Power battery smoke sensor

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of smoke sensor, specifically relates to a power battery smoke sensor, and technical scheme main points include casing, circuit mainboard and top cap, set up the mounting surface on the casing, set up the side window on the opposite side of mounting surface, set up the emission seat, receiving seat, maze structure and bottom window on the casing, the emission seat is used for infrared emission pipe joint, receiving seat is used for infrared receiving pipe joint, based on emission and receiving route, the included angle of emission seat and receiving seat is greater than 90 degrees, the area between emission seat and receiving seat sets up maze structure, bottom window is close to maze structure, and the main circuit board covers the top of maze structure and is set up with the through -hole of position directly opposite bottom window in the middle, the top cap is buckled on the casing and covers circuit mainboard, and the top window of position directly opposite through -hole is set up on the top cap. The utility model discloses through adopt greater than 90 degrees infrared emission receiving route, adopt maze structure, improve the inductive accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of smoke sensors, specifically to a power battery smoke sensor. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for longer driving ranges, the energy density of automotive power batteries is getting higher and higher, which also brings a higher risk of thermal runaway. Moreover, power batteries contain reducing agents and oxidizing agents. Once combustion occurs, the spread is rapid and the temperature is high (572~1121℃). Traditional methods (isolating air) are difficult to extinguish the fire, which makes it very difficult for occupants to escape and be rescued.

[0003] In the early stages of thermal runaway, the product is in a high-temperature ignition or smoldering state. At this time, the smoke produced is mainly gray smoke with larger particle size (black smoke is generally produced in the most intense stage of combustion). Considering the automotive usage environment, product cost, and service life, the design needs to take into account both product cost and service life, while also ensuring stable and reliable operation.

[0004] Currently, the mainstream smoke sensor technology is ionization-based. This involves designing an ionization chamber, utilizing alpha rays emitted from a low-energy radioactive source, Am241, to ionize the air within the chamber, generating an ionizing current under the influence of an electric field. When smoke particles enter the ionization chamber, they adsorb positive and negative ions, reducing their velocity and increasing their recombination probability. Simultaneously, the ionization current is reduced by blocking the radiation. By detecting changes in the ionization current and combining this with software algorithms, it can be determined whether the smoke concentration exceeds the alarm threshold. Disadvantages include: significant susceptibility to humidity and airflow, leading to false alarms; and the fact that Am241 belongs to the extremely radiotoxic radionuclide group, making it environmentally unfriendly.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design products that are sensitive to smoke and environmentally friendly and reliable. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the technical problems and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a power battery smoke sensor that can meet the environmental protection requirements of the product and is sensitive to the scattering of gray and white smoke.

[0007] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A power battery smoke sensor includes a housing, a circuit board, and a top cover. The housing has a mounting surface, and a side window is provided on the opposite side of the mounting surface. The housing has a transmitter, a receiver, a labyrinth structure, and a bottom window. The transmitter is for mounting an infrared emitting tube, and the receiver is for mounting an infrared receiving tube. Based on the transmission and reception paths, the angle between the transmitter and receiver is greater than 90 degrees. A labyrinth structure is provided in the area between the transmitter and receiver. The bottom window is close to the labyrinth structure. The main circuit board covers the labyrinth structure and has a through hole in the middle that is directly opposite the bottom window. The top cover is fastened to the housing and covers the circuit board. The top cover has a top window that is directly opposite the through hole.

[0009] Preferably, the maze structure includes wall panel one, wall panel two, and wall panel three. Wall panel one is located on the launcher base, wall panel two is located on the receiver base and has multiple branch plates, and wall panel three is located near the side window.

[0010] Preferably, the wall panel three extends from one part of the wall panel to half the position of the side window and the bottom window.

[0011] Preferably, the transmitter and receiver are provided with multiple support blocks, and the support blocks have support openings adapted to the infrared transmitter and receiver tubes.

[0012] Preferably, the circuit motherboard is provided with a transmitter sub-socket and a receiver sub-socket, the transmitter sub-socket being plugged in and fastened to the transmitter socket, and the receiver sub-socket being plugged in and fastened to the receiver socket.

[0013] Preferably, the circuit board includes an isolation plate and a circuit board, and a limiting ring is provided on the edge of the through hole on the isolation plate, and the through hole and the limiting ring of the circuit board are sleeved and limited.

[0014] Preferably, the circuit board includes a DC-DC voltage regulator module, an MCU module, a thermistor, a CAN transceiver module, an infrared transmitter, and an infrared receiver. The DC-DC voltage regulator module provides power to the MCU module. The thermistor is connected to the MCU module to provide temperature signals. The infrared transmitter and receiver are used to control infrared transmission and reception. The CAN transceiver module is connected to the MCU module for external data communication and has an interface for communication with an external BMS module.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] 1. This utility model features a circuit board inside the housing, with side and bottom windows on the housing and a top window on the top cover. A through hole is located in the middle of the circuit board, enabling multi-directional smoke collection. Utilizing a labyrinth structure, the infrared light emitted by the circuit board is scattered by the smoke, improving detection accuracy. With an angle >90° between the emitting and receiving tubes, the emitted light is scattered by smoke particles, increasing the luminous flux received by the photoelectric receiving tube and causing a change in the electrical signal. It is highly sensitive to gray and white smoke (strong scattering). The infrared emitting tube has low environmental sensitivity, emitting infrared light (common wavelengths 850 and 940 nm). The operating current of the photoelectric receiving tube is proportional to the intensity of the scattered light from the smoke particles. The smoke concentration is calculated by judging the operating current of the receiving tube. It has a long continuous operating life (>50,000 hours) and low cost.

[0017] 2. In this utility model, the maze structure utilizes wall panel one, wall panel two, and wall panel three to improve scattering ability and detection reliability. In particular, the use of bifurcated plates to divide the space allows for reflection or diffuse reflection in different directions.

[0018] 3. In this utility model, the transmitter base and receiver base are used to fix the infrared transmitter tube and receiver tube. Therefore, stable support and fastening are very important to prevent them from loosening.

[0019] 4. In this utility model, the circuit board also adopts an isolation layer, which improves the installation stability of the circuit board, provides isolation protection for the back of the circuit board, and prevents smoke from entering the back of the circuit board, thereby improving the reliability of operation.

[0020] Other additional advantages and benefits of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is an exploded unfolding diagram of an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is an expanded view of an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a side view of an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A cross-sectional view at BB;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit board frame.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals for major components:

[0029] 1. Housing; 11. Mounting surface; 12. Side window; 13. Transmitter base; 14. Receiver base; 15. Maze structure; 151. Wall panel one; 152. Wall panel two; 153. Wall panel three; 154. Split plate; 16. Bottom window; 2. Circuit board; 21. Isolation plate; 22. Circuit board; 23. Through hole; 24. Limiting ring; 3. Top cover; 31. Top window; 4. Support block; 41. Support port; 5. Transmitter sub-base; 6. Receiver sub-base; 801. DC-DC voltage regulator module; 802. MCU module; 803. Thermistor; 804. CAN transceiver module; 805. Infrared transmitter tube; 806. Infrared receiver tube. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following specific examples illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0031] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. The illustrations only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be changed at will, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0032] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating directional or positional relationships, are based on the directional or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, it should be noted that in the description of this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the invention based on the specific circumstances. Example

[0033] This invention discloses a power battery smoke sensor, including a housing 1, a circuit board 2, and a top cover 3. The housing 1 has a mounting surface 11, and a side window 12 is provided on the opposite side of the mounting surface 11. The housing 1 has a transmitter 13, a receiver 14, a maze structure 15, and a bottom window 16. The transmitter 13 is for mounting an infrared emitting tube 805, and the receiver 14 is for mounting an infrared receiving tube 806. Based on the transmission and reception paths, the angle between the transmitter 13 and the receiver 14 is greater than 90 degrees. The maze structure 15 is provided in the area between the transmitter 13 and the receiver 14. The bottom window 16 is close to the maze structure 15. The main circuit board 22 covers the maze structure 15 and has a through hole 23 in the middle that is directly opposite the bottom window 16. The top cover 3 is fastened to the housing 1 and covers the circuit board 2. The top cover 3 has a top window 31 that is directly opposite the through hole 23.

[0034] In this design, a mounting surface 11 is provided on the housing 1, which is used to fix the housing 1 to the power battery, allowing the housing 1 to be closer to the power battery for easier acquisition of the power battery's operating environment. A total of three windows are provided on the housing 1 and the cover, allowing for the acquisition of smoke air from multiple directions. When smoke air enters the housing 1, it is emitted and scattered within the labyrinth structure 15, enabling the infrared sensor to identify and sense the presence and intensity of smoke in the air.

[0035] Specifically, in combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5As can be seen, the maze structure 15 includes wall panel one 151, wall panel two 152, and wall panel three 153. Wall panel one 151 is located on the transmitter base 13, wall panel two 152 is located on the side of the receiver base 14 and has multiple branch plates 154, and wall panel three 153 is close to the side window 12. This structure effectively divides the space locally, but it does not obstruct the vertical airflow or the flow of smoke. At the same time, since the infrared photodiode optical path angle is greater than 90°, this maze structure 15 can further enhance the scattering effect of smoke and improve the reliability of signal acquisition.

[0036] In order to balance air circulation and improve scattering intensity, wall panel 3 153 extends from wall panel 1 151 to half the position of side window 12 and bottom window 16.

[0037] To stably support and fix the infrared emitting tube 805 and the infrared receiving tube 806, multiple support blocks 4 are provided inside the emitting base 13 and the receiving base 14. Each support block 4 has a support opening 41 that is compatible with the infrared emitting and receiving tubes. In this way, by using multiple support positions, a stable pipeline angle can be maintained.

[0038] exist Figure 3 and Figure 5 As can be seen, the main circuit board 2 is equipped with a transmitter sub-socket 5 and a receiver sub-socket 6. The transmitter sub-socket 5 is plugged into and fastened to the transmitter socket 13, and the receiver sub-socket 6 is plugged into and fastened to the receiver socket 14. This enables reliable installation of the infrared transmitter tube 805 and the infrared receiver tube 806.

[0039] exist Figure 3 In this circuit board 2, the main board 2 includes an isolation plate 21 and a circuit board 22. A limiting ring 24 is provided on the edge of the through hole 23 on the isolation plate 21, and the through hole 23 and the limiting ring 24 of the circuit board 22 are sleeved and limited. The function of the isolation plate 21 is to provide stable support for the circuit board 22, facilitate its installation, and ensure stable operation.

[0040] exist Figure 6 In the circuit board 22, there are DC-DC voltage regulator module 801, MCU module 802, thermistor 803, CAN transceiver module 804, infrared emitting tube 805 and infrared receiving tube 806. DC-DC voltage regulator module 801 provides power to MCU module 802. Thermistor 803 is connected to MCU module 802 to provide temperature signal. Infrared emitting tube 805 and infrared receiving tube 806 are used to control infrared transmission and reception. CAN transceiver module 804 is connected to MCU module 802 for external data communication and has an interface for communication with external BMS module.

[0041] The DC-DC voltage regulator module 801, MCU module 802, thermistor 803, CAN transceiver module 804, infrared transmitter 805, and infrared receiver 806 are existing circuit modules. However, the hardware structure built based on this can effectively acquire and transmit data to the automotive BMS module, providing warning and alarm signals, and enabling rapid smoke identification and warning.

[0042] Therefore, this utility model, by setting a circuit board 2 inside the housing 1, with side windows 12 and bottom windows 16 on the housing 1, and a top window 31 on the top cover 3, and setting a through hole 23 in the middle of the circuit board 2, can achieve multi-directional smoke collection. By utilizing the maze structure 15, when the circuit board 2 emits infrared light, it is scattered by the smoke. The maze structure 15 improves the detection accuracy. The angle between the emitting tube and the receiving tube is >90°, preferably 115°. The emitted light is scattered by the smoke particles, which increases the light flux received by the photoelectric receiving tube and changes the electrical signal. It is sensitive to gray smoke and white smoke (strong scattering). The infrared emitting tube 805 has low environmental sensitivity. The emitting tube emits infrared light (common wavelengths 850 and 940 nm). The working current of the photoelectric receiving tube is proportional to the intensity of the scattered light from the smoke particles. The smoke concentration is calculated by judging the working current of the receiving tube. It has a long continuous working life (>50,000 hours) and low cost.

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power battery smoke sensor, comprising a housing (1), a circuit board (2), and a top cover (3), characterized in that, The housing (1) is provided with a mounting surface (11), and a side window (12) is provided on the opposite side of the mounting surface (11). The housing (1) is provided with a transmitter (13), a receiver (14), a labyrinth structure (15), and a bottom window (16). The transmitter (13) is used to attach an infrared transmitter (805), and the receiver (14) is used to attach an infrared receiver (806). Based on the transmission and reception routes, the included angle between the transmitter (13) and the receiver (14) is... The area between the transmitter (13) and receiver (14) is greater than 90 degrees, and a maze structure (15) is set. The bottom window (16) is close to the maze structure (15). The main circuit board (22) covers the maze structure (15) and has a through hole (23) in the middle that is directly opposite the bottom window (16). The top cover (3) is fastened to the housing (1) and covers the circuit board (2). The top cover (3) has a top window (31) that is directly opposite the through hole (23).

2. The power battery smoke sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maze structure (15) includes wall panel one (151), wall panel two (152), and wall panel three (153). Wall panel one (151) is located on the launcher (13), wall panel two (152) is located on the receiver (14) and has multiple branch plates (154), and wall panel three (153) is close to the side window (12).

3. The power battery smoke sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third wall panel (153) extends from the first wall panel (151) to half the position of the side window (12) and the bottom window (16).

4. The power battery smoke sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple support blocks (4) are provided inside the transmitter base (13) and receiver base (14), and the support blocks (4) have support openings (41) adapted to the infrared transmitter and receiver tube.

5. The power battery smoke sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The circuit main board (2) is provided with a transmitter sub-socket (5) and a receiver sub-socket (6). The transmitter sub-socket (5) is plugged into and fastened to the transmitter socket (13), and the receiver sub-socket (6) is plugged into and fastened to the receiver socket (14).

6. The power battery smoke sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit board (2) includes an isolation plate (21) and a circuit board (22). A limiting ring (24) is provided on the edge of the through hole (23) on the isolation plate (21). The through hole (23) and the limiting ring (24) of the circuit board (22) are fitted together for limiting.

7. The power battery smoke sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The circuit board (22) includes a DC-DC voltage regulator module (801), an MCU module (802), a thermistor (803), a CAN transceiver module (804), an infrared transmitter (805), and an infrared receiver (806). The DC-DC voltage regulator module (801) provides power to the MCU module (802). The thermistor (803) is connected to the MCU module (802) to provide temperature signals. The infrared transmitter (805) and the infrared receiver (806) are used to control infrared transmission and reception. The CAN transceiver module (804) is connected to the MCU module (802) for external data communication and has an interface for communication with an external BMS module.

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