Microwave plasma waste solid cracking device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a microwave plasma waste solid cracking device, which belongs to the field of microwave application technology. The interior of a first shielding shell and the interior of a second shielding shell are connected through a cutoff waveguide tube; a first feed port is provided on the side of the first shielding shell; a first microwave source is used to input microwaves to the corresponding first feed port, so that the waste solid arranged in the first shielding shell is cracked; an igniter is provided on the second shielding shell, and is used to generate a tip discharge to the interior of the second shielding shell to generate plasma; a second feed port is provided on the side of the second shielding shell; a second microwave source is used to input microwaves to the corresponding second feed port, so that the gas molecules input from the first shielding shell are cracked; and a gas outlet is used to output the gas in the second shielding shell. The microwave plasma waste solid cracking device of the present invention uses microwaves to quickly crack waste solids, and then decomposes large molecular gases into small molecular gases that are easy to handle under the impact of plasma, which greatly reduces the harm of gases to the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave application, and in particular relates to a microwave plasma waste solid cracking device. Background Art

[0002] Hazardous wastes are toxic, flammable, explosive, corrosive, chemically reactive or infectious, and pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health. At present, there is no professional centralized hazardous waste disposal facility that meets national standards. The above-mentioned chemical wastes that cannot be recycled and comprehensively utilized are temporarily in a state of self-distributed disposal. The disposal methods are simple storage, simple incineration, external incineration, or direct discharge. Some chemical wastes are directly mixed with domestic garbage. These all pose serious environmental safety risks, threatening people's health, and also affecting the local investment environment and future sustainable development.

[0003] The existing solid waste treatment technologies include safe landfill, incineration and microwave cracking. Safe landfill is a method of placing or storing hazardous waste in the environment to isolate it from the environment. Whether the connection between waste and the environment can be blocked is the key to the success of landfill disposal and the potential risk of safe landfill. Long-term landfill will lead to the accumulation of solid waste, which seriously affects the ecological balance and is a waste of resources and an unfriendly behavior to the environment. Incineration is a high-temperature thermal treatment technology, that is, a certain amount of excess air is used to carry out oxidation and decomposition reaction with the treated organic waste in the incinerator, and the toxic and harmful substances in the waste are oxidized and pyrolyzed at high temperature and destroyed. The characteristics of incineration disposal are that it can achieve harmlessness, reduction and resource utilization. However, it is easy to produce harmful secondary pollutants such as dioxins, furans, heavy metals, acidic gases, and smoke. Different from incineration, microwave cracking technology uses heat energy to crack large molecular weight organic matter into relatively small molecular weight easy-to-handle compounds or combustion gases, oils, carbon black and other organic matter under anaerobic or anoxic conditions. Microwave pyrolysis and incineration are two completely different processes. Incineration is an exothermic process, while cracking requires the absorption of a large amount of heat. The main products of incineration are carbon dioxide and water, while the main products of cracking are combustible low-molecular compounds. Simple microwave cracking cannot achieve a complete decomposition of waste. The small molecular particles after microwave cracking still have certain harm to the environment and are not easy to handle. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a microwave plasma waste solid cracking device to address the above shortcomings, and to solve the problems of low waste solid decomposition efficiency and environmental protection in existing solid waste treatment technologies. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A microwave plasma waste solid cracking device comprises an igniter 1, a first shielding shell 2, a second shielding shell 3, a cutoff waveguide tube 4, an air outlet 5, a cutoff waveguide 6, at least one first microwave source 7 and at least one second microwave source 8; the interior of the first shielding shell 2 and the interior of the second shielding shell 3 are connected through the cutoff waveguide tube 4; a first feed port corresponding to the first microwave source 7 is provided on the side of the first shielding shell 2; the first microwave source 7 is used to input microwaves to the corresponding first feed port to crack the waste solids arranged in the first shielding shell 2; the igniter 1 is arranged on the second shielding shell 3, and is used to generate a tip discharge to the inside of the second shielding shell 3 to generate plasma; a second feed port corresponding to the second microwave source 8 is provided on the side of the second shielding shell 3; the second microwave source 8 is used to input microwaves to the corresponding second feed port to crack the gas molecules input from the first shielding shell 2; the air outlet 5 is used to output the gas in the second shielding shell 3; the cutoff waveguide 6 is used to reduce the microwaves in the second shielding shell 3 from escaping from the air outlet 5. As can be seen from the above structure, the material of the inner wall of the first shielding shell 2 is usually metal, which can reflect microwaves and reduce the escape of microwaves after entering the first shielding shell 2 from the first feed port, so that the microwaves are fully absorbed by the waste solids; the first microwave source 7 can be connected to the corresponding first feed port through a waveguide, for example, a rectangular waveguide is used, or the first microwave source 7 can have its own waveguide and be directly connected to the corresponding first feed port; the waste solids are rapidly cracked in the microwave reaction cavity in the first shielding shell 2, and the microwaves can instantly generate very high temperatures, which is faster and more efficient than traditional incineration cracking.Since the temperature in the microwave reaction chamber in the first shielding shell 2 is very high, the solid waste is placed in an anaerobic environment for anaerobic cracking. The solid waste can be placed in the first shielding shell 2 by opening an openable door. The solid waste is quickly cracked into macromolecular gas and enters the second shielding shell 3 through the cutoff waveguide 4. The cutoff waveguide 4 can reduce the microwaves generated by the first microwave source 7 from entering the second shielding shell 3. The first shielding shell 2 is at the bottom and the second shielding shell 3 is at the top, so that the high-temperature gas can flow upward more easily. The igniter 1 is arranged on the second shielding shell 3 to generate a tip discharge to the inside of the second shielding shell 3 to generate plasma. The material of the inner wall of the second shielding shell 3 is usually metal. , can reflect microwaves, reduce microwaves from escaping from the second feed port into the second shielding shell 3, and make microwaves crack the macromolecular gas again; the second microwave source 8 can be connected to the corresponding second feed port through a waveguide, for example, a rectangular waveguide, or the second microwave source 8 can be provided with a waveguide and directly connected to the corresponding second feed port; the waste solid is quickly cracked into macromolecular gas and enters the second shielding shell 3, and the microwave plasma can further decompose the macromolecular gas, so that the decomposition is more thorough, and it becomes small molecular gas that is easy to handle, avoiding pollution to the environment, and the small molecular gas is discharged from the outlet 5 at the top of the second shielding shell 3, and the cut-off waveguide 6 is used to reduce the microwaves in the second shielding shell 3 from escaping from the outlet 5. The dual effects of microwave cracking and microwave plasma cracking are used to solve the problem that the traditional microwave cracking device is not completely cracked and the emissions are still harmful. The gas generated after microwave cracking will cause severe harm to the atmosphere. A large number of high-speed plasma beams are generated in the second shielding shell 3, and the microwaves are extremely high, which can crack the gas again, greatly reducing the harm of the gas to the environment.

[0006] Furthermore, the first microwave sources 7 are at least two; if there is a pair of first feed ports located on both sides of the first shielding shell 2, the positions of the paired first feed ports are staggered and / or the polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the paired first feed ports are different, which is used to reduce the mutual coupling of the microwaves inputted by the paired first feed ports. It can be seen from the above structure that there are at least two first microwave sources 7. When the number is large, the power of the first microwave source 7 can be selected to be smaller to reduce the cost; since there are many first microwave sources 7, it is inevitable that some first feed ports are directly opposite, so that the microwaves of the two first microwave sources 7 are prone to mutual coupling, so that the microwaves cannot be fully utilized, and may also cause damage to the first microwave source 7; the way to reduce mutual coupling is to stagger the directly opposite first feed ports so that they are not directly opposite, or to make the polarization directions of the microwaves with polarization directions different, which can reduce mutual coupling, improve energy utilization, protect the first microwave source 7, and increase the service life of the first microwave source 7.

[0007] Furthermore, the polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the paired first feed ports are orthogonal. It can be seen from the above structure that when the polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the paired first feed ports are orthogonal, the mutual coupling is minimal and the energy utilization rate is also the highest.

[0008] Furthermore, the second microwave source 8 is at least two; if there is a pair of second feed ports located on both sides of the second shielding shell 3, the positions of the paired second feed ports are staggered and / or the polarization directions of the microwaves input by the paired second feed ports are different, which is used to reduce the mutual coupling of the microwaves input by the paired second feed ports. It can be seen from the above structure that there are at least two second microwave sources 8. When the number is large, the power of the second microwave source 8 can be selected to be smaller to reduce the cost; since there are many second microwave sources 8, it is inevitable that there will be some second feed ports facing each other, so that the microwaves of the two second microwave sources 8 are prone to mutual coupling, so that the microwaves cannot be fully utilized, and may also cause damage to the second microwave source 8; the way to reduce mutual coupling can be to stagger the facing second feed ports so that they are not facing each other, or to make the polarization directions of the microwaves with polarization directions different, which can reduce mutual coupling, improve energy utilization, protect the second microwave source 8, and increase the service life of the second microwave source 8.

[0009] Furthermore, the polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the paired second feed ports are orthogonal. It can be seen from the above structure that when the polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the paired second feed ports are orthogonal, the mutual coupling is minimal and the energy utilization rate is also the highest.

[0010] Furthermore, the second shielding shell 3 and the air outlet 5 are connected via a reducing section 11. As can be seen from the above structure, the reducing section 11 is a transition section from the second shielding shell 3 to the air outlet 5, the inner wall of which is also made of metal, and the reducing section 11 is funnel-shaped, which can collect the rising gas in the second shielding shell 3 to the air outlet 5 for discharge.

[0011] Furthermore, a cutoff waveguide tube 12 is provided on the second shielding shell 3; a sight glass is provided on the cutoff waveguide tube 12 for observing the reaction situation in the second shielding shell 3. As can be seen from the above structure, the sight glass facilitates the observation of the reaction situation in the second shielding shell 3, and the cutoff waveguide tube 12 reduces the escape of microwaves from the sight glass.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a branch pipe 13 and a valve group; the branch pipe 13 is connected to the cut-off waveguide tube 4; the valve group is used to select any two of the branch pipe 13, the first shielding shell 2, and the second shielding shell 3 to be connected. From the above structure, it can be seen that the valve group can select the branch pipe 13 and the first shielding shell 2 to be connected, and the microwave solid decomposition part of the device is used alone, and the waste gas is discharged from the branch pipe 13 to other processing equipment; the valve group can select the branch pipe 13 and the second shielding shell 3 to be connected, and the microwave plasma decomposition part of the device is used alone, and the waste gas is input from the branch pipe 13 to the second shielding shell 3 for microwave plasma decomposition; the valve group can select the first shielding shell 2 and the second shielding shell 3 to be connected, and the microwave solid decomposition part and the microwave plasma decomposition part of the device are used.

[0013] Further, the valve group includes a first valve 14, a second valve 15 and a third valve 16; the branch pipe 13 is provided with a first valve 14; the cutoff waveguide tube 4 on both sides of the connection point between the branch pipe 13 and the cutoff waveguide tube 4 is provided with a second valve 15 and a third valve 16 respectively. It can be seen from the above structure that the first valve 14 is opened, the third valve 16 is opened, and the second valve 15 is closed, the branch pipe 13 and the second shielding shell 3 are connected, and the microwave plasma cracking part of the device can be used alone; the first valve 14 is opened, the third valve 16 is closed, and the second valve 15 is opened, the branch pipe 13 and the second shielding shell 3 are connected, and the microwave plasma cracking part of the device is used alone; the first valve 14 is closed, the third valve 16 is opened, and the second valve 15 is opened, the first shielding shell 2 and the second shielding shell 3 are connected, and the microwave cracking waste solid part and the microwave plasma cracking part of the device are used.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] The present invention discloses a microwave plasma waste solid cracking device, which belongs to the field of microwave application technology. The interior of a first shielding shell and the interior of a second shielding shell are connected through a cutoff waveguide tube; a first feed port is provided on the side of the first shielding shell; a first microwave source is used to input microwaves to the corresponding first feed port, so that the waste solid arranged in the first shielding shell is cracked; an igniter is provided on the second shielding shell, and is used to generate a tip discharge to the interior of the second shielding shell to generate plasma; a second feed port is provided on the side of the second shielding shell; a second microwave source is used to input microwaves to the corresponding second feed port, so that the gas molecules input from the first shielding shell are cracked; and a gas outlet is used to output the gas in the second shielding shell. The microwave plasma waste solid cracking device of the present invention uses microwaves to quickly crack waste solids, and then decomposes large molecular gases into small molecular gases that are easy to handle under the impact of plasma, which greatly reduces the harm of gases to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a first structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a second structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] In the accompanying drawings: 1-igniter, 2-first shielding shell, 3-second shielding shell, 4-cutoff waveguide tube, 5-air outlet, 6-cutoff waveguide, 7-first microwave source, 8-second microwave source, 11-reducing section, 12-cutoff waveguide tube, 13-branch pipe, 14-first valve, 15-second valve, 16-third valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0020] Embodiment 1:

[0021] See attached Figure 1The microwave plasma waste solid cracking device comprises an igniter 1, a first shielding shell 2, a second shielding shell 3, a cutoff waveguide 4, an air outlet 5, a cutoff waveguide 6, at least one first microwave source 7 and at least one second microwave source 8; the interior of the first shielding shell 2 and the interior of the second shielding shell 3 are connected through the cutoff waveguide 4; the first shielding shell 2 is provided with a first feed port corresponding to the first microwave source 7 on the side; the first microwave source 7 is used to input microwaves to the corresponding first feed port to crack the waste solids arranged in the first shielding shell 2; the igniter 1 is arranged on the second shielding shell 3, and is used to generate a tip discharge to the inside of the second shielding shell 3 to generate plasma; the second shielding shell 3 is provided with a second feed port corresponding to the second microwave source 8 on the side; the second microwave source 8 is used to input microwaves to the corresponding second feed port to crack the gas molecules input from the first shielding shell 2; the air outlet 5 is used to output the gas in the second shielding shell 3; the cutoff waveguide 6 is used to reduce the microwaves in the second shielding shell 3 from escaping from the air outlet 5. As can be seen from the above structure, the material of the inner wall of the first shielding shell 2 is usually metal, which can reflect microwaves and reduce the escape of microwaves after entering the first shielding shell 2 from the first feed port, so that the microwaves are fully absorbed by the waste solids; the first microwave source 7 can be connected to the corresponding first feed port through a waveguide, for example, a rectangular waveguide is used, or the first microwave source 7 can have its own waveguide and be directly connected to the corresponding first feed port; the waste solids are rapidly cracked in the microwave reaction cavity in the first shielding shell 2, and the microwaves can instantly generate very high temperatures, which is faster and more efficient than traditional incineration cracking.Since the temperature in the microwave reaction chamber in the first shielding shell 2 is very high, the solid waste is placed in an anaerobic environment for anaerobic cracking. The solid waste can be placed in the first shielding shell 2 by opening an openable door. The solid waste is quickly cracked into macromolecular gas and enters the second shielding shell 3 through the cutoff waveguide 4. The cutoff waveguide 4 can reduce the microwaves generated by the first microwave source 7 from entering the second shielding shell 3. The first shielding shell 2 is at the bottom and the second shielding shell 3 is at the top, so that the high-temperature gas can flow upward more easily. The igniter 1 is arranged on the second shielding shell 3 to generate a tip discharge to the inside of the second shielding shell 3 to generate plasma. The material of the inner wall of the second shielding shell 3 is usually metal. , can reflect microwaves, reduce microwaves from escaping from the second feed port into the second shielding shell 3, and make microwaves crack the macromolecular gas again; the second microwave source 8 can be connected to the corresponding second feed port through a waveguide, for example, a rectangular waveguide, or the second microwave source 8 can be provided with a waveguide and directly connected to the corresponding second feed port; the waste solid is quickly cracked into macromolecular gas and enters the second shielding shell 3, and the microwave plasma can further decompose the macromolecular gas, so that the decomposition is more thorough, and it becomes small molecular gas that is easy to handle, avoiding pollution to the environment, and the small molecular gas is discharged from the outlet 5 at the top of the second shielding shell 3, and the cut-off waveguide 6 is used to reduce the microwaves in the second shielding shell 3 from escaping from the outlet 5. The dual effects of microwave cracking and microwave plasma cracking are used to solve the problem that the traditional microwave cracking device is not completely cracked and the emissions are still harmful. The gas generated after microwave cracking will cause severe harm to the atmosphere. A large number of high-speed plasma beams are generated in the second shielding shell 3, and the microwaves are extremely high, which can crack the gas again, greatly reducing the harm of the gas to the environment.

[0022] Embodiment 2:

[0023] See attached Figure 1The microwave plasma waste solid cracking device comprises an igniter 1, a first shielding shell 2, a second shielding shell 3, a cutoff waveguide 4, an air outlet 5, a cutoff waveguide 6, at least one first microwave source 7 and at least one second microwave source 8; the interior of the first shielding shell 2 and the interior of the second shielding shell 3 are connected through the cutoff waveguide 4; the first shielding shell 2 is provided with a first feed port corresponding to the first microwave source 7 on the side; the first microwave source 7 is used to input microwaves to the corresponding first feed port to crack the waste solids arranged in the first shielding shell 2; the igniter 1 is arranged on the second shielding shell 3, and is used to generate a tip discharge to the inside of the second shielding shell 3 to generate plasma; the second shielding shell 3 is provided with a second feed port corresponding to the second microwave source 8 on the side; the second microwave source 8 is used to input microwaves to the corresponding second feed port to crack the gas molecules input from the first shielding shell 2; the air outlet 5 is used to output the gas in the second shielding shell 3; the cutoff waveguide 6 is used to reduce the microwaves in the second shielding shell 3 from escaping from the air outlet 5. As can be seen from the above structure, the material of the inner wall of the first shielding shell 2 is usually metal, which can reflect microwaves and reduce the escape of microwaves after entering the first shielding shell 2 from the first feed port, so that the microwaves are fully absorbed by the waste solids; the first microwave source 7 can be connected to the corresponding first feed port through a waveguide, for example, a rectangular waveguide is used, or the first microwave source 7 can have its own waveguide and be directly connected to the corresponding first feed port; the waste solids are rapidly cracked in the microwave reaction cavity in the first shielding shell 2, and the microwaves can instantly generate very high temperatures, which is faster and more efficient than traditional incineration cracking.Since the temperature in the microwave reaction chamber in the first shielding shell 2 is very high, the solid waste is placed in an anaerobic environment for anaerobic cracking. The solid waste can be placed in the first shielding shell 2 by opening an openable door. The solid waste is quickly cracked into macromolecular gas and enters the second shielding shell 3 through the cutoff waveguide 4. The cutoff waveguide 4 can reduce the microwaves generated by the first microwave source 7 from entering the second shielding shell 3. The first shielding shell 2 is at the bottom and the second shielding shell 3 is at the top, so that the high-temperature gas can flow upward more easily. The igniter 1 is arranged on the second shielding shell 3 to generate a tip discharge to the inside of the second shielding shell 3 to generate plasma. The material of the inner wall of the second shielding shell 3 is usually metal. , can reflect microwaves, reduce microwaves from escaping from the second feed port into the second shielding shell 3, and make microwaves crack the macromolecular gas again; the second microwave source 8 can be connected to the corresponding second feed port through a waveguide, for example, a rectangular waveguide, or the second microwave source 8 can be provided with a waveguide and directly connected to the corresponding second feed port; the waste solid is quickly cracked into macromolecular gas and enters the second shielding shell 3, and the microwave plasma can further decompose the macromolecular gas, so that the decomposition is more thorough, and it becomes small molecular gas that is easy to handle, avoiding pollution to the environment, and the small molecular gas is discharged from the outlet 5 at the top of the second shielding shell 3, and the cut-off waveguide 6 is used to reduce the microwaves in the second shielding shell 3 from escaping from the outlet 5. The dual effects of microwave cracking and microwave plasma cracking are used to solve the problem that the traditional microwave cracking device is not completely cracked and the emissions are still harmful. The gas generated after microwave cracking will cause severe harm to the atmosphere. A large number of high-speed plasma beams are generated in the second shielding shell 3, and the microwaves are extremely high, which can crack the gas again, greatly reducing the harm of the gas to the environment.

[0024] There are at least two first microwave sources 7; if there is a pair of first feed ports located on both sides of the first shielding shell 2, the positions of the paired first feed ports are staggered and / or the polarization directions of the microwaves input by the paired first feed ports are different, which is used to reduce the mutual coupling of the microwaves input by the paired first feed ports. It can be seen from the above structure that there are at least two first microwave sources 7. When the number is large, the power of the first microwave source 7 can be selected to be smaller to reduce the cost; since there are many first microwave sources 7, it is inevitable that there will be some first feed ports facing each other, so that the microwaves of the two first microwave sources 7 are prone to mutual coupling, so that the microwaves cannot be fully utilized, and may also cause damage to the first microwave source 7; the way to reduce mutual coupling can be to stagger the first feed ports facing each other so that they are not facing each other, or to make the polarization directions of the microwaves with polarization directions different, which can reduce mutual coupling, improve energy utilization, protect the first microwave source 7, and increase the service life of the first microwave source 7.

[0025] The polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the paired first feed ports are orthogonal. It can be seen from the above structure that when the polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the paired first feed ports are orthogonal, the mutual coupling is minimum and the energy utilization rate is also maximum.

[0026] There are at least two second microwave sources 8; if there is a pair of second feed ports located on both sides of the second shielding shell 3, the positions of the paired second feed ports are staggered and / or the polarization directions of the microwaves input by the paired second feed ports are different, which is used to reduce the mutual coupling of the microwaves input by the paired second feed ports. It can be seen from the above structure that there are at least two second microwave sources 8. When the number is large, the power of the second microwave source 8 can be selected to be smaller to reduce the cost; since there are many second microwave sources 8, it is inevitable that there will be some second feed ports facing each other, so that the microwaves of the two second microwave sources 8 are prone to mutual coupling, so that the microwaves cannot be fully utilized, and may also cause damage to the second microwave source 8; the way to reduce mutual coupling can be to stagger the facing second feed ports so that they are not facing each other, or to make the polarization directions of the microwaves with polarization directions different, which can reduce mutual coupling, improve energy utilization, protect the second microwave source 8, and increase the service life of the second microwave source 8.

[0027] The polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the paired second feed ports are orthogonal. It can be seen from the above structure that when the polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the paired second feed ports are orthogonal, the mutual coupling is minimal and the energy utilization rate is also the highest.

[0028] The second shielding shell 3 and the air outlet 5 are connected by a reducing section 11. As can be seen from the above structure, the reducing section 11 is a transition section from the second shielding shell 3 to the air outlet 5, and the inner wall is also made of metal. The reducing section 11 is funnel-shaped, and the rising gas in the second shielding shell 3 can be collected to the air outlet 5 for discharge.

[0029] The second shielding shell 3 is provided with a cutoff waveguide tube 12; the cutoff waveguide tube 12 is provided with a sight glass for observing the reaction situation in the second shielding shell 3. As can be seen from the above structure, the sight glass facilitates the observation of the reaction situation in the second shielding shell 3, and the cutoff waveguide tube 12 reduces the escape of microwaves from the sight glass.

[0030] Embodiment three:

[0031] See attached Figure 2The microwave plasma waste solid cracking device comprises an igniter 1, a first shielding shell 2, a second shielding shell 3, a cutoff waveguide 4, an air outlet 5, a cutoff waveguide 6, at least one first microwave source 7 and at least one second microwave source 8; the interior of the first shielding shell 2 and the interior of the second shielding shell 3 are connected through the cutoff waveguide 4; the first shielding shell 2 is provided with a first feed port corresponding to the first microwave source 7 on the side; the first microwave source 7 is used to input microwaves to the corresponding first feed port to crack the waste solids arranged in the first shielding shell 2; the igniter 1 is arranged on the second shielding shell 3, and is used to generate a tip discharge to the inside of the second shielding shell 3 to generate plasma; the second shielding shell 3 is provided with a second feed port corresponding to the second microwave source 8 on the side; the second microwave source 8 is used to input microwaves to the corresponding second feed port to crack the gas molecules input from the first shielding shell 2; the air outlet 5 is used to output the gas in the second shielding shell 3; the cutoff waveguide 6 is used to reduce the microwaves in the second shielding shell 3 from escaping from the air outlet 5. As can be seen from the above structure, the material of the inner wall of the first shielding shell 2 is usually metal, which can reflect microwaves and reduce the escape of microwaves after entering the first shielding shell 2 from the first feed port, so that the microwaves are fully absorbed by the waste solids; the first microwave source 7 can be connected to the corresponding first feed port through a waveguide, for example, a rectangular waveguide is used, or the first microwave source 7 can have its own waveguide and be directly connected to the corresponding first feed port; the waste solids are rapidly cracked in the microwave reaction cavity in the first shielding shell 2, and the microwaves can instantly generate very high temperatures, which is faster and more efficient than traditional incineration cracking.Since the temperature in the microwave reaction chamber in the first shielding shell 2 is very high, the solid waste is placed in an anaerobic environment for anaerobic cracking. The solid waste can be placed in the first shielding shell 2 by opening an openable door. The solid waste is quickly cracked into macromolecular gas and enters the second shielding shell 3 through the cutoff waveguide 4. The cutoff waveguide 4 can reduce the microwaves generated by the first microwave source 7 from entering the second shielding shell 3. The first shielding shell 2 is at the bottom and the second shielding shell 3 is at the top, so that the high-temperature gas can flow upward more easily. The igniter 1 is arranged on the second shielding shell 3 to generate a tip discharge to the inside of the second shielding shell 3 to generate plasma. The material of the inner wall of the second shielding shell 3 is usually metal. , can reflect microwaves, reduce microwaves from escaping from the second feed port into the second shielding shell 3, and make microwaves crack the macromolecular gas again; the second microwave source 8 can be connected to the corresponding second feed port through a waveguide, for example, a rectangular waveguide, or the second microwave source 8 can be provided with a waveguide and directly connected to the corresponding second feed port; the waste solid is quickly cracked into macromolecular gas and enters the second shielding shell 3, and the microwave plasma can further decompose the macromolecular gas, so that the decomposition is more thorough, and it becomes small molecular gas that is easy to handle, avoiding pollution to the environment, and the small molecular gas is discharged from the outlet 5 at the top of the second shielding shell 3, and the cut-off waveguide 6 is used to reduce the microwaves in the second shielding shell 3 from escaping from the outlet 5. The dual effects of microwave cracking and microwave plasma cracking are used to solve the problem that the traditional microwave cracking device is not completely cracked and the emissions are still harmful. The gas generated after microwave cracking will cause severe harm to the atmosphere. A large number of high-speed plasma beams are generated in the second shielding shell 3, and the microwaves are extremely high, which can crack the gas again, greatly reducing the harm of the gas to the environment.

[0032] There are at least two first microwave sources 7; if there is a pair of first feed ports located on both sides of the first shielding shell 2, the positions of the paired first feed ports are staggered and / or the polarization directions of the microwaves input by the paired first feed ports are different, which is used to reduce the mutual coupling of the microwaves input by the paired first feed ports. It can be seen from the above structure that there are at least two first microwave sources 7. When the number is large, the power of the first microwave source 7 can be selected to be smaller to reduce the cost; since there are many first microwave sources 7, it is inevitable that there will be some first feed ports facing each other, so that the microwaves of the two first microwave sources 7 are prone to mutual coupling, so that the microwaves cannot be fully utilized, and may also cause damage to the first microwave source 7; the way to reduce mutual coupling can be to stagger the first feed ports facing each other so that they are not facing each other, or to make the polarization directions of the microwaves with polarization directions different, which can reduce mutual coupling, improve energy utilization, protect the first microwave source 7, and increase the service life of the first microwave source 7.

[0033] The polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the paired first feed ports are orthogonal. It can be seen from the above structure that when the polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the paired first feed ports are orthogonal, the mutual coupling is minimum and the energy utilization rate is also maximum.

[0034] There are at least two second microwave sources 8; if there is a pair of second feed ports located on both sides of the second shielding shell 3, the positions of the paired second feed ports are staggered and / or the polarization directions of the microwaves input by the paired second feed ports are different, which is used to reduce the mutual coupling of the microwaves input by the paired second feed ports. It can be seen from the above structure that there are at least two second microwave sources 8. When the number is large, the power of the second microwave source 8 can be selected to be smaller to reduce the cost; since there are many second microwave sources 8, it is inevitable that there will be some second feed ports facing each other, so that the microwaves of the two second microwave sources 8 are prone to mutual coupling, so that the microwaves cannot be fully utilized, and may also cause damage to the second microwave source 8; the way to reduce mutual coupling can be to stagger the facing second feed ports so that they are not facing each other, or to make the polarization directions of the microwaves with polarization directions different, which can reduce mutual coupling, improve energy utilization, protect the second microwave source 8, and increase the service life of the second microwave source 8.

[0035] The polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the paired second feed ports are orthogonal. It can be seen from the above structure that when the polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the paired second feed ports are orthogonal, the mutual coupling is minimal and the energy utilization rate is also the highest.

[0036] The second shielding shell 3 and the air outlet 5 are connected by a reducing section 11. As can be seen from the above structure, the reducing section 11 is a transition section from the second shielding shell 3 to the air outlet 5, and the inner wall is also made of metal. The reducing section 11 is funnel-shaped, and the rising gas in the second shielding shell 3 can be collected to the air outlet 5 for discharge.

[0037] The second shielding shell 3 is provided with a cutoff waveguide tube 12; the cutoff waveguide tube 12 is provided with a sight glass for observing the reaction situation in the second shielding shell 3. As can be seen from the above structure, the sight glass facilitates the observation of the reaction situation in the second shielding shell 3, and the cutoff waveguide tube 12 reduces the escape of microwaves from the sight glass.

[0038] It also includes a branch pipe 13 and a valve group; the branch pipe 13 is connected to the cut-off waveguide 4; the valve group is used to select any two of the branch pipe 13, the first shielding shell 2, and the second shielding shell 3 to be connected. From the above structure, it can be seen that the valve group can select the branch pipe 13 to be connected to the first shielding shell 2, and use the microwave decomposition waste solid part of the device alone, and the waste gas is discharged from the branch pipe 13 to other processing equipment; the valve group can select the branch pipe 13 to be connected to the second shielding shell 3, and use the microwave plasma decomposition part of the device alone, and the waste gas is input from the branch pipe 13 to the second shielding shell 3 for microwave plasma decomposition; the valve group can select the first shielding shell 2 and the second shielding shell 3 to be connected, and use the microwave decomposition waste solid part and the microwave plasma decomposition part of the device.

[0039] The valve group includes a first valve 14, a second valve 15 and a third valve 16; the first valve 14 is provided on the branch pipe 13; the second valve 15 and the third valve 16 are provided on the cutoff waveguide 4 on both sides of the connection point between the branch pipe 13 and the cutoff waveguide 4. It can be seen from the above structure that the first valve 14 is opened, the third valve 16 is opened, and the second valve 15 is closed, the branch pipe 13 and the second shielding shell 3 are connected, and the microwave plasma cracking part of the device can be used alone; the first valve 14 is opened, the third valve 16 is closed, and the second valve 15 is opened, the branch pipe 13 and the second shielding shell 3 are connected, and the microwave plasma cracking part of the device is used alone; the first valve 14 is closed, the third valve 16 is opened, and the second valve 15 is opened, the first shielding shell 2 and the second shielding shell 3 are connected, and the microwave cracking waste solid part and the microwave plasma cracking part of the device are used.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microwave plasma waste solid cracking device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an igniter (1), a first shielding shell (2), a second shielding shell (3), a cutoff waveguide tube (4), an air outlet (5), a cutoff waveguide tube (6), at least one first microwave source (7) and at least one second microwave source (8); the interior of the first shielding shell (2) and the interior of the second shielding shell (3) are connected via the cutoff waveguide tube (4); a first feed port corresponding to the first microwave source (7) is provided on the side of the first shielding shell (2); the first microwave source (7) is used to input microwaves to the corresponding first feed port to decompose the waste solids arranged in the first shielding shell (2); the igniter (1) is arranged on the second shielding shell (3) and is used to generate a tip discharge into the interior of the second shielding shell (3) to generate plasma; a second feed port corresponding to the second microwave source (8) is provided on the side of the second shielding shell (3); The microwave source (8) is used to input microwaves to the corresponding second feed port, so as to decompose the gas molecules input from the first shielding shell (2); the gas outlet (5) is used to output the gas in the second shielding shell (3); the cutoff waveguide (6) is used to reduce the microwaves in the second shielding shell (3) from escaping from the gas outlet (5); there are at least two first microwave sources (7); if there is a pair of first feed ports located on both sides of the first shielding shell (2), the positions of the paired first feed ports are staggered and / or the polarization directions of the microwaves input to the paired first feed ports are different, so as to reduce the mutual coupling of the microwaves input to the paired first feed ports; there are at least two second microwave sources (8); if there is a pair of second feed ports located on both sides of the second shielding shell (3), the positions of the paired second feed ports are staggered and / or the polarization directions of the microwaves input to the paired second feed ports are different, so as to reduce the mutual coupling of the microwaves input to the paired second feed ports; The second shielding shell (3) and the air outlet (5) are connected via a diameter-reducing section (11).

2. The microwave plasma waste solid cracking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the pair of first feed ports are orthogonal.

3. The microwave plasma waste solid cracking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polarization directions of the microwaves inputted by the paired second feed ports are orthogonal.

4. The microwave plasma waste solid cracking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cutoff waveguide tube (12) is provided on the second shielding shell (3); and a sight glass is provided on the cutoff waveguide tube (12) for observing the reaction conditions in the second shielding shell (3).

5. The microwave plasma waste solid cracking device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a branch pipe (13) and a valve group; the branch pipe (13) is connected to the cut-off waveguide tube (4); the valve group is used to select any two of the branch pipe (13), the first shielding shell (2), and the second shielding shell (3) to be connected.

6. The microwave plasma waste solid cracking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The valve group comprises a first valve (14), a second valve (15) and a third valve (16); the branch pipe (13) is provided with the first valve (14); the cut-off waveguide tube (4) at both sides of the connection point between the branch pipe (13) and the cut-off waveguide tube (4) are respectively provided with the second valve (15) and the third valve (16).

Images