Multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism and drone

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and discloses a multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism and a unmanned aerial vehicle, wherein the multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism comprises: an intermediate commutator, comprising a first housing, rotating a large bevel gear disposed in the first housing, and at least three small bevel gears meshing with the large bevel gear, wherein the small bevel gears do not mesh with each other and at least one of the small bevel gears is a power input source; a rotor commutator, which is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the small bevel gears, wherein the rotor commutator comprises a second housing, rotating a rotor bevel gear disposed in the second housing, and an input bevel gear meshing with the rotor bevel gear, wherein the input bevel gear is driven to rotate by the small bevel gear. The present invention simplifies the design of a traditional reversing structure, reduces the structural weight, and improves the transmission efficiency through the above-mentioned multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism, and through two-stage reversing of the intermediate commutator and the rotor commutator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and in particular to a multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism and an unmanned aerial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of drone technology, it has played an indispensable role in aerial photography, detection, stabilization, reconnaissance, rescue, plant protection, etc., and has occupied an extremely important position in both civilian and military fields. In recent years, multi-rotor drones have gradually become the mainstream of the development of the drone field, and multi-rotor drones of various styles and functions have appeared in the market.

[0003] Most of the existing multi-rotor drones are powered by electric motors, but the energy density of batteries is much lower than that of fuel, so most of the existing multi-rotor drones have the disadvantages of small load capacity and short flight time, which seriously restrict the development of multi-rotor drones. Oil-powered multi-rotors are powered by internal combustion engines or turbine engines. Due to the high energy density of fuel, oil-powered multi-rotors can provide a larger load capacity and longer flight time. However, the existing oil-powered multi-rotors generally have the disadvantages of cumbersome design and complex gear reversing mechanism, which not only increases the structural weight but also reduces the transmission efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism and an unmanned aerial vehicle, so as to solve the problems that the gear reversing mechanism of the existing multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle is complicated and has a heavy structure.

[0005] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism, comprising:

[0007] An intermediate commutator comprises a first housing, which rotates a large bevel gear disposed in the first housing and at least three small bevel gears meshing with the large bevel gear, wherein the small bevel gears do not mesh with each other and at least one of the small bevel gears is a power input source;

[0008] The rotor commutator is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the small bevel gear. The rotor commutator includes a second housing, a rotor bevel gear arranged in the second housing, an input bevel gear meshing with the rotor bevel gear, and the input bevel gear is driven to rotate by the small bevel gear.

[0009] Preferably, it further comprises an intermediate transmission shaft, and the small bevel gear is connected to the input bevel gear via the intermediate transmission shaft.

[0010] Preferably, two large bevel gears are provided, and the two large bevel gears are respectively connected to a connecting shaft, and the two connecting shafts are arranged opposite to each other.

[0011] Preferably, an angular contact bearing is provided between the large bevel gear and the first housing; and a deep groove ball bearing is provided between the connecting shaft and the first housing.

[0012] Preferably, four small bevel gears are provided, and the axes of two adjacent small bevel gears are vertically arranged.

[0013] Preferably, among the four small bevel gears, two opposite small bevel gears in one group are both power input sources.

[0014] Preferably, among two adjacent rotor commutators, the input bevel gear of one rotor commutator is meshed with an end of the rotor bevel gear close to the pinion gear, and the input bevel gear of the other rotor commutator is meshed with an end of the rotor bevel gear away from the pinion gear.

[0015] Preferably, each rotor commutator is provided with two rotor bevel gears, and the two rotor bevel gears are arranged one above the other and are both meshed with the input bevel gear.

[0016] The present invention also provides a drone, comprising the multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism.

[0017] Preferably, two engines are further included, and the output ends of the two engines are respectively connected to a small bevel gear of the intermediate commutator.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] Through the above-mentioned multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism, through the first-stage reversing of the intermediate commutator and then the two-stage reversing of the rotor commutator, the power operation direction of the engine can be effectively converted into the power operation direction of the rotor rotation to realize the rotation of the rotor, simplifying the design of the traditional reversing structure, reducing the structural weight and improving the transmission efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the intermediate commutator of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram showing a large bevel gear and a small bevel gear of an intermediate commutator of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of one of the rotor commutators of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of another rotor commutator of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure:

[0025] 1. Intermediate commutator; 11. First housing; 12. Large bevel gear; 13. Small bevel gear; 14. Connecting shaft; 15. Angular contact bearing; 16. Deep groove ball bearing; 17. Bearing retainer; 18. Oil seal cover; 19. Oil seal; 1a. Bearing locking nut; 1b. First angular contact bearing; 1c. Bearing spacer; 1d. Second angular contact bearing;

[0026] 2. Rotor commutator; 21. Second housing; 22. Rotor bevel gear; 23. Input bevel gear; 24. Third angular contact bearing; 25. Housing cover; 26. First rotor oil seal cover; 27. Second rotor oil seal cover; 28. Fourth angular contact bearing; 29. ​​Rotor bearing spacer; 2a. Fifth angular contact bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0028] The present invention provides a multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism, comprising an intermediate commutator 1, an intermediate transmission shaft and a rotor commutator 2, wherein:

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 The intermediate commutator 1 comprises a first housing 11, a large bevel gear 12 and a small bevel gear 13, wherein the first housing 11 is a closed structure, the large bevel gear 12 is rotatably arranged in the first housing 11, and the large bevel gear 12 is provided with two, and the two large bevel gears 12 are symmetrically arranged Figure 1 At the upper and lower ends of the first housing 11, two large bevel gears 12 are respectively connected to connecting shafts 14, and the two connecting shafts 14 are arranged opposite to each other. In this embodiment, by arranging two large bevel gears 12, the power transmission can be better realized.

[0030] At least two of the small bevel gears 13 are provided, and each small bevel gear 13 is meshed with two large bevel gears 12, and the shaft end extends out of the first housing 11. Any two small bevel gears 13 do not mesh with each other. In this embodiment, at least one small bevel gear 13 is a power input source, which is driven to rotate by the engine of the drone. Through the setting of this structure, when the small bevel gear 13 serving as the power input source rotates, it can drive the two large bevel gears 12 to rotate. At this time, the two large bevel gears 12 will drive the small bevel gear 13 which is not the power input source to rotate, and from the end of the small bevel gear 13 with a small bevel gear diameter, each small bevel gear 13 rotates in the same direction (clockwise or counterclockwise).

[0031] For details, please refer to Figure 2, there are four small bevel gears 13, and the four small bevel gears 13 are arranged opposite to each other, that is, the axes of two adjacent small bevel gears 13 are perpendicular to each other. In this embodiment, the four small bevel gears 13 can all be used as power input sources, which depends on the number of engines of the corresponding drone. Considering that the weight of the entire drone should not be too large and the power source of the drone, that is, the number of engines, should not be too many, this embodiment only uses a group of two opposite small bevel gears 13 as the power input source (that is, the number of engines is two).

[0032] It is understandable that the above-mentioned large bevel gear 12 can be set as one, in which case the large bevel gear 12 is set Figure 1 At the lower end of the first housing 11 shown, the small bevel gears 13 are all meshed with the large bevel gear 12 and supported for rotation by the large bevel gear 12. The number of the small bevel gears 13 is not limited to four, and multiple ones can be provided as needed. When multiple ones are provided, at least one of the small bevel gears 13 serves as a power input source.

[0033] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 An angular contact bearing 15 is provided between the shaft of the large bevel gear 12 and the first housing 11. Through the angular contact bearing 15, the large bevel gear 12 can rotate relative to the first housing 11, and the rotation process is more stable, which can effectively ensure the service life of the large bevel gear 12. Moreover, the angular contact bearing 15 can simultaneously bear radial loads and axial loads when the speed of the large bevel gear 12 is high, ensuring the rotation of the large bevel gear 12 and the transmission of power.

[0034] Preferably, in this embodiment, a deep groove ball bearing 16 is provided between the connecting shaft 14 and the first housing 11 , and the deep groove ball bearing 16 can protect the connecting shaft 14 and prevent the connecting shaft 14 from excessive wear.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first housing 11 includes a bearing holder 17 arranged in the circumference thereof, the small bevel gear 13 is inserted into the bearing holder 17, and an oil seal cover 18, an oil seal 19, a bearing locking nut 1a, a first angular contact bearing 1b, a bearing spacer 1c, and a second angular contact bearing 1d are arranged in the bearing holder 17, which are all sleeved on the shaft of the small bevel gear 13 and arranged in sequence in the direction pointing to the large bevel gear 12. Through the above components, the small bevel gear 13 can be supported on the one hand, and the small bevel gear 13 can be smoothly rotated on the other hand to transmit power.

[0036] The above-mentioned rotor commutators 2 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the small bevel gears 13, that is, in this embodiment, the number of rotor commutators 2 is preferably four.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4The rotor commutator 2 comprises a second housing 21, a rotor bevel gear 22 and an input bevel gear 23, wherein:

[0038] The rotor bevel gear 22 is rotatably arranged in the second housing 21, and part of the rotor bevel gear 22 passes through the second housing 21, and is used to connect the rotor of the drone. Specifically, the rotor bevel gear 22 can be set to two, and symmetrically arranged in the second housing 21 up and down, and the input bevel gear 23 is meshed with the two rotor bevel gears 22 at the same time (i.e., a single-axis double-propeller structure). The rotor bevel gear 22 can also be set to one, in which case the input bevel gear 23 is meshed with the rotor bevel gear 22 (i.e., a single-axis single-propeller structure).

[0039] The above-mentioned input bevel gear 23 is driven to rotate by the small bevel gear 13 of the intermediate commutator 1. Specifically, each small bevel gear 13 is connected to an input bevel gear 23 through an intermediate transmission shaft (not shown in the figure) to drive the input bevel gear 23 to rotate. The input bevel gear 23 can drive the rotor bevel gear 22 to rotate, and then the rotor bevel gear 22 drives the connected rotor to rotate.

[0040] In order to realize the multi-rotor flight principle in which the rotors on two adjacent rotor commutators 2 rotate in opposite directions and the upper and lower rotors rotate in opposite directions, in this embodiment, in two adjacent rotor commutators 2, the input bevel gear 23 of one of the rotor commutators 2 is meshed with the end of the rotor bevel gear 22 close to the small bevel gear 13 (that is, the teeth of the input bevel gear 23 are arranged away from the end of the input bevel gear 23 connected to the intermediate transmission shaft, Figure 3 As shown), the input bevel gear 23 of the other rotor commutator 2 is meshed with the end of the rotor bevel gear 22 away from the small bevel gear 13 (that is, the teeth of the input bevel gear 23 are arranged close to the end of the input bevel gear 23 connected to the intermediate transmission shaft, Figure 4 By using the different positions of the teeth of the rotor bevel gear 22, the rotor rotation directions of two adjacent rotor commutators 2 are different (see Figure 3 and Figure 4 ).

[0041] In this embodiment, third angular contact bearings 24 are provided between both ends of the input bevel gear 23 and the second housing 21, for supporting the input bevel gear 23 and realizing the rotation of the input bevel gear 23. One end of the second housing 21 is sealed by a housing cover 25, and the other end is sealed by a first rotor oil seal cover 26 sleeved on the input bevel gear 23.

[0042] The second housing 21 is provided with a second rotor oil seal cover 27, a fourth angular contact bearing 28, a rotor bearing spacer 29, and a fifth angular contact bearing 2a, which are all sleeved on the rotor bevel gear 22 and are sequentially arranged in the direction pointing to the input bevel gear 23. Through the above components, on the one hand, the rotor bevel gear 22 can be supported, and on the other hand, the rotor bevel gear 22 can be smoothly rotated to transmit power to the rotor.

[0043] The present invention also provides a drone, comprising the above-mentioned multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism, and also comprising two engines (not shown in the figure), the output ends of the two engines are respectively connected to a small bevel gear 13 of the intermediate commutator 1, and the two small bevel gears 13 connected to the two engines are arranged opposite to each other. Specifically, in this embodiment, the output end of the above-mentioned engine is connected to the small bevel gear 13 through a belt and a pulley, so that the four small bevel gears 13 of the intermediate commutator 1 can drive the corresponding input bevel gear 23 to rotate.

[0044] The present invention realizes a first-stage commutation by driving the small bevel gear 13 of the intermediate commutator 1 to rotate through the above-mentioned multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism through the engine, and then the small bevel gear 13 drives the input bevel gear 23 of the rotor commutator 2 to rotate through the intermediate transmission shaft, and the input bevel gear 23 then drives the rotor bevel gear 22 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the rotor, that is, realizing a two-stage commutation. Through the above-mentioned structure, the power running direction of the engine can be effectively converted into the power running direction of the rotor rotation to realize the rotation of the rotor, simplifying the design of the traditional reversing structure, reducing the original load, and then increasing the load capacity. In addition, the drone of the present invention uses two engines as power sources, and when one engine has a problem, the other can continue to work, ensuring the safety of the drone.

[0045] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism, characterized in that: include: The intermediate commutator (1) comprises a first housing (11), which rotates a large bevel gear (12) arranged in the first housing (11), and at least three small bevel gears (13) meshing with the large bevel gear (12), wherein the small bevel gears (13) do not mesh with each other and at least one of the small bevel gears (13) is a power input source; A rotor commutator (2) is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the small bevel gear (13), the rotor commutator (2) comprises a second housing (21), a rotor bevel gear (22) arranged in the second housing (21), an input bevel gear (23) meshing with the rotor bevel gear (22), and the input bevel gear (23) is driven to rotate by the small bevel gear (13); Two large bevel gears (12) are provided, and the two large bevel gears (12) are respectively connected to a connecting shaft (14), and the two connecting shafts (14) are arranged opposite to each other; Among two adjacent rotor commutators (2), the input bevel gear (23) of one rotor commutator (2) is meshed with an end of the rotor bevel gear (22) close to the small bevel gear (13), and the input bevel gear (23) of the other rotor commutator (2) is meshed with an end of the rotor bevel gear (22) away from the small bevel gear (13); An angular contact bearing (15) is provided between the shaft of the large bevel gear (12) and the first housing (11); a deep groove ball bearing (16) is provided between the connecting shaft (14) and the first housing (11); The first housing (11) comprises a bearing retainer (17) arranged in the axial direction thereof, the small bevel gear (13) being inserted into the bearing retainer (17), and an oil seal cover (18), an oil seal (19), a bearing locking nut (1a), a first angular contact bearing (1b), a bearing spacer (1c), and a second angular contact bearing (1d) being sleeved on the shaft of the small bevel gear (13) and arranged in sequence in the bearing retainer (17) in a direction pointing to the large bevel gear (12).

2. The multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises an intermediate transmission shaft, and the small bevel gear (13) is connected to the input bevel gear (23) via the intermediate transmission shaft.

3. The multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four small bevel gears (13) are provided, and the axes of two adjacent small bevel gears (13) are vertically arranged.

4. The multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: Among the four small bevel gears (13), two small bevel gears (13) that are opposite to each other in one group are both power input sources.

5. The multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Each rotor commutator (2) is provided with two rotor bevel gears (22), and the two rotor bevel gears (22) are arranged up and down and are both meshed with the input bevel gear (23).

6. A drone, characterized in that: It comprises the multi-rotor gear reversing mechanism described in any one of claims 1-5.

7. The drone according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes two engines, the output ends of the two engines are respectively connected to a small bevel gear (13) of the intermediate commutator (1).

Images