Furnace rollers and combustion furnace grates

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of waste treatment equipment, and in particular relates to a furnace roller and a combustion furnace grate, comprising a steel pipe, wherein an insulating layer is arranged on the outer circumference of the steel pipe, a plurality of steel plates are connected to the steel pipe after passing through the insulating layer, and a buffer layer is arranged between the steel plate and the insulating layer to reduce the extrusion between the steel plate and the insulating layer due to high-temperature expansion; when the furnace roller is under high-temperature conditions, the steel plate and the insulating layer are heated and expanded, and the steel plate and the insulating layer squeeze the buffer layer after expansion, and the buffer layer has elastic properties, and the buffer layer is elastically deformed within an elastic range after being squeezed by the steel plate and the insulating layer, thereby avoiding the situation where the steel plate and the insulating layer collide and are damaged due to direct contact after expansion, thereby improving the stability of the furnace roller under high-temperature conditions, and having a stable structure, a long service life, and high safety performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of waste processing equipment, and in particular relates to a furnace roller and a combustion furnace grate. Background Art

[0002] As living standards improve, more and more domestic waste is generated, and the content of non-degradable components is also increasing, causing increasing environmental pollution. Currently, the best disposal method is centralized waste incineration for power generation. This has high investment costs and large processing volumes, and is generally used in large and medium-sized cities with large populations. For smaller towns and rural areas with relatively low domestic waste production, long-distance transportation is required, which is very costly in terms of infrastructure construction and transportation costs.

[0003] Therefore, decentralized, small-scale domestic waste disposal facilities are essential for smaller towns and rural areas with lower population densities. Small-scale waste gasification incinerators, with their small processing capacity, simple structure, and ease of operation, are highly suitable for these areas. Currently, the grates in these incinerators operate under high temperatures for extended periods, causing them to deform and hinder waste transport. These incinerators also lack stability and pose safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a furnace roller, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the furnace roller is deformed due to working under high temperature conditions for a long time.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides a furnace roller, including a steel pipe, an outer circumference of the steel pipe is provided with a thermal insulation layer, a plurality of steel plates are connected to the steel pipe after passing through the thermal insulation layer, and a buffer layer is provided between the steel plate and the thermal insulation layer to reduce the extrusion between the steel plate and the thermal insulation layer due to high-temperature expansion.

[0006] Optionally, the buffer layer is made of aluminum silicate fiber.

[0007] Optionally, the thermal insulation layer includes a fixed plate and a concrete layer; the fixed plate is connected to the steel plate, and the concrete layer is arranged on a side of the fixed plate away from the steel pipe.

[0008] Optionally, a gap is provided between the fixing plate and the steel pipe to reduce deformation of the steel pipe due to uneven force.

[0009] Optionally, reinforcing ribs are provided in the concrete layer.

[0010] Optionally, six steel plates are provided, and each of the steel plates is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the steel pipe.

[0011] Optionally, the steel plate is perpendicular to the circumferential surface of the steel pipe.

[0012] Optionally, the thermal insulation layers are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the steel pipe, and a support plate is connected between two adjacent thermal insulation layers.

[0013] Optionally, the buffer layer is provided between the support plate and the thermal insulation layer.

[0014] The above one or more technical solutions in the roller grate provided by the embodiment of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: under high temperature conditions, the steel plates and the thermal insulation layer of the furnace roller expand due to heat, and the steel plates and the thermal insulation layer squeeze the buffer layer after expansion. The buffer layer has elastic properties, and the buffer layer undergoes elastic deformation within the elastic range after being squeezed by the steel plates and the thermal insulation layer, thereby avoiding the situation where the steel plates and the thermal insulation layer collide with each other and are damaged due to direct contact after expansion, thereby improving the stability of the furnace roller under high temperature conditions, and having a stable structure, a long service life, and high safety performance.

[0015] The present invention also provides a combustion furnace grate, comprising the above-mentioned furnace roller.

[0016] The above one or more technical solutions in the combustion furnace grate provided by the embodiment of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: the combustion furnace grate is placed horizontally and tilted in the combustion furnace to facilitate the transportation of waste materials, and the various furnace rollers in the combustion furnace grate are arranged in sequence; a buffer layer is arranged in the furnace roller to avoid the steel plate and the insulation layer from colliding and being damaged due to direct contact after expansion, thereby improving the stability of the furnace roller under high temperature conditions, and having a stable structure, a long service life and high safety performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a combustion furnace provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a circumferential cross-section of a furnace roller provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 A top view of a furnace roller provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are:

[0022] 10 - furnace roller 11 - steel pipe 12 - thermal insulation layer

[0023] 13—Steel plate 14—Buffer layer 15—Slag crushing active roller

[0024] 16 - Support plate 20 - Combustion furnace 30 - Gas outlet device

[0025] 40—coke breaking device 120—fixed plate 121—concrete layer

[0026] 122—Reinforcement ribs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. Figures 1 to 3 The described embodiments are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0030] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connected," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, a furnace roller 10 is provided, such as Figure 2As shown, it includes a steel pipe 11, an outer circumference of the steel pipe 11 is provided with a heat insulation layer 12, a plurality of steel plates 13 are connected to the steel pipe 11 after passing through the heat insulation layer 12, and a buffer layer 14 is provided between the steel plate 13 and the heat insulation layer 12 to reduce the extrusion between the steel plate 13 and the heat insulation layer 12 due to high temperature expansion.

[0032] In the embodiment of the invention, under high temperature conditions, the steel plate 13 and the thermal insulation layer 12 of the furnace roller expand due to the heat. After the steel plate 13 and the thermal insulation layer 12 expand, they squeeze the buffer layer 14. The buffer layer 14 has elastic properties. After being squeezed by the steel plate 13 and the thermal insulation layer 12, the buffer layer 14 undergoes elastic deformation within the elastic range, thereby avoiding the situation where the steel plate 13 and the thermal insulation layer 12 collide and are damaged due to direct contact after expansion, thereby improving the stability of the furnace roller 10 under high temperature conditions, and having a stable structure, a long service life, and high safety performance.

[0033] In another embodiment of the present invention, the buffer layer 14 of the furnace roller is made of aluminum silicate fiber; aluminum silicate fiber, also known as ceramic fiber, is a new type of lightweight refractory material. This material has the advantages of light bulk density, high temperature resistance, good thermal stability, low thermal conductivity, small heat capacity, good resistance to mechanical vibration, small thermal expansion, and good thermal insulation performance. After special processing, it can be made into aluminum silicate fiberboard, aluminum silicate fiber felt, aluminum silicate fiber rope, aluminum silicate fiber blanket and other products, which have the characteristics of low high temperature resistance and thermal conductivity, light bulk density, long service life, high tensile strength, good elasticity and non-toxicity.

[0034] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the thermal insulation layer 12 of the furnace roller 10 includes a fixed plate 120 and a concrete layer 121; the fixed plate 120 is connected to the steel plate 13, and the concrete layer 121 is arranged on the side of the fixed plate 120 away from the steel pipe 11. The fixed plate 120 is connected between the two steel plates 13 to enhance the stability of the steel plates 13; the concrete layer 121 is laid on the side of the fixed plate 120 away from the steel pipe 11, and the thermal insulation layer 12 is the outer layer of the furnace roller 10 and is used to directly contact the waste. When the furnace roller 10 rotates, the thermal insulation layer 12 contacts the waste and continues to transport the waste.

[0035] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, a gap is provided between the fixed plate 120 of the furnace roller 10 and the steel pipe 11 to reduce deformation of the steel pipe 11 due to uneven force; the fixed plate 120 and the steel pipe 11 are overhead to reduce the force of the insulation layer 12 on the steel pipe 11, thereby improving the stability of the steel pipe 11 during operation and making the steel pipe 11 rotate more smoothly.

[0036] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2As shown, the concrete layer 121 of the furnace roller 10 is provided with reinforcing ribs 122 , which are provided to improve the strength of the heat insulating layer 12 , increase the load bearing capacity of the heat insulating layer 12 , and further improve the stability of the furnace roller.

[0037] Specifically, a plurality of hooks for increasing strength are provided in the concrete layer 121 of the furnace roller 10 .

[0038] In another embodiment of the present invention, the furnace roller 10 is provided with six steel plates 13, and each of the steel plates 13 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the steel pipe 11; the circumferential cross-section of the furnace roller 10 is hexagonal, and the outermost insulation layer 12 constitutes the edge of the hexagon. The steel plate 13 passes through the angle of the hexagon and is fixedly connected to the steel pipe 11. The hexagonal structure formed between the steel pipe 11, the steel plate 13 and the insulation layer 12 has strong bearing capacity and high anti-interference degree; the circumferential cross-section of the furnace roller 10 is not limited to a regular hexagon, and can be set to other shapes.

[0039] In another embodiment of the present invention, the steel plate 13 of the furnace roller 10 is perpendicular to the circumferential surface of the steel pipe 11, and the steel pipe 11 is perpendicular to the tangent of the connection point between the steel plate 13 and the steel pipe 11, thereby increasing the stress on the steel plate 13; specifically, the steel plate 13 is connected to the steel pipe 11 using a fixed connection method of welding, and the steel plate 13 can be fixed by rivet connection.

[0040] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the heat insulation layers 12 of the furnace roller 10 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the steel pipe 11 , and a support plate 16 is connected between two adjacent heat insulation layers 12 ; the heat insulation layers 12 are arranged into multiple sections for easy processing.

[0041] In another embodiment of the present invention, the buffer layer 14 is provided between the support plate 16 of the furnace roller 10 and the thermal insulation layer 12; the support plate 16 and the thermal insulation layer 12 expand due to heat and squeeze the buffer layer 14, causing the buffer layer 14 to undergo elastic deformation, thereby avoiding direct contact between the support plate 16 and the thermal insulation layer 12, reducing deformation due to mutual squeezing, and improving structural stability.

[0042] The present invention also provides a combustion furnace grate, including the above-mentioned furnace roller 10; when the furnace roller 10 is under high temperature conditions, the steel plate 13 and the thermal insulation layer 12 are heated and expanded, and the steel plate 13 and the thermal insulation layer 12 squeeze the buffer layer 14 after expansion. The buffer layer 14 has elastic properties. After being squeezed by the steel plate 13 and the thermal insulation layer 12, the buffer layer 14 undergoes elastic deformation within the elastic range, avoiding the situation where the steel plate 13 and the thermal insulation layer 12 collide with each other due to direct contact after expansion and are damaged, thereby improving the stability of the furnace roller 10 under high temperature conditions, and having a stable structure, a long service life, and high safety performance.

[0043] Specifically, there is no limitation on the setting mode of the combustion furnace grate, and it can be applied to reverse reciprocating grate, stepped multi-level grate, reciprocating shaking grate, two-stage reciprocating grate, three-drive reverse grate or other setting modes.

[0044] Specifically, the combustion furnace grate also includes an adjusting roller, which is arranged between two adjacent furnace rollers 10 and is used to adjust the gap between the two furnace rollers 10 to avoid the gap between the two adjacent furnace rollers 10 being too large or too small to affect the normal operation of the furnace rollers 10.

[0045] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the combustion furnace grate also includes a slag crushing active roller 15, which is arranged opposite to the furnace roller 10 placed at the end to crush the waste passing between the slag crushing active roller 15 and the furnace roller 10; the waste after high-temperature combustion is completed is transported to the side of the slag crushing active roller 15, and the slag crushing active roller 15 cooperates with the furnace roller 10 placed at the end to crush the waste to perform the first step of coke breaking, so that the coke blocks formed by combustion are crushed and decomposed into small pieces of coke blocks under the external force of the slag crushing active roller 15, so as to avoid the formation of blocks in the later combustion, and the inability to uniformly discharge and remove slag, which causes the gasification furnace to be unable to operate continuously. The first step of coke breaking process allows the coke blocks to move downward with the slag to complete continuous work.

[0046] Specifically, the structure of the slag crushing active roller 15 is the same as that of each furnace roller 10 in the combustion furnace grate.

[0047] In another embodiment of the present invention, each of the steel pipes 1111 of the combustion furnace grate is connected to a different motor so that each of the furnace rollers 10 can work independently; frequency conversion technology can be used for control, and a frequency converter or other existing controller can be used to control each motor to work separately, and flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions to achieve ideal working conditions.

[0048] Specifically, a combustion furnace 20 includes the above-mentioned combustion furnace grate; the combustion furnace grate is horizontally and tiltedly arranged in the combustion furnace 20 to facilitate the transportation of waste.

[0049] Specifically, the steps of burning the waste in the combustion furnace 20 are:

[0050] Step 1: Drying and dehydrating the waste. The waste is placed in a combustion furnace 20 and dried by using a heating method such as hot air;

[0051] Step 2: High-temperature combustion of the waste. The waste is transported to the combustion area of ​​the combustion furnace 20. The combustion area of ​​the combustion furnace 20 generates a high temperature of about 900° to burn the waste.

[0052] Step 3: Burn out. The waste is burned at high temperature to form ash. The furnace rollers 10 transport the ash and take it away from the combustion area.

[0053] Specifically, a hot air drying device is provided in the combustion furnace 20, and the hot air drying device is arranged at the waste inlet of the combustion furnace 20. After the waste enters the hot air drying device through the material inlet, the hot air drying device generates hot air to dry the waste, thereby reducing the moisture in the waste and improving the combustion effect of the subsequent combustion process. The hot air drying device belongs to the existing technology, and its structure and working principle are well known to people in this field, so it will not be elaborated.

[0054] Specifically, a refractory insulation layer is provided in the combustion furnace 20 for heat preservation, thereby improving the gasification efficiency and the utilization rate of thermal energy, and further improving the safety performance.

[0055] Specifically, the combustion furnace 20 is also provided with an exhaust device 30 for evenly discharging the biomass gas. The exhaust device 30 is connected to the combustion area of ​​the combustion furnace 20. The exhaust device 30 evenly discharges the biomass gas. Multiple exhaust ports make the gas speed uniform. In this embodiment, four exhaust ports are provided to avoid uneven burning.

[0056] Specifically, the combustion furnace 20 also includes a coke breaking device 40 for decomposing the waste after combustion; the waste on the grate enters the coke breaking device 40 after high-temperature combustion, and the external force is transmitted to the coke breaking body through the movement of the cylinder, thereby destroying the bridging of coke blocks and the combustion-air situation in the lower part, allowing the coke blocks to complete continuous work as the slag moves downward; the coke breaking device 40 adopts a mechanical coke breaking method, and the coke breaking device 40 is set to replace the traditional water-sealed slag discharge method to reduce secondary pollution, and the water-bubbled slag is converted into dry slag discharge, providing the economic value of carbon slag, and the slag discharge amount can be adjusted in time according to needs, and the response time is short; the coke blocks after the first step of coke breaking enter the coke breaking device to realize the second step of slope coke, further improving the coke breaking effect of the coke blocks. The coke breaking device is well known to people in this field and does not involve structural improvement. Any device that can realize the decomposition function of the coke blocks after combustion can be replaced.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A furnace roller, characterized in that: It comprises a steel pipe, the outer circumference of which is provided with a heat insulating layer, a plurality of steel plates are connected to the steel pipe after passing through the heat insulating layer, a buffer layer is provided between the steel plate and the heat insulating layer to reduce the extrusion between the steel plate and the heat insulating layer due to high temperature expansion; the buffer layer has elastic properties, and the buffer layer undergoes elastic deformation within an elastic range after being squeezed by the steel plate and the heat insulating layer; the heat insulating layer comprises a fixed plate and a concrete layer; the fixed plate is connected to the steel plate, and the concrete layer is provided on a side of the fixed plate away from the steel pipe.

2. The furnace roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer layer is made of aluminum silicate fiber.

3. The furnace roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is provided between the fixing plate and the steel pipe to reduce deformation of the steel pipe due to uneven force.

4. The furnace roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: Reinforcing ribs are arranged in the concrete layer.

5. The furnace roller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: There are six steel plates, and each of the steel plates is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the steel pipe.

6. The furnace roller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steel plate is perpendicular to the circumferential surface of the steel pipe.

7. The furnace roller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The heat insulation layers are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the steel pipe, and a support plate is connected between two adjacent heat insulation layers.

8. The furnace roller according to claim 7, characterized in that The buffer layer is provided between the support plate and the heat insulation layer.

9. A combustion furnace grate, characterized in that: The invention comprises the furnace roller according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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