A new type of shock absorber

Abstract

The present invention provides a new shock absorber, belonging to the technical field of shock absorbing equipment. It solves the problem that the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod in the existing shock absorber have a fast resetting speed when they are telescoped in opposite directions, a hard resetting action, and a poor overall shock absorbing effect. When the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod of the new shock absorber are axially relatively compressed, the oil in the main oil chamber flows to the middle oil chamber through the outer oil chamber and the inner oil chamber through the one-way valve; when the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod are axially relatively reset, the oil in the middle oil chamber flows to the main oil chamber through the inner oil chamber and the outer oil chamber through the oil return hole, and a control device is provided on the shock absorber cylinder that can control the amount of oil returned from the oil return hole so that the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod can be reset to damp and absorb energy. The structural design of the present invention is reasonable and simple, the structural design of the control device is relatively stable, and the amount of oil returned from the oil return hole can be effectively controlled. The stepless adjustment device is easy to use, and the adjustment position is relatively accurate, so that the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod can be reset to damp and absorb energy, and the overall shock absorbing effect of the shock absorber is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorbing equipment and relates to a novel shock absorber. Background Art

[0002] Shock absorbers are used to improve driving comfort by absorbing vibrations generated during driving or stopping. Shock absorbers currently on the market, especially those on electric vehicles and motorcycles, are composed of springs and spring rods. When the road conditions are bad or there are emergencies, the springs in the shock absorption system are subjected to increased pressure, which can easily cause damage to the springs.

[0003] For this reason, people often install buffer rubber pads in the springs, and utilize the support and buffering effect of the buffer rubber pads on the springs to reduce the damage of the springs and increase the life of the springs. For this reason, a shock absorber has appeared on the market, such as a high-strength front shock absorber described in Chinese patent number: "201821172301.2", whose specific structure includes a shock absorber cylinder and a shock absorber rod, and the shock absorber rod is axially elastically retractable relative to the shock absorber cylinder, the shock absorber rod is a hollow structure, one end of the shock absorber rod is fixedly provided with a plug, the other end of the shock absorber rod is inserted into the shock absorber cylinder, and a positioning rod is provided between the other end of the shock absorber rod and the shock absorber cylinder to prevent the shock absorber rod from detaching from the shock absorber cylinder, one end of the positioning rod is inserted into the other end of the shock absorber rod and is fixedly connected to the shock absorber rod, the other end of the positioning rod is fixedly connected to the shock absorber cylinder, a spring is provided in the shock absorber rod, one end of the spring elastically rests on the positioning rod, and the other end of the spring elastically rests on the plug, and a sealing device is provided between the inner wall of the shock absorber cylinder and the outer wall of the shock absorber rod to enable the shock absorber rod to slide axially in the shock absorber cylinder in a sealed manner.

[0004] In the above structure, when the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod are axially compressed and matched, the relative compression shock absorption effect of the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod is better, but the shock absorber rod and the shock absorber cylinder reset, telescopic and oil return control device are not arranged between the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod, and the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod have a fast speed of telescopic reset towards each other, and the telescopic reset action is relatively hard, which affects the overall shock absorption effect of the shock absorber; when the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod are telescopically reset towards each other, the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod are telescoped and reset directly through the elasticity of the spring, and long-term cumulative use leads to accelerated spring fatigue and a shorter service life. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and to provide a new shock absorber with a reasonable and simple structural design, which can control the large and small amount of oil return when the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod are reset and retracted, and can use oil pressure to reset the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod to absorb energy and has a good shock absorption effect.

[0006] The objective of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical scheme: a novel shock absorber comprises a shock absorber cylinder and a shock absorber rod, a positioning rod is coaxially fixed in the shock absorber cylinder, the positioning rod and the shock absorber cylinder are radially spaced to form a main oil chamber, a compression shock-absorbing spring is arranged in the main oil chamber, the shock absorber rod is a hollow structure and an inner damping tube is coaxially fixed in the shock absorber rod, the shock absorber rod and the inner damping tube are radially spaced to form an outer oil chamber, one end of the shock absorber cylinder is sleeved on one end of the shock absorber rod, one end of the shock absorber cylinder is fixed with an oil seal which cooperates with the axial sliding seal of the shock absorber rod, when the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod are relatively connected and one end of the positioning rod is passed through one end of the inner damping tube, one end of the positioning rod is fixed with a one-way valve which cooperates with the axial sliding seal of the inner damping tube and the one-way valve makes the inner damping tube form an inner oil chamber, one end of the inner damping tube is fixed with The guide sleeve is matched with the axial sliding seal of the positioning rod, and the guide sleeve and the one-way valve are matched with axial intervals to form a middle oil chamber, a reset buffer spring is arranged in the middle oil chamber, the main oil chamber and the outer oil chamber are connected through the side hole axially arranged on the guide sleeve, the outer oil chamber and the inner oil chamber are connected through the oil through hole radially arranged on the wall of the inner damping tube, the inner oil chamber and the middle oil chamber are connected through the one-way valve, and the one-way valve is also provided with an oil return hole that connects the middle oil chamber and the inner oil chamber. When the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod are axially relatively compressed, the oil in the main oil chamber flows to the middle oil chamber through the outer oil chamber and the inner oil chamber through the one-way valve; when the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod are axially relatively reset, the oil in the middle oil chamber flows through the inner oil chamber and the outer oil chamber to the main oil chamber through the oil return hole, and the shock absorber cylinder is provided with a control device that can control the oil return amount of the oil return hole to reset the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod to absorb damping energy.

[0007] The novel shock absorber is mainly provided with a control device on the shock absorber cylinder, and the control device is used to adjust and control the size of the oil return amount of the oil return hole. The size of the oil return amount of the oil return hole directly affects the effect of the pressure of the oil. When the oil return amount of the oil in the middle oil chamber to the inner oil chamber is reduced by the control device, and the oil flow from the middle oil chamber to the inner oil chamber has a damping effect, that is, the oil pressure of the oil partially offsets the elastic force of the compression shock absorber spring, so that the shock absorber cylinder and the shock absorber rod are slower in the relative telescopic reset speed, the telescopic reset action is softer, and the overall shock absorption effect of the shock absorber is better; when the control device is adjusted to make the oil return amount of the oil return hole at a better position, the fatigue degree of the compression shock absorber spring is slowed down and the service life is long.

[0008] In the above-mentioned novel shock absorber, the one-way valve includes a cylindrical valve seat and a one-way valve disc, the outer end face of the valve seat is provided with an axial boss coaxially arranged, the axial boss is axially fixedly connected to a piston retainer through a nut, the piston retainer has an axially arranged valve hole, the one-way valve disc is sleeved on the axial boss and is located between the valve seat and the piston retainer, the one-way valve disc elastically abuts against the piston retainer and seals on the valve hole of the piston retainer. The piston retainer is mainly composed of an inner ring sleeve and an outer ring sleeve, the valve hole is located between the inner ring sleeve and the outer ring sleeve, the axial boss is provided with an assembly step, the inner end face of the inner ring sleeve is provided with an assembly groove, the assembly groove of the inner ring sleeve and the assembly step of the axial boss are correspondingly assembled to prevent the inner ring sleeve from radially moving on the axial boss, and the assembly structure is stable.

[0009] In the above-mentioned novel shock absorber, the diameter of the valve seat is smaller than the diameter of the piston retainer. When the one-way valve is in the inner damping tube, and the valve seat of the one-way valve is radially spaced and matched with the inner damping tube, the piston retainer of the one-way valve is in close contact with the inner wall of the inner damping tube. The specific structure of the close contact between the piston retainer and the inner wall of the inner damping tube is that the outer wall of the outer ring sleeve is relatively close contact with the inner wall of the inner damping tube.

[0010] In the above-mentioned novel shock absorber, the inner end face of the valve seat has a coaxially arranged connection groove, one end of the positioning rod has a coaxially arranged connection column, the connection column and the connection groove are adapted in size and shape, the outer wall of the connection column is provided with an external thread, the inner wall of the connection groove is provided with an internal thread, the external thread of the connection column and the internal thread of the valve seat are spirally connected to axially connect the valve seat with one end of the positioning rod, and an annular sealing ring is fixedly embedded on the outer wall of the piston retainer, when the piston retainer of the one-way valve and the inner damping tube are slidably matched, and the annular sealing ring seals the inner wall of the inner damping tube. The annular sealing ring is located on the outer wall of the outer ring sleeve, and the annular sealing ring elastically squeezes and seals the inner wall of the inner damping tube to ensure the effectiveness of the seal between the piston retainer and the inner damping tube.

[0011] In the above-mentioned novel shock absorber, the oil return hole includes an oil return hole 1 radially arranged on the valve seat and an oil return hole 2 coaxially arranged on the axial convex column, the diameter of the oil return hole 1 is larger than the diameter of the oil return hole 2, and the oil return hole 1 and the oil return hole 2 are connected in the valve seat. The center line of the oil return hole 1 is relatively perpendicular to the center line of the oil return hole 2. The purpose of such a setting is to control the return oil flow rate through the connection between the oil return hole 1 and the oil return hole 2 in the valve seat, that is, the return oil flow rate of the oil return hole 1 can be controlled, and the return oil flow rate of the oil return hole 2 can also be controlled, which is convenient for setting the control structure.

[0012] In the above-mentioned novel shock absorber, the control device includes a damping rod, the positioning rod is a hollow structure, the damping rod is inserted into the positioning rod and the damping rod and the positioning rod are axially slidably sealed. When the damping rod is axially slid and displaced in the positioning rod, and one end of the damping rod extends out of one end of the positioning rod, the extended end of the damping rod has a supporting structure that either changes the diameter of the return oil hole 1 or blocks the return oil hole 1 or blocks the return oil hole 1 and the return oil hole 2 at the same time. The other end of the damping rod extends out of the other end of the positioning rod, and a stepless adjustment device for axially feeding the damping rod in the positioning rod is provided between the extended end of the other end of the damping rod and the shock absorber cylinder. A rubber ring is embedded on the outer wall of the damping rod, and the elastic abutment between the rubber ring and the inner wall of the positioning rod can make the damping rod and the positioning rod seal and slide relative to each other, so the structure is relatively stable and has a long service life.

[0013] In the above-mentioned novel shock absorber, the abutment structure includes a protruding end of the damping rod having a tapered portion. When the damping rod is axially displaced so that the tapered portion abuts against the opening of the oil return hole 2, and the protruding end of the damping rod corresponds to the oil return hole 1 and the tapered portion corresponds to the oil return hole 2, the oil return hole 1 and the oil return hole 2 are blocked at the same time; when the damping rod is axially displaced so that the tapered portion is adjacent to the opening of the oil return hole 2, and the protruding end of the damping rod corresponds to the oil return hole 1, the oil return hole 1 is blocked; when the damping rod is axially displaced so that the tapered portion is adjacent to the opening of the oil return hole 1, and the protruding end of the damping rod corresponds to the oil return hole 1, the oil return hole 1 is reduced in diameter for flow. The tapered portion is mainly provided to be able to abut against the oil return hole 2 relative to the axial direction, and the outer wall of the rod body of the damping rod can be axially and vertically abutted against the opening of the oil return hole 1, and the rod body of the damping rod can be blocked and adjusted with the opening of the oil return hole 1.

[0014] In the above-mentioned new shock absorber, a blocking aluminum cap is fixedly arranged at the other end of the shock absorber cylinder, and the blocking aluminum cap has a strip assembly hole coaxially penetrating the blocking aluminum cap, and an internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the strip assembly hole, and an external thread is arranged on the outer wall of the other end of the positioning rod, and the positioning rod is spirally fixed on the internal thread of the blocking aluminum cap through the external thread and coaxially distributed in the shock absorber cylinder, and a limiting nut is also spirally arranged on the positioning rod between the positioning rod and the blocking aluminum cap to prevent the positioning rod from being screwed loose on the blocking aluminum cap. The purpose of setting the blocking aluminum cap and the positioning rod through threaded connection is to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the positioning rod and the blocking aluminum cap

[0015] In the above-mentioned novel shock absorber, the stepless adjustment device includes an adjustment cap, the outer end of the sealing aluminum cap has an axial adjustment part, the outer wall of the axial adjustment part is provided with an external thread, the inner wall of the adjustment cap has an internal thread, the internal thread of the adjustment cap and the external thread of the axial adjustment part are spirally matched for axial adjustment, a linkage device for axial feed adjustment of the adjustment cap and the axial adjustment part is provided between the adjustment cap and the axial adjustment part, a coupling adjustment seat is provided in the other end of the strip assembly hole, and one end of the coupling adjustment seat is fixedly connected to the other end of the extended end of the damping rod, and the other end of the coupling adjustment seat is fixedly connected to the adjustment cap by a bolt. The threaded connection between the axial adjustment part and the adjustment cap allows the two to be steplessly adjusted, so that the axial displacement adjustment of the damping rod in the positioning rod is more accurate.

[0016] In the above-mentioned novel shock absorber, the linkage device includes a steel ball, the outer wall of the axial adjustment part has a radially arranged assembly blind hole, the steel ball is located in the assembly blind hole, and a compression spring elastically acting on the steel ball is also arranged in the assembly blind hole. When the adjustment cap and the axial adjustment part are adjusted by axial displacement in a spiral manner, the steel ball abuts against the internal thread of the adjustment cap and jumps on the internal thread. The structure design of the jumping signal by the steel ball abutting against the internal thread of the adjustment cap is relatively stable, the jumping sound signal is relatively obvious, and it is easy to use.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the new shock absorber are: reasonable and simple structural design, relatively stable control device structure design, which can effectively control the amount of oil return from the oil return hole, the stepless adjustment device is easy to use, and the adjustment position is relatively precise, which can reset the shock absorber cylinder and shock absorber rod to absorb energy, resulting in a good overall shock absorption effect of the shock absorber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the novel shock absorber.

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A in the middle.

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B in the middle.

[0021] In the figure, 1. shock-absorbing cylinder; 2. shock-absorbing rod; 3. positioning rod; 4. main oil chamber; 5. compression shock-absorbing spring; 6. inner damping tube; 7. outer oil chamber; 8. oil seal; 9. inner oil chamber; 10. guide sleeve; 11. middle oil chamber; 12. reset buffer spring; 13. side hole; 14. oil through hole; 15. valve seat; 16. one-way valve plate; 17. axial boss; 18. nut; 19. piston retainer; 20. valve hole; 21. connecting column; 22. annular sealing ring; 23. return oil hole 1; 24. return oil hole 2; 25. damping rod; 26. conical part; 27. sealing aluminum cap; 28. limit nut; 29. ​​adjusting cap; 30. axial adjustment part; 31. coupling adjustment seat; 32. steel ball; 33. compression spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the novel shock absorber is mainly composed of a shock absorber cylinder 1 and a shock absorber rod 2. A positioning rod 3 is coaxially fixed in the shock absorber cylinder 1. The positioning rod 3 and the shock absorber cylinder 1 are radially spaced and cooperated to form a main oil chamber 4. A compression shock absorber spring 5 is arranged in the main oil chamber 4. The compression shock absorber spring 5 is sleeved on the positioning rod 3. The function of the compression shock absorber spring 5 is to elastically act on the shock absorber cylinder 1 and the shock absorber rod 2 to make the shock absorber cylinder 1 and the shock absorber rod 2 relatively compressed and shock-absorbed.

[0024] In actual manufacturing, the shock-absorbing rod 2 is a hollow structure and an inner damping tube 6 is coaxially fixed inside the shock-absorbing rod 2. The shock-absorbing rod 2 and the inner damping tube 6 are radially spaced and matched to form an outer oil chamber 7. One end of the shock-absorbing cylinder 1 is sleeved on one end of the shock-absorbing rod 2. One end of the shock-absorbing cylinder 1 is fixed with an oil seal 8 that cooperates with the axial sliding seal of the shock-absorbing rod 2. The oil seal 8 ensures the sealing effectiveness of the axial sliding of the shock-absorbing cylinder 1 and the shock-absorbing rod 2. When the shock-absorbing cylinder 1 and the shock-absorbing rod 2 are relatively connected and one end of the positioning rod 3 is passed through One end of the inner damping tube 6 and one end of the positioning rod 3 are fixedly provided with a one-way valve which cooperates with the inner damping tube 6 in axial sliding sealing, and the one-way valve makes the inner damping tube 6 form an inner oil chamber 9, and one end of the inner damping tube 6 is fixedly provided with a guide sleeve 10 which cooperates with the positioning rod 3 in axial sliding sealing, and the guide sleeve 10 and the one-way valve are axially spaced to cooperate to form a middle oil chamber 11; the oil in the inner oil chamber 9 flows into the middle oil chamber 11 through the one-way valve, and the oil in the inner oil chamber 9 and the oil in the middle oil chamber 11 are closed by the one-way valve.

[0025] In actual manufacturing, the specific structure of the one-way valve is as follows: it is mainly composed of a cylindrical valve seat 15 and a one-way valve disc 16, the outer end face of the valve seat 15 is provided with an axial boss 17 coaxially arranged, the axial boss 17 is axially fixedly connected to a piston retainer 19 through a nut 18, and the piston retainer 19 has an axially arranged valve hole 20, the one-way valve disc 16 is sleeved on the axial boss 17 and is located between the valve seat 15 and the piston retainer 19, the one-way valve disc 16 elastically abuts against the piston retainer 19 and seals on the valve hole 20 of the piston retainer 19; the diameter of the valve seat 15 is smaller than the diameter of the piston retainer 19, when the one-way valve is in the inner damping tube 6, and the valve seat 15 of the one-way valve is radially spaced and matched with the inner damping tube 6, the piston retainer 19 of the one-way valve is in close contact with the inner wall of the inner damping tube 6. In actual design, an annular sealing ring 22 is fixedly embedded on the outer wall of the piston retainer 19 . When the piston retainer 19 of the one-way valve slides with the inner damping tube 6 , the annular sealing ring 22 acts on the inner wall of the inner damping tube 6 for sealing.

[0026] The specific connection method between the positioning rod 3 and the one-way valve is as follows: a coaxially arranged connecting groove is provided on the inner end face of the valve seat 15, and a coaxially arranged connecting column 21 is provided on one end of the positioning rod 3. The size and shape of the connecting column 21 and the connecting groove are adapted. An external thread is provided on the outer wall of the connecting column 21, and an internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the connecting groove. The external thread of the connecting column 21 and the internal thread of the valve seat 15 are spirally connected to fix the valve seat 15 axially to one end of the positioning rod 3.

[0027] A reset buffer spring 12 is arranged in the middle oil cavity 11. The reset buffer spring 12 has the following functions: elastically acting on the shock absorbing cylinder 1 and the shock absorbing rod 2 to make the shock absorbing cylinder 1 and the shock absorbing rod 2 telescope toward each other and reset.

[0028] The main oil chamber 4 and the outer oil chamber 7 are connected through a side hole 13 axially arranged on the guide sleeve 10, the outer oil chamber 7 and the inner oil chamber 9 are connected through an oil hole 14 radially arranged on the wall of the inner damping tube 6, the inner oil chamber 9 and the middle oil chamber 11 are connected through a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is also provided with an oil return hole that connects the middle oil chamber 11 and the inner oil chamber 9. When the shock absorber cylinder 1 and the shock absorber rod 2 are axially relatively compressed, the oil in the main oil chamber 4 flows to the middle oil chamber 11 through the outer oil chamber 7 and the inner oil chamber 9 through the one-way valve; when the shock absorber cylinder 1 and the shock absorber rod 2 are axially relatively reset, the oil in the middle oil chamber 11 flows through the inner oil chamber 9 and the outer oil chamber 7 through the oil return hole to the main oil chamber 4.

[0029] During actual manufacturing, the specific structure of the oil return hole is: it is mainly composed of an oil return hole 23 radially arranged on the valve seat 15 and an oil return hole 24 coaxially arranged on the axial boss 17, the diameter of the oil return hole 23 is larger than the diameter of the oil return hole 24, and the oil return hole 23 and the oil return hole 24 are connected in the valve seat 15.

[0030] The shock absorber cylinder 1 is provided with a control device which can control the amount of oil returned from the return oil hole so that the shock absorber cylinder 1 and the shock absorber rod 2 can reset and absorb damping energy. In actual manufacturing, the specific implementation method of the control device is as follows: it is mainly composed of a damping rod 25, the positioning rod 3 is a hollow structure, the damping rod 25 is passed through the positioning rod 3 and the damping rod 25 and the positioning rod 3 are axially slidably sealed. When the damping rod 25 axially slides and displaces in the positioning rod 3, and one end of the damping rod 25 extends out of one end of the positioning rod 3, the extended end of the damping rod 25 has a supporting structure for either reducing the diameter of the return oil hole 23 or blocking the return oil hole 23 or blocking the return oil hole 23 and the return oil hole 24 at the same time.

[0031] In actual design, the specific implementation of the abutting structure is as follows: one protruding end of the damping rod 25 has a tapered portion 26. When the damping rod 25 is axially displaced so that the tapered portion 26 abuts against the orifice of the oil return hole 24, and the one protruding end of the damping rod 25 corresponds to the oil return hole 1 23, and the tapered portion 26 corresponds to the oil return hole 24, the oil return hole 1 23 and the oil return hole 24 are blocked at the same time; when the damping rod 25 is axially displaced so that the tapered portion 26 is adjacent to the orifice of the oil return hole 24, and the one protruding end of the damping rod 25 corresponds to the oil return hole 1 23, the oil return hole 1 23 is blocked; when the damping rod 25 is axially displaced so that the tapered portion 26 is adjacent to the orifice of the oil return hole 1 23, and the one protruding end portion of the damping rod 25 corresponds to the oil return hole 1 23, the oil return hole 1 23 is reduced in diameter for flow.

[0032] A sealing aluminum cap 27 is fixedly provided at the other end of the shock-absorbing cylinder 1. The sealing aluminum cap 27 has a strip assembly hole coaxially penetrating the sealing aluminum cap 27. An internal thread is provided on the inner wall of one end of the strip assembly hole. An external thread is provided on the outer wall of the other end of the positioning rod 3. The positioning rod 3 is spirally fixed on the internal thread of the sealing aluminum cap 27 through the external thread and is coaxially distributed in the shock-absorbing cylinder 1. A limiting nut 28 is also spirally provided on the positioning rod 3 between the positioning rod 3 and the sealing aluminum cap 27 to prevent the positioning rod 3 from being screwed loose on the sealing aluminum cap 27.

[0033] The other end of the damping rod 25 extends out of the other end of the positioning rod 3, and a stepless adjustment device for axially feeding the damping rod 25 in the positioning rod 3 is arranged between the other end of the damping rod 25 and the shock-absorbing cylinder 1. In actual design, the specific implementation of the stepless adjustment device is as follows: it is mainly composed of an adjustment cap 29, the outer end of the blocking aluminum cap 27 has an axial adjustment portion 30, the outer wall of the axial adjustment portion 30 is provided with an external thread, the inner wall of the adjustment cap 29 has an internal thread, the internal thread of the adjustment cap 29 and the external thread of the axial adjustment portion 30 are spirally matched for axial adjustment, and a linkage device for axially feeding the adjustment cap 29 and the axial adjustment portion 30 is arranged between the adjustment cap 29 and the axial adjustment portion 30, and a coupling adjustment seat 31 is arranged in the other end of the strip assembly hole, and one end of the coupling adjustment seat 31 is fixedly connected to the other end of the damping rod 25, and the other end of the coupling adjustment seat 31 is fixedly connected to the adjustment cap 29 by bolts.

[0034] In actual design, the specific implementation of the linkage device is as follows: it is mainly composed of a steel ball 32, and the outer wall of the axial adjustment part 30 has a radially arranged assembly blind hole, the steel ball 32 is located in the assembly blind hole, and a compression spring 33 elastically acting on the steel ball 32 is also arranged in the assembly blind hole. When the adjusting cap 29 and the axial adjustment part 30 are axially displaced and adjusted in a spiral manner, the steel ball 32 abuts against the internal thread of the adjusting cap 29 and jumps on the internal thread.

[0035] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0036] Although the shock-absorbing cylinder 1, shock-absorbing rod 2, positioning rod 3, main oil chamber 4, compression shock-absorbing spring 5, inner damping tube 6, outer oil chamber 7, oil seal 8, inner oil chamber 9, guide sleeve 10, middle oil chamber 11, reset buffer spring 12, side hole 13, oil through hole 14, valve seat 15, one-way valve plate 16, axial boss 17, nut 18, piston retainer 19, valve hole 20, connecting column 21, annular seal ring 22, oil return hole 1 23, oil return hole 2 24, damping rod 25, conical part 26, blocking aluminum cap 27, limiting nut 28, adjusting cap 29, axial adjusting part 30, coupling adjusting seat 31, steel ball 32, compression spring 33 and other terms are used more frequently in this article, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is only for more convenient description and explanation of the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional restrictions is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel shock absorber, comprising a shock absorber cylinder (1) and a shock absorber rod (2), wherein a positioning rod (3) is coaxially fixedly arranged in the shock absorber cylinder (1), wherein the positioning rod (3) and the shock absorber cylinder (1) are radially spaced and matched to form a main oil chamber (4), wherein a compression shock absorber spring (5) is arranged in the main oil chamber (4), wherein the shock absorber rod (2) is a hollow structure and an inner damping tube (6) is coaxially fixedly arranged in the shock absorber rod (2), wherein the shock absorber rod (2) and the inner damping tube (6) are radially spaced and matched to form an outer oil chamber (7), wherein one end of the shock absorber cylinder (1) is sleeved on one end of the shock absorber rod (2), wherein one end of the shock absorber cylinder (1) is fixedly provided with an oil seal (8) which is axially slidably sealed with the shock absorber rod (2), wherein when the shock absorber cylinder ( 1) and the shock absorber rod (2) are relatively connected and one end of the positioning rod (3) is inserted into one end of the inner damping tube (6), one end of the positioning rod (3) is fixedly provided with a one-way valve that cooperates with the inner damping tube (6) in an axial sliding seal, and the one-way valve enables the inner damping tube (6) to form an inner oil chamber (9), one end of the inner damping tube (6) is fixedly provided with a guide sleeve (10) that cooperates with the positioning rod (3) in an axial sliding seal, and the guide sleeve (10) and the one-way valve cooperate in an axial interval to form a middle oil chamber (11), a return buffer spring (12) is arranged in the middle oil chamber (11), the main oil chamber (4) and the outer oil chamber (7) are connected through a side hole (13) axially arranged on the guide sleeve (10), and the outer oil chamber (7) and the inner The oil chamber (9) is connected via an oil through hole (14) radially arranged on the wall of the inner damping tube (6); the inner oil chamber (9) and the middle oil chamber (11) are connected via a one-way valve; the one-way valve is further provided with an oil return hole for connecting the middle oil chamber (11) and the inner oil chamber (9); when the shock absorber cylinder (1) and the shock absorber rod (2) are axially relatively compressed, the oil in the main oil chamber (4) flows through the outer oil chamber (7) and the inner oil chamber (9) through the one-way valve to the middle oil chamber (11); when the shock absorber cylinder (1) and the shock absorber rod (2) are axially relatively reset, the oil in the middle oil chamber (11) flows through the inner oil chamber (9) and the outer oil chamber (7) to the main oil chamber (4) through the oil return hole; the shock absorber cylinder (1) is provided with a valve capable of controlling the amount of oil returned from the oil return hole so that the shock absorber cylinder (1) can be retracted. A control device for resetting and damping energy absorption of a shock cylinder (1) and a shock absorbing rod (2); the one-way valve comprises a cylindrical valve seat (15) and a one-way valve disc (16); an outer end surface of the valve seat (15) is provided with an axial protrusion (17) coaxially arranged; the axial protrusion (17) is axially fixedly connected to a piston retainer (19) via a nut (18); the piston retainer (19) is provided with an axially arranged valve hole (20); the one-way valve disc (16) is sleeved on the axial protrusion (17) and is located between the valve seat (15) and the piston retainer (19); the one-way valve disc (16) elastically abuts against the piston retainer (19) and acts as a seal on the valve hole (20) of the piston retainer (19);The diameter of the valve seat (15) is smaller than the diameter of the piston retainer (19). When the one-way valve is in the inner damping tube (6), the valve seat (15) of the one-way valve is radially spaced and matched with the inner damping tube (6). The piston retainer (19) of the one-way valve is in close contact with the inner wall of the inner damping tube (6). The inner end surface of the valve seat (15) is provided with a coaxially arranged connecting groove. One end of the positioning rod (3) is provided with a coaxially arranged connecting column (21). The size and shape of the connecting column (21) and the connecting groove are matched. The outer wall of the connecting column (21) is provided with an external thread. The inner wall of the connecting groove is provided with an internal thread, the external thread of the connecting column (21) and the internal thread of the valve seat (15) are spirally connected so that the valve seat (15) is axially fixedly connected to one end of the positioning rod (3), and an annular sealing ring (22) is fixedly embedded on the outer wall of the piston retainer (19). When the piston retainer (19) of the one-way valve and the inner damping tube (6) are slidably matched, the annular sealing ring (22) acts on the inner wall of the inner damping tube (6) in a sealing manner; the reset buffer spring (12) elastically acts on the shock absorbing cylinder (1) and the shock absorbing rod (2) so that the shock absorbing cylinder (1) and the shock absorbing rod (2) are retracted and reset relative to each other. ; 2. A novel shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil return hole comprises an oil return hole 1 (23) radially arranged on the valve seat (15) and an oil return hole 2 (24) coaxially arranged on the axial protrusion (17); the diameter of the oil return hole 1 (23) is larger than the diameter of the oil return hole 2 (24), and the oil return hole 1 (23) and the oil return hole 2 (24) are connected in the valve seat (15).

3. A novel shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control device comprises a damping rod (25), the positioning rod (3) is a hollow structure, the damping rod (25) is inserted into the positioning rod (3) and the damping rod (25) and the positioning rod (3) are axially slidably sealed. When the damping rod (25) axially slides and displaces in the positioning rod (3), and one end of the damping rod (25) extends out of one end of the positioning rod (3), the extended end of the damping rod (25) has a supporting structure for either changing the diameter of the oil return hole (23) or blocking the oil return hole (23) or simultaneously blocking the oil return hole (23) and the oil return hole (24). The other end of the damping rod (25) extends out of the other end of the positioning rod (3), and a stepless adjustment device for axially feeding the damping rod (25) in the positioning rod (3) is provided between the extended end of the other end of the damping rod (25) and the shock-absorbing cylinder (1).

4. A novel shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The abutment structure comprises a protruding end of the damping rod (25) having a tapered portion (26). When the damping rod (25) is axially displaced so that the tapered portion (26) abuts against the opening of the second oil return hole (24), and the protruding end of the damping rod (25) corresponds to the first oil return hole (23) and the tapered portion (26) corresponds to the second oil return hole (24), the first oil return hole (23) and the second oil return hole (24) are blocked at the same time; when the damping rod (25) When the axial displacement causes the tapered portion (26) to be adjacent to the opening of the second oil return hole (24), and the extended end of the damping rod (25) corresponds to the first oil return hole (23), the first oil return hole (23) is blocked; when the axial displacement of the damping rod (25) causes the tapered portion (26) to be adjacent to the opening of the first oil return hole (23), and the extended end of the damping rod (25) corresponds to the first oil return hole (23), the diameter of the first oil return hole (23) is reduced to allow flow.

5. A novel shock absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The other end of the shock-absorbing cylinder (1) is fixedly provided with a blocking aluminum cap (27), and the blocking aluminum cap (27) has a strip-shaped assembly hole coaxially penetrating the blocking aluminum cap (27). An internal thread is provided on the inner wall of one end of the strip-shaped assembly hole, and an external thread is provided on the outer wall of the other end of the positioning rod (3). The positioning rod (3) is screwed on the internal thread of the blocking aluminum cap (27) through the external thread and is coaxially distributed in the shock-absorbing cylinder (1). A limiting nut (28) is also screwed on the positioning rod (3) between the positioning rod (3) and the blocking aluminum cap (27) to prevent the positioning rod (3) from being screwed loose on the blocking aluminum cap (27).

6. A novel shock absorber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stepless adjustment device comprises an adjustment cap (29), the outer end of the sealing aluminum cap (27) has an axial adjustment portion (30), the outer wall of the axial adjustment portion (30) is provided with an external thread, the inner wall of the adjustment cap (29) has an internal thread, the internal thread of the adjustment cap (29) and the external thread of the axial adjustment portion (30) are spirally matched for axial adjustment, a linkage device for axial feed adjustment of the adjustment cap (29) and the axial adjustment portion (30) is provided between the adjustment cap (29) and the axial adjustment portion (30), a coupling adjustment seat (31) is provided in the other end of the strip assembly hole, and one end of the coupling adjustment seat (31) is fixedly connected to the other protruding end of the damping rod (25), and the other end of the coupling adjustment seat (31) is fixedly connected to the adjustment cap (29) by a bolt.

7. A novel shock absorber according to claim 6, characterized in that: The linkage device comprises a steel ball (32), the outer wall of the axial adjustment portion (30) is provided with a radially arranged assembly blind hole, the steel ball (32) is located in the assembly blind hole, and a compression spring (33) is also arranged in the assembly blind hole to elastically act on the steel ball (32). When the adjustment cap (29) and the axial adjustment portion (30) are axially displaced and adjusted in a spiral manner, the steel ball (32) abuts against the internal thread of the adjustment cap (29) and jumps on the internal thread.

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