of the diamond NV color center sensor will also generate oscillations with a beat frequency, and its amplitude is proportional to the laser amplitude emitted by the laser excitation unit 12, thereby realizing an amplification function.

[0037] In a further implementation manner of this embodiment, the laser wavelength is 530nm-534nm.

[0038] In a further implementation of this embodiment, the diamond NV color center sensor 7 is installed inside or near the transformer to ensure that the diamond NV color center sensor 7 can sense the changes in the electric field, magnetic field and temperature generated by the partial discharge;

[0039] Start the power module 4, and emit a laser of a specific wavelength to the fluorescence detection unit 8 through the laser excitation unit 12 in the control module 3. The laser wavelength is set to 530nm-534nm to excite the electron spin in the diamond NV color center sensor 7. The photodetector 16 in the fluorescence detection unit 8 collects the fluorescence signal emitted by the diamond NV color center sensor 7, and filters the stray light through the filter 17;

[0040] Signal processing: The signal processing module 2 receives the fluorescence signal and performs necessary filtering, noise reduction and amplification processing. The signal amplification unit 9 enhances the signal to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The filtering unit 10 removes unnecessary frequency components. The analog-to-digital conversion unit 11 converts the analog signal into a digital signal.

[0041] Signal analysis: The signal analysis module 6 receives the digital signal and uses a specific algorithm to analyze the characteristics, frequency, amplitude and duration of the partial discharge, obtain the type and size of the partial discharge, and locate it to obtain the location of the partial discharge source.

[0042] It is expected that the device can detect tiny discharge events inside the transformer in the early stages of partial discharge and provide accurate positioning information, thereby providing strong data support for transformer maintenance and fault prevention.

[0043] Through practical application, it was verified that the device can achieve high-sensitivity partial discharge detection and significantly improve the operating safety and reliability of the transformer.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A transformer partial discharge detection device based on quantum sensor, characterized in that: A quantum detection module, a signal processing module, a control module, a power module, a communication module and a signal analysis module; the quantum detection module acquires a quantum-level local discharge signal and outputs it to the signal processing module through the communication module; the signal processing module acquires the local discharge signal, performs filtering, noise reduction and amplification processing, and outputs it to the signal analysis module through the communication module; the control module outputs and controls the laser to the quantum detection module; and the power module is used for power supply; The quantum detection module includes: a diamond NV color center sensor and a fluorescence detection unit; the fluorescence detection unit outputs laser to the diamond NV color center sensor to obtain electron spin resonance information of the diamond NV color center sensor.

2. The transformer partial discharge detection device based on quantum sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The signal processing module includes: a signal amplifying unit, a filtering unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit.

3. The transformer partial discharge detection device based on quantum sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control module includes: a laser excitation unit and a fiber coupler.

4. The transformer partial discharge detection device based on quantum sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The communication module includes: a communication optical fiber and an optical fiber connection box.

5. The transformer partial discharge detection device based on quantum sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fluorescence detection unit includes a photodetector and a filter.

6. The transformer partial discharge detection device based on quantum sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The quantum detection module also includes an auxiliary microwave unit for amplifying the fluorescence detection unit.

7. The transformer partial discharge detection device based on quantum sensor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser wavelength is 530nm-534nm.

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