A car coupler
By designing a new type of hook in rail vehicles, using a two-way buffer device and automatic adjustment cylinder, the problem of excessive size and complex structure of the hook is solved, and the size shortening, cost reduction and automatic docking functions are achieved, which improves maintenance efficiency and connecting efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN201711360964.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2017-12-15
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2037-12-15
AI Technical Summary
The hooks of existing rail vehicles are too large in size and complex in structure, which makes it difficult to install and replace, and the hook head cannot be automatically adjusted to center, affecting the efficiency and cost of connecting.
A hook including a hook body, a bidirectional buffer device and a hook tail seat is designed, using a U-shaped fork piece, a cylindrical rubber buffer and a mounting seat, and can quickly replace it through limit steps and snap rings, combining left and right swing cylinders and hook cylinders , realize automatic docking and disengagement of hook heads.
Significantly shortens the size of the hook, reduces costs, realizes a lightweight design, improves maintenance efficiency, can withstand 360° impact force, automatically adjusts the hook head position, and improves the connecting efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN109927750B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a rail vehicle component, and in particular to a coupler which can significantly shorten the size of the coupler, simplify the coupler structure, and greatly reduce the cost. Background Art
[0002] The couplers used for vehicle body coupling of rail vehicles all include a hook body with a hook head and a hook tail seat, wherein the buffer is usually installed on the hook tail seat, and the position where the hook body and the hook tail seat are pivotally connected by a latch is located between the hook tail seat and the hook body, which results in a large length of the coupler in the vehicle running direction, and the installation and replacement of the buffer are very troublesome. At the same time, when the hook head of the hook body is centered during coupling, the hook body cannot automatically adjust the position and center. Summary of the invention
[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a coupler which can significantly shorten the size of the coupler, simplify the coupler structure, and greatly reduce the cost, so as to solve the above problems.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention discloses a vehicle coupler, comprising a hook body, a bidirectional buffer device and a hook tail seat, wherein the bidirectional buffer device comprises a U-shaped fork, a cylindrical rubber buffer and a mounting seat, wherein the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the hook tail seat and is provided with a mounting hole, wherein the cylindrical rubber buffer is arranged in the mounting hole, wherein one end of the U-shaped fork is fixedly connected to the hook body, and the other end is pivotally connected to the cylindrical rubber buffer.
[0005] Furthermore, it also includes a support seat for holding up the hook body when the hook body swings, one end of the support seat is pivotally connected to the hook tail seat, and the other end extends to the vicinity of the front end of the hook body.
[0006] Furthermore, a limiting step is provided at the bottom of the mounting hole, one end of the cylindrical rubber buffer is limited by the limiting step, and the other end is limited by a snap ring installed in an annular groove in the mounting hole.
[0007] Furthermore, a pivot hole is provided at the center of the cylindrical rubber buffer, and the U-shaped fork is pivotally connected to the cylindrical rubber buffer via a rotating shaft passing through the pivot hole. The cylindrical rubber buffer is integrally formed of a cylindrical rubber layer and a cylindrical steel sheet, and the cylindrical rubber layer and the cylindrical steel sheet are arranged at intervals from each other.
[0008] Furthermore, the mounting seat is provided with a positioning pin hole for installing a positioning pin to prevent the cylindrical rubber buffer from rotating, and the positioning pin hole penetrates into the mounting hole.
[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a buffer device, which includes an elastic rubber pad. The bottom of the elastic rubber pad is installed on the support seat, and the other end extends to the lower side of the hook body.
[0010] Furthermore, the buffer device also includes a fixed block and a sliding support plate that can slide up and down along the fixed block, the fixed block is installed on the support seat and is located on both sides of the hook body, the sliding support plate is arranged on the elastic rubber pad and both sides are respectively clamped in the sliding groove of the fixed block.
[0011] Furthermore, a first buffer plate is fixedly connected to the lower side of the hook body above the sliding support plate, and second buffer plates for pressing the hook body are arranged on both sides of the hook body, and the second buffer plate is fixedly connected to the fixed block.
[0012] Furthermore, left and right swing cylinders are arranged on both sides of the hook body, and the left and right swing cylinders include a first cylinder body and a first piston rod, the first cylinder body is installed on the hook tail seat, and the end of the first piston rod is fixedly connected to the hook body.
[0013] Furthermore, the hook body also includes an unhooking crank, and the hook body is also provided with an unhooking cylinder for driving the unhooking crank to rotate, the unhooking cylinder includes a second cylinder body and a second piston rod, the second cylinder body is pivotally connected to the hook body, and the second piston rod is pivotally connected to the unhooking crank.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:
[0015] 1. The coupling of the present invention significantly shortens the installation size of the coupling by at least 50% through the novel rubber buffer device. At the same time, the coupling has a compact structure and a lightweight design, and its manufacturing cost is reduced by nearly 60%;
[0016] 2. Through the cylindrical rubber buffer, the bidirectional buffer device can withstand the impact force from the front and rear of the vehicle body at 360°;
[0017] 3. By setting the limit of the clamping ring and the limit step in the mounting hole on the mounting seat, the cylindrical rubber buffer of the wearing part can be quickly replaced, further improving the efficiency of the rapid maintenance of the current rail vehicles.
[0018] 4. The hook head is adjusted to the left and right by the left and right adjusting cylinders. At the same time, the unhooking crank is driven by the unhooking cylinder to realize the automatic docking and disengagement of the hook head when different carriages are connected.
[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:
[0021] Figure 1 is an axonometric schematic diagram of a coupler disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the mounting seat and the cylindrical rubber buffer disclosed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a mounting seat and a cylindrical rubber buffer disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic front view of a coupler disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0025] Legend:
[0026] 1. Hook body; 2. Bidirectional buffer device; 3. Hook tail seat; 4. U-shaped fork; 5. Cylindrical rubber buffer; 6. Mounting seat; 7. Mounting hole; 8. Support seat; 9. Limit step; 10. Annular groove; 11. Snap ring; 12. Pivot hole; 13. Rotating shaft; 14. Cylindrical rubber layer; 15. Cylindrical steel sheet; 16. Positioning pin hole; 17. Buffer device; 18. Elastic rubber pad; 19. Sliding support plate; 20. Fixed block; 21. Left and right swing cylinder; 22. First cylinder body; 23. First piston rod; 24. Unhooking crank; 25. Unhooking cylinder; 26. Second cylinder body; 27. Second piston rod; 28. Hook tongue; 29. First buffer pad; 30. Second buffer pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
[0028] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a coupler, including a hook body 1, a bidirectional buffer device 2 and a hook tail seat 3, wherein the hook tail seat 3 is installed on the body of a rail vehicle by bolts, the hook body 1 is used to be connected with another body, the bidirectional buffer device 2 includes a U-shaped fork 4, a cylindrical rubber buffer 5 and a mounting seat 6, and its main function is to buffer and absorb energy when the body is connected or running, the mounting seat 6 is fixed to the hook tail seat 3 or is integrally formed with the hook tail seat 3, and is provided with a mounting hole 7, and the cylindrical rubber buffer 5 is arranged in the mounting hole 7, one end of the U-shaped fork 4 is fixed to the hook body 1, and the other end is pivotally connected to the cylindrical rubber buffer 5. Through this bidirectional buffer device 2, under the condition of ensuring the same buffering and vibration absorbing capacity, the length of the coupler is reduced by more than 50%, and the mass and volume of the coupler are reduced, and at the same time, the cylindrical rubber buffer 5 enables the bidirectional buffer device 2 to withstand the impact force from the front and rear of the body 360° on the plane, expanding the range of buffering and shock absorption.
[0029] In this embodiment, it also includes a support seat 8 for supporting the hook body 1 when the hook body 1 swings. One end of the support seat 8 is pivotally connected to the hook tail seat 3, and the other end extends to the vicinity of the front end of the hook body 1. When the hook is in the process of docking, it can support the rotatable hook body 1 to facilitate the mutual insertion and connection of the hook heads and hook head holes of adjacent vehicle bodies.
[0030] In this embodiment, a limiting step 9 is provided at the bottom of the mounting hole 7, one end of the cylindrical rubber buffer 5 is limited by the limiting step 9, and the other end is limited by a retaining ring 11 installed in an annular groove 10 in the mounting hole 7. When the cylindrical rubber buffer 5 needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to withdraw the rotating shaft 13 (usually a pin) and take out the retaining ring 11 to remove and replace the cylindrical rubber buffer 5. Due to the integrated modular design of the cylindrical rubber buffer 5, the interchangeability is good, so that the cylindrical rubber buffer 5, which is a wearing part, can be quickly replaced, further improving the efficiency of rapid maintenance of current rail vehicles.
[0031] In this embodiment, a pivot hole 12 is provided at the center of the cylindrical rubber buffer 5, and the U-shaped fork 4 is pivotally connected to the cylindrical rubber buffer 5 via a rotating shaft 13 passing through the pivot hole 12. The cylindrical rubber buffer 5 is integrally formed by a cylindrical rubber layer 14 and a cylindrical steel sheet 15, and the cylindrical rubber layer 14 and the cylindrical steel sheet 15 are arranged at intervals from each other. Not only the buffering capacity is guaranteed by the rubber, but also the service life of the cylindrical rubber buffer 5 is guaranteed by the steel sheet. This type of cylindrical rubber buffer 5 enables the bidirectional buffer device 2 to withstand the buffering and shock absorption of the impact force from the front and rear of the vehicle body at 360°, thereby improving the buffering capacity of the vehicle body during hanging and running.
[0032] In this embodiment, a positioning pin hole 16 for installing a positioning pin to prevent the cylindrical rubber buffer 5 from rotating is provided on the mounting seat 6 , and the positioning pin hole 16 penetrates into the mounting hole 7 .
[0033] In this embodiment, a buffer device 17 is further provided between the support seat 8 and the hook body 1. The buffer device 17 includes an elastic rubber pad 18, a fixing block 20 and a sliding support plate 19 that can slide up and down along the fixing block. The bottom of the elastic rubber pad 18 is installed on the support seat 8, and the other end extends to the lower side of the hook body 1. Through the buffering energy absorption effect of the elastic rubber pad 18, when the hook body 1 moves downward during the process of being connected or moving with the vehicle body, it will not have a rigid impact with the support seat 8. The fixing block 20 is installed on the support seat 8 and is located on both sides of the hook body 1. The sliding support plate 19 is arranged on the elastic rubber pad 18 and the two sides are respectively clamped in the sliding groove of the fixing block 20. When the hook body 1 deflects left and right, the downward pressure of the hook body 1 will directly act on the sliding support plate 19. The switching energy of the sliding support plate 19 can evenly transfer the force to the elastic rubber pad 18, so that the elastic rubber pad 18 is evenly stressed, so that its buffering energy absorption effect is better and its service life is longer. At the same time, a first buffer plate 29 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the hook body 1 above the sliding support plate 19, and second buffer plates 30 for pressing the hook body 1 are arranged on both sides of the hook body 1. The second buffer plate 30 is fixedly connected to the fixed block 20, thereby avoiding problems such as wear and vibration caused by direct rigid contact between the iron hook body 1, the fixed block 20 and the sliding support plate 19.
[0034] In this embodiment, left and right swing cylinders 21 are provided on both sides of the hook body 1. The left and right swing cylinders 21 include a first cylinder body 22 and a first piston rod 23. The first cylinder body 22 is mounted on the hook tail seat 3, and the end of the first piston rod 23 is pivotally connected to the hook body 1. At the same time, the hook body 1 also includes an unhooking crank 24. The hook body 1 is also provided with an unhooking cylinder 25 that drives the unhooking crank 24 to rotate. The unhooking cylinder 25 includes a second cylinder body 26 and a second piston rod 27. The second cylinder body 26 is pivotally connected to the hook body 1, and the second piston rod 27 is pivotally connected to the unhooking crank 24. By adjusting the cylinder up and down and adjusting the cylinder left and right, at the same time, the unhooking cylinder 25 drives the unhooking crank 24 and then drives the hook tongue 28 to complete the unhooking of the hook heads that are connected to each other, so that the automatic docking and disengagement of the hook heads when different carriages are connected can be realized.
[0035] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A coupler, characterized in that: It comprises a hook body, a bidirectional buffer device and a hook tail seat, the bidirectional buffer device comprises a U-shaped fork, a cylindrical rubber buffer and a mounting seat, the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the hook tail seat, a mounting hole is arranged on the mounting seat, the cylindrical rubber buffer is arranged in the mounting hole, one end of the U-shaped fork is fixedly connected to the hook body, and the other end is pivotally connected to the cylindrical rubber buffer; a limiting step is arranged at the bottom of the mounting hole, one end of the cylindrical rubber buffer is limited by the limiting step, and the other end is limited by a retaining ring installed in an annular groove in the mounting hole; a pivot hole is provided at the center of the cylindrical rubber buffer, the U-shaped fork is pivotally connected to the cylindrical rubber buffer by a rotating shaft passing through the pivot hole, the cylindrical rubber buffer is integrally formed by a cylindrical rubber layer and a cylindrical steel sheet, and the cylindrical rubber layer and the cylindrical steel sheet are arranged at intervals from each other.
2. The coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a support seat for holding up the hook body when the hook body swings, one end of the support seat is pivotally connected to the hook tail seat, and the other end extends to the vicinity of the front end of the hook body.
3. The coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting seat is provided with a positioning pin hole for installing a positioning pin to prevent the cylindrical rubber buffer from rotating, and the positioning pin hole penetrates into the mounting hole.
4. The coupler according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a buffer device, which includes an elastic rubber pad. The bottom of the elastic rubber pad is installed on the support seat, and the other end extends to the lower side of the hook body.
5. The coupler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer device also includes a fixed block and a sliding support plate that can slide up and down along the fixed block. The fixed block is installed on the support seat and is located on both sides of the hook body. The sliding support plate is arranged on the elastic rubber pad and both sides are respectively clamped in the sliding groove of the fixed block.
6. The coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first buffer pad is fixedly connected above the sliding support plate and on the lower side of the hook body, and second buffer pads for pressing the hook body are arranged on both sides of the hook body, and the second buffer pad is fixedly connected to the fixing block.
7. The coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Left and right swing cylinders are arranged on both sides of the hook body. The left and right swing cylinders include a first cylinder body and a first piston rod. The first cylinder body is installed on the hook tail seat, and the end of the first piston rod is fixedly connected to the hook body.
8. The coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The hook body also includes an unhooking crank, and the hook body is also provided with an unhooking cylinder for driving the unhooking crank to rotate, the unhooking cylinder includes a second cylinder body and a second piston rod, the second cylinder body is pivotally connected to the hook body, and the second piston rod is pivotally connected to the unhooking crank.