A lower limb reduction device for lateral position in femoral intramedullary nail surgery

Abstract

The invention discloses a lateral lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery, which comprises a bottom plate, a thigh support block, a calf fixing block, a guide rod and a traction screw rod, wherein the bottom plate is fixed to the side of the operating table and is located in front of the buttocks of a lateral patient, the thigh support block is fixed to the bottom plate and cushioned on the lower part of the patient's upper thigh, the calf fixing block is placed on the bottom plate and assembled into an L shape with the thigh support block, the upper part of the calf fixing block fixes the patient's upper calf, the guide rod and the traction screw rod are parallel to the patient's upper thigh, the guide rod passes through the guide hole on the calf fixing block and is fixedly connected to the thigh support block, the traction screw rod is screwed into the threaded hole on the calf fixing block and is pressed against the thigh support block. The invention reliably tractions the femur of the patient when the patient is in a lateral position with bent legs, and the intramedullary nail can be implanted from the proximal end of the femur or from the distal end, which well solves the traction reduction problem when the intramedullary nail is implanted at the proximal end of the femur.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a lower limb traction and reduction device suitable for femoral intramedullary nail implantation surgery, belonging to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments. Background Art

[0002] Femoral fracture is a common clinical fracture. Due to the strong leg muscles, patients often suffer from shortening deformity due to muscle traction after femoral fracture. It is difficult to reduce, restore and effectively maintain the length during surgery. If anatomical reduction cannot be achieved during surgery, complications such as malformation and poor lower limb alignment may occur after surgery, leading to traumatic arthritis or osteoarthritis, which seriously affects the patient's limb function and quality of life.

[0003] Intramedullary nail fixation is a common treatment for femoral fractures, and intraoperative traction is an important means of reducing femoral fractures and restoring lower limb length. At present, two assistants are generally required to help traction the patient during intramedullary nail implantation. The two assistants hold the proximal and distal ends of the femur to reduce the femur. However, this method often cannot stably maintain fracture reduction and lower limb length, and the reduction effect is not ideal, thus affecting the treatment effect; and the two assistants will occupy the surgeon's space and affect the surgeon's surgical operation.

[0004] The above disadvantages can be overcome by using a traction device to reposition the fractured femur. However, the existing traction device not only occupies the upper space of the patient's lower limbs, affecting the surgical operation, but also requires the patient to lie in a supine position. The intramedullary nail can only be implanted from the distal end of the femur. When the patient's proximal femur is fractured and the intramedullary nail needs to be implanted from the proximal end, the traditional traction device cannot meet the use requirements. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a lower limb repositioning device suitable for proximal femoral intramedullary nail surgery. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lateral position lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery to solve the traction reduction problem when the intramedullary nail is implanted in the proximal femur.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A lateral-lying lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery, comprising a base plate, a thigh support block, a calf fixing block, a guide rod and a traction screw, wherein the base plate is fixed to the side of the operating table and is located in front of the buttocks of a lateral-lying patient, the thigh support block is fixed to the base plate and cushioned on the lower part of the patient's upper thigh, the calf fixing block is placed on the base plate and is assembled into an L shape with the thigh support block, the upper part of the calf fixing block fixes the patient's upper calf, the guide rod and traction screw are parallel to the patient's upper thigh, the guide rod passes through the guide hole on the calf fixing block and is fixedly connected to the thigh support block, and the traction screw is screwed into the threaded hole on the calf fixing block and rests on the thigh support block.

[0008] The above-mentioned lateral-lying lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery, the thigh support block and the base plate are connected by an angle adjustment mechanism, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a positioning shaft, a locking screw and a locking nut, the positioning shaft is fixed to the end of the thigh support block close to the operating bed and inserted into the positioning hole on the base plate, the locking screw passes through the arc-shaped bolt hole on the base plate which is coaxial with the positioning shaft, the upper end of the locking screw is fixedly connected to the end of the thigh support block away from the operating bed, and the lower end cooperates with the locking nut through a thread.

[0009] The above-mentioned lateral lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery is connected between the base plate and the operating table through a flip mechanism. The flip mechanism includes a flip arm and a latch. The flip arm is located at the lower part of the bed plate of the operating table and is perpendicular to the long side of the operating table. One end of the flip arm is rotatably connected to the bed plate of the operating table through a horizontal rotating shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected to the base plate. The latch is fixed on the base plate, and the lock tongue of the latch corresponds to the lock hole arranged on the side of the bed plate of the operating table.

[0010] The above-mentioned lateral-lying lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery has a pelvic support head on the upper part of the end of the thigh support block opposite to the operating table, and a pelvic stop rod corresponding to the front side of the patient's pelvis is provided on the side of the pelvic support head close to the patient's abdomen.

[0011] In the lateral-lying lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery, the upper part of the calf fixing block is provided with at least two calf straps, which are arranged along the length direction of the calf fixing block.

[0012] In the above-mentioned lateral-lying lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery, the upper surfaces of the thigh support block and the calf fixing block are both arc-shaped concave surfaces.

[0013] In the above-mentioned lateral-lying lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery, two guide rods are provided, and the two guide rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the traction wire rod.

[0014] In the above-mentioned lateral-lying lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery, a hand wheel is provided at the end of the traction screw rod.

[0015] In the above-mentioned lateral-lying lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery, the end of the guide rod away from the thigh support block is provided with an anti-slip limit plate corresponding to the calf fixing block.

[0016] In the above-mentioned lateral-lying lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery, the locking nut is a butterfly nut.

[0017] The present invention reliably tractions the femur of a patient when the patient is in a lateral lying position with the legs bent, and the intramedullary nail can be implanted from the proximal end of the femur or the distal end, which well solves the traction and resetting problem when the intramedullary nail is implanted at the proximal end of the femur. Moreover, all parts are not higher than the patient's lower limbs, which does not affect the surgical operation, thereby improving the surgical quality and efficiency. In addition, the present invention also has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, reliable performance, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base plate;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the base plate and the operating table;

[0022] Figure 4 The bottom plate is flipped to the bottom of the operating table;

[0023] Figure 5 This is the bottom view of the thigh support block;

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A top view of

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the use state of the present invention.

[0026] The numbers in the figure are as follows: 1. operating bed, 2. pelvic stop bar, 3. thigh support block, 4. bottom plate, 5. calf strap, 6. calf fixing block, 7. traction screw, 8. guide rod, 9. positioning hole, 10. arc-shaped bolt hole, 11. positioning shaft, 12. pelvic support head, 13. locking screw, 14. locking nut, 15. fracture patient, 16. flip arm, 17. latch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] See also Figure 1 to Figure 7The present invention mainly comprises a thigh support block 3, a bottom plate 4, a calf strap 5, a calf fixing block 6, a traction screw rod 7, a guide rod 8, a positioning shaft 11, a locking screw rod 13, a locking nut 14, a flip arm 16, and a latch 17. The bottom plate 4 is provided with a positioning hole 9 matching the positioning shaft 11 and an arc-shaped bolt hole 10 corresponding to the locking screw rod 13, and the end of the thigh support block 3 close to the patient is provided with a pelvic support head 12 and a pelvic stop rod 2.

[0028] The fracture patient 15 lies on the operating table 1 with the fractured leg located above the normal leg. The bottom plate 4 is arranged on the side of the operating table 1 and in front of the patient's buttocks. The thigh support block 3 and the calf fixing block 6 on the bottom plate 4 are assembled into an L shape. The thigh support block 3 is fixed on the bottom plate 4, and the calf fixing block 6 can slide freely on the bottom plate 4. The patient's lower leg (normal leg) is straightened, and the upper thigh (i.e., the thigh with femoral fracture) is placed on the thigh support block 3. The calf is fixed to the calf fixing block 6 through the calf strap 5. Two guide rods 8 pass through the guide holes on the calf fixing block 6 and are fixed on the thigh support block 3. The traction screw 7 is screwed into the threaded hole on the calf fixing block 6 and pressed against the thigh support block 3. By rotating the traction screw 7 in the forward direction, the calf fixing block 6 can slide along the guide rod 8 in the direction away from the thigh support block 3. The calf fixing block 6 drives the patient's calf to move together, thereby realizing traction of the thigh. During the traction process, the pelvic support head 12 and the pelvic blocking rod 2 on the thigh support block 3 are pressed against the patient's pelvis, positioning the pelvis and preventing it from moving in the direction of the traction force.

[0029] In order to ensure the traction effect, the patient's upper thigh and calf should be perpendicular to each other, and the thigh and torso should also be perpendicular to each other. Therefore, the axes of the thigh support block 3 and the calf fixing block 6 are perpendicular to each other, and the axis of the thigh support block 3 should also be perpendicular to the side of the operating bed 1. However, since some patients are fat, their thighs may not be perpendicular to their trunks. Therefore, the thigh support block 3 of the present invention is connected to the base plate 4 through an angle adjustment mechanism. The angle adjustment mechanism is composed of a positioning shaft 11, a locking screw 13 and a locking nut 14. The positioning shaft 11 is fixed to the end of the thigh support block 3 close to the operating bed 1 and inserted into the positioning hole 9 on the base plate 4. The locking screw 13 passes through the arc-shaped bolt hole 10 on the base plate 4, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the end of the thigh support block 3 away from the operating bed 1, and the lower end is screwed into the locking nut 14. When the thigh support block 3 rotates around the positioning shaft 11, the locking screw 13 can slide in the arc-shaped bolt hole 10. By changing the position of the locking screw 13 in the arc-shaped bolt hole 10, the angle of the thigh support block 3 can be adjusted to adapt to patients of different body shapes. After the angle of the thigh support block 3 is adjusted appropriately, the thigh support block 3 can be locked on the base plate 4 by tightening the locking nut 14.

[0030] In order not to affect other functions of the operating bed 1, the bottom plate 4 is connected to the bed board of the operating bed 1 through a flip mechanism. The flip mechanism includes a flip arm 16 and a latch 17. One end of the flip arm 16 is rotatably connected to the bottom surface of the bed board of the operating bed 1 through a horizontal rotating shaft, and the other end is fixed to the bottom plate 4. When the reset device is not used, the bottom plate 4 and other components installed on the top of the bottom plate 4 can be rotated to the lower part of the bed board of the operating bed 1 (such as Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 ), when the reset device is used, the bottom plate 4 and other components installed on the top thereof are rotated to the high position (as shown in FIG. 1 ). Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , the calf fixing block 6 is positioned by a latch 17. Two latches 17 are provided, which are respectively installed on both sides of the bottom plate 4. When the bottom plate 4 is rotated to the lower part of the bed board of the operating bed 1, an anti-drop limit plate can be provided at the end of the guide rod 8 to prevent the calf fixing block 6 from sliding off.

[0031] The upper surfaces of the calf fixing block 6 and the thigh supporting block 3 are made into arc-shaped concave surfaces, which can improve the stability of the lower limbs and ensure the quality of the operation. The height of the calf fixing block 6 and the thigh supporting block 3 can be adjusted by gaskets to adapt to patients of different body types.

[0032] The method of using the present invention:

[0033] 1. Rotate the device to the high position and position it through the latch 17. Adjust the angle of the thigh support block 3 and tighten the locking nut 14. Adjust the distance between the calf fixing block 6 and the thigh support block 3 so that the patient's thigh and calf are placed on the thigh support block 3 and the calf fixing block 6 respectively.

[0034] 2. Use the calf strap 5 to fix the patient's calf on the calf fixing block 6. The tightness of the calf strap 5 should be appropriate to ensure smooth blood circulation and prevent the patient's calf from moving at will (such as Figure 7 shown);

[0035] 3. Operate the hand wheel at the end of the traction screw 7 to traction the patient's thigh;

[0036] 4. Perform intramedullary nail implantation surgery and implant the intramedullary nail into the femoral medullary cavity from the proximal or distal end of the femur.

[0037] The device can reposition the femur without occupying operating space, is beneficial to improving surgical quality and efficiency, and is suitable for promotion and application in various medical institutions.

Claims

1. A lateral lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery, characterized in that: The structure comprises a base plate (4), a thigh support block (3), a calf fixing block (6), a guide rod (8) and a traction screw rod (7), wherein the base plate (4) is fixed to the side of the operating table (1) and is located in front of the buttocks of a patient in a lateral position, the thigh support block (3) is fixed to the base plate (4) and is cushioned on the lower part of the patient's upper thigh, the calf fixing block (6) is placed on the base plate (4) and is assembled with the thigh support block (3) to form an L shape, the upper part of the calf fixing block (6) fixes the patient's upper calf, the guide rod (8) and the traction screw rod (7) are parallel to the patient's upper thigh, the guide rod (8) passes through the guide hole on the calf fixing block (6) and is fixedly connected to the thigh support block (3), the traction screw rod (7) is screwed into the threaded hole on the calf fixing block (6) and is pressed against the thigh support block (3), and the traction screw rod (7) is rotated forward to make the calf fixing block (6) slide along the guide rod (8) in a direction away from the thigh support block (3); The thigh support block (3) and the base plate (4) are connected via an angle adjustment mechanism, the angle adjustment mechanism comprising a positioning shaft (11), a locking screw (13) and a locking nut (14); the positioning shaft (11) is fixed to one end of the thigh support block (3) close to the operating bed (1) and inserted into a positioning hole on the base plate (4); the locking screw (13) passes through an arc-shaped bolt hole (10) on the base plate (4) which is coaxial with the positioning shaft (11); the upper end of the locking screw (13) is fixedly connected to one end of the thigh support block (3) away from the operating bed (1), and the lower end cooperates with the locking nut (14) via a thread; The bottom plate (4) is connected to the operating bed (1) via a flip mechanism, the flip mechanism comprising a flip arm (16) and a latch (17), the flip arm (16) being located at the bottom of the bed plate of the operating bed (1) and perpendicular to the long side of the operating bed (1), one end of the flip arm (16) being rotatably connected to the bed plate of the operating bed (1) via a horizontal rotating shaft, and the other end being fixedly connected to the bottom plate (4), the latch (17) being fixed to the bottom plate (4), and a lock tongue of the latch (17) corresponding to a lock hole provided on the side of the bed plate of the operating bed (1); A pelvic support head (12) is provided at the upper part of the end of the thigh support block (3) opposite to the operating bed (1), and a pelvic stop rod (2) corresponding to the front side of the patient's pelvis is provided at the side of the pelvic support head (12) close to the patient's abdomen.

2. A lateral lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the calf fixing block (6) is provided with at least two calf binding straps (5), which are arranged along the length direction of the calf fixing block (6).

3. The lateral lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surfaces of the thigh support block (3) and the calf fixing block (6) are both arc-shaped concave surfaces.

4. The lateral lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two guide rods (8) are provided, and the two guide rods (8) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the traction screw rod (7).

5. The lateral lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: A hand wheel is provided at the end of the traction screw rod (7).

6. The lateral lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that: An end of the guide rod (8) away from the thigh support block (3) is provided with an anti-slip limit plate corresponding to the calf fixing block (6).

7. The lateral lower limb reduction device for femoral intramedullary nail surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking nut (14) is a butterfly nut.

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