A floating root cutting device for combined harvesting of garlic

Abstract

The present invention relates to a floating root cutting device for combined harvesting of garlic in the field of agricultural machinery technology, wherein the floating root cutting main body comprises a protective mesh cover inclined in the opposite direction of garlic conveying; a plurality of floating springs are installed on the mounting frame, and the floating springs support and connect a connecting frame arranged at the lower side of the protective mesh cover; the protective mesh cover is built with a knife disc close to its top wall, and a knife disc base assembly supporting and fixing the knife disc, and the mounting frame is installed with a rotating driving component driving the knife disc base assembly and the knife disc to rotate at high speed; the top wall of the protective mesh cover is arranged as a mesh structure with a plurality of top grid holes, and the top center part thereof is arranged as a circular hole structure penetrating from top to bottom to position the garlic, the top center part of the protective mesh cover is directly opposite to the center of the alignment chain, and the top grid hole penetrates the top wall of the protective mesh cover and the upper part of the side wall of the protective mesh cover from front to back, so that cutting indicators such as root system cutting rate, cutting efficiency, and effective cutting force can be significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a garlic combined harvester and root cutting device. Background Art

[0002] Garlic is an important cash crop and a highly competitive export product in my country. my country ranks first in the world in terms of annual garlic planting area, output and export volume. In recent years, due to the rising cost of manual garlic harvesting and high labor intensity, the cost of garlic production has remained high, and farmers are in urgent need of mechanized garlic harvesting equipment. At present, there is no garlic combine harvesting equipment in the domestic market, and a few garlic combine harvesting prototypes are still in the research and development stage. The main reason is that the technical problem of mechanized root cutting has not been solved. Mechanized root cutting is the main problem that garlic combine harvesting equipment urgently needs to solve, and it is also the most technically difficult operation link. After consulting relevant domestic and foreign information, there are no garlic harvesting products that can realize mechanized root cutting operations.

[0003] Existing patents CN201410335115.6 / CN201410335084.4 / CN201410335126.4, etc., are all rolling cutting (i.e. the cutter rotates around the axis, the blade is parallel to the axis of rotation or has a slight inclination angle), the actual application effect is not good, and it is difficult to apply in actual production. The problems are as follows: First, this type of root cutting device can only achieve the shortest root cutting effect when the lower spherical surface of the garlic is located at the highest point of the cutter's rotating surface. In addition, since each root can only pass through the highest point once and is cut a small number of times, there is a phenomenon of missed cutting. Second, in order to achieve a sliding cutting effect, the blade of this type of root cutting device is usually designed to have a certain angle with the rotating axis, which results in "the middle of the blade is closest to the axis of rotation", that is, the cutting point in the middle of the blade is the farthest from the garlic, so that the residual roots are longer than those in other parts after cutting, and the shortest cutting effect cannot be obtained. Third, all cutting is done without support (i.e. one end of the root grows on the garlic head, and the other end is free without support), and the root system may float, reducing the force of the cutter on the root system. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to provide a floating root cutting device for garlic combined harvesting, so that cutting indicators such as root system clean cutting rate, cutting efficiency, and effective cutting force can be significantly improved.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: A floating root cutting device for garlic combined harvesting comprises a clamping chain, an alignment chain and a floating root cutting main body component, wherein the floating root cutting main body component comprises a fixedly arranged mounting frame and a protective mesh cover with a round cover structure and arranged obliquely in the opposite direction of garlic conveying;

[0006] A plurality of floating springs are installed on the installation frame, and the floating springs support and connect the connecting frame arranged on the lower side of the protective net cover;

[0007] The protective net cover has a built-in cutter disc near its top wall and a cutter disc base assembly that supports and fixes the cutter disc, and the mounting frame is equipped with a rotating drive component that drives the cutter disc base assembly and the cutter disc to rotate at high speed around the central axis of the protective net cover;

[0008] The top wall of the protective mesh cover is configured as a mesh structure densely covered with a plurality of top grid holes, and the top center portion thereof is configured as a circular hole structure penetrating from top to bottom to position the garlic, the top center portion of the protective mesh cover is directly opposite to the center of the alignment chain, and the top grid holes penetrate the top wall of the protective mesh cover and the upper portion of the side walls of the protective mesh cover from front to back.

[0009] Furthermore, the top wall of the protective net cover has a plurality of top bars, any two adjacent top bars are spaced apart from each other to form the top bar hole, and part of the top bars corresponding to the top center part of the protective net cover are bent downward to form a positioning structure that matches the lower spherical surface of the garlic and can support the lower spherical surface of the garlic.

[0010] Furthermore, the top grid hole is composed of three sections, the middle section is a straight hole structure parallel to the garlic conveying direction, the front arc structure of the top grid hole is opposite to the rear arc structure in the arching direction, and is arched in accordance with the rotating cutting direction of the knife disc, and the knife disc is arranged with a plurality of cutting knife assemblies evenly distributed in annular direction with its rotation center as the reference.

[0011] Furthermore, the cutting knife assembly includes a horizontal knife and a vertical knife facing the top grid hole, the horizontal knife is parallel to the top wall of the protective mesh cover and close to the top wall of the protective mesh cover, and from an axial perspective based on the rotation axis of the cutter disc, the horizontal knife is inclined 20° in the opposite direction of the rotation of the cutter disc, and the vertical knife is parallel to the rotation axis of the cutter disc and close to the side wall of the protective mesh cover.

[0012] Furthermore, the above-mentioned rotation driving component for driving the cutter disc base assembly and the cutter disc to rotate includes:

[0013] A drive motor is mounted on the mounting frame;

[0014] The transmission mechanism is transmission-connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, and has an output shaft on its output side;

[0015] The transmission shaft passes through and is fixedly connected to the cutter disc base assembly, and coaxially rotates and passes through the connecting frame;

[0016] The transmission shaft is movably sleeved with the output shaft, and the transmission shaft is movably arranged to be telescopic along the axial direction of the output shaft.

[0017] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism comprises:

[0018] The flat key sleeve is vertically arranged and sleeved on the output spindle of the driving motor;

[0019] A spherical inner sleeve is coaxially sleeved on the flat key sleeve, the outer side of which is set as a spherical structure and has a plurality of inner sleeve raceways extending along the meridian direction of the outer spherical surface of the spherical inner sleeve, and all the inner sleeve raceways of the spherical inner sleeve are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction based on the axis of the flat key sleeve; and

[0020] A spherical outer shell, whose inner and outer surfaces are arranged as concentric spherical surfaces, the spherical inner sleeve is in the inner cavity of the spherical outer shell and leaves a free gap with the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell, the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell has a plurality of outer shell raceways, the outer shell raceways extend through the meridian direction of the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell, the outer shell raceways are equal in number to the inner sleeve raceways and are matched one by one;

[0021] A spherical retainer and a plurality of balls are arranged in the free gap between the spherical outer shell and the spherical inner sleeve. The spherical retainer is provided with a plurality of insertion holes. The balls are movably installed in the insertion holes one by one. Each ball rolls and contacts the outer shell raceway and the inner sleeve raceway corresponding to it at the same time. The spherical outer shell is movably matched with the spherical inner sleeve through the balls and moves relative to the spherical inner sleeve.

[0022] An upper bracket is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the spherical shell, the output shaft is fixed on the upper bracket, and the rotation axis of the spherical shell coincides with the rotation axis of the output shaft.

[0023] Furthermore, the cutter disc base assembly includes a mounting seat, a platform plate and several columns. The mounting seat is an overall circular ring structure, the mounting seat supports and is fixedly connected to the cutter disc, the platform plate is a circular plate structure, the mounting seat is located directly above the platform plate and is coaxially arranged with the platform plate, the mounting seat and the platform plate are arranged at intervals up and down, the platform plate is supported and fixedly connected to the mounting seat by the columns, the transmission shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to the center of the lower surface of the platform plate, and a plurality of arc-shaped blades are fixed on the upper surface of the platform plate, which are circumferentially evenly distributed with their central axis as the central axis. The arc-shaped blades are arranged as an arc-shaped plate structure and are arched along the rotation direction of the platform plate.

[0024] Furthermore, the knife disc also includes a knife group mounting frame which is an overall circular ring structure and is fixedly arranged on the knife disc base assembly, and a plurality of double knife mounting blocks which correspond one to one to the cutting knife assemblies, the horizontal knife and the vertical knife are detachably mounted on the double knife mounting blocks, and all the double knife mounting blocks are evenly distributed circumferentially with the center of the knife group mounting frame as the reference.

[0025] Furthermore, the transmission shaft consists of two parts, the upper part of the transmission shaft passes through and is fixedly connected to the cutter disc base assembly, and coaxially rotates through the connecting frame, the lower part of the transmission shaft is configured as a square shaft with a square cross-sectional structure, the output shaft is configured as a sleeve structure and has a square hole, and the square shaft of the transmission shaft is movably sleeved in the square hole of the output shaft.

[0026] Furthermore, the angle between the top surface of the protective mesh cover and the garlic conveying direction is 10°.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. The cutting efficiency is significantly improved, and the installation method is exquisite and simple;

[0029] 2. By utilizing the deformable characteristics of the floating spring and the adaptively adjustable transmission mechanism, the protective mesh can be adaptively floated (i.e., contour floating) when impacted by the garlic, and the cutter disc and cutter disc base assembly can also adaptively float with the protective mesh, and can float in any direction, with good floating freedom and good process flexibility;

[0030] 3. The root clean-cut rate is significantly improved. The knife disc rotates at a high speed, and the garlic root group is cut twice by the vertical knife and twice by the horizontal knife, which increases the number of cuts and the root clean-cut rate. At the same time, from the axial perspective of the knife disc rotation axis, the horizontal knife is inclined at a certain angle relative to the opposite direction of the knife disc rotation. The horizontal knife can form a sliding cut on the garlic root group, which improves the success rate of a single cut;

[0031] 4. The protective net cover is tilted to ensure that when the garlic presses against the protective net cover, the protective net cover can float along the lower spherical surface of the garlic under the action of the smaller pressing force of the garlic;

[0032] 5. The top grid hole penetrates the top wall of the protective mesh cover and the upper part of the side wall of the protective mesh cover from front to back, so as to guide the garlic root system to pass through it so as to facilitate the knife disc to cut in a spiral manner. In addition, the top grid bar corresponding to the top center part of the protective mesh cover is bent downward to form a positioning structure that matches the lower spherical surface of the garlic head and can support the lower spherical surface of the garlic head, so as to facilitate the positioning of the garlic head during cutting. In addition, in the process of the garlic head passing through the protective mesh cover, the top grid bar on the front side of the top center part plays a role in preliminarily combing the garlic root system group, and after the cutting effect of the vertical knife and the horizontal knife in turn, the top grid bar on the rear side of the top center part is equivalent to a "comb"-like structure, which can comb the messy garlic root system group after the first two cuts again, so that the roots in the garlic root system group can penetrate into the top grid hole, thereby improving the cutting rate of the garlic root system group by the cutting knife assembly (horizontal knife, vertical knife);

[0033] 6. The transmission mechanism in the rotary drive component of the cutter disc has good flexibility and can adapt well to the floating state of the protective mesh and the cutter disc, and always ensure the efficiency and accuracy of the transmission. Among them, the transmission shaft can move axially relative to the output shaft to adapt to the axial offset of the protective mesh and the cutter disc, and the spherical outer shell can move longitudinally around the spherical inner sleeve along with the output shaft to adapt to the lateral offset of the protective mesh and the cutter disc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the alignment arrangement of the clamping chain and the floating root cutting main body.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main components of the floating root cutting.

[0037] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main components of the floating root cutting.

[0038] Figure 5 It is the front side view of the main part of the floating root cutting.

[0039] Figure 6 It is a top view of the main part of the floating root cutting.

[0040] Figure 7 It is a longitudinal section diagram of the reversing transmission mechanism.

[0041] Figure 8 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the reversing transmission mechanism.

[0042] Fig. 9 It is a structural diagram of the protective net.

[0043] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cutter disc base assembly.

[0044] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of the cutter disc base assembly.

[0045] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional arrangement of the cutter assembly on the cutter disc.

[0046] Fig.13 It is a top view schematic diagram of the cutter assembly on the cutter disc.

[0047] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutter assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following is combined with Figure 1-14 The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0049] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a floating root cutting device for garlic combine harvester comprises a clamping chain 1, an alignment chain 2 and a floating root cutting main body component 3.

[0050] like Figure 3-6As shown, the floating root cutting main body 3 includes a fixed mounting frame 12 and a round cover structure protective mesh 10 which is tilted in the opposite direction of garlic conveying. The angle between the top surface of the protective mesh 10 and the conveying direction of the garlic is 10° to prevent the garlic from directly hitting the protective mesh 10 during the conveying process. The protective mesh 10 is tilted to ensure that when the garlic presses against the protective mesh 10, the protective mesh 10 can follow the lower spherical surface of the garlic to float under the relatively small pressure of the garlic.

[0051] Three floating springs 11 are installed on the installation frame 12 , and the floating springs 11 support and connect the connecting frame 7 arranged at the lower side of the protective net cover 10 .

[0052] The protective mesh cover 10 has a built-in cutter disc 9 near its top wall, and a cutter disc base assembly 8 that supports and fixes the cutter disc 9. The mounting frame 12 is equipped with a rotating drive component that drives the cutter disc base assembly 8 and the cutter disc 9 to rotate at high speed around the central axis of the protective mesh cover 10.

[0053] like Figure 6 , 9 As shown, the top wall of the protective mesh cover 10 is arranged as a mesh structure densely covered with a plurality of top grid holes 10b (similar to a comb-like structure when viewed from top to bottom), and the top center portion 10c thereof is arranged as a circular hole structure penetrating from top to bottom to position the garlic. The top center portion 10c of the protective mesh cover 10 is directly opposite to the center of the alignment chain 2. According to the conveying direction of the garlic, the top grid holes 10b penetrate the top wall of the protective mesh cover 10 and the upper part of the side wall of the protective mesh cover 10 from front to back.

[0054] The top wall of the protective net cover 10 is provided with a plurality of top bars 10a, any two adjacent top bars 10a are spaced apart from each other and form a top bar hole 10b, the top bar hole 10b is composed of three sections, the middle section is a straight hole structure parallel to the conveying direction of the garlic, the front arc structure of the top bar hole 10b is opposite to the rear arc structure in the arching direction, and arches in accordance with the rotating cutting direction of the knife disc 9, the part of the top bar 10a corresponding to the top center part 10c of the protective net cover 10 is bent downward to form a positioning structure that matches the lower spherical surface of the garlic and can support the lower spherical surface of the garlic, the part of the top bar 10a bent downward forms a spherical shape, which can accurately position the garlic, and the lower spherical surface of the garlic is tightly fitted with the above positioning structure in the top center part 10c of the protective net cover 10, so that the garlic root group can smoothly enter the rear section of the top bar hole 10b from the front section of the top bar hole 10b for cutting, and it is beneficial to the contour floating of the protective net cover 10. During operation, the garlic head presses against the protective mesh cover 10, causing the connecting frame 7 to swing synchronously with the protective mesh cover 10 and compress or stretch the three floating springs 11. In addition, since the cutter disc base assembly 8 is also assembled with the connecting frame 7, the cutter disc 9 also floats synchronously with the protective mesh cover 10.

[0055] like Fig.12 As shown, the cutter disc 9 is provided with a plurality of cutter assemblies 901 evenly distributed in an annular direction with its rotation center as reference.

[0056] like Figure 12-14 As shown, the above-mentioned cutting knife assembly 901 includes a horizontal knife 901a and a vertical knife 901b facing the top grid hole 10b. The horizontal knife 901a is parallel to the top wall of the protective mesh cover 10 and close to the top wall of the protective mesh cover 10, leaving a gap of 1mm. From the axial perspective based on the rotation axis of the knife disc 9, the horizontal knife 901a is inclined β=20° in the opposite direction of rotation of the knife disc 9, so that the horizontal knife 901a can slide and cut the garlic root system, thereby improving the success rate of a single cutting. The vertical knife 901b is parallel to the rotation axis of the knife disc 9 and close to the side wall of the protective mesh cover 10, leaving a gap of 1mm.

[0057] Combination Figure 4 , 7 As shown in FIG. 8 , the above-mentioned rotation driving component for driving the cutter disc base assembly 8 and the cutter disc 9 to rotate includes:

[0058] A drive motor 4 is mounted on a mounting frame 12;

[0059] The transmission mechanism 5 is transmission-connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 4, and has an output shaft 507 on its output side;

[0060] The transmission shaft 6 passes through and is fixedly connected to the cutter disc base assembly 8, and coaxially rotates and passes through the connecting frame 7.

[0061] Among them, the above-mentioned transmission shaft 6 is movably connected with the output shaft 507, and the transmission shaft 6 is movably arranged to be telescopic along the axial direction of the output shaft 507; the transmission shaft 6 is composed of an upper and lower part, the upper part of the transmission shaft 6 passes through and is fixedly connected to the cutter disc base assembly 8, and the lower part of the transmission shaft 6 is set as a square shaft with a square cross-sectional structure, and the output shaft 507 is set as a sleeve structure and has a square hole, and the square shaft of the transmission shaft 6 is movably sleeved in the square hole of the output shaft 507.

[0062] The transmission mechanism 5 comprises:

[0063] The flat key sleeve 501 is vertically arranged and sleeved on the output spindle of the driving motor 4;

[0064] The spherical inner sleeve 502 is coaxially sleeved on the flat key sleeve 501, and its outer side is set as a spherical structure, and has a plurality of inner sleeve raceways 502a extending along the meridian direction of the outer spherical surface of the spherical inner sleeve 502. All the inner sleeve raceways 502a of the spherical inner sleeve 502 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction based on the axis of the flat key sleeve 501;

[0065] The spherical outer shell 505 has concentric spherical surfaces on its inner and outer surfaces. The spherical inner sleeve 502 is located in the inner cavity of the spherical outer shell 505 and leaves a free gap with the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell 505. The inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell 505 has a plurality of outer shell raceways 505a, which extend through the meridian direction of the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell 505. The outer shell raceways 505a are equal in number to the inner sleeve raceways 502a and are matched one by one.

[0066] Among them, a spherical retainer 503 and a plurality of balls 504 are provided in the free gap between the above-mentioned spherical outer shell 505 and the spherical inner sleeve 502. The spherical retainer 503 is provided with a plurality of insertion holes 503a. The balls 504 are movably installed in the insertion holes 503a one by one. Each ball 504 simultaneously rolls and contacts with the corresponding outer shell raceway 505a and inner sleeve raceway 502a. The spherical outer shell 505 is movably matched with the spherical inner sleeve 502 through the balls 504 and moves relative to the spherical inner sleeve 502. During transmission, the rotation axis of the spherical outer shell 505 coincides with the rotation axis of the output shaft 507.

[0067] An upper bracket 506 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the spherical housing 505 , and the output shaft 507 is fixed on the upper bracket 506 .

[0068] When the drive motor 4 outputs power, the drive motor 4 outputs power, driving the spherical inner sleeve 502 to rotate, the spherical inner sleeve 502 drives the spherical outer sleeve 505 to rotate, the spherical outer shell 505 and the output shaft 507 rotate synchronously, thereby driving the transmission shaft 6 to rotate, thereby driving the cutter base assembly 8 and the cutter disc 9 to rotate to form a rotary cutting effect.

[0069] like Figure 10-11 As shown, the above-mentioned cutter disc base assembly 8 includes a mounting seat 801, a platform plate 803 and several columns 802. The mounting seat 801 is a circular ring structure as a whole. The mounting seat 801 supports and is fixedly connected to the cutter disc 9. The platform plate 803 is a circular plate structure. The mounting seat 801 is located directly above the platform plate 803 and is coaxially arranged with the platform plate 803. The mounting seat 801 and the platform plate 803 are arranged at intervals up and down. The platform plate 803 is supported and fixedly connected to the mounting seat 801 through the columns 802. The transmission shaft 6 is coaxially fixedly connected to the center of the lower surface of the platform plate 803. A plurality of arc blades 804 are fixed on the upper surface of the platform plate 803, which are uniformly distributed circumferentially with its central axis as the quasi-circumferential direction. The arc blades 804 are arranged as an arc plate structure and are arched along the rotation direction of the platform plate 803. The plurality of arc-shaped blades 804 are equivalent to forming a small fan. When the entire cutter disc base assembly 8 rotates, the plurality of arc-shaped blades 804 can generate centrifugal wind force to blow broken roots, crushed roots, and soil to the surroundings, thereby preventing the broken roots, crushed roots, and soil from accumulating on the platform plate 803.

[0070] like Figure 12-14As shown, the above-mentioned knife disc 9 also includes a knife assembly mounting frame 904 which is an overall circular ring structure and is fixedly arranged on the knife disc base assembly 8, and a plurality of double-knife mounting blocks 903 which correspond to the cutting knife assemblies 901 one by one. The horizontal knife 901a and the vertical knife 901b are both detachably mounted on the double-knife mounting block 903 through an expansion buckle 902. Slots are provided on both sides of the horizontal knife 901a and the vertical knife 901b, which can be stuck in the double-knife mounting block 903 through the slots. Only one expansion buckle 902 is required to lock the horizontal knife 901a and the vertical knife 901b, so that the installation is firm and the replacement is convenient. All double-knife mounting blocks 903 are evenly distributed circumferentially with the center of the knife assembly mounting frame 904 as the quasi-center. The horizontal knife 901a and the vertical knife 901b are both inclined outwardly by α=20° relative to the double-knife mounting block 903 to enhance the effect of cutting the garlic root system. Both the vertical knife 901b and the horizontal knife 901a are double-edged knives. When the edge of one side of the vertical knife 901b or the horizontal knife 901a is worn, it can be rotated 180 degrees to install and activate the edge of the other side.

[0071] After the garlic plants planted in the field are dug up and pulled up, the garlic stems are clamped by the clamping chain 1 and transported backwards. The garlic plants are aligned at the top of the garlic heads under the action of the alignment chain 2, that is, the top of the garlic heads are closely attached to the alignment chain 2 and arranged in a straight line and transported backwards in sequence. Then, the bottom of the garlic heads squeezes the protective mesh cover 10, and the protective mesh cover 10 and the knife disc 9 produce contour floating with the movement of the garlic heads. The roots of the garlic are along the top grid hole 10b, first approaching and passing through the side wall of the protective mesh cover 10, and the vertical knife 901b realizes the preliminary cutting of the garlic root group. After the preliminary cutting, the residual length of the root system is within 1 cm. As the garlic is transported backwards, the protective mesh cover 10 is closely attached to the lower spherical surface of the garlic heads. The garlic root system slides from front to back in the top grid hole 10b of the protective mesh cover 10. As the knife disc 9 rotates at high speed, the horizontal knife 901a continuously cuts the garlic root system group. Then the garlic enters the top center part 10c of the protective mesh cover 10. The top center part 10c is spherical and has upper and lower through holes. The roots that were previously blocked and missed by the protective mesh cover 10 are freely released. Then the garlic continues to be transported backward. The released roots are combed and re-entered into the top grid hole 10b. The horizontal knife 901a cuts the roots again, and the vertical knife 901b can also cut the roots once again until the garlic completely leaves the protective mesh cover 10.

[0072] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may make various changes or improvements on this basis. Without departing from the general concept of the present invention, these changes or improvements should fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating root cutting device for combined harvesting of garlic, comprising a clamping chain (1), an alignment chain (2) and a floating root cutting main body component (3), characterized in that: The floating root cutting main body component (3) comprises a fixedly arranged mounting frame (12) and a protective mesh cover (10) having a round cover structure and arranged obliquely in the opposite direction of garlic conveying; A plurality of floating springs (11) are mounted on the mounting frame (12), and the floating springs (11) support and connect a connecting frame (7) disposed on the lower side of the protective mesh cover (10); The protective mesh cover (10) has a built-in cutter disc (9) near its top wall, and a cutter disc base assembly (8) that supports and fixes the cutter disc (9); the mounting frame (12) is equipped with a rotation drive component that drives the cutter disc base assembly (8) and the cutter disc (9) to rotate at high speed around the central axis of the protective mesh cover (10); The top wall of the protective mesh cover (10) is configured as a mesh structure densely covered with a plurality of top grid holes (10b), and the top center portion (10c) thereof is configured as a circular hole structure that penetrates from top to bottom to position the garlic, the top center portion (10c) of the protective mesh cover (10) is directly opposite to the center of the alignment chain (2), and the top grid holes (10b) penetrate the top wall of the protective mesh cover (10) and the upper portion of the side wall of the protective mesh cover (10) from front to back; The top wall of the protective mesh cover (10) has a plurality of top grid bars (10a), any two adjacent top grid bars (10a) are spaced apart from each other to form the top grid hole (10b), and a portion of the top grid bars (10a) corresponding to the top center portion (10c) of the protective mesh cover (10) is bent downward to form a positioning structure that matches the lower spherical surface of the garlic and can support the lower spherical surface of the garlic; The top grid hole (10b) is composed of three sections, the middle section is a straight hole structure parallel to the conveying direction of the garlic, the front section arc-shaped structure of the top grid hole (10b) is arched in the opposite direction to the rear section arc-shaped structure, and arches in accordance with the rotational cutting direction of the knife disc (9), and the knife disc (9) is provided with a plurality of cutting knife assemblies (901) uniformly distributed in an annular direction with its rotation center as reference; The above-mentioned rotary drive component for driving the cutter disc base assembly (8) and the cutter disc (9) to rotate comprises: A drive motor (4) mounted on a mounting frame (12); A transmission mechanism (5) is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (4), and has an output shaft (507) on its output side; The transmission shaft (6) passes through and is fixedly connected to the cutter disc base assembly (8), and coaxially rotates and passes through the connecting frame (7); The transmission shaft (6) is movably sleeved with the output shaft (507), and the transmission shaft (6) is movably arranged to be telescopic along the axial direction of the output shaft (507); The transmission mechanism (5) comprises: A flat key sleeve (501) is arranged vertically and sleeved on the output spindle of the driving motor (4); A spherical inner sleeve (502) is coaxially sleeved on the flat key sleeve (501), and its outer side is set as a spherical structure, and has a plurality of inner sleeve raceways (502a) extending along the meridian direction of the outer spherical surface of the spherical inner sleeve (502), and all the inner sleeve raceways (502a) of the spherical inner sleeve (502) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction based on the axis of the flat key sleeve (501); and A spherical outer shell (505) whose inner and outer surfaces are arranged as concentric spherical surfaces, the spherical inner sleeve (502) is located in the inner cavity of the spherical outer shell (505) and leaves a free gap with the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell (505), the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell (505) has a plurality of outer shell raceways (505a), the outer shell raceways (505a) extend through the meridian direction of the inner spherical surface of the spherical outer shell (505), and the outer shell raceways (505a) and the inner sleeve raceways (502a) are equal in number and are matched one by one; A spherical retainer (503) and a plurality of balls (504) are provided in the free gap between the spherical outer shell (505) and the spherical inner sleeve (502); the spherical retainer (503) is provided with a plurality of insertion holes (503a); the balls (504) are movably installed in the insertion holes (503a) one by one; each ball (504) simultaneously rolls in contact with the outer shell raceway (505a) and the inner sleeve raceway (502a) corresponding thereto; the spherical outer shell (505) movably cooperates with the spherical inner sleeve (502) through the balls (504) and moves relative to the spherical inner sleeve (502); An upper bracket (506) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the spherical housing (505), the output shaft (507) is fixed on the upper bracket (506), and the rotation axis of the spherical housing (505) coincides with the rotation axis of the output shaft (507).

2. The floating root cutting device for combined harvesting of garlic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter assembly (901) comprises a horizontal blade (901a) and a vertical blade (901b) facing the top grid hole (10b); the horizontal blade (901a) is parallel to the top wall of the protective mesh cover (10) and close to the top wall of the protective mesh cover (10); from an axial perspective based on the rotation axis of the cutter disc (9), the horizontal blade (901a) is inclined 20 degrees in the opposite direction of rotation of the cutter disc (9); and the vertical blade (901b) is parallel to the rotation axis of the cutter disc (9) and close to the side wall of the protective mesh cover (10).

3. The floating root cutting device for combined harvesting of garlic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter disc base assembly (8) comprises a mounting seat (801), a platform plate (803), and a plurality of columns (802); the mounting seat (801) is an annular structure as a whole; the mounting seat (801) supports and is fixedly connected to the cutter disc (9); the platform plate (803) is a circular plate structure; the mounting seat (801) is located directly above the platform plate (803) and is coaxially arranged with the platform plate (803); the mounting seat (801) and the platform plate (803) are arranged with an interval up and down; the platform plate (803) is supported and fixedly connected to the mounting seat (801) via the columns (802); the transmission shaft (6) is coaxially fixedly connected to the center of the lower surface of the platform plate (803); a plurality of arc-shaped blades (804) uniformly distributed circumferentially with the central axis thereof as the upper surface of the platform plate (803) are fixed; the arc-shaped blades (804) are arranged as an arc-shaped plate structure and arch along the rotation direction of the platform plate (803).

4. The floating root cutting device for combined harvesting of garlic according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blade disc (9) further comprises a blade assembly mounting frame (904) which is annular in structure and fixedly mounted on the blade disc base assembly (8), and a plurality of double blade mounting blocks (903) which correspond one to one to the cutting blade assemblies (901); the horizontal blade (901a) and the vertical blade (901b) are detachably mounted on the double blade mounting blocks (903); and all the double blade mounting blocks (903) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction with the center of the blade assembly mounting frame (904) as the reference.

5. The floating root cutting device for combined harvesting of garlic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission shaft (6) consists of an upper and lower part. The upper part of the transmission shaft (6) passes through and is fixedly connected to the cutter disc base assembly (8), and coaxially rotates through the connecting frame (7). The lower part of the transmission shaft (6) is configured as a square shaft with a square cross-sectional structure. The output shaft (507) is configured as a shaft sleeve structure and has a square hole. The square shaft of the transmission shaft (6) is movably sleeved in the square hole of the output shaft (507).

6. A floating root cutting device for combined harvesting of garlic according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The angle between the top surface of the protective mesh cover (10) and the garlic conveying direction is 10°.

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