An improved device for preventing shield steel sleeve from deformation

Abstract

The invention discloses an improved device for preventing deformation of shield steel sleeve, including steel sleeve, force transmission frame, connecting cylinder, back cover and reaction frame, the steel sleeve is formed by connecting multiple sections of supporting cylinder in series, the supporting cylinder is welded by upper cylinder and lower cylinder, three-pronged support frame is arranged at both end faces of upper cylinder, and two upper and lower three-pronged support frames constitute the force transmission frame; 90° flange plate is arranged on the outer side of steel sleeve, flange structure is arranged on the end face, grid-shaped reinforcement strip is welded on arc surface, lifting ear and filling hole are arranged on the upper cylinder, and discharge hole, top push pulley and pressure plate are arranged on the lower cylinder; the back cover is sealed and sleeved with steel sleeve by bolts and full welding around, and 3*3 square steel grid, steel column and six diagonal bracing rods and anchoring steel plate are welded on the outer side of back cover in sequence. The invention solves the problem of excessive deformation of shield steel sleeve in special site conditions, and improves the service time and safety of steel sleeve; the invention discloses the installation and reinforcement method of steel sleeve during shield construction, and provides a specific feasible scheme for preventing deformation of steel sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation in the field of building construction, and in particular to an improved device for preventing a shield steel sleeve from deforming. Background Art

[0002] Shield construction is a common construction method for dark tunnels in my country. Shield machines often use steel sleeves. The use of steel sleeves is very safe and simple for shield construction. In addition, the steel sleeve reception is less affected by the stratum and external conditions and does not occupy the site area. At the same time, the steel sleeve construction period is short and can be reused. The steel sleeve construction process has good long-term usability. The steel sleeve will be assembled, disassembled and hoisted many times. At the same time, the lower cylinder usually has a large welding seam, which is easy to deform over time. At the same time, during the shield reception process, the steel sleeve is prone to excessive deformation and the reaction frame is too deformed.

[0003] At present, when using the steel sleeve technology of shield machines in some areas of China, they face the situation that the strata at the receiving end have high water content and strong permeability, and the receiving end is close to some sensitive buildings. At the same time, the risk of shield receiving these strata is also relatively large. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings in the prior art and to propose an improved device for preventing the shield steel sleeve from deformation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An improved device for preventing deformation of a shield steel sleeve comprises a steel sleeve, a force transmission frame arranged inside the steel sleeve, a connecting cylinder arranged at one end of the steel sleeve, a rear cover arranged at the other end of the steel sleeve, and a reaction frame arranged on the outer side of the rear cover. The steel sleeve is formed by connecting a plurality of supporting cylinders in series, and a single supporting cylinder is welded by an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder. A trident support frame is respectively arranged on the inner side of both end surfaces of the upper cylinder, and the trident support frame is composed of a T-shaped square steel and oblique square steels symmetrically arranged on both sides of the T-shaped square steel. The length of the long rod of the T-shaped square steel is equal to the diameter of the upper cylinder, the length of the short rod of the T-shaped square steel is equal to the radius of the upper cylinder, the length of the oblique square steel is less than the radius of the upper cylinder, and the lower cylinder is also provided with a symmetrical trident support frame. The trident support frame of the upper cylinder and the trident support frame of the lower cylinder are welded to form a force transmission frame in a "M" shape.

[0007] The long rod of the T-shaped square steel in the upper cylinder and the long rod of the T-shaped square steel in the lower cylinder are fixedly connected by screws and spot welding. The outer sides of the upper cylinder and the outer sides of the lower cylinder are both provided with 90° flange plates. The 90° flange plates of the upper cylinder and the 90° flange plates of the lower cylinder are fixedly connected by screws and spot welding. One end face of the upper cylinder and one end face of the lower cylinder are respectively provided with semi-annular flanges, and the two symmetrical semi-annular flanges form a complete circle of flange structure.

[0008] The outer arc surfaces of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are vertically welded with grid-shaped reinforcement strips. The upper and middle parts of the outer arc surface of the upper cylinder are symmetrically provided with lifting ears. The upper and middle parts of the upper cylinder arc surface are also provided with filling holes. The lower and middle parts of the lower cylinder arc surface are provided with discharge holes and push pulleys. Pressure plates perpendicular to the axis of the steel sleeve are provided on both sides of the outer arc surface of the lower cylinder. The pressure plates are welded at the lower part of the outer arc surface of the lower cylinder. The bottom of the lower cylinder is supported by multiple groups of parallel pressure plates.

[0009] The outer diameter of the connecting cylinder is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the steel sleeve, and the two are connected by a full-weld sealing sleeve;

[0010] The rear cover is also welded by two upper and lower semicircular plates, and a circle of edges is arranged around the semicircular plates. The straight edges of the two semicircular plates are connected by bolts and fixed by spot welding. The arc edges of the two semicircular plates are connected by bolts and fixed by spot welding to the inner wall of the steel sleeve. The rear cover is sleeved inside one end of the steel sleeve. The circular plate surface of the rear cover is clamped at the position between the bolts and the force transmission frame. The rear cover is sealed and sleeved with the steel sleeve by full welding. The inner side of the rear cover is fixed to the square steel of the force transmission frame by screws and spot welding. The outer side of the rear cover is fixed to the reaction frame.

[0011] The reaction frame includes three steel columns and six diagonal braces. The three steel columns are evenly erected on the outer side of the rear cover, and a 3*3 square steel grille is placed between the steel columns and the rear cover. The rear cover and the steel columns are welded to both sides of the square steel grille respectively.

[0012] Two diagonal braces are welded on the column wall of each steel column away from the rear cover, and there is a certain gap between the two diagonal braces;

[0013] An anchor steel plate is welded to one end of the diagonal brace away from the steel column. The surface of the anchor steel plate is parallel to the ground, and steel bars are welded to the bottom of the anchor steel plate. The anchor steel plate is vertically inserted into the station floor through the steel bars.

[0014] Preferably, a rubber pad is provided between the 90° flanged plate of the upper cylinder and the 90° flanged plate of the lower cylinder, a rubber pad is provided between the two semi-annular flanges, and a rubber pad is provided between the long rods of the two tripod-shaped support frames.

[0015] Preferably, the welding joints of the inner wall of the steel sleeve, the welding joints between the steel sleeve and the force transmission frame, the welding joints between the steel sleeve and the connecting cylinder, and the welding joints between the steel sleeve and the rear cover are coated with quick-hardening cement immediately after welding, and a C15 mortar cushion layer is laid at the same time to prevent water leakage at the joints and improve the anti-seepage performance of the steel sleeve.

[0016] Preferably, a rubber plate is provided between the rear cover and the adjacent force transmission frame.

[0017] Preferably, two diagonal braces are welded on the column wall of each steel column away from the rear cover, wherein the angle between one diagonal brace and the axis of the steel sleeve is 49°, the angle between the other diagonal brace and the axis of the steel sleeve is 44°, and there is a certain gap between the two diagonal braces.

[0018] Preferably, the steel columns are specifically 500*800*14mm square steels, the diagonal braces are specifically 600*400*14mm square steels, and the 3*3 square steel grating is specifically welded from multiple 300*300*8mm square steels.

[0019] Preferably, the top of the steel column is fully welded with 14mm channel steel to support the middle plate of the station, the joint between the channel steel and the middle plate is plugged with steel plate, and the side of the steel sleeve is also fixed to the side wall of the station and the ground through the 14mm channel steel.

[0020] Preferably, the anchoring steel plate is 200 mm thick and is anchored to the base plate of the station by 12 threaded steel bars through holes and welding. The anchoring depth of the steel bars is 250 mm. When the displacement of the diagonal bracing position is too large, the number of diagonal bracing rods and steel bars needs to be increased.

[0021] Preferably, a transition ring is provided between adjacent supporting cylinders. The transition ring is welded to the steel ring plate embedded in the portal through a steel plate. The weld is welded along the inner side of the transition ring. In order to improve the waterproof performance, the welding is inspected after completion. If leakage occurs during the water tightness test, it should be marked and timely welding should be strengthened.

[0022] Based on the aforementioned steel sleeve and its installation structure, the present invention also proposes a method for installing and reinforcing a shield steel sleeve, comprising the following steps:

[0023] a. Assembly of the steel sleeve in the hole: hoist the lower cylinder of the first section down into the well and drag it to the assembly area of ​​the tunnel ring. Use a 100T truck crane or other lifting equipment to hoist the lower cylinder of the first section to the transition ring, so that the center of the steel sleeve coincides with the pre-determined center line of the wellhead shield, and connect the lower cylinder of the first section to the transition ring with bolts;

[0024] Use the same method to hoist the first section of the upper cylinder, so that it is connected to the lower half and the transition ring at the same time. When assembling, first fix the base of the lower cylinder of the force transmission frame, lift the upper half circle with a car crane, adjust the angle, and after docking with the lower cylinder, tighten the sealing flange fasteners;

[0025] Since the bolts at the bottom of the steel sleeve cannot be connected, welding is performed on the inside of the steel sleeve and quick-hardening cement is applied. At the same time, a C15 mortar cushion layer needs to be laid at the bottom to prevent water leakage at the joints.

[0026] The subsequent multi-section support cylinders are connected in series one by one through the connecting cylinders. After assembly, rubber sealing pads are placed when any two of the above components are connected, the tightening bolts are adjusted, and repair welding is performed;

[0027] b. Weld inspection of steel sleeve: Check the joints of each part and inspect each connection installation location to ensure the integrity of the connection, especially the connection between the upper and lower cylinders of the steel sleeve and between the sections. Also check the connection between the transition connection plate and the gate ring plate to see if there is any detachment, and deal with the hidden dangers in a timely manner;

[0028] c. Inspection of deformation of steel sleeve: Install a dial gauge at the connection between the steel sleeve and the tunnel ring plate and on the surface of the steel sleeve. The outer side of the dial gauge is mounted on the tunnel wall through a hanging support frame so that the measuring contact point of the dial gauge is located on the outer side of the steel sleeve flange. Monitor the value of the dial gauge for a period of time after the completion of step b. The range of the dial gauge is about 3 to 5 mm, and the deformation or displacement accuracy can be controlled to be about 0.01 mm.

[0029] d. Water tightness test of steel sleeve: add water into the steel sleeve from the water filling hole until the steel sleeve is filled with water and observe, check all the connection parts, including the connection of the portal connection plate, the annular and longitudinal connection positions of the steel sleeve, and the connection of the rear end cover plate for water leakage, and check whether there is any de-soldering at each weld position of the reaction frame support;

[0030] During the water tightness test, a dedicated person always monitors the dial indicator value. The most strictly controlled position for displacement is the connection between the tunnel ring plate and the steel sleeve, and the maximum allowable deformation is within 2mm. Once the strain exceeds the standard, water must be drained and pressure must be relieved immediately, the cause must be analyzed, and solutions must be taken;

[0031] e. Emergency solutions:

[0032] ① If the deformation of the steel sleeve body connecting end face flange is large, reinforcement measures should be taken immediately to add reinforcing ribs at the place with large deformation. The reinforcing ribs can be made of on-site steel plates.

[0033] ② If the weld between the transition ring and the embedded ring of the portal is cracked, check the quality of the weld and strengthen the cracked weld by repair welding.

[0034] ③ If the displacement of the reaction frame diagonal brace at any position is too large, the possible reasons should be analyzed, and the number of diagonal braces should be increased, while the number of straight braces on the other side should be increased.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The invention provides a shield steel sleeve deformation prevention improvement device, which ensures the integrity of the steel sleeve by arranging steel columns and improving the connection mode of the steel sleeve; welds are used on the inner side of the bottom of the steel sleeve and quick-hardening cement is applied while laying a C15 mortar cushion layer to prevent water leakage at the joints and improve the anti-seepage performance of the steel sleeve; before installing the steel sleeve, the embedded ring plate of the tunnel portal is checked to prevent the steel ring from loosening; the connection mode between the reaction frame column force transmission frame is improved, and the diagonal brace of the reaction frame is improved to prevent the diagonal brace from excessive displacement; and when a large deformation occurs at the flange of the steel sleeve, the rib plate should also be strengthened.

[0037] To sum up, the present invention mainly solves the problem of excessive deformation of the shield steel sleeve in special site conditions, thereby improving the service life and safety of the shield steel sleeve; at the same time, the present invention provides an installation and reinforcement method for the steel sleeve during shield construction, providing a specific and feasible solution for preventing deformation of the existing steel sleeve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an improved device for preventing shield steel sleeve deformation proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a hoisting device for an improved device for preventing deformation of a shield steel sleeve;

[0040] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the upper cylinder hoisting of an improved device for preventing the shield steel sleeve from deformation;

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the hoisting of the lower cylinder of an improved device for preventing the deformation of the shield steel sleeve;

[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the connection of the rear end cover of a steel sleeve of an improved device for preventing deformation of a shield steel sleeve;

[0043] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the reaction frame structure of an improved device for preventing the shield steel sleeve from deformation;

[0044] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a steel column of an improved device for preventing deformation of a shield steel sleeve;

[0045] Figure 8A schematic diagram of the installation of a dial indicator for an improved device to prevent the deformation of the shield steel sleeve;

[0046] Fig. 9 A three-dimensional diagram of the upper cylinder of an improved device for preventing deformation of a shield steel sleeve;

[0047] Fig.10 A three-dimensional diagram of the lower cylinder of an improved device for preventing deformation of a shield steel sleeve;

[0048] In the figure: steel sleeve 1, upper cylinder 101, lower cylinder 102, 90° flanging plate 103, semi-annular flange 104, grating-shaped reinforcement bar 105, lifting ear 106, filling hole 107, discharge hole 108, push pulley 109, pressure plate 110, force transmission frame 2, tripod support frame 201, connecting cylinder 3, rear cover 4, reaction frame 5, steel column 501, diagonal brace 502, 3*3 square steel grating 503, anchor steel plate 504. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0050] According to the on-site shield tunneling construction schedule, station structure construction period, structural dimensions, and steel sleeve installation and reinforcement period, it is necessary to arrange the steel sleeve to be installed in advance. After the rails and ends are laid in the station, the steel sleeve will be hoisted into the well. Assemble them in sequence to the tunnel gate ring. First, hoist the lower cylinder 102, turn it over and open it upward, and then connect the upper semicircle of the cylinder to hoist it into the well. The truck crane uses a 100T truck crane. The truck crane is located at the end of the station and the side walkway. The operating radius is 11m, the arm length is 25m, the rated lifting weight is 22T, and the heaviest semicircle of the steel sleeve force transmission frame is 10T. Considering the safety factor, it can meet the safety lifting requirements. See Figure 2 shown.

[0051] The clearance size of the steel sleeve is 7040mm, and the clearance from the middle plate of the negative second floor to the bottom plate is 7670mm, which meets the assembly conditions. Since the shield receiving line is a gradual curve section, before the steel sleeve is positioned and installed, a preliminary check is carried out on the center of the tunnel portal to determine the centerline position. When the steel sleeve is positioned, the centerline of the steel sleeve frame coincides with the design axis of the tunnel, and the error is no more than 2cm.

[0052] When installing the steel sleeve, the fourth section of the force transmission frame of the steel sleeve is hoisted into the well in two pieces, hoisted to the end well area for assembly, and the transition connecting plate is connected to the fourth section of the force transmission frame so that the center of the steel sleeve coincides with the predetermined tunnel center line; the third section of the force transmission frame of the steel sleeve is hoisted into two pieces, hoisted to the end well area for assembly, so that the center of the steel sleeve coincides with the predetermined line center line, the third section of the force transmission frame is moved forward and connected to the fourth section of the force transmission frame; the second section of the force transmission frame of the steel sleeve is hoisted into two pieces, hoisted into the well in the end well area for assembly, so that the center of the steel sleeve coincides with the predetermined line center line, the second section of the force transmission frame is moved forward and connected to the third section of the force transmission frame; the first section of the force transmission frame of the steel sleeve is hoisted into two pieces, hoisted into the well in the end well area for assembly, so that the center of the steel sleeve coincides with the predetermined line center line, the first section of the force transmission frame is moved forward and connected to the second section of the force transmission frame.

[0053] The entire improved device Figure 1 As shown, according to the size of the steel sleeve and the size of the shield equipment, the installation size of the steel sleeve meets the requirements for hoisting of the shield equipment. After the steel sleeve is installed, the position of the cylinder is remeasured to check whether it coincides with the center line of the shield machine.

[0054] Reference Figure 8 The transition ring and the embedded steel ring plate of the tunnel are connected by steel plate welding. The weld is welded along the inner side of the transition ring. In order to improve the waterproof performance, a water-swelling water stop strip can be attached to the inner side. Polyurethane or glass glue is applied to the outer side of the transition ring and the rigid ring plate of the tunnel to strengthen waterproofing. If there are large gaps in some places between the transition ring and the rigid ring plate of the tunnel, it is necessary to fill these gaps with steel plates and connect them firmly. Be sure to block the gaps as much as possible. At the same time, in order to increase the force, add longitudinal reinforcing ribs to the hole circle for welding. After welding, the welding is tested. If leakage occurs during the water tightness test, it should be marked and repaired in time.

[0055] Then the steel sleeve is assembled in the hole:

[0056] The first section of the steel sleeve lower cylinder 102 is hoisted down the well and dragged to the tunnel ring assembly site. The first section of the steel sleeve lower cylinder 102 is hoisted to the transition ring by a 100T truck crane or other lifting equipment, so that the center of the steel sleeve coincides with the wellhead shield centerline determined in advance. The first section of the steel sleeve lower cylinder 102 is connected to the transition ring. The first section of the steel sleeve is connected to the transition ring by bolts. The upper and lower parts of the steel sleeve are shown. Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , see the lifting diagram Figure 3 , Figure 4 At the same time, the upper cylinder 101 is provided with a lifting lug to facilitate lifting, and a filling port is provided at the lifting lug;

[0057] After the installation of the lower cylinder 102 is completed, the first section of the upper cylinder 101 is hoisted in the same way so that it is connected to the lower cylinder 102 and the transition ring at the same time. When assembling, first fix the base of the lower cylinder 102 of the force transmission frame, lift the upper cylinder 101 with a car crane, adjust the angle, and after docking with the lower cylinder 102, tighten the sealing flange fasteners;

[0058] Since the bottom bolts of the steel sleeve cannot be connected, welding is performed on the inside of the steel sleeve and quick-hardening cement is applied. At the same time, a C15 mortar cushion layer needs to be laid on the bottom to prevent water leakage at the joints. Sections 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the steel sleeve are hoisted into the well in turn according to the above steps, assembled and docked underground to complete the assembly of the entire cylinder. Rubber sealing pads need to be placed when connecting two parts. After the steel sleeve is installed, the clamping bolts need to be adjusted.

[0059] Check the connections of each part and inspect each connection installation location to ensure the integrity of the connection, especially the connection between the upper and lower cylinders 102 of the steel sleeve and the sections. Also check the connection between the transition connecting plate and the tunnel door ring plate to see if there is any detachment. If any hidden dangers are found, they must be dealt with in a timely manner.

[0060] Reference Figure 5 The rear end cover is composed of two parts, the upper and lower cylinders 102 are connected by bolts. A 6mm thick rubber plate is added between the rear end cover and the force transmission frame, and then it is tightened on the rear flange of the steel sleeve with M30 bolts of grade 8.8. During the connection process between the rear end cover and the flange, the connecting bolts at the bottom have been spot welded with nuts behind the flange. You only need to tighten the connecting bolts directly. The bolt connection is used to strengthen the integrity of the entire rear cover.

[0061] Reference Figure 6 The reaction frame is a device used to provide reaction force to the steel sleeve 1 as a whole. There are 9 stress points at the rear of the steel sleeve rear cover 4, with 3 steel columns and 6 diagonal braces. The 9 stress points between the steel column 501 of the reaction frame 5 and the flat plate of the rear cover 4 are supported by 300*300*8mm square steel, 3*3, and the square steel is fully welded to the steel column 501 and the rear cover 4. The sizes of the steel column 501 and the diagonal brace are 500*800mm and 600*400mm respectively, and 20mm thick steel plates are fully welded. The two rows of diagonal braces are connected to the bottom plate steel plate. The fixing angles are 49° and 44° respectively. The contact points of steel column 501 and diagonal brace are fully welded. The weld height is 10mm and the weld length is 400*914mm. The bottoms of the 6 diagonal braces are welded to 20mm steel plates. The steel plates are anchored to the station floor using φ30 threaded steel through-hole welding. The anchoring depth is 250mm. One steel plate anchors 12 steel bars. The top of steel column 501 is fully welded to the middle plate with 14mm channel steel. The joints between the channel steel and the middle plate are tightened with steel plates. The sides of the steel sleeves are fixed to the station side walls and the ground with 14mm channel steel.

[0062] Reinforcement requirements for reaction frame 5: All weld positions must be checked to ensure that there are no hidden dangers such as slag inclusions and cold welds; no gaps should be left at all joints and the welding slag must be knocked off; all welds must meet the "Welding Process Assessment Regulations" DL / T 886; welds must meet the requirements of secondary welds. During the installation of the reaction frame 5 steel column 501, the reaction frame 5 should be accurately positioned to keep it perpendicular to the central axis of the shield machine. During installation, the left and right deviations of the reaction frame 5 are controlled within ±10mm, and the verticality is controlled within 3‰. The purpose of this section is to strengthen the design of the reaction frame 5 to prevent excessive displacement of the reaction frame 5.

[0063] After that, the water tightness test of the steel sleeve is carried out. First, the weld is inspected, and then the water tightness test is carried out. Water is added to the steel sleeve from the water filling hole until the steel sleeve is filled with water and then observed. Each connection part is inspected, including the connection of the portal connection plate, the annular and longitudinal connection positions of the steel sleeve, and the connection of the rear end cover plate for water leakage. Check whether there is any desoldering at each weld position supported by the reaction frame 5. During the water tightness test of the steel sleeve, if there is water leakage or weld desoldering, it should be marked and handled, and the bolts should be tightened or re-welded. After the treatment is completed, continue to fill the steel sleeve with water and observe for 120 minutes. If no obvious water flow is found, the sealing of the steel sleeve can be confirmed.

[0064] Then the steel sleeve is tested for overall stability such as stiffness and displacement. Various measuring tools should be installed during the assembly of the shield machine, mainly to test whether the steel sleeve is deformed, and the displacement of the circumferential and longitudinal connection positions of the steel sleeve;

[0065] Reference Figure 8 Before the water test, install a dial indicator at the connection between the steel sleeve and the tunnel ring plate and on the surface of the steel sleeve. The specific installation position is shown in Figure 8 , the range of the dial indicator is about 3 to 5 mm, and the deformation or displacement accuracy can be controlled to about 0.01 mm;

[0066] During the water tightness test, a dedicated person always monitors the dial indicator value. The most strictly controlled position for displacement is the connection between the tunnel ring plate and the steel sleeve, and the maximum allowable deformation is within 2mm. Once the strain exceeds the standard, water must be drained and pressure must be relieved immediately, the cause must be analyzed, and solutions must be taken.

[0067] Emergency solutions:

[0068] ① If the deformation of the steel sleeve body connecting end face flange is large, reinforcement measures should be taken immediately to add reinforcing ribs at the place with large deformation. The reinforcing ribs can be made of on-site steel plates.

[0069] ② If the weld between the transition ring and the embedded ring of the portal is cracked, check the quality of the weld and strengthen the cracked weld by repair welding.

[0070] ③ If the displacement of the diagonal brace at any position of the reaction frame 5 is too large, the possible reasons should be analyzed, and the number of diagonal braces should be increased, while the number of straight braces on the other side should be increased.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An improved device for preventing deformation of a shield steel sleeve, comprising a steel sleeve (1), a force transmission frame (2) arranged inside the steel sleeve (1), a connecting cylinder (3) arranged at one end of the steel sleeve (1), a rear cover (4) arranged at the other end of the steel sleeve (1), and a reaction frame (5) arranged on the outer side of the rear cover (4), characterized in that: The steel sleeve (1) is formed by a plurality of supporting cylinders connected in series, wherein a single supporting cylinder is welded from an upper cylinder (101) and a lower cylinder (102), and a trident-shaped support frame (201) is respectively provided on the inner sides of both end surfaces of the upper cylinder (101), and the trident-shaped support frame (201) is composed of a T-shaped square steel and oblique square steels symmetrically arranged on both sides of the T-shaped square steel, wherein the length of the long rod of the T-shaped square steel is equal to the diameter of the upper cylinder (101), the length of the short rod of the T-shaped square steel is equal to the radius of the upper cylinder (101), and the length of the oblique square steel is less than the radius of the upper cylinder (101), and the lower cylinder (102) is also provided with a symmetrical trident-shaped support frame (201), and the trident-shaped support frame (201) of the upper cylinder (101) and the trident-shaped support frame (201) of the lower cylinder (102) are welded to form a force transmission frame (2) in the shape of a "M"; The long rod of the T-shaped square steel in the upper cylinder (101) and the long rod of the T-shaped square steel in the lower cylinder (102) are fixedly connected by screws and spot welding, the outer side of the upper cylinder (101) and the outer side of the lower cylinder (102) are both provided with a 90° flange plate (103), the 90° flange plate (103) of the upper cylinder (101) and the 90° flange plate (103) of the lower cylinder (102) are fixedly connected by screws and spot welding, one end face of the upper cylinder (101) and one end face of the lower cylinder (102) are respectively provided with a semi-annular flange (104), and the two symmetrical semi-annular flanges (104) form a full circle of flange structure; The outer arc surfaces of the upper cylinder (101) and the lower cylinder (102) are vertically welded with grid-shaped reinforcement strips (105); the middle and upper part of the outer arc surface of the upper cylinder (101) is symmetrically provided with lifting ears (106); the middle and upper part of the arc surface of the upper cylinder (101) is also provided with a filling hole (107); the middle and lower part of the arc surface of the lower cylinder (102) is provided with a discharge hole (108) and a push pulley (109); pressure plates (110) perpendicular to the axis of the steel sleeve (1) are provided on both sides of the outer arc surface of the lower cylinder (102); the pressure plates (110) are welded to the lower part of the outer arc surface of the lower cylinder (102); and the bottom of the lower cylinder (102) is supported by a plurality of groups of parallel pressure plates (110); The outer diameter of the connecting cylinder (3) is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the steel sleeve (1), and the two are connected by a full-circle welding sealing sleeve; The rear cover (4) is also welded from two upper and lower semicircular plates, and a circle of edges is provided around the semicircular plates. The straight edges of the two semicircular plates are connected by bolts and fixed by spot welding. The arc edges of the two semicircular plates are connected by bolts and fixed by spot welding to the inner wall of the steel sleeve (1). The rear cover (4) is sleeved inside a port of the steel sleeve (1). The circular plate surface of the rear cover (4) is clamped at a position between the bolts and the force transmission frame (2). The rear cover (4) is sealed and sleeved with the steel sleeve (1) by full welding. The inner side surface of the rear cover (4) is fixed to the square steel of the force transmission frame (2) by screws and spot welding. The outer side surface of the rear cover (4) is fixed to the reaction frame (5). The reaction frame (5) comprises three steel columns (501) and six diagonal braces (502), the three steel columns (501) being evenly erected on the outer side of the rear cover (4), and a 3*3 square steel grille (503) is padded between the steel columns (501) and the rear cover (4), and the rear cover (4) and the steel columns (501) are respectively welded to the two side surfaces of the square steel grille (503); Two diagonal bracing rods (502) are welded to the column wall of each steel column (501) in a direction away from the rear cover (4), and there is a certain gap between the two diagonal bracing rods (502); An anchoring steel plate (504) is welded to one end of the diagonal brace (502) away from the steel column (501), the surface of the anchoring steel plate (504) is parallel to the ground, and a steel bar is welded to the bottom of the anchoring steel plate (504), and the anchoring steel plate (504) is vertically plugged into the station floor through the steel bar; A rubber pad is provided between the 90° flanged plate (103) of the upper cylinder (101) and the 90° flanged plate (103) of the lower cylinder (102), a rubber pad is provided between the two semi-annular flanges (104), and a rubber pad is provided between the two long rods of the three-pronged support frames (201); A rubber plate is provided between the rear cover (4) and the adjacent force transmission frame (2).

2. The improved device for preventing shield steel sleeve deformation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The welding points of the inner wall of the steel sleeve (1), the welding points between the steel sleeve (1) and the force transmission frame (2), the welding points between the steel sleeve (1) and the connecting cylinder (3), and the welding points between the steel sleeve (1) and the rear cover (4) are immediately coated with quick-hardening cement after welding, and a C15 mortar cushion layer is laid at the same time to prevent water leakage at the joints and improve the anti-seepage performance of the steel sleeve.

3. The improved device for preventing shield steel sleeve deformation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two diagonal bracing rods (502) are welded to the column wall of each of the steel columns (501) away from the rear cover (4), wherein the angle between one of the diagonal bracing rods (502) and the axis of the steel sleeve (1) is 49°, and the angle between the other of the diagonal bracing rods (502) and the axis of the steel sleeve (1) is 44°.

4. The improved device for preventing shield steel sleeve deformation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steel column (501) is specifically made of 500*800*14mm square steel, the diagonal support rod (502) is specifically made of 600*400*14mm square steel, and the 3*3 square steel grille (503) is specifically welded from a plurality of 300*300*8mm square steels.

5. The improved device for preventing shield steel sleeve deformation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top of the steel column (501) is supported on the middle plate of the station by full welding of 14 mm channel steel, and the joint between the channel steel and the middle plate is plugged with a steel plate. The side of the steel sleeve (1) is also fixed to the side wall of the station and the ground surface through the 14 mm channel steel.

6. The improved device for preventing shield steel sleeve deformation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anchoring steel plate (504) is specifically 200 mm thick, and the anchoring steel plate (504) is anchored to the station bottom plate by 12 threaded steel bars through holes and welding, and the anchoring depth of the steel bars is 250 mm; when the displacement of the diagonal bracing position is too large, the number of diagonal bracing rods (502) and steel bars needs to be increased.

7. The improved device for preventing shield steel sleeve deformation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A transition ring is provided between the adjacent supporting cylinders. The transition ring is welded to the steel ring plate embedded in the portal through a steel plate. The weld is welded along the inner side of the transition ring. In order to improve the waterproof performance, the welding is inspected after completion. If leakage occurs during the water tightness test, it should be marked and timely welding should be strengthened.

8. A method for installing and reinforcing a shield steel sleeve, wherein the steel sleeve is specifically a steel sleeve (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a. Assembly of the steel sleeve in the hole: hoist the lower cylinder (102) of the first section down into the well and drag it to the assembly position of the tunnel ring. Use a 100T truck crane to hoist the lower cylinder (102) of the first section to the transition ring so that the center of the steel sleeve (1) coincides with the pre-determined center line of the wellhead shield. Connect the lower cylinder (102) of the first section to the transition ring by bolts. The first section upper cylinder (101) is hoisted in the same manner so that it is connected to the lower half and the transition ring at the same time. When assembling, first fix the base of the force transmission frame lower cylinder (102), lift the upper half circle with a truck crane, adjust the angle, and after docking with the lower cylinder (102), tighten the sealing flange fasteners; Since the bolts at the bottom of the steel sleeve cannot be connected, welding is performed on the inside of the steel sleeve and quick-hardening cement is applied. At the same time, a C15 mortar cushion layer is laid on the bottom to prevent water leakage at the joints. The subsequent multi-section support cylinders are connected in series one by one through the connecting cylinder (3), and after assembly, a rubber sealing gasket is placed when any two of the above components are connected, and the tightening bolts are adjusted and repair welding is performed; b. Inspection of the weld seams of the steel sleeve: Check the joints of each part and inspect each joint installation location to ensure the integrity of the connection. Check the connection between the upper and lower cylinders (102) of the steel sleeve (1) and between the sections. Also check the connection between the transition connection plate and the gate ring plate to see if there is any detachment. c. Inspection of deformation of the steel sleeve: a dial gauge is installed at the connection between the steel sleeve (1) and the tunnel ring plate and on the surface of the steel sleeve. The outer side of the dial gauge is mounted on the tunnel wall through a hanging support frame so that the measuring contact point of the dial gauge is located on the outer side of the flange of the steel sleeve (1). Within a period of time after the completion of step b, the value of the dial gauge is monitored. The range of the dial gauge is 3 to 5 mm, and the deformation or displacement can be controlled with an accuracy of 0.01 mm; d. Water tightness test of steel sleeve: add water into the steel sleeve from the water filling hole until the steel sleeve is filled with water and observe, check all the connection parts, including the connection of the portal connection plate, the annular and longitudinal connection positions of the steel sleeve, and the connection of the rear end cover plate for water leakage, and check whether there is any de-soldering at each weld position of the reaction frame support; During the water tightness test, a dedicated person always monitors the dial indicator value. The most strictly controlled position for displacement is the connection between the tunnel ring plate and the steel sleeve. The maximum allowable deformation is within 2mm. Once the strain exceeds the standard, water must be drained and pressure must be relieved immediately, and the cause must be analyzed and solutions must be taken. e. Emergency solutions: ① If the deformation of the flange at the end of the steel sleeve body is large, reinforcement measures should be taken immediately to add reinforcement ribs at the place with large deformation. The reinforcement ribs can be made of on-site steel plates; ② If the weld between the transition ring and the embedded ring of the tunnel door is cracked, check the quality of the weld and strengthen the cracked weld by repair welding; ③ If the displacement of the reaction frame diagonal brace at any position is too large, the possible reasons should be analyzed, and the number of diagonal braces should be increased, while the number of straight braces on the other side should be increased.

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