A fast switch opening and closing operating mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fast switch opening and closing operating mechanism, belonging to the technical field of switch electrical appliances. The present invention comprises a sleeve, a fixed rod, an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod; the sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the upper connecting rod, and the sleeve and the upper connecting rod are both provided with holes extending in the axial direction, the fixed rod passes through the hole, and the position of the fixed rod is fixed, so that the sleeve and the upper connecting rod can both move up and down relative to the fixed rod, the lower connecting rod is provided with a locking rod, and the upper connecting rod is also provided with an active hole extending in the axial direction, and the locking rod is installed on the lower connecting rod through the active hole, so that the upper connecting rod can move up and down relative to the active hole. The present invention has a simple structure and a fast opening speed, solves the problem of rigid collision between the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the opening and closing permanent magnetic mechanism, and in the emergency opening process, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the opening and closing permanent magnetic mechanism are completely independent, and the permanent magnetic mechanism will not affect the opening speed of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, avoiding the bounce caused by the rigid collision, and improving the opening speed of the fast switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of switch electrical appliances, and in particular relates to an opening and closing operating mechanism provided for a fast switch. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of DC system capacity and the continuous improvement of voltage levels, the short-circuit current peak and breaking time indicators of DC circuit breakers are also constantly improving. Although traditional mechanical switches have the advantages of strong load capacity and stable conduction, they have a slow response speed, generally around 5 to 20ms, which cannot meet some requirements that require fast action; power electronic solid-state switches have a fast response speed, but their on-state losses are too large and their withstand voltage is low. The hybrid DC circuit breaker composed of fast mechanical switches and solid-state devices has the advantages of large current capacity, fast shutdown speed, and strong current limiting capability, and has great potential in the field of DC breaking.

[0003] The hybrid DC circuit breaker is composed of the above two types of switches. Under normal working conditions, the operating current is borne by the branch where the mechanical switch is located. When a short circuit occurs, the mechanical switch branch first cuts off the fault current and switches the current to the power electronic branch. The overvoltage and energy generated during the breaking process are limited and absorbed by the energy absorption circuit. The hybrid DC circuit breaker combines the advantages of mechanical switches and solid-state electronic switches, and can achieve fast arc-free short-circuit current breaking, which is the inevitable direction of the development of DC switch technology. Among them, the research on fast mechanical switches is one of the key technologies of hybrid DC circuit breakers.

[0004] Traditional circuit breaker operating mechanisms, such as hydraulic mechanisms and spring mechanisms, have slow response speeds and are difficult to meet the action time requirements of fast mechanical switches in DC circuit breakers. At present, most of the design schemes for fast mechanical switches use dual electromagnetic repulsion mechanisms, which require two repulsion coils and two sets of drive circuits. The mechanisms and drive circuits are large in size and costly, which is not conducive to the miniaturization and intensiveness of circuit breakers. Therefore, most of the fast mechanical switches at this stage are in the theoretical research and prototype stage, and there are no reliable engineering application cases, which seriously affects the development and use of hybrid DC circuit breakers. Some design schemes also use a single electromagnetic repulsion mechanism to achieve opening, and use an electromagnet or a single-coil permanent magnet mechanism as a closing holding mechanism. The electromagnetic repulsion mechanism can quickly reach the thrust peak within tens to hundreds of microseconds, which is much faster than the action time of the electromagnet or permanent magnet mechanism. As a result, when the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is opened, the electromagnet or permanent magnet mechanism still provides the closing holding force, thereby reducing the opening speed of the fast mechanical switch and increasing the opening time. At the same time, it will cause a rigid collision between the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the closing holding mechanism, causing a bouncing phenomenon.

[0005] Chinese patent application 201720539425.9 discloses a piston mechanism of a fast mechanical switch, including a tripping coil, a pull rod, a piston cylinder, a closing coil, a repulsion disk, a slider and a spring, wherein the slider and the spring are both arranged in the piston rod, one end of the spring abuts against the piston cylinder, and the other end abuts against one end of the slider, the repulsion disk is arranged in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder, and the repulsion disk is hingedly connected to the other end of the slider, the pull rod is fixedly connected to the repulsion disk, the tripping coil and the closing coil are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the repulsion disk, and a gap is provided between the tripping coil and the repulsion disk. The utility model integrates an electric repulsion tripping and closing mechanism, and provides a holding force for the mechanical switch to maintain the tripping and closing states, while reducing the mass of the moving contact mechanism and improving the tripping and closing speed. However, the above-mentioned fast switch uses a dual electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, which requires two repulsion coils and two sets of drive circuits. The mechanism and the drive circuit are large in size and high in cost, which is not conducive to the miniaturization and intensification of the circuit breaker. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art and to propose a switch opening and closing operating mechanism with a simple structure and a fast opening speed, and to solve the problem of rigid collision between the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the switch opening and closing permanent magnet mechanism.

[0007] Specifically, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] A fast switch opening and closing operating mechanism comprises a sleeve, a fixed rod, an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod; the sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the upper connecting rod, and holes extending in the axial direction are provided on the sleeve and the upper connecting rod, and the fixed rod passes through the hole. The position of the fixed rod is fixed, so that the sleeve and the upper connecting rod can move up and down relative to the fixed rod, the lower connecting rod is provided with a locking rod, and the upper connecting rod is also provided with a movable hole extending in the axial direction, and the locking rod passes through the movable hole and is installed on the lower connecting rod, so that the upper connecting rod can move up and down relative to the movable hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the hole extending along the axial direction provided on the sleeve is a waist-shaped hole; and the hole extending along the axial direction provided on the upper connecting rod is a clamping arm hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the axial extension length of the waist-shaped hole is smaller than that of the clamping arm hole.

[0011] Furthermore, a clamping arm hole is provided on the upper connecting rod, and a clamping arm is provided inside the upper connecting rod; a spring is installed between the lower part of the clamping arm and the bottom of the upper connecting rod, and when the clamping arm is located at the clamping arm hole, the elastic force of the spring pops the clamping arm out of the clamping arm hole.

[0012] Furthermore, a marble is provided on the upper connecting rod; a locking hole is provided on the sleeve, and when the marble is aligned with the locking hole, it pops out from the locking hole.

[0013] Furthermore, two locking holes are arranged along the axial direction.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper end of the clamping arm is rotatably mounted in the upper connecting rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the spring is a torsion spring, comprising a supporting section and a spring-pressing section, wherein the supporting section is supported at the bottom of the upper connecting rod, and the outer end of the spring-pressing section abuts against the clamping arm and applies an outward thrust to the clamping arm.

[0016] Furthermore, when the upper connecting rod moves upward relative to the sleeve, the upper edge of the clamping arm gradually reaches the lower edge of the sleeve, and the force of the sleeve on the clamping arm causes the clamping arm to rotate, so that the exposed part of the clamping arm is retracted from the clamping arm hole.

[0017] Furthermore, a curved transition surface is provided on one side of the clamping arm close to the sleeve.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] The switch opening and closing operating mechanism has a simple structure and a fast opening speed, solves the problem of rigid collision between the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the switch opening and closing permanent magnet mechanism. During the emergency opening process, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the switch opening and closing permanent magnet mechanism are completely independent, and the permanent magnet mechanism will not affect the opening speed of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, thereby avoiding the bouncing phenomenon caused by rigid collision and improving the opening speed of the fast switch. At the same time, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the permanent magnet mechanism of the present invention can both realize the opening operation, and two sets of completely independent opening mechanisms are provided. Under fault conditions, rapid opening is achieved through the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, and under normal conditions, normal opening is achieved through the permanent magnet mechanism, thereby reducing the number of actions of the permanent magnet mechanism and greatly improving the reliability and service life of the fast switch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the structural front view of the fast switch opening and closing operating mechanism.

[0021] Figure 2 It is an exploded diagram of the rapid switch opening and closing operating mechanism.

[0022] Figure 3 It is the left view of the structure of the fast switch opening and closing operating mechanism.

[0023] Figure 4 This is the main view of the internal assembly of the fast switch opening and closing operating mechanism.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal assembly of the rapid switch opening and closing operating mechanism.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the opening operation under normal working conditions.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the status after the opening operation starts under normal working conditions.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the opening operation completion status under normal working conditions.

[0028] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the closing operation under normal working conditions.

[0029] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the status after the closing operation starts under normal working conditions.

[0030] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the intermediate state of the closing operation under normal working conditions.

[0031] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the closing operation completion status under normal working conditions.

[0032] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the initial state of emergency tripping under fault conditions.

[0033] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the state after the emergency tripping starts under fault conditions.

[0034] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the intermediate state of emergency tripping under fault conditions.

[0035] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the emergency tripping completion status under fault conditions.

[0036] Numbers in the figure: 1-sleeve, 11-waist-shaped hole, 12-upper locking hole, 13-lower locking hole, 2-upper connecting rod, 21-marble, 22-arm hole, 23-movable hole, 3-fixed rod, 4-arm, 5-spring, 6-interlocking rod, 7-lower connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] The specific embodiment structure of the fast switch opening and closing operating mechanism of the present invention is shown in Figure 1-5The operating mechanism mainly includes a sleeve 1, an upper connecting rod 2, a lower connecting rod 7 and a fixed rod 3, wherein the upper connecting rod 2 is connected to the moving contact, the opening and closing holding mechanism and the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism of the fast switch (not shown in the drawings), and the lower connecting rod 7 is connected to the opening and closing permanent magnetic mechanism (not shown in the drawings). Under normal working conditions, the opening and closing permanent magnetic mechanism realizes normal opening and closing operations through the lower connecting rod 7. Under fault conditions, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism realizes rapid opening operation through the upper connecting rod 2.

[0040] The fixed rod 3 is fixed in the entire operating mechanism, and the sleeve 1, the upper connecting rod 2 and the lower connecting rod 7 all move up and down relative to the fixed rod 3. The sleeve 1 is coaxially installed with the upper connecting rod 2, that is, the central axes of the two are on the same straight line, and the inner diameter of the sleeve 1 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the upper connecting rod 2. The sleeve 1 can slide up and down outside the upper connecting rod 2; the left and right sides of the sleeve 1 ( Figure 1 A waist-shaped hole 11 is provided at the lower middle position of the upper connecting rod 2, and an arm hole 22 of the same width but longer than the waist-shaped hole 11 is provided at the corresponding positions on the left and right sides of the upper connecting rod 2. The width of the waist-shaped hole 11 and the arm hole 22 is equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the fixed rod 3. The fixed rod 3 is inserted therein. The waist-shaped hole 11 and the arm hole 22 can limit the displacement of the sleeve 1 and the upper connecting arm 2 relative to the fixed rod 3. When the upper end or lower end of the waist-shaped hole 11 or the upper end of the arm hole 22 contacts the fixed rod 3, the previous movement can no longer be continued. Two locking holes are provided at the upper middle position of the front and rear sides of the sleeve 1, namely, the upper locking hole 12 and the lower locking hole 13. Correspondingly, a marble 21 is provided at the upper part of the front and rear sides of the upper connecting rod 2. When the sleeve 1 slides up and down relative to the upper connecting rod 2, the marble 21 can be freely ejected and retracted in the upper locking hole 12 and the lower locking hole 13. When the marble 21 pops out of the upper locking hole 12 or the lower locking hole 13, the position between the sleeve 1 and the upper connecting rod 2 is locked, and both move upward or downward at the same time. When the marble 21 retracts, the sleeve 1 and the upper connecting rod 2 slide relative to each other. A clamping arm 4 is respectively provided in the lower half of the two clamping arm holes 22, and the clamping arm 4 is installed in the clamping arm hole 22 through a movable shaft in the clamping arm hole 22. Two springs 5 ​​are provided in the cavity between the lower part of the clamping arm 4 and the bottom of the upper connecting rod 2, and the springs 5 ​​can pop the clamping arm 4 out of the clamping arm hole 22 by elastic force. The middle part of the two springs 5 ​​at the bottom of the upper connecting rod 2 is in the shape of a semicircular arc protruding downward, and a waist-shaped movable hole 23 is respectively provided at the position where the arc surface is located on the front and rear sides of the upper connecting rod 2, and an interlocking rod 6 running through the front and back is provided at the corresponding position of the lower connecting rod 7. The interlocking rod 6 passes through the two movable holes 23 and is installed on the lower connecting rod 7, so that the upper connecting rod 2 and the lower connecting rod 7 can move up and down relative to each other, and the upper connecting rod 2 and the lower connecting rod 7 can achieve linkage within a certain range.

[0041] For the opening operation process under normal working conditions, refer to Figure 6-8 .like Figure 6 As shown, the initial position of the quick switch is in the closed state. At this time, the sleeve 1 is in the closed position, the fixed rod 3 is located below the waist-shaped hole 11 of the sleeve 1, and the clamping arm 4 in the upper connecting rod 2 is received in the clamping arm hole 22 due to the constraint of the sleeve 1. The marble 21 is aligned with the upper locking hole 12 in the sleeve 1, and the marble 21 pops out from the upper locking hole 12. The interlocking rod 6 is located below the movable hole 23 on the upper connecting rod 2. After the normal opening operation begins, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the lower connecting rod 7 moves downward, and the interlocking rod 6 drives the upper connecting rod 2 to move downward. As the marble 21 pops out from the upper locking hole 12, when the upper connecting rod 2 moves downward, it drives the sleeve 1 to move downward synchronously until the fixing rod 3 is located above the waist-shaped hole 11 of the sleeve 1. Figure 8 As shown, the lower connecting rod 7 continues to move downward. Since the fixing rod 3 is located above the waist-shaped hole 11 of the sleeve 1, the sleeve 1 cannot continue to move downward, and the marble 21 retracts from the upper locking hole 12 and moves downward with the lower connecting rod 7 until it is aligned with the lower locking hole 13 and pops out from the lower locking hole 13. At this time, the upper connecting rod 2 is in the opening position, and the spring 5 pops out the arm 4 in the arm hole 22. The quick switch completes the normal opening operation and the switch is in the opening state.

[0042] Refer to the closing operation procedure under normal working conditions. Figure 9-12 .like Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, the initial position of the fast switch is in the open state. Fig.10 As shown, after the circuit breaker starts to close, the lower connecting rod 7 moves upward, the interlocking rod 6 moves upward in the movable hole 23 on the upper connecting rod 2, and the lower connecting rod 7 contacts the ejected clamping arm 4. Fig.11 As shown, the lower connecting rod 7 continues to move upward, pushing the ejected clamp arm 4 to move upward. As the marble 21 pops out from the lower locking hole 13, the upper connecting rod 2 moves upward, driving the sleeve 1 to move upward until the lower part of the waist-shaped hole 11 contacts the fixing rod 3. After the lower part of the waist-shaped hole 11 contacts the fixing rod 3, the lower connecting rod 7 stops moving and maintains this position. Fig.12 As shown, the upper connecting rod 2 is pushed by the opening and closing holding mechanism to continue to move upward. Since the lower part of the waist-shaped hole 11 contacts the fixed rod 3, the sleeve 1 cannot continue to move upward. The marble 21 retracts from the lower locking hole 13 and moves upward with the upper connecting rod 2 until it is aligned with the upper locking hole 12 and pops out from the upper locking hole 12. The clamping arm 4 in the upper connecting rod 2 is retracted into the clamping arm hole 22 due to the constraint of the sleeve 1. The interlocking rod 6 is located below the movable hole 23 of the sleeve 1, and the fast switch completes the closing operation and is in the closed state.

[0043] For emergency tripping under fault conditions, see Figure 13-16 .like Fig.13As shown, the initial position of the quick switch is in the closed state. At this time, the sleeve 1 is in the closed position, the fixed rod 3 is located below the waist-shaped hole 11 of the sleeve 1, and the clamping arm 4 in the upper connecting rod 2 is received in the clamping arm hole 22 due to the constraint of the sleeve 1. The marble 21 is aligned with the upper locking hole 12 in the sleeve 1, and the marble 21 pops out from the upper locking hole 12. The interlocking rod 6 is located below the movable hole 23 of the sleeve 1. Fig.14 As shown, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism drives the upper connecting rod 2 to move downward. Since the marble 21 pops out from the upper locking hole 12, when the upper connecting rod 2 moves downward, it drives the sleeve 1 to move downward synchronously until the fixing rod 3 is located above the waist-shaped hole 11 of the sleeve 1. Fig.15 As shown, the upper connecting rod 2 continues to move downward. Since the fixing rod 3 is located above the waist-shaped hole 11 of the sleeve 1, the sleeve 1 cannot continue to move downward. The marble 21 retracts from the upper locking hole 12 and moves downward with the lower connecting rod 7 until it is aligned with the lower locking hole 13 and pops out of the lower locking hole 13. The clamping arm 4 cannot pop out from the clamping arm hole 22 due to the constraint of the lower connecting rod 7. The interlocking rod 6 is located above the movable hole 23 of the sleeve 1. The upper connecting rod 2 is in the open state. During the open process, the upper connecting rod 2 will not produce rigid expansion with the lower connecting rod 7 to avoid bouncing. Fig.16 As shown, the opening and closing permanent magnetic mechanism drives the lower connecting rod 7 to move downward, so that the interlocking rod 6 is located below the movable hole 23 of the sleeve 1, and the rapid switch completes the emergency opening, and the switch is in the opening state.

[0044] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the content defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A fast switch opening and closing operating mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a sleeve (1), a fixing rod (3), an upper connecting rod (2) and a lower connecting rod (7); The sleeve (1) is sleeved on the outside of the upper connecting rod (2); a waist-shaped hole (11) extending in the axial direction is respectively provided at the lower middle position of the left and right sides of the sleeve (1); a clamping arm hole (22) extending in the axial direction with the same width but longer than the waist-shaped hole (11) is also respectively provided at the corresponding position on the left and right sides of the upper connecting rod (2); a clamping arm (4) is respectively provided in the lower half of the two clamping arm holes (22); the fixing rod (3) passes through the waist-shaped hole (11) and the clamping arm hole (22); the position of the fixing rod (3) is fixed, so that the sleeve (1) and the upper connecting rod (2) are connected. The rods (2) can move up and down relative to the fixed rod (3); the lower connecting rod (7) is provided with a locking rod (6); the upper connecting rod (2) is also provided with an axially extending movable hole (23); the locking rod (6) passes through the movable hole (23) and is installed on the lower connecting rod (7), so that the upper connecting rod (2) can move up and down relative to the movable hole (23); a spring (5) is installed between the lower part of the clamping arm (4) and the bottom of the upper connecting rod (2); when the clamping arm (4) is located at the clamping arm hole (22), the elastic force of the spring (5) ejects the clamping arm (4) out of the clamping arm hole (22); When the upper connecting rod (2) moves upward relative to the sleeve (1), the upper edge of the clamping arm (4) gradually reaches the lower edge of the sleeve (1), and the force of the sleeve (1) on the clamping arm (4) causes the clamping arm (4) to rotate, thereby retracting the exposed portion of the clamping arm (4) from the clamping arm hole (22); The upper connecting rod (2) is also provided with a marble (21); the sleeve (1) is provided with a locking hole, and when the marble (21) is aligned with the locking hole, it pops out from the locking hole; The upper connecting rod (2) is connected to the moving contact, the opening and closing holding mechanism and the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism of the fast switch, and the lower connecting rod (7) is connected to the opening and closing permanent magnet mechanism. Under normal working conditions, the opening and closing permanent magnet mechanism realizes normal opening and closing operations through the lower connecting rod (7), and under fault conditions, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism realizes rapid opening operations through the upper connecting rod (2).

2. The fast switch opening and closing operating mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two locking holes are arranged along the axial direction.

3. The fast switch opening and closing operating mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper end of the clamping arm (4) is rotatably mounted inside the upper connecting rod (2).

4. The fast switch opening and closing operating mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spring (5) is a torsion spring, comprising a supporting section and a spring-pressing section, wherein the supporting section is supported at the bottom of the upper connecting rod (2), and the outer end of the spring-pressing section abuts against the clamping arm (4) and applies an outward thrust to the clamping arm (4).

5. The fast switch opening and closing operating mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An arc-shaped transition surface is provided on the side of the clamping arm (4) close to the sleeve (1).

Images