A railway container flat car lock seat assembly method and assembly tool

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for assembling a lock seat of a railway container flat car and an assembly tool. The method comprises the following steps: installing a lock seat leveling device on a tooling platform for assembling the lock seat, the upper surface of the lock seat leveling device has a horizontal height difference of ≤0.5mm at each location and is parallel to the detection plane of the chassis leveling device, and the upper surface is used as a reference horizontal plane; after the chassis is in place, the horizontal state of the chassis is detected with the reference horizontal plane as the detection reference, and it is determined whether the horizontal state is consistent with the control horizontal state, and if not, the horizontal state of the chassis is adjusted; the height data of the typical characteristics of the chassis is detected with the reference horizontal plane as the detection reference, and it is determined whether the horizontal state of the lock seat installation surface meets the design requirements, and if not, the lock seat installation surface is processed and adjusted, and finally the lock seat is installed on the lock seat installation surface that has passed the test. Using the assembly method of the present invention, the lock seat installation rhythm is two people per shift and three cars, and the qualified rate of the lock seat after assembly is 100%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of railway container flat car assembly, and specifically relates to a railway container flat car lock seat assembly method and assembly tooling. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the national economy and the need for environmental protection, the demand for railway transport container flat cars is increasing. Railway container flat cars are generally equipped with multiple lock seats on the chassis. For example, the PN triple articulated container flat car has a total of 12 lock seats (4 lock seats are set on a single chassis, 2 on each side), which can load two 20-foot containers or one 40-foot container at the same time. The height difference of the bearing surface of the lock seat of the same container is ≤6mm. For some railway container flat cars with higher requirements, the bearing surface of a single lock seat is also required to be 28±3mm relative to the plane on the middle beam.

[0003] The production process of railway container flat cars in the prior art is: chassis assembly, welding - lock seat assembly - chassis welding again - chassis horizontal adjustment and inspection. In the above process, chassis assembly, welding, and lock seat assembly are all completed during the lock seat assembly, and chassis horizontal adjustment and inspection is completed during the chassis horizontal adjustment.

[0004] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The specific steps for assembling the lock seat are as follows:

[0005] (1) Tooling setting: An upper center plate support 60 is set on the lock seat assembly tire tooling platform 10, and the horizontal height difference between the center plate support surfaces of the two upper center plate supports of the bottom frame horizontal tire and the lock seat assembly tire is ≤1mm, and the horizontal error of the center plate support surface of a single upper center plate support is ≤0.5mm.

[0006] (2) Positioning of the chassis: Position the chassis 20 after flip welding on the lock seat assembly tire, and ensure that the upper core plate 23 of the chassis 20 falls on the upper core plate support 60, which serves as the installation reference for the lock seat installation.

[0007] (3) Lock seat installation surface inspection: Place the long flat ruler 30 on the upper plane 221 of the middle beam of the chassis, and place the level ruler 40 on the long flat ruler 30. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a tape measure is used to measure whether the height dimension of the lock seat installation surface 211 and the long ruler 30 meets the design requirements; if not, the lock seat installation surface is ground or welded according to the measured data.

[0008] After grinding or surfacing, repeat step (3) to inspect the lock seat installation surface until it passes the test.

[0009] (4) Lock seat assembly: Install the lock seat 50 on the lock seat installation surface 211 that has passed the inspection.

[0010] The existing lock seat assembly method uses a long flat ruler, a level ruler, and a tape measure to measure and assemble the lock seat, which requires three people to work together. One person visually confirms whether the level ruler is horizontal on the upper part of the chassis, and two people measure the height data of the lock seat installation surface on both sides of the chassis and perform grinding and surfacing. In addition, the horizontal state of the level ruler and the height data of the lock seat installation surface need to be repeatedly confirmed during the operation. The lock seat assembly efficiency is low, and there is a safety hazard of falling for the workers on the upper part of the chassis.

[0011] After the lock seat is assembled by the existing lock seat assembly method, the height difference of the lock seat is measured during the lock seat assembly process and it is qualified. When the chassis is hoisted to the chassis horizontal stage, the height data of the lock seat relative to the plane on the middle beam will have errors, resulting in unqualified inspection. The chassis needs to be adjusted. In serious cases, the lock seat needs to be returned to the lock seat assembly process and reinstalled. The high requirements and low efficiency of lock seat assembly have become the bottleneck restricting the production of railway container flat cars. Summary of the invention

[0012] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a railway container flat car lock seat assembly method and assembly tooling, which solves the problem of relative height difference exceeding the tolerance after the lock seat is assembled, while improving operating efficiency and safety and reducing production costs.

[0013] The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of the present invention is a method for assembling a lock seat of a railway container flat car, wherein two or more lock seats are arranged on the chassis of the railway container flat car, and the lock seats are installed on the lock seat installation position of the chassis, comprising the following steps:

[0014] The chassis is placed in position: the chassis is placed on the lock seat assembly tire; a lock seat leveling device is provided on the tooling platform of the lock seat assembly tire, the horizontal height difference of each part of the upper surface of the lock seat leveling device is ≤0.5mm, and it is parallel to the detection plane of the chassis leveling tire, and the upper surface is used as the reference horizontal plane;

[0015] Chassis detection: using the reference horizontal plane as the detection reference, detecting the horizontal state of the chassis, and judging whether the horizontal state is consistent with the reference horizontal state, the reference horizontal state being the horizontal state of the chassis on the chassis horizontal tire, detected according to the detection plane; if not consistent, adjusting the horizontal state of the chassis;

[0016] Lock seat installation surface detection: using the reference horizontal plane as the detection reference, detecting and adjusting the height data of the typical features of the qualified chassis, and judging whether the horizontal states of the lock seat installation surfaces of more than two lock seat installation positions meet the design requirements according to the height data, if not, the lock seat installation surfaces are processed and adjusted according to the height data;

[0017] Lock seat assembly: Install the lock seat on two or more lock seat installation surfaces that have passed the inspection.

[0018] Furthermore, the lock seat horizontal device includes more than two lock seat horizontal detection plates, and the more than two lock seat horizontal detection plates are installed on the tooling platform at intervals, so that after the base frame is in place, the more than two lock seat horizontal detection plates are distributed on both sides of the base frame, and at least two of the lock seat horizontal detection plates distributed on both sides of the base frame are close to the lock seat installation position.

[0019] Furthermore, before the base frame placement step, a tool setting step is also included, and the tool setting includes:

[0020] At least two lock seat horizontal detection plates are installed at intervals on the tooling platform, and the heights of the upper surfaces of the at least two lock seat horizontal detection plates are detected by a detection device. The installation heights of the at least two lock seat horizontal detection plates are adjusted according to the detection results, so that the upper surfaces of the at least two lock seat horizontal detection plates form a horizontal plane with a horizontal height difference of ≤0.5mm and parallel to the detection plane.

[0021] Furthermore, the tooling setting step further includes:

[0022] The same number of horizontal adjustment supports as the lock seats are installed on the tooling platform, and the positions of two or more of the horizontal adjustment supports are adjusted so that after the base frame is in place, the two or more horizontal adjustment supports are respectively located below the two or more lock seat installation positions.

[0023] Furthermore, an upper center plate support is provided on the tooling platform;

[0024] In the step of placing the chassis in position, placing the chassis in position on the lock seat to assemble the tire includes:

[0025] The chassis is hoisted into the lock seat assembly tire, and the position of the chassis is adjusted to ensure that the upper center plate of the chassis falls on the upper center plate support, and at least two lock seat installation positions fall on at least two horizontal adjustment supports respectively;

[0026] In the chassis detection step, the horizontal state of the chassis is adjusted by the horizontal adjustment support.

[0027] Furthermore, in the lock seat installation surface detection step, the reference horizontal plane is used as the detection reference to detect and adjust the height data of the typical features of the qualified chassis, including:

[0028] A long ruler is arranged on the lock seat horizontal detection plate near the lock seat installation position, the lower surface of the long ruler is in close contact with the reference horizontal plane, and the lower surface of the long ruler is used as the detection reference to detect the height data of the typical features of the chassis relative to the lower surface of the long ruler;

[0029] The typical features include more than two lock seat mounting surfaces and / or the upper plane of the middle beam of the chassis.

[0030] Furthermore, in the lock seat installation surface detection step, judging whether the horizontal states of the lock seat installation surfaces of more than two lock seat installation positions meet the design requirements according to the height data includes:

[0031] The horizontal height difference between two or more lock seat installation surfaces and / or the horizontal height difference between two or more lock seat installation surfaces and the upper plane of the center beam is obtained according to the height data to determine whether the horizontal height difference meets the design requirements.

[0032] Furthermore, in the chassis detection step, the horizontal state of the chassis is detected by taking the reference horizontal plane as the detection reference, and judging whether the horizontal state is consistent with the reference horizontal state, including:

[0033] Selecting more than two calibration points on the base frame, wherein the more than two calibration points are spaced apart and distributed on both sides of the base frame;

[0034] Taking the reference horizontal plane as the detection reference, the horizontal height difference of more than two calibration points is detected, and the detected data is compared with the horizontal height difference of more than two calibration points obtained by the frame on the frame horizontal tire according to the detection plane to determine whether the two horizontal height differences are consistent.

[0035] Furthermore, in the chassis detection step, more than two calibration points are selected on the chassis, including:

[0036] One lock seat installation position is selected on each side of the base frame as the calibration point, and among the two selected lock seat installation positions, one is close to one end of the base frame, and the other is close to the other end of the base frame.

[0037] Furthermore, in the lock seat installation surface detection step, the lock seat installation surface is processed and adjusted according to the height data, including:

[0038] The lock seat mounting surface is ground or built-up welded according to the height data, and then the lock seat mounting surface detection step is repeated until the horizontal states of more than two lock seat mounting surfaces meet the design requirements.

[0039] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides an assembly tool for implementing the above-mentioned railway container flat car lock seat assembly method, including the tooling platform, on which a lock seat horizontal device is arranged, the horizontal height difference at each point on the upper surface of the lock seat horizontal device is ≤0.5mm, and the upper surface is parallel to the detection plane of the frame horizontal tire, the upper surface constitutes the reference horizontal plane for the frame detection step and the lock seat installation surface detection step, and the area between the tooling platform and the lock seat horizontal device constitutes a lock seat assembly area for placing the frame and assembling the lock seat.

[0040] Preferably, the lock seat leveling device comprises more than two lock seat leveling detection plates, and the horizontal height difference between the upper surfaces of the more than two lock seat leveling detection plates is ≤0.5mm;

[0041] More than two lock seat horizontal detection plates are installed at intervals so that after the base frame is in place, more than two lock seat horizontal detection plates are distributed on both sides of the base frame, and at least two lock seat horizontal detection plates distributed on both sides of the base frame are close to the lock seat installation position.

[0042] Preferably, the lock seat leveling device is provided with a long ruler, and the long ruler is placed on at least two lock seat leveling detection plates close to the lock seat installation position, and the lower surface of the long ruler is in close contact with the upper surface of the lock seat leveling detection plate.

[0043] Preferably, the tooling platform is further provided with two or more horizontal adjustment supports, the two or more horizontal adjustment supports are spaced apart, and when the base frame is in place, the two or more horizontal adjustment supports are respectively located below the two or more lock seat installation positions.

[0044] Preferably, an upper core plate support is provided on the tooling platform, and when the base frame is in place, the upper core plate of the base frame falls on the upper core plate support.

[0045] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the railway container flat car lock seat assembly method provided by the present invention installs a lock seat horizontal device on the tooling platform of the lock seat assembly tire, the horizontal height difference of each place on the upper surface of the lock seat horizontal device is ≤0.5mm, and it is parallel to the detection plane of the chassis horizontal tire, and the upper surface of the lock seat horizontal device is used as the reference horizontal plane for subsequent chassis detection and lock seat installation surface detection, thereby realizing the reference plane conversion from the chassis horizontal tire to the lock seat assembly tire.

[0046] Research has found that the existing technology has a phenomenon that the height difference of the lock seat is qualified when the lock seat is assembled, but the measurement of the horizontal tire on the vehicle is unqualified when it is hoisted to the chassis. This is mainly because the measurement benchmarks of the lock seat assembly tire, the core plate bearing surface, and the chassis horizontal tire are difficult to maintain consistency, resulting in a large measurement error between the chassis on the two tire membranes (lock seat assembly tire and chassis horizontal tire). For example, the lateral (chassis width direction) center distance of the two lock seats is 2260mm, and the upper core plate support width is 350mm. In theory, the horizontal measurement error of the same chassis on the two tire molds can reach 2260 / 350*1mm=6.5mm (where "1" is the theoretical maximum horizontal error of the upper core plate support surface of the two tire molds), which has exceeded the height difference allowed by the technical requirements.

[0047] In the method for assembling the lock seat of a railway container flat car provided by the present invention, in the chassis detection step, the horizontal state of the chassis is detected with the reference horizontal plane as the detection reference, and the horizontal state of the chassis is adjusted according to the detection data, and the horizontal state of the chassis in the lock seat assembly tire is adjusted to be consistent with the horizontal state of the chassis in the chassis horizontal tire. At this time, the horizontal state of the chassis is determined by relying on the reference horizontal plane determined by the lock seat horizontal device (the prior art is determined by relying on the upper center plate support, and the upper center plate support serves as both a support and an assembly reference), and the reference horizontal plane can cover the entire chassis, realizing the horizontal state recovery of the chassis from the chassis horizontal tire to the lock seat assembly tire, thereby eliminating the relative horizontal height difference after the lock seat is assembled.

[0048] In the railway container flat car lock seat assembly method provided by the present invention, the lock seat installation surface detection step also uses the reference horizontal plane as the detection reference. Since the reference horizontal plane has good flatness and is parallel to the detection plane of the frame horizontal tire (parallelism ≤ 0.5mm), and the lock seat installation surface detection step is performed on the frame that has been restored to a horizontal state, the lock seat assembly tire is qualified after the lock seat is installed, and it is also qualified when transferred to the frame horizontal tire for detection, which greatly improves the product qualification rate, and the detection qualification rate can reach 100%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the prior art lock seat when assembled;

[0050] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view of

[0051] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the implementation of the railway container flat car lock assembly method in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Side view of.

[0053] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 10-tooling platform; 20-base frame, 21-lock seat installation position, 22-middle beam, 221-upper plane of the middle beam, 23-upper center plate; 30-long flat ruler; 40-horizontal ruler; 50-lock seat; 60-upper center plate support; 70-lock seat horizontal device, 71-lock seat horizontal detection plate; 80-horizontal adjustment support; 90-reference horizontal plane; 100-lock seat assembly area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to enable technicians in the technical field to which the present application belongs to understand the present application more clearly, the technical solution of the present application is described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Embodiment 1:

[0056] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for assembling a lock seat of a railway container flat car, which is applicable to various types of railway container flat cars. More than two lock seats are arranged on the chassis of the railway container flat car, and the lock seats are installed on the lock seat installation positions of the chassis. The lock seats are generally arranged in pairs, that is, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the chassis (the two sides of the chassis are the two sides with the chassis center beam as the axis, specifically referring to the two long sides of the chassis; the corresponding two ends of the chassis refer to the two axial ends, that is, the two short sides of the chassis), and a locking device for fixing the container is installed on the lock seat.

[0057] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 The railway container flat car lock seat assembly method comprises the following steps:

[0058] S1. Tooling settings:

[0059] Install the lock seat horizontal device 70 on the tooling platform 10 for assembling the lock seat tire, and adjust the lock seat horizontal device 70 so that the horizontal height difference at each location on the upper surface of the lock seat horizontal device 70 is ≤0.5mm and is parallel to the detection plane of the frame horizontal tire, and use the upper surface as the reference horizontal plane 90 for the lock seat assembly.

[0060] Specifically, in this embodiment, the lock seat horizontal device 70 includes more than two lock seat horizontal detection plates 71, and the lock seat horizontal detection plates 71 are installed on the tooling platform 10 by bolts. In actual operation, waste gas channel steel, angle steel or steel plate can be used and welded into a door-type structure or a T-type structure. The installation height of the lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 on the tooling platform 10 is adjustable.

[0061] In the above tooling setting step, the lock seat leveling device 70 is installed on the tooling platform 10, and the lock seat leveling device 70 is adjusted so that the horizontal height difference of each part of the upper surface of the lock seat leveling device 70 is ≤0.5mm and is parallel to the detection plane of the frame horizontal tire, which specifically includes:

[0062] More than two lock seat horizontal detection plates 71 are installed at intervals on the tooling platform 10, so that after the base frame 20 is in place, more than two lock seat horizontal detection plates 71 are distributed on both sides of the base frame 20, and at least two lock seat horizontal detection plates 71 distributed on both sides of the base frame 20 are close to the lock seat installation position 21 to ensure smooth detection.

[0063] The lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 on one side of the base frame can be set to be the same length as the base frame, or it can be set to be a plurality of short sections distributed at intervals. Since the length of the base frame is generally long (more than 10m), and the lock seat 50 is generally distributed in the middle part of the base frame, in order to reduce the use of steel, in this embodiment, at least three lock seat horizontal detection plates 71 are set on both sides of the base frame, and the three lock seat horizontal detection plates 71 are respectively distributed at both ends of one side of the base frame and where the lock seat is located in the middle, such as Figure 3 As shown, the length of the lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 located in the middle is sufficient to cover the installation positions of each lock seat.

[0064] During the installation of the lock seat horizontal detection plate 71, it is necessary to detect the height of the upper surface of each lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 by a level meter or other detection device that can detect the horizontality, and obtain the horizontal height difference between the upper surfaces of each lock seat horizontal detection plate 71. According to the detection result, the installation height of each lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 is adjusted so that the upper surface of each lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 forms a horizontal plane with a horizontal height difference of ≤0.5mm and parallel to the detection plane. If the length of a single lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 is long, it is also necessary to ensure that the horizontal height difference at each point on the upper surface of the single lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 is ≤0.5mm during the installation process.

[0065] Since the subsequent process needs to adjust the horizontal state of the chassis, for convenient and accurate adjustment, the height of the chassis is adjusted by the horizontal adjustment support 80 in this embodiment. The installation step of the horizontal adjustment support 80 is also completed in the tooling setting step. Since the inspection object of the qualified assembly of the lock seat is the height difference of the lock seat installation surface, in this embodiment, each horizontal adjustment support 80 is installed according to the lock seat distribution structure of the chassis to be tested.

[0066] Specifically, the same number of horizontal adjustment supports 80 as the number of lock seats are installed on the tooling platform 10 for assembling the lock seats, and the positions of more than two horizontal adjustment supports 80 are adjusted to be consistent with the lock seat distribution structure of the chassis to be tested.

[0067] S2, chassis placement: the chassis 20 is placed on the lock seat to assemble the tire.

[0068] The tooling platform 10 retains the upper center plate support 60. After the base frame 20 is hoisted into the lock seat for assembly, the position of the base frame 20 is adjusted to ensure that the upper center plate 23 of the base frame 20 falls on the upper center plate support 60. At this time, the upper center plate support 60 only plays a supporting role and does not serve as a reference for the installation of the lock seat. When the upper center plate 23 falls into place, more than two lock seat installation positions 21 fall on more than two horizontal adjustment supports 80 respectively.

[0069] S3, chassis detection: Using the reference horizontal plane 90 as the detection reference, detect the horizontal state of the chassis 20, and determine whether the detected horizontal state is consistent with the reference horizontal state. If not, adjust the horizontal state of the chassis 20. The reference horizontal state is the horizontal state of the chassis 20 on the chassis horizontal tire, which is obtained by the detection of the detection plane.

[0070] Specifically, after the chassis is flip-welded and before the lock seat is assembled, the chassis 20 is first hoisted into the chassis level tire for inspection. The purpose of this operation is to determine the horizontal state of the chassis 20 on the chassis level tire. Due to different workstations, this operation can be performed simultaneously with the tooling setting in step S1.

[0071] The horizontal state of the chassis is characterized by the horizontal height difference of different parts of the chassis. Specifically, in the present embodiment, more than two calibration points are selected on the chassis, and the more than two calibration points are distributed at intervals and distributed on both sides of the chassis 20. Preferably, the lock seat installation positions on both sides of the chassis are used as calibration points. In a preferred embodiment, a lock seat installation position 21 is selected on each side of the chassis 20 as a calibration point. Among the two selected lock seat installation positions 21, one is close to one end of the chassis 20, and the other is close to the other end of the chassis 20, that is, the two selected lock seat installation positions 21 should be staggered. The two lock seat installation positions 21 located on both sides of the chassis and staggered as calibration points can completely cover all the main functional areas of the chassis and minimize the detection error.

[0072] Detect the horizontal state of the chassis 20, that is, detect the horizontal height difference of more than two calibration points. When the horizontal tire of the chassis is on the detection plane as the reference horizontal plane, the horizontal height of the detected calibration point is marked on the corresponding calibration point, and the horizontal height difference of more than two calibration points is recorded. After the chassis is hoisted into the lock seat for assembly, the reference horizontal plane 90 is used as the detection reference, the horizontal height of more than two calibration points is detected, and the horizontal height difference of more than two calibration points is recorded. By judging whether the two horizontal height differences are consistent, it can be determined whether the horizontal state of the chassis on the lock seat assembly tire is consistent with the horizontal state of the chassis on the chassis horizontal tire.

[0073] If they are not consistent, the horizontal state of the chassis 20 needs to be adjusted until they are consistent. Specifically, the height of each lock seat installation position of the chassis is adjusted by the horizontal adjustment support 80, so that the horizontal state of the calibration point is consistent with that when the chassis is horizontal. Figure 4 The horizontal adjustment support 80 can be a cylinder, a jack, etc., and the current state should be maintained after the adjustment is completed until the lock seat is installed.

[0074] S4. Detection of the lock seat installation surface 211: Taking the reference horizontal plane 90 as the detection reference, detect and adjust the height data of the typical characteristics of the qualified chassis 20, and judge whether the horizontal state of the lock seat installation surface 211 of more than two lock seat installation positions 21 meets the design requirements based on the height data. If not, the lock seat installation surface 211 is processed and adjusted based on the height data.

[0075] Since the reference horizontal plane 90 is a virtual horizontal plane, the virtual horizontal plane needs to be visualized in the actual detection step. Specifically, in the present embodiment, a long straight ruler 30 is provided on two lock seat horizontal detection plates 71 close to the lock seat mounting position 21, and the lower surface of the long straight ruler 30 is in close contact with the upper surface of the lock seat horizontal detection plate 71, and the lower surface of the long straight ruler 30 also serves as the reference horizontal plane 90.

[0076] The lower surface of the long straight ruler 30 is used as the detection reference to detect the height data of the typical features of the chassis 20 relative to the lower surface of the long straight ruler; the specific items included in the typical features depend on the design requirements of the chassis. For example, during the inspection, it is required that the horizontal height difference between the mounting surfaces of the four lock seats of the chassis does not exceed the set value, and the typical features only include the mounting surfaces 211 of each lock seat. For another example, during the inspection, it is required that the horizontal height difference between the mounting surfaces of the four lock seats of the chassis does not exceed the set value, and the distance between the mounting surface 211 of the lock seat and the upper plane 221 of the middle beam is within the set range, then the typical features should also include the upper plane 221 of the middle beam of the chassis 20.

[0077] The height difference between the two or more lock seat installation surfaces 211 and / or the height difference between the two or more lock seat installation surfaces 211 and the upper plane 221 of the middle beam is obtained according to the detected height data to determine whether the height difference meets the design requirements. Since the reference horizontal plane formed by the lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 is stable and highly accurate, a level ruler is no longer required for the lock seat assembly.

[0078] If the above design requirements are met, the lock seat 50 can be directly installed. If the design requirements are not met, the lock seat installation surface 211 is processed and adjusted according to the detected height data. In actual operation, the lock seat 50 can be placed on each lock seat installation position 21 in advance, and the distance between the upper surface (lock seat bearing surface) of the lock seat 50 and the lower surface of the long flat ruler 30 is detected during the detection. The lock seat 50 has been measured and polished in advance, and the thickness is uniform and uniform, and has good surface quality. The detected data plus the thickness of the lock seat 50 is the height of the lock seat installation surface 211.

[0079] When the test is qualified, the lock seat 50 can be directly connected to the lock seat mounting surface 211, such as Figure 4 If the test fails, the lock seat 50 is removed, the lock seat mounting surface 211 is ground or welded, and step S3 is repeated after processing until the horizontal state of more than two lock seat mounting surfaces 211 meets the design requirements.

[0080] S5, lock seat assembly: install the lock seat 50 on two or more lock seat installation surfaces 211 that have passed the inspection.

[0081] Embodiment 2:

[0082] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides an assembly tool, which is used to implement the railway container flat car lock seat assembly method of the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

[0083] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 The assembly tooling includes a tooling platform 10, which is a steel structure, and can directly adopt the existing steel structure tooling for assembling tires with a lock seat. The existing steel structure tooling for assembling tires with a lock seat is provided with an upper core plate support 60. When the base frame 20 is in place, the upper core plate 23 of the base frame 20 falls on the upper core plate support 60. Since the steel structure tooling and the upper core plate support 60 only play the role of supporting the base frame, the present embodiment does not limit the flatness of the steel structure tooling and the upper core plate support 60.

[0084] A lock seat horizontal device 70 and more than two horizontal adjustment supports 80 are provided on the tooling platform 10. The horizontal height difference of each place on the upper surface of the lock seat horizontal device 70 is ≤0.5mm, and the upper surface is parallel to the detection plane of the chassis horizontal tire. The upper surface constitutes a reference horizontal plane 90 for the chassis detection step and the lock seat installation surface 211 detection step. The area between the tooling platform 10 and the lock seat horizontal device 70 constitutes a lock seat assembly area 100 for placing the chassis 20 and assembling the lock seat. The upper surface of the lock seat horizontal device 70 constitutes the reference horizontal plane 90 of the lock seat assembly area 100.

[0085] Specifically, in this embodiment, the lock seat leveling device 70 includes more than two lock seat leveling detection plates 71, and the horizontal height difference of the upper surfaces of the more than two lock seat leveling detection plates 71 is ≤0.5mm. The more than two lock seat leveling detection plates 71 are installed at intervals, so that after the base frame 20 is in place, the more than two lock seat leveling detection plates 71 are distributed on both sides of the base frame 20, and at least two lock seat leveling detection plates 71 distributed on both sides of the base frame 20 are close to the lock seat installation position 21.

[0086] Specifically, in this embodiment, the lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 is a steel structure, which is installed on the tooling platform 10 by bolts. In actual operation, waste gas channel steel, angle steel or steel plate can be used and welded into a door-type structure or a T-type structure. The installation height of the lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 on the tooling platform 10 is adjustable.

[0087] The lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 on one side of the base frame can be set to be the same length as the base frame, or it can be set to be a plurality of short sections distributed at intervals. Since the length of the base frame is generally long (more than 10m), and the lock seat 50 is generally distributed in the middle part of the base frame, in order to reduce the use of steel, in this embodiment, at least three lock seat horizontal detection plates 71 are set on both sides of the base frame, and the three lock seat horizontal detection plates 71 are respectively distributed at both ends of one side of the base frame and where the lock seat is located in the middle, such as Figure 3 As shown, the length of the lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 located in the middle is sufficient to cover the installation positions of each lock seat.

[0088] During the installation of the lock seat horizontal detection plate 71, it is necessary to detect the height of the upper surface of each lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 by a level meter or other detection device that can detect the horizontality, and obtain the horizontal height difference between the upper surfaces of each lock seat horizontal detection plate 71. According to the detection result, the installation height of each lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 is adjusted so that the upper surface of each lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 forms a horizontal plane with a horizontal height difference of ≤0.5mm and parallel to the detection plane. If the length of a single lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 is long, it is also necessary to ensure that the horizontal height difference at each point on the upper surface of the single lock seat horizontal detection plate 71 is ≤0.5mm during the installation process.

[0089] The number of horizontal adjustment supports 80 and the distribution structure on the tooling platform 10 are consistent with the lock seat of the base frame, that is, more than two horizontal adjustment supports 80 are distributed at intervals according to the distribution structure of the lock seat on the base frame, so that when the base frame 20 is in place, more than two horizontal adjustment supports 80 can be respectively located under more than two lock seat installation positions 21. The horizontal adjustment support 80 is a retractable device, which can be selected from a cylinder, a jack, etc. After adjustment, the current state should be maintained until the lock seat is installed.

[0090] Since the reference horizontal plane 90 formed by more than two lock seat horizontal detection plates 71 is a virtual horizontal plane, the virtual horizontal plane needs to be visualized in actual detection. Specifically, in this embodiment, a long ruler is provided on the lock seat leveling device 70, and the long ruler is set on at least two lock seat horizontal detection plates 71 near the lock seat installation position 21, and the lower surface of the long ruler is closely attached to the upper surface of the lock seat horizontal detection plate 71, and the lower surface of the long ruler 30 is also used as the reference horizontal plane 90.

[0091] Through the above embodiments, the present invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:

[0092] 1) The railway container flat car lock seat assembly method provided by the present invention is used for railway container flat car lock seat assembly operations, which can avoid frequent horizontal state measurements during the lock seat assembly process, reduce the number of operators, and the lock seat installation is changed from three people per shift and two cars to two people per shift and three cars, thereby improving production efficiency. Through the railway container flat car lock seat assembly method provided by the present invention, the railway container flat car lock seat assembly work can be completed safely, with high quality, high efficiency, and low cost. The qualified rate of the lock seat after assembly is 100%, thereby improving product quality.

[0093] 2) The railway container flat car lock seat assembly tool provided by the present invention is provided with a lock seat leveling device on the tooling platform of the lock seat assembly tire. The upper surface of the lock seat leveling device has a horizontal height difference of ≤0.5mm at each location and is parallel to the detection plane of the chassis level tire. The upper surface of the lock seat leveling device can be used as a reference horizontal plane for chassis detection and lock seat installation surface detection, thereby realizing the reference plane conversion from the chassis level tire to the lock seat assembly tire. Since the reference horizontal plane formed by the lock seat leveling device is stable and highly accurate, a level ruler is no longer required for the lock seat assembly.

[0094] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

[0095] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make more than two modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for assembling a lock seat of a railway container flat car, wherein two or more lock seats are provided on the chassis of the railway container flat car, and the lock seats are installed on the lock seat installation position of the chassis, characterized in that: The steps include: Chassis placement: The chassis is placed on the lock seat assembly tire; a lock seat leveling device is provided on the tooling platform for the lock seat assembly tire, and the height difference of each point on the upper surface of the lock seat leveling device is ≤0.5mm, and the upper surface is parallel to the detection plane of the chassis leveling tire, and the upper surface is used as the reference horizontal plane; Chassis detection: Using the reference horizontal plane as the detection reference, the horizontal state of the chassis is detected, and whether the horizontal state is consistent with the reference horizontal state, the reference horizontal state being the horizontal state of the chassis on the chassis level tire, as detected by the detection plane; If not, adjusting the horizontal state of the chassis; Lock seat mounting surface detection: Using the reference horizontal plane as the detection reference, detect the height data of the typical features of the chassis that have been adjusted and qualified, and determine whether the horizontal conditions of the lock seat mounting surfaces of two or more lock seat mounting positions meet the design requirements based on the height data. If not, the lock seat mounting surfaces are processed and adjusted based on the height data; the typical features include the two or more lock seat mounting surfaces and / or the upper plane of the center beam of the chassis; Lock seat assembly: Install the lock seat on two or more lock seat mounting surfaces that have passed the inspection; The lock seat leveling device includes two or more lock seat leveling detection plates, which are installed on the tooling platform at intervals so that after the base frame is in place, the two or more lock seat leveling detection plates are distributed on both sides of the base frame, and at least two of the lock seat leveling detection plates distributed on both sides of the base frame are close to the lock seat installation position; Before the base frame placement step, a tool setting step is also included, and the tool setting includes: At least two lock seat horizontal detection plates are installed at intervals on the tooling platform, and the heights of the upper surfaces of the at least two lock seat horizontal detection plates are detected by a detection device. The installation heights of the at least two lock seat horizontal detection plates are adjusted according to the detection results so that the upper surfaces of the at least two lock seat horizontal detection plates form a horizontal plane with a horizontal height difference of ≤0.5mm and parallel to the detection plane.

2. The method for assembling a railway container flat car lock seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling setting step also includes: Install the same number of horizontal adjustment supports as the lock seats on the tooling platform, and adjust the positions of more than two horizontal adjustment supports so that after the base frame is in place, the more than two horizontal adjustment supports are respectively located below the more than two lock seat installation positions.

3. The method for assembling a railway container flat car lock seat according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tooling platform is provided with an upper center plate support; In the step of placing the chassis in position, placing the chassis in position on the lock seat to assemble the tire includes: The chassis is hoisted into the lock seat assembly tire, and the position of the chassis is adjusted to ensure that the upper center plate of the chassis falls on the upper center plate support, and at least two lock seat installation positions fall on at least two horizontal adjustment supports respectively; In the chassis detection step, the horizontal state of the chassis is adjusted by the horizontal adjustment support.

4. The method for assembling a railway container flat car lock seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the lock seat installation surface detection step, the height data of the typical features of the qualified chassis are detected and adjusted with the reference horizontal plane as the detection reference, including: A straightedge is set on the lock seat horizontal detection plate near the lock seat installation position, and the lower surface of the straightedge is in close contact with the reference horizontal plane. The lower surface of the straightedge is used as the detection reference to detect the height data of the typical features of the chassis relative to the lower surface of the straightedge.

5. The method for assembling a railway container flat car lock seat according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the lock seat installation surface detection step, judging whether the horizontal states of the lock seat installation surfaces of two or more lock seat installation positions meet the design requirements based on the height data includes: The horizontal height difference between the two or more lock seat mounting surfaces and / or the horizontal height difference between the two or more lock seat mounting surfaces and the upper plane of the center beam is obtained according to the height data, and it is determined whether the horizontal height difference meets the design requirements.

6. The method for assembling a railway container flat car lock seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the chassis detection step, the horizontal state of the chassis is detected using the reference horizontal plane as the detection reference, and whether the horizontal state is consistent with the reference horizontal state is determined, including: Selecting two or more calibration points on the chassis, wherein the two or more calibration points are spaced apart and distributed on both sides of the chassis; Taking the reference horizontal plane as the detection reference, detect the horizontal height difference of more than two calibration points, and compare the detected data with the horizontal height difference of more than two calibration points obtained by the chassis on the chassis horizontal tire according to the detection plane to determine whether the two horizontal height differences are consistent.

7. The method for assembling a railway container flat car lock seat according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the chassis detection step, selecting two or more calibration points on the chassis includes: One lock seat installation position is selected on each side of the base frame as the calibration point. Among the two selected lock seat installation positions, one is close to one end of the base frame and the other is close to the other end of the base frame.

8. The method for assembling a railway container flat car lock seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the lock seat installation surface detection step, the lock seat installation surface is processed and adjusted according to the height data, including: The lock seat mounting surface is ground or built-up welded according to the height data, and then the lock seat mounting surface detection step is repeated until the horizontal states of more than two lock seat mounting surfaces meet the design requirements.

9. An assembly tool for implementing the railway container flat car lock seat assembly method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the tool platform, characterized in that: A lock seat horizontal device is provided on the tooling platform, and the horizontal height difference of each part of the upper surface of the lock seat horizontal device is ≤0.5mm, and the upper surface is parallel to the detection plane of the chassis horizontal tire. The upper surface constitutes the reference horizontal plane for the chassis detection step and the lock seat installation surface detection step. The area between the tooling platform and the lock seat horizontal device constitutes a lock seat assembly area for placing the chassis and assembling the lock seat.

10. The assembly tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lock seat leveling device includes two or more lock seat leveling detection plates, and the horizontal height difference between the upper surfaces of the two or more lock seat leveling detection plates is ≤0.5mm; More than two lock seat horizontal detection plates are installed at intervals so that after the base frame is in place, more than two lock seat horizontal detection plates are distributed on both sides of the base frame, and at least two lock seat horizontal detection plates distributed on both sides of the base frame are close to the lock seat installation position.

11. The assembly tool according to claim 10, wherein: The lock seat leveling device is provided with a long straight ruler, which is placed on at least two lock seat level detection plates close to the lock seat installation position, and the lower surface of the long straight ruler is in close contact with the upper surface of the lock seat level detection plate.

12. The assembly tool according to claim 9, wherein: The tooling platform is also provided with more than two horizontal adjustment supports, which are spaced apart, and when the base frame is in place, the more than two horizontal adjustment supports are respectively located below the more than two lock seat installation positions.

13. The assembly tool according to claim 9, wherein: An upper core plate support is provided on the tooling platform. When the base frame is in place, the upper core plate of the base frame falls on the upper core plate support.

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