A multifunctional sediment starting water tank device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical fields of geotechnical engineering, hydraulic engineering, hydraulics and river dynamics, and more particularly to a multifunctional sediment starting water tank device, which is composed of a water tank system, a water supply system and a water return system. The water tank system includes a water tank with a hollow square structure, a water inlet connected to the water supply system and arranged on the front end wall of the water tank, a thin-walled weir, a soil container arranged on the bottom plate of the middle part of the water tank, a tail gate, and a water outlet connected to the water return system and arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the water tank. The thin-walled weir is arranged between the soil container and the front end wall of the water tank, the width of the thin-walled weir is the same as the internal width of the water tank, and the top of the thin-walled weir overflows; the bottom of the soil container is provided with a lifting device for driving it to move in the vertical direction. The present invention can adjust the slope, water depth, flow rate and flow state of the water tank, and realizes and improves the measurement of the starting flow rate of soil bodies such as non-cohesive soil, cohesive soil and tailings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of multi-disciplinary cross-technology such as geotechnical engineering, water conservancy engineering, hydraulics and river dynamics, and in particular to a multifunctional sediment starting water tank device. Background Art

[0002] Whether it is the siltation and scouring of riverbeds upstream and downstream of reservoirs, the evolution and regulation of river channels, the transport of sediment in channels, the scouring and deformation of estuaries and coasts, or the design of drainage and irrigation canals and soil and water conservation, the scouring of revetments and engineering stability, all need to be based on sediment initiation. Sediment initiation velocity is an extremely important basic issue in the study of riverbed evolution and sediment movement in the field of river dynamics. This invention includes a starting velocity test device to achieve the measurement of the starting velocity of soils such as non-cohesive soil, cohesive soil and tailings.

[0003] It is not easy to measure the sediment start-up velocity in the laboratory. Due to multiple factors, the measured start-up velocity is likely to be inaccurate. The difficulties of the experiment include: it is difficult to control the uniform flow state of the water flow, and it often takes a lot of water and time to achieve a stable flow rate and water depth; when the water depth is very shallow, it is difficult to calculate the start-up velocity of the water flow on the sediment; there is a vague understanding of the definition of sediment start-up, so more soil design is needed to conduct a more in-depth quantitative study of the sediment start-up problem; the start-up of sediment has a certain relationship with the water flow slope.

[0004] In addition to the direct flume scouring test, there is also an indirect test method that uses the relevant calculation formula to reversely calculate the starting flow rate based on the stable state of water flow scouring sediment. The indirect test method of starting flow rate requires the construction of a model dam of a certain size in the flume. In addition, the improved hydraulic flume dam break test can be used to study the engineering prevention and control measures of sediment or earth-rock dam bodies. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a multifunctional sediment starting water tank device that can measure the starting flow rate of soil bodies such as non-cohesive soil, cohesive soil and tailings; while being able to quantitatively control the flushing water volume, it can also realize the circulation of clean water and save water resources.

[0006] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention discloses a multifunctional sediment starting water tank device, which is composed of a water tank system, a water supply system and a water return system. The water tank system comprises a water tank with a hollow square structure, a water inlet arranged on the front end wall of the water tank and connected to the water supply system, a thin-walled weir, a soil container arranged in the middle of the water tank, a tail gate, and a water outlet arranged on the rear end wall of the water tank and connected to the water return system. The thin-walled weir is arranged between the soil container and the front end wall of the water tank, the width of the thin-walled weir is the same as the internal width of the water tank, and the top of the thin-walled weir overflows; the soil container is a hollow cylindrical structure with an open top, and a lifting device for driving it to move in a vertical direction is arranged at the bottom; the water supply system The system includes a water tank, a water supply pipe and a return pipe connected to the inner cavity of the water tank, the water supply pipe is connected to the water inlet, and the water supply pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve and a flow meter; the return system includes a square return tank, a partition arranged in the middle of the return tank for dividing the inner cavity of the return tank into a filter chamber and a sedimentation chamber, a connecting pipe connected to the water outlet is provided above the sedimentation chamber, a sewage outlet is provided below the sedimentation chamber, and a connecting pipe for connecting the filter chamber and the sedimentation chamber is provided on the partition; a filtering system with the same cross-section is provided in the filter chamber, and the highest point of the filtering system is lower than the lowest point of the connecting pipe; a return port for connecting with the return pipe is provided below the filter chamber.

[0008] The lifting device includes a sleeve that is sleeved on the outside of the soil container and slides therewith, a cylindrical fixing block and a screw rod arranged at the bottom of the soil container, a rotating shaft threadedly connected to the bottom end of the screw rod, and a cylindrical limiting block connected to the top end, the fixing block is axially provided with a through hole for the screw rod to pass through, and a limiting hole for sleeved on the limiting block is provided on the top, the limiting hole is communicated with the through hole, and the bottom end wall of the sleeve is axially provided with a threaded hole that matches the external external thread of the screw rod.

[0009] The end of the bottom steel beam of the water tank is hinged to the top of the water tank rotating seat below it, and the top of the front end wall of the water tank is connected to the water tank lifting mechanism used to increase the slope of the water tank.

[0010] The water tank lifting mechanism includes a fixed seat, two brackets arranged on the fixed seat, a second rotating shaft arranged between the tops of the brackets, a rotating wheel and a hinge. The axis of the rotating wheel is provided with an axial hole for the second rotating shaft to pass through. The hinge is sleeved on the outside of the rotating wheel, one end of which is connected to the front end top of the water tank, and the other end is connected to the force-applying device.

[0011] The side wall of the water tank is made of transparent tempered glass.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] 1. The present invention can adjust the slope, water depth, flow rate and flow state of the water flume, realize and improve the measurement of the starting flow rate of soil bodies such as non-cohesive soil, cohesive soil and tailings; the device of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, short test cycle, small amount of test materials, low test cost, etc., and the water flume system, return water system and water supply system form a closed-loop water use system, which saves water resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water return system in the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting device in the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water tank lifting mechanism in the present invention.

[0018] In the figure, 1 is a water inlet, 2 is a thin-walled weir, 3 is a soil container, 4 is a water tank, 5 is a tail gate, 6 is a water outlet, 7 is a lifting device, 71 is a sleeve, 72 is a fixed block, 73 is a screw rod, 74 is a rotating shaft, 75 is a limit block, 76 is a threaded hole, 8 is a steel beam, 9 is a water tank lifting mechanism, 91 is a fixed seat, 92 is a bracket, 93 is a second rotating shaft, 94 is a rotating wheel, 95 is a hinge, 10 is a water tank, 11 is a water supply pipe, 12 is a return pipe, 20 is a return tank, 21 is a filter chamber, 22 is a sedimentation chamber, 23 is a partition, 24 is a connecting pipe, 25 is a sewage outlet, 26 is a connecting pipe, 27 is a filtering system, 28 is a return outlet, and 30 is a water tank rotating seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0020] See also Figure 1-4 .

[0021] The present invention discloses a multifunctional sediment starting water tank device, which is composed of a water tank system, a water supply system and a water return system. The water tank system includes a water tank 4 with a hollow square structure, a water inlet 1 arranged on the front end wall of the water tank 4 and connected to the water supply system, a thin-walled weir 2, a soil container 3 arranged in the middle of the water tank 4, a tail gate 5, and a water outlet 6 arranged on the rear end wall of the water tank 4 and connected to the water return system. The thin-walled weir 2 is arranged between the soil container 3 and the front end wall of the water tank 4. The width of the thin-walled weir 2 is the same as the internal width of the water tank 4, and the top of the thin-walled weir 2 is overflowed, which is used to control the water level and flow in the water tank 4. The flow rate at the water inlet 1 of the water tank 4 can be reduced, so that the overall flow rate is uniform, and the water tank inflow can be compared by the thin-walled weir formula. In this embodiment, the water tank 4 is a miniaturized water tank, which has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, short test cycle, reduced test material consumption, and thus can reduce engineering cost.

[0022] A lifting device 7 is provided at the bottom of the soil container 3 for driving the soil container 3 to move in a vertical direction. The lifting device 7 is used to adjust the height of the soil container 3 according to different test requirements.

[0023] The water supply system includes a water tank 10, a water supply pipe 11 and a return pipe 12 connected to the inner cavity of the water tank 10. The water supply pipe 11 is connected to the water inlet 1. The water supply pipe 11 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 16 and a flow meter 17, which are used to control the amount of water inlet into the water tank system to avoid test errors caused by uneven flow rate. In this embodiment, the water tank 10 adopts a stainless steel vertical water tank for test water supply adjustment and storage tank, which has the advantages of high degree of manufacturing standardization, flexible manufacturing, and no pollution to water quality. It solves the defects of traditional water tanks, such as difficulty in manufacturing and installation, poor anti-corrosion effect, short service life, easy leakage of assembled water tanks, and easy aging of rubber strips. Stainless steel has stable physical and chemical properties, no pollution to water quality, and ensures clean and hygienic water quality. The water tank has high strength, light weight, neat appearance, beautiful and elegant appearance, excellent corrosion resistance, good sealing performance, strong impact resistance, and strong seismic performance.

[0024] The water return system includes a square water return tank 20, a partition 23 arranged in the middle of the water return tank 20 for dividing the inner cavity of the water return tank 20 into a filter cavity 21 and a sedimentation cavity 22, a connecting pipe 24 connected to the water outlet 6 is arranged above the sedimentation cavity 22, a sewage outlet 25 is arranged below the sedimentation cavity 22, and a connecting pipe 26 for connecting the filter cavity 21 and the sedimentation cavity 22 is arranged on the partition 23; a filtering system 27 with the same cross section as the filtering cavity 21 is arranged in the filtering cavity 21, and the filtering system The highest point of 27 is lower than the lowest point of the connecting pipe 26; a return water port 28 for connecting with the return water pipe 12 is provided below the filter chamber 21. During normal use, the clean water and sediment in the sedimentation chamber 22 are naturally separated, and the sediment can be discharged by periodically opening the valve on the sewage outlet 22 at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber 22. At the same time, the clean water in the sedimentation chamber 22 flows into the filter chamber 21 through the connecting pipe 26, is filtered by the filtration system 27, and then flows back to the water tank 10 through the return water port 28 and the return water pipe 12, and circulates and refluxes to save water resources.

[0025] The lifting device 7 includes a sleeve 71 which is sleeved on the outside of the soil container 3 and slides therewith, a cylindrical fixing block 72 and a screw rod 73 arranged at the bottom of the soil container 3, a rotating shaft 74 which is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the screw rod 73, and a cylindrical limiting block 75 which is connected to the top end. The fixing block 72 is axially provided with a through hole for the screw rod 73 to pass through, and a limiting hole is provided on the top of the fixing block 72 for sleeved with the limiting block 75, and the limiting hole is communicated with the through hole. The bottom end wall of the sleeve 71 is axially provided with a threaded hole 76 which matches the external external thread of the screw rod 73. When the height of the soil container 3 needs to be adjusted, the rotating shaft 74 is rotated to drive the screw rod 73 to rotate. Since the external thread of the screw rod 73 matches the internal thread of the threaded hole 76, when rotating, the end of the screw rod 73 is driven to move along its axial direction, thereby driving the soil container 3 to move along the axial direction of the screw rod 73.

[0026] The end of the bottom steel beam 8 of the water trough 4 is hinged to the top of the water trough rotating seat 30 below it, and the top of the front end wall of the water trough 4 and the water trough lifting mechanism 9 used to increase the slope of the water trough 4 can adjust the slope of the water trough 4 according to experimental requirements to study the starting conditions of sediment under different slopes, and can comprehensively adjust the water intake and the closing condition of the tailgate to adjust the water flow speed, depth and flow state in the water trough.

[0027] The water tank lifting mechanism 9 includes a fixed seat 91, two brackets 92 arranged on the fixed seat 91, a second rotating shaft 93 arranged between the tops of the brackets 92, a rotating wheel 94 and a hinge 95. The axis of the rotating wheel 94 is provided with an axial hole for the second rotating shaft 93 to pass through. The hinge 95 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating wheel 94, one end of which is connected to the front end top of the water tank 4, and the other end is connected to a force-applying device. In this embodiment, the force-applying device is a driving motor that drives the take-up wheel to rotate, applies a pulling force to one end of the hinge 95, and the other end of the hinge 95 drives the water tank 4 connected thereto to move in a clockwise direction.

[0028] The side wall of the water tank 4 is made of transparent tempered glass, which is convenient for observing the test process. At the same time, the tempered glass has high strength and is not easy to be damaged.

[0029] In addition, this device needs to be combined with a non-disturbance observation device for relevant scientific research; the non-disturbance observation device includes a series of imaging observation equipment, such as non-contact flow velocity / flow field observation equipment and CCD cameras, etc. By converting optical images into charge signals, image storage, processing and display are achieved; according to the image resolution, pixel pitch, etc., the image is transmitted back to the computer and processed using software such as Matlab to obtain information such as displacement, velocity and deformation of water and soil in the water tank.

[0030] Embodiment 1: The water tank 4 is 7000 mm long, 200 mm wide and 300 mm high. A soil container 3 for holding the sample soil is arranged in the middle of the water tank 4, and the inner diameter of the soil container 3 is 10 cm; the lower bottom plate of the soil container 3 can be adjusted by the lifting device 7, and the adjustable depth is 0-5 cm; the water tank lifting mechanism 9 is used to control the slope of the water tank 4 (0-15º) to realize the sediment scouring test under different slopes; the water supply system has a capacity of 4 cubic meters and adopts a large stainless steel water storage tank, and the pipeline water supply capacity is 0-15 L / s; the volume of the return water tank is 1000×1000×600 mm, the flow rate of the water adding self-priming pump is 0-25 cubic meters per hour, and the head is 15 m; the device invention can realize the measurement of the starting flow rate of the soil in conjunction with the water depth ruler and the non-contact flow rate / flow field observation equipment.

[0031] Direct method for sediment starting: place sediment or clay soil sample in soil dish 3, make the upper surface of soil sample flush with the bottom plane of water tank; close tail gate 5 of water tank 4, open water supply system to slowly add water into water tank and make soil sample reach a certain predetermined water depth without flushing; increase water inlet flow rate and slowly open tail gate 5, make the surface velocity of water flow slowly increase while the water depth of soil sample is kept constant; observe the amount of soil sample flushed away when soil reaches equilibrium under the action of constant flow of certain set surface velocity, and calculate the starting velocity of soil sample according to the set starting state definition; use water tank lifting mechanism 9 to change the slope of water tank in advance (0-15º), and then repeat the above process, so as to realize flushing of some soil with large starting velocity; at the same time, the starting characteristics of soil under different slopes can also be studied.

[0032] Indirect method for soil starting: adjust the bottom plate of the soil container 3 to be flush with the bottom surface of the water tank 4, and then build a section of dam with a relatively gentle slope in the middle of the water tank 4; close the tail gate 5 of the water tank 4, open the water supply system to slowly add water to the water tank 4 and make the soil sample reach a certain predetermined water depth without being scoured; increase the water flow rate and slowly open the tail gate 5, so that the surface velocity of the water flow slowly increases and stabilizes at a certain constant value while the water depth of the soil sample remains constant; under the scouring action of this constant surface velocity, the top of the earth dam is scoured to a certain extent and then reaches stability, record the surface velocity and the depth from the top of the earth dam to the water surface at this time, and then use the theoretical formula to back-calculate the starting velocity of the soil; use the water tank lifting mechanism 9 to pre-change the slope of the water tank 4 (0-15º), and then repeat the above process, so that the scouring of some soils with a large starting velocity can be achieved; at the same time, the starting characteristics of soils under different slopes can also be studied.

[0033] Dam-break scour test: adjust the bottom plate of the soil dish 3 to be flush with the bottom surface of the water tank 4, and then build the target model dam body at the front end of the water tank 4; adjust the appropriate closing degree of the tail gate 5 of the water tank 4 according to the downstream drainage capacity of the dam body, and use the electromagnetic valve 16 and the flow meter 17 to set the upstream flood characteristics of the dam-break test; in addition, cooperate with the water depth scale, data observation device and non-contact flow velocity / flow field observation equipment to measure the physical quantities such as flow velocity, flow rate, dam body deformation, dam body destruction process, downstream submergence depth and sediment burial depth during the dam-break process; use the water tank lifting mechanism 9 to change the slope of the water tank in advance (0-15º), and then repeat the above process, so as to realize the study of dam-break characteristics and disaster prevention and mitigation measures under different slopes.

[0034] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional sediment starting water tank device, consisting of a water tank system, a water supply system and a water return system, characterized in that: The water tank system comprises a water tank (4) with a hollow square structure, a water inlet (1) arranged on the front end wall of the water tank (4) and connected to the water supply system, a thin-walled weir (2), a soil container (3) arranged in the middle of the water tank (4), a tail gate (5), and a water outlet (6) arranged at the bottom of the rear end of the water tank (4) and connected to the water return system, wherein the thin-walled weir (2) is arranged between the soil container (3) and the front end wall of the water tank (4), the width of the thin-walled weir (2) is the same as the internal width of the water tank (4), and the top of the thin-walled weir (2) is overflowed; The soil container (3) is a hollow cylindrical structure with an open top, and a lifting device (7) is provided at its bottom for driving it to move in a vertical direction; The water supply system comprises a water tank (10), a water supply pipe (11) and a water return pipe (12) connected to the inner cavity of the water tank (10); the water supply pipe (11) is connected to the water inlet (1); and an electromagnetic valve (16) and a flow meter are provided on the water supply pipe (11); The return water system comprises a square return water tank (20), a partition (23) arranged in the middle of the return water tank (20) for dividing the inner cavity of the return water tank (20) into a filter cavity (21) and a sedimentation cavity (22); a connecting pipe (24) communicating with the water outlet (6) is arranged above the sedimentation cavity (22); a sewage outlet (25) is arranged below the sedimentation cavity (22); a connecting pipe (26) for connecting the filter cavity (21) and the sedimentation cavity (22) is arranged on the partition (23); a filter system (27) having the same cross section as the filter cavity (21) is arranged inside the filter cavity (21); the highest point of the filter system (27) is lower than the lowest point of the connecting pipe (26); a return water port (24) for communicating with the return water pipe (12) is arranged below the filter cavity (21); 28); the end of the bottom steel beam (8) of the water tank (4) is hinged to the top of the water tank rotating seat (30) below it, and the top of the front end wall of the water tank (4) is connected to a water tank lifting mechanism (9) for improving the slope of the water tank (4); the water tank lifting mechanism (9) includes a fixed seat (91), two brackets (92) arranged on the fixed seat (91), a second rotating shaft (93) arranged between the tops of the brackets (92), a rotating wheel (94) and a hinge (95), the axis of the rotating wheel (94) is provided with an axial hole for the second rotating shaft (93) to pass through, the hinge (95) is sleeved on the outside of the rotating wheel (94), one end of which is connected to the front end top of the water tank (4), and the other end is connected to the force applying device, and the water tank (10) adopts a stainless steel vertical water tank.

2. A multifunctional sediment starting water tank device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device (7) comprises a sleeve (71) which is sleeved on the outside of the soil container (3) and slides therewith, a cylindrical fixing block (72) arranged at the bottom of the soil container (3), and a screw rod (73). The bottom end of the screw rod (73) is threadedly connected to a rotating shaft (74), and the top end is connected to a cylindrical limiting block (75). The fixing block (72) is axially provided with a through hole for the screw rod (73) to pass through, and the top end is provided with a limiting hole for sleeved the limiting block (75), and the limiting hole is communicated with the through hole. The bottom end wall of the sleeve (71) is axially provided with a threaded hole (76) which matches the external external thread of the screw rod (73).

3. A multifunctional sediment starting water tank device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the water tank (4) is made of transparent tempered glass.

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