A car coupler
By designing a new type of hook in rail vehicles, using a two-way buffering device and automatic adjustment cylinder, the problems of large size and complex structure of the hook are solved, and the hook size shortening, cost reduction and automatic docking functions are realized, which improves maintenance efficiency and buffering performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN201711352018.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2017-12-15
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2037-12-15
AI Technical Summary
The hooks of existing rail vehicles are too large in size and complex in structure, which makes it difficult to install and replace, and the hook head cannot be automatically adjusted and centered, which increases costs and low maintenance efficiency.
A hook including a hook body, a bidirectional buffer device and a hook tail seat is designed, using a U-shaped fork piece, a prism rubber buffer and a mounting seat, and can quickly replace it through a snap ring and a limiting step, combining left and right swing cylinders and unhook cylinders Realize automatic docking and disengagement of hook heads.
It significantly shortens the size of the hook, reduces cost by nearly 60%, improves maintenance efficiency, realizes automatic docking and disengagement of the hook head, and enhances the buffering and energy absorption capacity and service life.
Smart Images
Figure CN109927746B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a rail vehicle component, and in particular to a coupler which can significantly shorten the size of the coupler, simplify the coupler structure, and greatly reduce the cost. Background Art
[0002] The couplers used for vehicle body coupling of rail vehicles all include a hook body with a hook head and a hook tail seat, wherein the buffer is usually installed on the hook tail seat, and the position where the hook body and the hook tail seat are pivotally connected by a latch is located between the hook tail seat and the hook body, which results in a large length of the coupler in the vehicle running direction, and the installation and replacement of the buffer are very troublesome. At the same time, when the hook head of the hook body is centered during coupling, the hook body cannot automatically adjust the position and center. Summary of the invention
[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a coupler which can significantly shorten the size of the coupler, simplify the coupler structure, and greatly reduce the cost, so as to solve the above problems.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a vehicle coupler, comprising a hook body, a bidirectional buffer device and a hook tail seat, wherein the bidirectional buffer device comprises a U-shaped fork, a prismatic rubber buffer and a mounting seat, wherein the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the hook tail seat and is provided with a mounting hole, wherein the prismatic rubber buffer is arranged in the mounting hole, wherein one end of the U-shaped fork is fixedly connected to the hook body, and the other end is pivotally connected to the prismatic rubber buffer.
[0005] Furthermore, it also includes a support seat for holding up the hook body when the hook body swings, one end of the support seat is pivotally connected to the hook tail seat, and the other end extends to the vicinity of the front end of the hook body.
[0006] Furthermore, the mounting hole is a stepped hole, one end of the prismatic rubber buffer is limited by a step of the stepped hole, and the other end is limited by a clamping ring installed in an annular groove in the stepped hole.
[0007] Furthermore, a pivot hole is provided at the center of the prismatic rubber buffer, and the U-shaped fork is pivotally connected to the prismatic rubber buffer via a rotating shaft passing through the pivot hole. The prismatic rubber buffer is integrally formed of a rubber layer and a V-shaped steel sheet, and the rubber layer and the V-shaped steel sheet are arranged at intervals from each other.
[0008] Furthermore, the opening of the V-shaped steel sheet is disposed toward or away from the hook body and toward the pivot hole at the same time, and the distances between adjacent V-shaped steel sheets on the same side are equal.
[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a buffer device, which includes an elastic rubber pad. The bottom of the elastic rubber pad is installed on the support seat, and the other end extends to the lower side of the hook body.
[0010] Furthermore, the buffer device also includes a fixed block and a sliding support plate that can slide up and down along the fixed block, the fixed block is installed on the support seat and is located on both sides of the hook body, the sliding support plate is arranged on the elastic rubber pad and both sides are respectively clamped in the sliding groove of the fixed block.
[0011] Furthermore, a first buffer plate is fixedly connected to the lower side of the hook body above the sliding support plate, and second buffer plates for pressing the hook body are arranged on both sides of the hook body, and the second buffer plate is fixedly connected to the fixed block.
[0012] Furthermore, left and right swing cylinders are arranged on both sides of the hook body, and the left and right swing cylinders include a first cylinder body and a first piston rod, the first cylinder body is installed on the hook tail seat, and the end of the first piston rod is fixedly connected to the hook body.
[0013] Furthermore, the hook body also includes an unhooking crank, and the hook body is also provided with an unhooking cylinder for driving the unhooking crank to rotate, the unhooking cylinder includes a second cylinder body and a second piston rod, the second cylinder body is pivotally connected to the hook body, and the second piston rod is pivotally connected to the unhooking crank.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:
[0015] 1. The coupling of the present invention significantly shortens the installation size of the coupling by at least 50% through the novel rubber buffer device. At the same time, the coupling has a compact structure and a lightweight design, and its manufacturing cost is reduced by nearly 60%;
[0016] 2. Through the V-shaped steel sheet and V-shaped rubber before and after the rotating shaft in the prismatic rubber buffer, the V-shaped steel sheet and the rubber layer have a larger contact area and can withstand impacts from more directions and larger angles of the rotating shaft.
[0017] 3. By setting the limit of the clamping ring and the limit step in the mounting hole on the mounting seat, the prismatic rubber buffer of the wearing part can be quickly replaced, further improving the efficiency of the rapid maintenance of the current rail vehicles.
[0018] 4. The hook head is adjusted to the left and right by the left and right adjusting cylinders. At the same time, the unhooking crank is driven by the unhooking cylinder to realize the automatic docking and disengagement of the hook head when different carriages are connected.
[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:
[0021] Figure 1 is an axonometric schematic diagram of a coupler disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the mounting seat and the prismatic rubber buffer disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a mounting seat and a prismatic rubber buffer disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic front view of a coupler disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0025] Legend:
[0026] 1. Hook body; 2. Bidirectional buffer device; 3. Hook tail seat; 4. U-shaped fork; 5. Prismatic rubber buffer; 6. Mounting seat; 7. Mounting hole; 8. Support seat; 9. Limiting step; 10. Annular groove; 11. Snap ring; 12. Pivot hole; 13. Rotating shaft; 14. Rubber layer; 15. V-shaped steel sheet; 17. Buffer device; 18. Elastic rubber pad; 19. Sliding support plate; 20. Fixed block; 21. Left and right swing cylinder; 22. First cylinder body; 23. First piston rod; 24. Unhooking crank; 25. Unhooking cylinder; 26. Second cylinder body; 27. Second piston rod; 28. Hook tongue; 29. First buffer pad; 30. Second buffer pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
[0028] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a coupler, including a hook body 1, a bidirectional buffer device 2 and a hook tail seat 3, wherein the hook tail seat 3 is installed on the body of a rail vehicle by bolts, the hook body 1 is used to be connected with another body, the bidirectional buffer device 2 includes a U-shaped fork 4, a prismatic rubber buffer 5 and a mounting seat 6, which mainly functions to buffer and absorb energy when the body is connected or running, the mounting seat 6 is fixed to the hook tail seat 3 or is integrally formed with the hook tail seat 3, and is provided with a mounting hole 7, the prismatic rubber buffer 5 is arranged in the mounting hole 7, one end of the U-shaped fork 4 is fixed to the hook body 1, and the other end is pivotally connected to the prismatic rubber buffer 5. Through this bidirectional buffer device 2, under the condition of ensuring the same buffering and vibration absorbing capacity, the length of the coupler is reduced by more than 50%, and the mass and volume of the coupler are reduced, and the prismatic rubber buffer 5 enables the bidirectional buffer device 2 to withstand the impact force from the body in a large angle range on the plane, thereby expanding the range of buffering and energy absorption. .
[0029] In this embodiment, it also includes a support seat 8 for supporting the hook body 1 when the hook body 1 swings. One end of the support seat 8 is pivotally connected to the hook tail seat 3, and the other end extends to the vicinity of the front end of the hook body 1. When the hook is in the process of docking, it can support the rotatable hook body 1 to facilitate the mutual insertion and connection of the hook heads and hook head holes of adjacent vehicle bodies.
[0030] In this embodiment, a limiting step 9 is provided at the bottom of the mounting hole 7, one end of the prismatic rubber buffer 5 is limited by the limiting step 9, and the other end is limited by a retaining ring 11 installed in an annular groove 10 in the mounting hole 7. When the prismatic rubber buffer 5 needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to withdraw the rotating shaft 13 (usually a pin) and take out the retaining ring 11 to remove the prismatic rubber buffer 5 for replacement. Due to the integrated modular design of the prismatic rubber buffer 5, the interchangeability is good, so that the prismatic rubber buffer 5, which is a wearing part, can be quickly replaced, further improving the efficiency of rapid maintenance of current rail vehicles.
[0031] In this embodiment, a pivot hole 12 is provided at the center of the prismatic rubber buffer 5, and the U-shaped fork 4 is pivotally connected to the prismatic rubber buffer 5 through a rotating shaft 13 passing through the pivot hole 12. The prismatic rubber buffer 5 is integrally formed by a rubber layer 14 and a V-shaped steel sheet 15, and the rubber layer 14 and the V-shaped steel sheet 15 are arranged at intervals from each other, which not only ensures the buffering capacity through the rubber, but also ensures the service life of the prismatic rubber buffer 5 through the steel sheet, wherein the V-shaped steel sheet is in a V-shaped structure, and its opening is facing or away from the hook body 1, and is also arranged toward the pivot hole 12, and the distance between adjacent V-shaped steel sheets on the same side is equal. Among them, the steel sheet is set as a V-shaped structure, which is an untested preferred structure. When the vehicle body is connected or moving, the rotating shaft 13 will frequently move forward or backward. Compared with straight steel sheets, wavy steel sheets or steel sheets of other shapes, the V-shaped steel sheet is not only simple to process (only simple bending is required), but also has a larger contact area with the rubber layer 14, and its buffering and energy absorption effect is better.
[0032] In this embodiment, a buffer device 17 is further provided between the support seat 8 and the hook body 1. The buffer device 17 includes an elastic rubber pad 18, a fixing block 20 and a sliding support plate 19 that can slide up and down along the fixing block. The bottom of the elastic rubber pad 18 is installed on the support seat 8, and the other end extends to the lower side of the hook body 1. Through the buffering energy absorption effect of the elastic rubber pad 18, when the hook body 1 moves downward during the process of being connected or moving with the vehicle body, it will not have a rigid impact with the support seat 8. The fixing block 20 is installed on the support seat 8 and is located on both sides of the hook body 1. The sliding support plate 19 is arranged on the elastic rubber pad 18 and the two sides are respectively clamped in the sliding groove of the fixing block 20. When the hook body 1 deflects left and right, the downward pressure of the hook body 1 will directly act on the sliding support plate 19. The switching energy of the sliding support plate 19 can evenly transfer the force to the elastic rubber pad 18, so that the elastic rubber pad 18 is evenly stressed, so that its buffering energy absorption effect is better and its service life is longer. At the same time, a first buffer plate 29 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the hook body 1 above the sliding support plate 19, and second buffer plates 30 for pressing the hook body 1 are arranged on both sides of the hook body 1. The second buffer plate 30 is fixedly connected to the fixed block 20, thereby avoiding problems such as wear and vibration caused by direct rigid contact between the iron hook body 1, the fixed block 20 and the sliding support plate 19.
[0033] In this embodiment, left and right swing cylinders 21 are provided on both sides of the hook body 1. The left and right swing cylinders 21 include a first cylinder body 22 and a first piston rod 23. The first cylinder body 22 is mounted on the hook tail seat 3, and the end of the first piston rod 23 is pivotally connected to the hook body 1. At the same time, the hook body 1 also includes an unhooking crank 24. The hook body 1 is also provided with an unhooking cylinder 25 that drives the unhooking crank 24 to rotate. The unhooking cylinder 25 includes a second cylinder body 26 and a second piston rod 27. The second cylinder body 26 is pivotally connected to the hook body 1, and the second piston rod 27 is pivotally connected to the unhooking crank 24. By adjusting the cylinder up and down and adjusting the cylinder left and right, at the same time, the unhooking cylinder 25 drives the unhooking crank 24 and then drives the hook tongue 28 to complete the unhooking of the hook heads that are connected to each other, so that the automatic docking and disengagement of the hook heads when different carriages are connected can be realized.
[0034] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A coupler, characterized in that: It comprises a hook body, a bidirectional buffer device and a hook tail seat, the bidirectional buffer device comprises a U-shaped fork, a prismatic rubber buffer and a mounting seat, the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the hook tail seat, a mounting hole is arranged on the mounting seat, the prismatic rubber buffer is arranged in the mounting hole, one end of the U-shaped fork is fixedly connected to the hook body, and the other end is pivotally connected to the prismatic rubber buffer; the mounting hole is a stepped hole, one end of the prismatic rubber buffer is limited by a step of the stepped hole, and the other end is limited by a snap ring installed in an annular groove in the stepped hole; a pivot hole is provided in the center of the prismatic rubber buffer, the U-shaped fork is pivotally connected to the prismatic rubber buffer by a rotating shaft passing through the pivot hole, the prismatic rubber buffer is integrally formed by a rubber layer and a V-shaped steel sheet, and the rubber layer and the V-shaped steel sheet are arranged at intervals from each other.
2. The coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a support seat for holding up the hook body when the hook body swings, one end of the support seat is pivotally connected to the hook tail seat, and the other end extends to the vicinity of the front end of the hook body.
3. The coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening of the V-shaped steel sheet is directed toward or away from the hook body and is simultaneously directed toward the pivot hole, and the distances between adjacent V-shaped steel sheets on the same side are equal.
4. The coupler according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a buffer device, which includes an elastic rubber pad. The bottom of the elastic rubber pad is installed on the support seat, and the other end extends to the lower side of the hook body.
5. The coupler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer device also includes a fixed block and a sliding support plate that can slide up and down along the fixed block. The fixed block is installed on the support seat and is located on both sides of the hook body. The sliding support plate is arranged on the elastic rubber pad and both sides are respectively clamped in the sliding groove of the fixed block.
6. The coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first buffer pad is fixedly connected above the sliding support plate and on the lower side of the hook body, and second buffer pads for pressing the hook body are arranged on both sides of the hook body, and the second buffer pad is fixedly connected to the fixing block.
7. The coupler according to claim 6, characterized in that: Left and right swing cylinders are arranged on both sides of the hook body. The left and right swing cylinders include a first cylinder body and a first piston rod. The first cylinder body is installed on the hook tail seat, and the end of the first piston rod is fixedly connected to the hook body.
8. The coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The hook body also includes an unhooking crank, and the hook body is also provided with an unhooking cylinder for driving the unhooking crank to rotate, the unhooking cylinder includes a second cylinder body and a second piston rod, the second cylinder body is pivotally connected to the hook body, and the second piston rod is pivotally connected to the unhooking crank.