Peanut shelling device for peanut seed shelling machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a peanut shelling device for a peanut shelling machine, and belongs to the technical field of peanut shelling machines. The device comprises a shelling structure, a folding structure and a peanut pod uniform distribution structure. The shelling structure comprises a drum and an arc-shaped screen body. The drum comprises a drum shaft and a plurality of rubbing and pressing columns. Each rubbing and pressing column comprises a column core and a nylon sleeve. The inner hole of the nylon sleeve is slidably connected with the column core. A plurality of grooves are radially arranged on the cylindrical surface of the nylon sleeve, and each groove is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface of the nylon sleeve. The folding structure comprises a cross-axis universal coupling and a short shaft connected end to end. The peanut pod uniform distribution structure comprises two spiral blades symmetrically arranged on the drum shaft. The rotation direction of the two spiral blades pushes the peanut pods from the middle to the two ends, and the pitch of the two spiral blades gradually increases from the inner end to the outer end. The device has the advantages of being easy to clean the arc-shaped screen for debris, less damage to the peanut kernels and the red skin of the peanut kernels during the shelling process, and high efficiency in obtaining high-quality peanut seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of peanut shelling machines. Background Art

[0002] If the red coat (seed coat) on the surface of the peanut kernel is incomplete, it will directly affect the germination rate and the growth of the peanut after germination. Therefore, there are strict requirements for peanut shelling, and currently peanut shelling is mainly done manually. The shelling gap between the shelling drum and the arc screen of the drum shelling structure of the peanut sheller is the peanut shelling gap. Before the peanuts are shelled, the peanut shelling gap needs to be filled with peanut pods, and the rubbing and pressing column of the drum is used to hit the peanut pods. In addition, the rubbing and pressing effect between the peanut pods separates the peanut kernels and the pod shells. The peanut kernels and peanut shells fall from the gaps between the arc-shaped screen bars. It has the following disadvantages: 1. The rotation of the rubbing and pressing column directly hits the peanut shells hard, which can easily damage and fall off the relatively fragile red coat on the surface of the peanut kernel; 2. At the end of the shelling work, first stop feeding peanut pods into the shelling structure. As the shells continue to separate and fall through the gaps between the arc-shaped screen bars, the peanut pods remaining in the peanut shelling gaps. The peanut pods are smaller and smaller, and finally cannot be rubbed and pressed by the shelling roller, causing the shelling work to stagnate. At this time, due to the large size of the peanut pods, they block the gaps between the bars in the arc screen, so that a mixture of a part of the peanut pods, pod shells and peanut kernels is retained in the gaps between the bars of the peanut shelling bars, blocking the gaps between the bars. When the shelling work is carried out again, the peanut kernels after being removed cannot fall in time due to the blockage, which will increase the contact probability between the peanut kernels and the rigid roller, making the seed coat fall off more seriously; 3. When the peanut pods are transported to the shelling structure, it is inevitable that stones and other blocky debris will be mixed in and accumulated in the arc screen. During the movement, it will not only cause impact damage to the seed coat of the peanut kernel, but also easily cause damage to the roller and the arc screen.

[0003] Therefore, when the equipment is used again, it is necessary to remove the bearing seats on both sides of the shelling drum and then dismantle the entire shelling drum to clean the arc screen of debris. This operation process is complicated, time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the remaining mixture cannot be cleaned in time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a peanut shelling device for a peanut seed shelling machine, which has the advantages of being easy to clean the arc screen for debris, causing less damage to the peanut kernels and the red skin of the peanut kernels during the shelling process, and having high efficiency in obtaining high-quality peanut seeds.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A peanut shelling device for a peanut shelling machine comprises a shelling structure, a folding structure and a peanut pod uniform distribution structure. The shelling structure comprises a drum and an arc-shaped screen body. The drum comprises a drum shaft and a plurality of rubbing and pressing columns. Each rubbing and pressing column comprises a column core and a nylon sleeve. The inner hole of the nylon sleeve is slidably connected with the column core. A plurality of grooves are arranged radially on the cylindrical surface of the nylon sleeve. Each groove is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface of the nylon sleeve. The column core of each rubbing and pressing column is fixed on the drum shaft, and the plurality of rubbing and pressing columns are arranged circumferentially on the drum shaft. The folding structure includes a cross-axis universal coupling and a short shaft connected end to end; the inner end of the drum shaft is fixedly connected to the cross-axis universal coupling of the folding structure, and the short shaft of the folding structure is rotatably connected to the frame through a rotating connection structure. The outer end of the drum shaft is provided with a bearing, and the bearing is provided with a bearing seat, and the bearing seat is movably connected to the frame through a transverse positioning structure and a vertical positioning structure; the drum shaft and the cross-axis universal coupling are coaxial to support the drum on the frame; the arc-shaped screen body is arranged at the bottom of the drum, and it is connected to the frame The frame is detachably connected, and the roller surrounded by the rubbing and pressing columns is coaxial with the arc sieve plate of the arc sieve body; the outer end of the short shaft is provided with a roller transmission component connected to the transmission device, and the driving motor drives the roller transmission component through the transmission device to rotate the roller, so that during the rotation of the roller, a peanut shelling gap is formed between the movement trajectory of each rubbing and pressing column and the arc sieve plate, and each rubbing and pressing column and the arc sieve plate produce relative movement to produce a rubbing and pressing action on the peanut pods in the peanut shelling gap, so that the peanut pod shells are rubbed and pressed to break and separate from the peanut kernels; the upper port of the arc sieve body is located below the discharge port at the bottom of the feed hopper, and is used to receive the peanut pods discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the feed hopper; the peanut pod uniform distribution structure includes two spiral blades symmetrically arranged on the roller shaft, the rotation direction of the two spiral blades causes the peanut pods to be pushed from the middle to the two ends, and the pitch of the two spiral blades gradually increases from the inner end to the outer end, so that during the rotation of the two spiral blades, the speed of pushing the peanut pods from the middle to the two sides is gradually increased.

[0007] The present invention is further improved in that:

[0008] The transverse positioning structure is as follows: a vertical positioning pin is respectively provided at the left and right ends below the bearing seat, and a vertical positioning hole matched with the vertical positioning pin is provided on the frame; the vertical positioning structure is as follows: a hook is provided on the bearing seat, and a lock corresponding to the hook is provided on the frame located below the bearing seat. When the vertical positioning pin of the bearing seat is inserted into the vertical positioning hole, the transverse positioning of the drum shaft is completed; when the lock is engaged with the hook, the vertical positioning of the drum shaft is completed, thereby fixing the drum shaft on the frame so that the drum is coaxial with the arc-shaped screen body and the drum shaft.

[0009] The transverse positioning structure is as follows: a slot corresponding to the bearing seat is provided on the frame, and when the bearing seat is located in the slot, the transverse positioning of the drum shaft is completed.

[0010] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are:

[0011] Peanut shelling device: The outer end of the drum shaft is provided with a bearing, and the bearing is equipped with a bearing seat, which is movably connected to the frame through a horizontal positioning structure and a vertical positioning structure; the bearing seat at the outer end of the drum shaft can be easily and quickly disassembled from the frame through the horizontal positioning structure and the vertical positioning structure; the folding structure includes a cross shaft universal coupling and a short shaft connected end to end; the inner end of the drum shaft is fixedly connected to the cross shaft universal coupling of the folding structure, and the short shaft of the folding structure is rotatably connected to the frame through a rotating connection structure. The drum shaft and the cross shaft universal coupling coaxially support the drum on the frame. The above structure can lift the drum integrated with the drum shaft, so that the mixture of peanut pods, pod shells and peanut kernels retained in the gap between the bars of the lower arc screen body and the block debris such as stones can be cleaned in time. To reduce the damage to the peanut kernels during the shelling process. The cleaning effect can also prevent the mixing of peanut seeds and avoid increasing the burden of subsequent peanut seed differentiation. It is easy to replace the curved screen. There are various varieties of peanuts, and the external dimensions of peanut pods and peanut kernels vary greatly among varieties. Different peanut varieties require curved screens with different bar gaps. When changing peanut varieties, the curved screen needs to be replaced.

[0012] Each rubbing and pressing column includes a column core and a nylon sleeve, the inner hole of the nylon sleeve is slidably connected to the column core, a plurality of grooves are radially arranged on the cylindrical surface of the nylon sleeve, and the grooves are uniformly distributed along the cylindrical surface of the nylon sleeve. During the shelling process, the above structure can make each rubbing and pressing column and the arc-shaped screen plate produce relative movement, so that when the peanut pods in the peanut shelling gap are rubbed and pressed, the direct hard striking force produced by each rubbing and pressing column on the peanut pods is converted into a rubbing force. After the nylon sleeve and the peanut pods move relative to each other and contact, the nylon sleeve rotates relative to the movement direction of the peanut pods. In addition, the nylon material has a certain flexibility, which increases the flexibility of the shelling device, thereby reducing the hard impact on the peanut pods, so as to reduce the damage to the red skin of the peanut kernel. At the same time, since the movement gap between the nylon sleeve and the arc-shaped screen plate remains unchanged, the rubbing force on the peanuts is maintained, so as to separate the shells. At the same time, since a plurality of grooves are radially arranged on the cylindrical surface of the nylon sleeve, the rubbing effect is improved, thereby improving the shelling effect.

[0013] The peanut pod uniform distribution structure includes two spiral blades symmetrically arranged on the drum shaft. The rotation direction of the two spiral blades pushes the peanut pods from the middle to both ends, and the pitch of the two spiral blades gradually increases from the inner end to the outer end, so that the two spiral blades gradually increase the speed of pushing the peanut pods from the middle to both sides during the rotation process; the use of this structure is beneficial when the peanut pods fall into the middle part of the drum, so that the spiral bidirectional blades quickly transport the peanut pods to both sides to distribute the peanuts in a thin layer, so as to ensure that the peanut pods are fully and timely shelled, so that the peanut kernels obtained by breaking the peanut pods can fall from the semicircular concave screen in time.

[0014] It has the advantages of being easy to clean the debris from the curved screen, causing less damage to the peanut kernels and the red skin of the peanut kernels during the shelling process, and having high efficiency in obtaining high-quality peanut seeds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when cleaning the curved screen;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the drum and the folding structure in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a peanut shelling machine;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a peanut shelling machine without the feed hopper;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the peanut shelling machine cleaning the curved screen;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a peanut shelling machine.

[0022] In the attached drawings: 1. frame; 2. feed hopper; 3. drive motor; 4. drum shaft; 5. column core; 6. nylon sleeve; 7. cross shaft universal coupling; 8. short shaft; 9. arc sieve plate; 10. drum transmission component; 11. spiral blade; 12. peanut shell air selection channel; 13. vibrating conveyor screen; 14. front shell separation fan; 15. bottom shell separation fan; 16. rear shell outlet; 17. shell guide plate; 18. upper end plate of the shell air outlet channel of the front shell separation fan; 19. top plate of the peanut shell air selection channel; 20. lower edge of the shell air outlet of the front shell separation fan; 21. lower edge of the front shell inlet of the peanut shell air selection channel; 22. bearing seat; 23. vertical positioning pin; 24. vertical positioning hole; 25. hook; 26. lock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] For the convenience of explanation, a peanut shelling machine is described in detail as an embodiment.

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] The standard parts used in the present invention can all be purchased from the market, and special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description in the specification and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, and bonding in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0026] Depend on Figures 1 to 7 As can be seen from the embodiment shown, this embodiment includes a frame 1 and a feed hopper 2 arranged on the frame 1, a peanut shelling device, a shell winnowing and separating device, a driving motor 3 and a transmission device;

[0027] The outer wall of the feed hopper 2 is hinged to the frame 1;

[0028] The peanut shelling device is arranged below the feed hopper 2 through a frame 1, and includes a shelling structure, a folding structure and a peanut pod uniform distribution structure. The shelling structure includes a drum and an arc-shaped screen body. The drum includes a drum shaft 4 and a plurality of rubbing and pressing columns. Each rubbing and pressing column includes a column core 5 and a nylon sleeve 6. The inner hole of the nylon sleeve 6 is slidably connected with the column core 5. A plurality of grooves are arranged radially on the cylindrical surface of the nylon sleeve 6. The grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface of the nylon sleeve 6. The column core 5 of each rubbing and pressing column is fixed on the drum shaft 4, and the plurality of rubbing and pressing columns are arranged circumferentially on the drum shaft 4. The folding structure includes a cross-axis universal coupling 7 and a short shaft 8 connected end to end; the inner end of the drum shaft 4 is fixedly connected to the cross-axis universal coupling 7 of the folding structure, and the short shaft 8 of the folding structure is rotatably connected to the frame 1 through a rotating connection structure. The outer end of the drum shaft 4 is provided with a bearing, and the bearing is provided with a bearing seat 22. The bearing seat 22 is movably connected to the frame 1 through a horizontal positioning structure and a vertical positioning structure; the drum shaft 4 and the cross-axis universal coupling 7 are coaxial to support the drum on the frame 1; the arc-shaped screen body is arranged at the bottom of the drum, and it is connected to the machine frame 1. The frame 1 is detachably connected, and the drum surrounded by the rubbing and pressing columns is coaxial with the arc sieve plate 9 of the arc sieve body; the outer end of the short shaft 8 is provided with a drum transmission component 10 connected to the transmission device, and the driving motor 3 drives the drum transmission component 10 through the transmission device to rotate the drum, so that during the rotation of the drum, a peanut shelling gap is formed between the movement trajectory of each rubbing and pressing column and the arc sieve plate 9, and each rubbing and pressing column and the arc sieve plate 9 generate relative motion to generate a rubbing and pressing action on the peanut pods in the peanut shelling gap, and the rubbing and pressing action between the peanut pods can separate the peanuts. The pod shell is rubbed and crushed to separate from the peanut kernel; the upper port of the arc-shaped screen body is located below the discharge port at the bottom of the feed hopper 2, and is used to receive the peanut pods discharged from the discharge port at the bottom of the feed hopper 2; the peanut pod uniform distribution structure includes two spiral blades 11 symmetrically arranged on the drum shaft 4, the rotation direction of the two spiral blades 11 is to push the peanut pods from the middle to both ends, and the pitch of the two spiral blades 11 gradually increases from the inner end to the outer end, so that the two spiral blades 11 gradually increase the speed of pushing the peanut pods from the middle to both sides during the rotation process;

[0029] The shell separation device comprises a peanut shell separation passage 12, a vibrating conveying screen 13, a front shell separation fan 14 and a bottom shell separation fan 15. The peanut shell separation passage 12 is inclined from bottom to top from its front shell inlet to its rear shell outlet 16. The bottom plate of the peanut shell separation passage 12 is inclined from bottom to top to form a shell guide plate 17. The front shell separation fan 14 is arranged in front of the peanut shell separation passage 12. The wind generated by its outlet is tilted downward to be sent into the shell separation passage. The upper end plate 18 of the shell outlet channel of the front shell separation fan 14 and the top plate 19 of the peanut shell crushing air selection channel 12 form a shell guide funnel to receive the peanut kernels and peanut shells dropped from the sieve holes of the arc-shaped screen body of the peanut shelling device. The bottom of the shell guide funnel is located above the shell crushing guide plate 17. The lower edge 20 of the shell outlet of the front shell separation fan 14 and the lower edge 21 of the front shell crushing inlet of the peanut shell crushing air selection channel 12 form a peanut kernel selection outlet. The vibrating conveying screen 13 is arranged at the peanut kernel selection. Below the outlet, the bottom shell separation fan 15 is arranged below the vibrating conveying screen 13, and the wind generated at its air outlet passes through the vibrating conveying screen 13 from bottom to top and is sent to the peanut kernel selection outlet; the driving motor 3 drives the vibrating conveying screen 13, the front shell separation fan 14 and the bottom shell separation fan 15 to work through the transmission device, so that the wind generated by the front shell separation fan 14 and the bottom shell separation fan 15 is mixed to form a peanut shell crushing air selection channel 12, which is blown from its shell crushing inlet to the shell crushing outlet 16. The wind force separates the peanut kernels and peanut shells that fall from the sieve holes of the arc-shaped sieve body of the peanut shelling device by air separation, so that the lighter peanut shells are blown up and discharged from the shell outlet 16 through the peanut shell air separation channel 12, and the heavier peanut kernels fall from the peanut kernel selection outlet to the vibrating conveying screen 13. The driving motor 3 drives the eccentric wheel shaft to rotate, so that the eccentric wheel drives the swing connecting rod to perform reciprocating vibration, so that the vibrating screen performs a swinging motion around one end of the swing connecting rod, and is transported to its discharge end by the vibrating conveying screen 13 (the vibrating screen structure is from the prior art).

[0030] The transverse positioning structure is as follows: a vertical positioning pin 23 is respectively provided at the left and right ends below the bearing seat 22, and a vertical positioning hole 24 matched with the vertical positioning pin 23 is provided on the frame 1; the vertical positioning structure is as follows: a hook 25 is provided on the bearing seat 22, and a lock buckle 26 corresponding to the hook 25 is provided on the frame 1 located below the bearing seat 22. When the vertical positioning pin 23 of the bearing seat 22 is inserted into the vertical positioning hole 24, the transverse positioning of the drum shaft 4 is completed; when the lock buckle 26 is engaged with the hook 25, the vertical positioning of the drum shaft 4 is completed, so that the drum shaft 4 is fixed on the frame 1, so that the drum is coaxial with the arc-shaped screen body and the drum shaft 4.

[0031] The transverse positioning structure is as follows: a slot corresponding to the bearing seat 22 is provided on the frame 1, and when the bearing seat 22 is located in the slot, the transverse positioning of the drum shaft 4 is completed.

Claims

1. A peanut shelling device for a peanut shelling machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shelling structure, a folding structure and a peanut pod uniform distribution structure. The shelling structure comprises a drum and an arc-shaped screen body. The drum comprises a drum shaft (4) and a plurality of rubbing and pressing columns. Each of the rubbing and pressing columns comprises a column core (5) and a nylon sleeve (6). The inner hole of the nylon sleeve (6) is slidably connected to the column core (5). A plurality of grooves are radially arranged on the cylindrical surface of the nylon sleeve (6). Each of the grooves is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical surface of the nylon sleeve (6). The column core (5) of each of the rubbing and pressing columns is fixed on the drum shaft (4), and the plurality of rubbing and pressing columns are arranged in a circumferential direction on the drum shaft (4). The folding structure comprises a cross-axis universal coupling (7) and a short shaft (8) connected end to end. The inner end of the drum shaft (4) is fixedly connected to the cross-axis universal coupling (7) of the folding structure, the short shaft (8) of the folding structure is rotatably connected to the frame (1) through a rotating connection structure, the outer end of the drum shaft (4) is provided with a bearing, the bearing is provided with a bearing seat (22), and the bearing seat (22) is movably connected to the frame (1) through a transverse positioning structure and a vertical positioning structure; the drum shaft (4) and the cross-axis universal coupling (7) are coaxial to support the drum on the frame (1) in a rolling manner; the arc-shaped screen body is arranged at the bottom of the drum, and is detachably connected to the frame (1), and the drum surrounded by the rubbing and pressing columns is coaxial with the arc-shaped screen plate (9) of the arc-shaped screen body; the outer end of the short shaft (8) is provided with a drum transmission component (10) connected to a transmission device, and the driving motor (3) drives the drum transmission component (10) through the transmission device to make the drum The drum rotates so that during the rotation of the drum, a peanut shelling gap is formed between the movement trajectory of each of the rubbing and pressing columns and the arc-shaped screen plate (9), and each of the rubbing and pressing columns and the arc-shaped screen plate (9) generate relative movement to generate a rubbing and pressing action on the peanut pods in the peanut shelling gap, thereby rubbing and pressing the peanut pod shells to break them and separate them from the peanut kernels; the upper port of the arc-shaped screen body is located below the bottom discharge port of the feed hopper (2) and is used to receive the peanut pods discharged from the bottom discharge port of the feed hopper (2); the peanut pod uniform distribution structure includes two spiral blades (11) symmetrically arranged on the drum shaft (4), the two spiral blades (11) rotate in a direction to push the peanut pods from the middle to the two ends, and the pitch of the two spiral blades (11) gradually increases from the inner end to the outer end, so that during the rotation of the two spiral blades (11), the speed of pushing the peanut pods from the middle to the two sides gradually increases; The lateral positioning structure comprises: a vertical positioning pin (23) is respectively provided at the left and right ends below the bearing seat (22), and a vertical positioning hole (24) matched with the vertical positioning pin (23) is provided on the frame (1); the vertical positioning structure comprises: a hook (25) is provided on the bearing seat (22), and a lock buckle (26) corresponding to the hook (25) is provided on the frame (1) below the bearing seat (22), when the vertical positioning pin (23) of the bearing seat (22) is inserted into the vertical positioning hole (24), the lateral positioning of the drum shaft (4) is completed; when the lock buckle (26) is locked into the hook (25), the vertical positioning of the drum shaft (4) is completed, so that the drum shaft (4) is fixed on the frame (1), so that the drum, the arc-shaped screen body and the drum shaft (4) are coaxial; The transverse positioning structure comprises: a slot corresponding to the bearing seat (22) is provided on the frame (1); when the bearing seat (22) is located in the slot, the transverse positioning of the roller shaft (4) is completed.

Images