A detection tool and method for measuring crankshaft main journal runout

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of engine crankshaft manufacturing, and in particular relates to a detection tool and method for measuring the radial runout of a crankshaft main journal, comprising a crankshaft support seat and a measuring device. During measurement, the crankshaft can be rotatably mounted on the crankshaft support seat, and the measuring device is arranged on one side of the crankshaft. Different from the prior art, the measuring device comprises a guide rail device, no less than two movable gauge seats and a measuring rod type measuring gauge mounted on the movable gauge seat. The guide rail device is provided with a slide rail parallel to the crankshaft main axis, the movable gauge seat is mounted on the slide rail, and the spacing between the movable gauge seats can be adjusted along the slide rail direction. During measurement, the movable gauge seat is fixed on the slide rail, and the measuring rods of the measuring rod type measuring gauge are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the slide rail, and the measuring head thereof contacts the crankshaft main journal and points to the main shaft center. The present invention can measure the runout of multiple main journal sections on the crankshaft at one time, and the detection tool has a simple structure, high measurement efficiency and accuracy, and the measurement method is easy to implement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of engine crankshaft manufacturing, and in particular relates to a detection tool and method for measuring the radial runout of a crankshaft main journal. Background Art

[0002] The crankshaft is the core component of the engine. The radial runout of the crankshaft main journal will seriously affect the performance of the engine. The runout will aggravate the wear of the journal and cause damage to the bearing, and finally the failure of the parts. It is extremely important to control the runout quality of the crankshaft main journal during the crankshaft processing. Due to the particularity of the crankshaft structure, the main shaft of a crankshaft is composed of multiple unconnected main journals. Based on the existing technology of shaft external cylindrical runout inspection fixtures, the current common inspection fixtures mostly use deflection meters. The inspection process is inconvenient to operate. Usually only a single journal can be inspected. Multiple main journals of a crankshaft need to be inspected one by one, which is inefficient and has poor inspection accuracy. There are certain limitations in use. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a detection tool and method for measuring the crankshaft main journal runout in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is:

[0005] A detection tool for measuring the runout of a crankshaft main journal comprises a crankshaft support seat and a measuring device. During measurement, the crankshaft can be rotatably mounted on the crankshaft support seat, and the measuring device is arranged on one side of the crankshaft. Different from the prior art, the measuring device comprises a guide rail device, no less than two movable gauge seats and a measuring rod type measuring gauge mounted on the movable gauge seat. The guide rail device is provided with a slide rail parallel to the crankshaft main axis, and the movable gauge seat is mounted on the slide rail. The spacing between the movable gauge seats can be adjusted along the direction of the slide rail. During measurement, the movable gauge seat is fixed on the slide rail. The measuring rods of the measuring rod type measuring gauge are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the slide rail. Its measuring head contacts the crankshaft main journal and points to the main axis.

[0006] Furthermore, the guide rail device is a side strip plate, the side strip plate is parallel to the crankshaft main axis, the slide rail is a strip-shaped through hole arranged on the side strip plate, the movable table seat is installed in the strip-shaped through hole, and the spacing between the movable table seats can be adjusted along the length direction of the strip-shaped through hole.

[0007] Furthermore, the mobile meter base includes a guide slider, the front and rear width of the guide slider is adapted to the width of the strip through hole, the guide slider is provided with a measuring meter mounting through hole, one end of the guide slider is provided with wing plates along the front and rear directions, the wing plates are provided with bolt mounting through holes, two bolt fixing grooves are provided on the side strip plates parallel to the strip through holes, the two bolt fixing grooves are respectively located on both sides of the strip through holes, when measuring, the measuring rod type measuring meter is fixed in the measuring meter mounting through hole, the guide slider is inserted in the strip through hole, the front and rear walls of the guide slider are attached to the inner wall of the strip through hole, the fixing bolts pass through the bolt mounting through holes on the wing plates and are inserted into the bolt fixing grooves, and the guide slider is fixed to the side strip plates.

[0008] Furthermore, the measuring rod type measuring meter is installed in the measuring meter installation through hole through a meter cover, and the meter cover includes a measuring rod sleeve, the measuring rod sleeve is columnar, the measuring rod passes through a through hole of a size adapted to the center of the measuring rod sleeve, and the side wall of the measuring rod sleeve is provided with a threaded through hole for fastening the measuring meter. The measuring rod sleeve is also provided with a gradually shrinking tapered portion along the insertion direction of the measuring rod. The measuring meter installation through hole is set to be a bucket shape that gradually shrinks along the insertion direction of the measuring rod, and the tapered portion is adapted to the bucket-shaped measuring meter installation through hole. During measurement, the side wall of the tapered portion is close to the inner wall of the measuring meter installation through hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the measuring rod type measuring gauge is a micrometer.

[0010] Furthermore, the side strip is vertically arranged, and the crankshaft support seat includes a fixed top device and a movable top device installed above the fixed top device, the fixed top device includes a base plate and a first top installed on the base plate, the first top is arranged upward, and the movable top device includes an upper seat plate, a spring, a limit pin and a second top, the second top is aligned with the first top and is arranged downward, the second top can be installed in the top through hole set in the upper seat plate and can move up and down, the spring is sleeved on the second top, the upper end surface of the spring is tightly against the bottom surface of the upper seat plate, the limit pin is inserted in the pin through hole at the upper end of the second top, and is used to limit the second top from moving downward relative to the upper seat plate, the upper and lower ends of the side strip are respectively connected to the upper seat plate and the base plate, and when measuring, the crankshaft is vertically installed between the first and second tops.

[0011] Furthermore, the movable top device is also provided with a lifting drive mechanism, which is a lever mechanism. The lever mechanism includes a support rod and a lever arm connected to the top of the support rod through a rotating shaft. The bottom end of the support rod is arranged on the upper seat plate. An elongated through hole for installing the rotating shaft is provided in the middle of the lever arm. The length direction of the elongated through hole is consistent with that of the lever. The rotating shaft can move along its length direction in the elongated through hole. One end of the lever arm is hinged to the upper end of the second top, and the other end of the lever arm is a force-applying end.

[0012] When using the above-mentioned detection tool for measuring the crankshaft main journal runout, first install the crankshaft to be tested on the crankshaft support seat, install the same number of movable meter seats according to the number of main journals on the crankshaft, and adjust the spacing between the movable meter seats so that each movable meter seat is aligned with a main journal to be measured, install a dipstick type measuring gauge on the movable meter seat, make the measuring head contact the main journal, rotate the crankshaft, and read the measurement value of the dipstick type measuring gauge.

[0013] The detection tool for measuring the crankshaft main journal runout of the present invention has some or all of the following technical effects: first, the detection efficiency is high, and the runout of multiple main journals on the crankshaft can be measured at one time; second, it has good adaptability, and the number of measuring gauges can be increased or decreased according to the crankshaft model, and the distance between the measuring gauges can be adjusted to achieve the effect of one detection tool measuring multiple models of crankshafts; third, the measurement accuracy is high, the measuring rod type measuring gauge is vertically fixed on the main journal axis, the fixing form is stable, the rigidity is good, and the main journal runout measurement value has high accuracy; fourth, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the economic benefit is obvious; fifth, it is easy to operate and convenient to use.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for measuring the runout of a crankshaft main journal, comprising the steps of setting up a crankshaft to be measured, and also comprising the following steps: determining the number of measuring gauges, using the same number of measuring rod-type measuring gauges according to the number of crankshaft main journals; adjusting the spacing between the measuring gauges, installing the measuring rod-type measuring gauges on a slide rail, and adjusting the distance between the measuring rod-type measuring gauges so that the measuring head of each measuring rod-type measuring gauge is aligned with one main journal; fixing the measuring gauges, fixing the measuring rod-type measuring gauges on the slide rail; measuring the readings, rotating the crankshaft to be measured, and obtaining the runout deviation of each main journal.

[0015] Furthermore, the measuring rod type measuring gauge is a micrometer.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the above method for measuring the crankshaft main journal runout can measure all the crankshaft main journal runouts at one time. The measurement method is highly efficient, can be adapted to main shafts of different models, and is simple to operate and easy to learn. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a measuring rod sheath according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the guide slider structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure, 1. Fixed top device; 1-1. Base plate; 1-2. First top; 2. Movable top device; 2-1. Upper base plate; 2-2. Second top; 2-3. Spring; 2-4. Lever mechanism; 2-41. Lever arm; 2-410. Long through hole; 2-42. Support rod; 2-43. Rotating shaft; 3. Measuring device; 3-1. Side strip plate; 3-2. Strip through hole; 3-3. Bolt fixing groove; 3-4. Moving table seat; 3-41. Guide slider; 3-42. Micrometer mounting through hole; 3-43. Wing plate; 4. Crankshaft; 5. Micrometer; 5-1. Table cover; 5-11. Measuring rod cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with an embodiment. The embodiment text and the accompanying drawings show a specific implementation form of the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] See also Figures 1 to 4 ,

[0024] A detection tool for measuring the main journal runout of a crankshaft 4 comprises a crankshaft support seat and a measuring device 3. During measurement, the crankshaft 4 can be rotatably mounted vertically on the crankshaft support seat.

[0025] The measuring device 3 includes a side strip 3-1, at least two movable gauge seats 3-4, and a micrometer 5 mounted on the movable gauge seats 3-4.

[0026] The side strip plate 3-1 is parallel to the main axis of the crankshaft 4 and is vertically arranged on the left side of the crankshaft 4. The side strip plate 3-1 is provided with a strip-shaped through hole 3-2 parallel to the main axis of the crankshaft 4.

[0027] The movable gauge seat 3-4 includes a guide slider 3-41, the front and rear width of the guide slider 3-41 is adapted to the width of the strip through hole 3-2, so as to facilitate sliding adjustment of the spacing between the micrometers 5 in the strip through hole 3-2, and a micrometer mounting through hole 3-42 is provided in the guide slider 3-41, and a wing plate 3-43 is provided at the left end of the guide slider 3-41 along the front and rear directions, and a bolt mounting through hole is provided on the wing plate 3-43, and two bolt fixing grooves 3-3 are provided on the side strip plate 3-1 in parallel with the strip through hole 3-2. Two bolt fixing grooves 3-3 are respectively located on both sides of the strip through hole 3-2. The guide slider 3-41 is inserted into the strip through hole 3-2 from the left side of the side strip plate 3-1. The fixing bolt passes through the bolt installation through hole on the wing plate 3-43 and is inserted into the bolt fixing groove 3-3 to fix the guide slider 3-41 on the side strip plate 3-1. The measuring rod of the micrometer 5 passes through the guide slider 3-41. The measuring rods are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the plate surface of the side strip plate 3-1. The measuring head is in contact with the main journal of the crankshaft 4 and points to the main shaft center.

[0028] In this embodiment, the micrometer 5 is installed in the micrometer mounting through hole 3-42 through a table sleeve, and the table sleeve includes a measuring rod sleeve 5-1, which is columnar, and the measuring rod passes through a through hole of a size adapted to the center of the measuring rod sleeve 5-1. The side wall of the measuring rod sleeve 5-1 is provided with a threaded through hole for fastening the micrometer 5. The measuring rod sleeve 5-1 is also provided with a tapered portion 5-11 that gradually decreases from left to right. The micrometer mounting through hole 3-42 is set to a bucket shape that gradually decreases from left to right. The tapered portion 5-11 is adapted to the micrometer mounting through hole 3-42. When measuring, the side wall of the tapered portion 5-11 is close to the inner wall of the micrometer mounting through hole. The tapered portion 5-11 of the table sleeve is matched with the movable table seat 3-4 with a tapered surface, which can not only facilitate the combination of the table sleeve and the movable table seat 3-4, but also limit the axial freedom of the table sleeve.

[0029] The crankshaft support seat includes a fixed top device 1 and a movable top device 2 installed above the fixed top device 1. The fixed top device 1 includes a base plate 1-1 and a first top 1-2 installed on the base plate 1-1. The first top 1-2 is set upward. The movable top device 2 includes an upper base plate 2-1, a spring 2-3, a limit pin, a second top 2-2 and a lifting drive mechanism. The second top 2-2 is aligned with the first top 1-2 and is vertically downwardly arranged. The second top 2-2 is installed in a top through hole set on the upper base plate 2-1 and can move up and down. The spring 2-3 is sleeved on the second top 2-2. The upper end surface of the spring 2-3 is tightly against the bottom surface of the upper base plate 2-1. The limit pin is inserted into the pin through hole at the upper end of the second top 2-2 to limit the downward movement of the second top 2-2 relative to the upper base plate 2-1.

[0030] The lifting drive mechanism is a lever mechanism 2-4, which includes a support rod 2-42 and a lever arm 2-41 connected to the top of the support rod 2-42 through a rotating shaft 2-43. The bottom end of the support rod 2-42 is arranged on the upper seat plate 2-1. The middle part of the lever arm 2-41 is provided with an elongated through hole 2-410 for installing the rotating shaft 2-43. The length direction of the elongated through hole 2-410 is consistent with that of the lever. The rotating shaft 2-43 can move along its length direction in the elongated through hole 2-410. One end of the lever arm 2-41 is hinged to the upper end of the second top 2-2, and the other end of the lever arm 2-41 is the force-applying end. When the force-applying end is pressed downward, the second top 2-2 rises vertically, and the rotating shaft 2-43 moves in the elongated through hole 2-410 to adapt to the force of the upper end of the second top 2-2 on the main shaft. The additional lifting drive device of the second top 2-2 is conducive to convenient installation and crankshaft 4.

[0031] The upper and lower ends of the side strips 3-1 are connected to the upper seat plate 2-1 and the base plate 1-1 respectively.

[0032] During measurement, the crankshaft 4 is vertically installed between the first and second centers.

[0033] When using the above detection tool to measure the main journal runout of the crankshaft 4, 1) install the movable table seat 3-4, use the same number of movable table seats 3-4 as the number of main journals of the crankshaft 4 to be measured, insert the guide slider 3-41 into the bar-shaped through hole 3-2, adjust the vertical position of the guide slider 3-41 to match the required measurement position of the main journal to be measured, and fix the guide slider 3-41;

[0034] 2) Clamp the workpiece, move the big end of the crankshaft 4 to be tested in a longitudinal tilt of 15-20°, and place the center hole of the big end of the crankshaft 4 on the conical surface of the first center 1-2; press down the force end of the lever arm 2-41, the second center 2-2 rises, and the spring 2-3 is compressed; straighten the crankshaft 4, release the force end, the spring 2-3 stretches, the second center 2-2 descends, and is pressed into the center hole of the small end of the crankshaft 4;

[0035] 3) Install the dial gauge assembly for measurement, insert the dial gauge 5 into the gauge sleeve and tighten it, then insert the gauge sleeve into the guide slider 3-41, and press the gauge sleeve with artificial external force; rotate the crankshaft to be measured to detect the radial runout of each main journal;

[0036] 4) Remove the workpiece and complete the inspection. Press down the force-applying end of the lever arm 2-41 to remove the crankshaft 4 workpiece from the inspection tool.

[0037] It can be seen that the additional lever mechanism 2-4 is conducive to convenient installation and unloading of the crankshaft 4 during measurement, reduces labor intensity and improves work efficiency.

Claims

1. A detection tool for measuring crankshaft main journal runout, comprising a crankshaft support seat and a measuring device. During measurement, the crankshaft can be rotatably mounted on the crankshaft support seat, and the measuring device is arranged on one side of the crankshaft, and is characterized in that: The measuring device includes a guide rail device, no less than two mobile meter seats and a measuring rod type measuring meter installed on the mobile meter seat. The guide rail device is provided with a slide rail parallel to the crankshaft main axis. The mobile meter seat is installed on the slide rail. The spacing between the mobile meter seats can be adjusted along the slide rail direction. During measurement, the mobile meter seat is fixed on the slide rail. The measuring rods of the measuring rod type measuring meter are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the slide rail. Its measuring head contacts the crankshaft main journal and points to the main axis. The guide rail device is a side strip plate, which is parallel to the crankshaft main axis. The slide rail is a strip through hole set on the side strip plate. The mobile meter seat is installed in the strip through hole. The mobile meter seat The spacing between them can be adjusted along the length direction of the strip through hole. The movable meter seat includes a guide slider. The front and rear widths of the guide slider are adapted to the width of the strip through hole. The guide slider is provided with a measuring meter installation through hole. One end of the guide slider is provided with wing plates along the front and rear directions. The wing plates are provided with bolt installation through holes. Two bolt fixing grooves are provided on the side strip plates in parallel with the strip through holes. The two bolt fixing grooves are respectively located on both sides of the strip through holes. When measuring, the measuring rod type measuring meter is fixed in the measuring meter installation through hole. The guide slider is inserted into the strip through hole. The front and rear walls of the guide slider are attached to the inner wall of the strip through hole. The fixing bolts pass through the bolt installation through holes on the wing plates and are inserted into The guide slider is fixed on the side strip in the bolt fixing groove, and the side strip is vertically arranged. The crankshaft support seat includes a fixed top device and a movable top device installed above the fixed top device. The fixed top device includes a base plate and a first top installed on the base plate, the first top is arranged upward, and the movable top device includes an upper seat plate, a spring, a limit pin and a second top. The second top is aligned with the first top and is arranged downward. The second top can be installed in the top through hole set on the upper seat plate for movement up and down. The spring is sleeved on the second top, and the upper end surface of the spring is tightly against the bottom surface of the upper seat plate. The limit pin is inserted into the pin through hole at the upper end of the second top, and is used To limit the downward movement of the second top relative to the upper seat plate, the upper and lower ends of the side strips are respectively connected to the upper seat plate and the base plate. During measurement, the crankshaft is vertically installed between the first and second tops. The movable top device is also provided with a lifting drive mechanism, which is a lever mechanism. The lever mechanism includes a support rod and a lever arm connected to the top of the support rod through a rotating shaft. The bottom end of the support rod is arranged on the upper seat plate. An elongated through hole for installing the rotating shaft is provided in the middle of the lever arm. The length direction of the elongated through hole is consistent with that of the lever. The rotating shaft can move along its length direction in the elongated through hole. One end of the lever arm is hinged to the upper end of the second top, and the other end of the lever arm is a force-applying end.

2. The detection tool for measuring crankshaft main journal runout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring rod type measuring meter is installed in the measuring meter installation through hole through a meter cover, and the meter cover includes a measuring rod sleeve, the measuring rod sleeve is columnar, the measuring rod passes through a through hole of a size adapted to the center of the measuring rod sleeve, and the side wall of the measuring rod sleeve is provided with a threaded through hole for fastening the measuring meter. The measuring rod sleeve is also provided with a gradually shrinking tapered portion along the insertion direction of the measuring rod. The measuring meter installation through hole is set to a bucket shape that gradually shrinks along the insertion direction of the measuring rod, and the tapered portion is adapted to the bucket-shaped measuring meter installation through hole. During measurement, the side wall of the tapered portion is close to the inner wall of the measuring meter installation through hole.

3. The detection tool for measuring crankshaft main journal runout according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The measuring rod type measuring gauge is a micrometer.

4. A method for measuring crankshaft main journal runout, comprising the steps of using the detection tool for measuring crankshaft main journal runout as claimed in claim 1 and setting up the crankshaft to be tested, wherein: The method also includes the following steps: determining the number of measuring gauges, using the same number of measuring rod-type measuring gauges according to the number of crankshaft main journal sections; adjusting the spacing between the measuring gauges, installing the measuring rod-type measuring gauges on the slide rails, and adjusting the distance between the measuring rod-type measuring gauges so that the measuring head of each measuring rod-type measuring gauge is aligned with a section of the main journal; fixing the measuring gauges, fixing the measuring rod-type measuring gauges on the slide rails; measuring the readings, rotating the crankshaft to be measured, and obtaining the runout deviation of each section of the main journal.

5. The method for measuring crankshaft main journal runout according to claim 4, characterized in that: The measuring rod type measuring gauge is a micrometer.

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