A three-edged shallow groove processing blade and a groove cutter

Abstract

The three-edged shallow groove processing blade and slotting cutter provided in the present application include a base body, the base body is a polygonal prism structure similar to an equilateral triangle as the main body, and the blade also includes knife particles respectively arranged on the three corners of the base body, and the knife particles are evenly distributed on the three vertices of the equilateral triangle along the circumferential direction of the equilateral triangle base body to form three cutting edges of the blade, and the material of the cutting edge is set to PCBN or PCD; the knife particles are embedded in the groove on the side of the base body by welding; the slotting cutter includes the above-mentioned blade, and also includes a tool rod, a tool seat and a pressure plate. In the present application, the three-edged slotting cutter used in shallow groove processing is applied to the field of super-hard tools PCBN or PCD, which solves the problem that most of the existing technology has single-head PCBN or PCD slotting cutters, and there are very few multiple edges, which leads to an increase in the cost of using the tool. The three-edged slotting cutter in the present application is a super-hard tool made of PCBN and PCD, with high precision, which can better adapt to the development of the super-hard processing industry in the future and meet the stability requirements of the super-hard processing industry for the tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of machining equipment technology, and in particular to a three-bladed shallow groove machining insert and grooving tool. Background Technology

[0002] Shallow grooving cutters are widely used for grooving shaft and ring parts, especially for transmission and connecting parts in the motor and engine industry, such as machining the inner and outer circlip grooves of bearings. The workpieces are mostly short, slender shafts, and the main material is steel.

[0003] Three-flute grooving cutters, as a type of shallow grooving cutter, are mainly made of alloy materials and have a wide range of applications in machining. However, in the field of superhard cutting tools, the application of three-flute grooving cutters made of PCBN (polycrystalline cubic boron nitride) or PCD (polycrystalline diamond) materials is quite rare in the market.

[0004] Typically, PCBN or PCD materials are widely used in superhard cutting tools, and are best suited for cutting materials such as cast iron and hardened steel. However, most existing PCBN or PCD grooving tools are single-ended PCBN / PCD grooving tools, and multi-edge cutting tools are rarely used. Each cutting method requires a cutting tool with a specific cutting edge, which leads to an increase in the cost of using the tool. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to propose a three-bladed shallow grooving insert and grooving tool to solve the problem that most existing grooving tools are single-headed PCBN or PCD, and very few have multiple cutting edges, which leads to increased tool usage costs.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this application to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0007] A three-bladed shallow groove machining insert includes a base body, the base body being a polygonal prism structure with a near-equilateral triangle shape. The insert also includes cutting edges disposed at three corners of the base body. The cutting edges are evenly distributed along the circumference of the near-equilateral triangle base body at the three vertices of the near-equilateral triangle, forming three cutting edges of the insert. The cutting edges are made of PCBN or PCD. The cutting edges are embedded in grooves on the side of the base body by welding.

[0008] Optionally, the substrate includes an adhesive surface, a non-adhesive surface, and three side surfaces disposed between the adhesive surface and the non-adhesive surface, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the substrate on the three side surfaces of a quasi-equilateral triangle, and an L-shaped groove is formed at one end of each side surface.

[0009] The side surface includes a first plane, a second plane, a third plane, and a fourth plane. The first plane, the second plane, the third plane, and the fourth plane are connected at an angle. The second plane and the third plane are disposed in the middle of the side surface to form an outward convex structure. The first plane and the fourth plane are disposed at both ends of the side surface and coincide with the outer edges of the second plane and the third plane, respectively.

[0010] The cutting insert includes a rake face, a flank face, and two side faces. The rake face and the flank face form the main cutting edge, and the rake face and the two side faces form the secondary cutting edge. The rake face is tangent to the outer edge of the fourth plane, the flank face is tangent to the outer edge of the first plane on the other side of the substrate, and the side faces are tangent to the outer edges of the mating surface and the non-matting surface of the substrate.

[0011] Optionally, the bonding surface and non-bonding surface of the substrate are provided with a recessed clearance surface at the connection between the substrate and the blade, and the clearance surface is tangent to the outer edge of the blade side surface.

[0012] Optionally, a screw hole is provided at the center of the substrate.

[0013] Optionally, the distance between the connection point of the first plane and the second and third planes and the main cutting edge is 4-6 mm.

[0014] Optionally, the width of the third plane is 1-2 mm.

[0015] Optionally, the distance between the connection point of the fourth plane and the second and third planes and the main cutting edge is 3-5 mm.

[0016] Optionally, the diameter of the inscribed circle of the equilateral triangle in the matrix is ​​6-13 mm.

[0017] A three-flute shallow grooving tool includes the aforementioned three-flute shallow grooving insert, and also includes a tool holder, a tool base, and a pressure plate;

[0018] The tool holder is welded to one end of the tool bar, and the blade is fixed to the tool holder by the pressure plate. The angle between the rake face of the blade and the axial direction of the tool bar is β.

[0019] The pressure plate is clamped on the top corner of one side of the tool holder. The pressure plate has a concave structure on its bottom surface that matches the side structure of the blade base. The top surface of the pressure plate has a screw clamping part, which is connected to the top surface of the tool holder.

[0020] Optionally, the included angle β can be taken in the range of 5°-15°.

[0021] The technical solution provided in this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] This application provides a three-flute shallow grooving insert and grooving tool. The insert includes a base, which is primarily a polygonal prism structure resembling an equilateral triangle. The insert also includes cutting bits positioned at three corners of the base, evenly distributed along the circumference of the equilateral triangle to form three cutting edges. The cutting edges are made of PCBN or PCD. The cutting bits are welded into grooves on the side of the base. The grooving tool includes the insert, a tool holder, a tool base, and a pressure plate. This application utilizes a three-flute grooving tool in the field of superhard PCBN or PCD tools for shallow grooving, solving the problem that existing single-ended PCBN or PCD grooving tools are predominantly available, with very few multi-flute cutting edges, leading to increased tool usage costs. The three-flute grooving tool in this application is a superhard tool made of PCBN or PCD materials, offering high precision and better adaptability to the future development of the superhard machining industry, meeting the industry's stability requirements for tools. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 A front view of a three-flute shallow groove machining insert provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Elevation view of a three-flute shallow groove machining insert at one angle;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Elevation view of the back of a three-flute shallow groove machining insert;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 1 An elevation view of a three-flute shallow groove machining insert from another angle;

[0028] Figure 5 A top view of a three-flute shallow groove machining insert provided in this application;

[0029] Figure 6 A side elevation view of a three-bladed shallow groove machining insert provided in this application;

[0030] Figure 7 A front view of a three-flute shallow groove machining tool provided in this application;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 7Top view of a three-bladed shallow groove machining tool;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation structure of the tool holder and tool support;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a front view of the tool holder and tool support;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a top view of the tool holder and tool support.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] 1-Base, 2-Tool insert, 11-Mating surface, 12-Non-Mating surface, 13-Side surface, 14-L-shaped groove, 131-First plane, 132-Second plane, 133-Third plane, 134-Fourth plane, 21-Front face, 22-Rake face, 23-Side face, 24-Main cutting edge, 25-Secondary cutting edge, 15-Allowing surface, 3-Screw hole, 4-Tool holder, 5-Tool base, 6-Pressure plate, 7-Screw clamping part, 8-Groove structure. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] To adapt to the future development of the superhard machining industry and improve the utilization rate of grooving tool substrates, mainly PCBN, CVD, or PCD grooving tools, the three-flute grooving tool technology from alloy tools is effectively introduced into the field of superhard tool technology. This can reduce the usage cost of existing PCBN, CVD, or PCD cutting grooving tools and also promote the technology of multi-flute grooving tools.

[0039] See Figure 1 This is a front view of a three-bladed shallow groove machining insert provided in this application;

[0040] Depend on Figure 1-3As can be seen, this application embodiment provides a three-flute shallow groove machining insert, including a base 1. The base 1 is a polygonal prism structure with a main body that is a quasi-equilateral triangle. The insert also includes cutting edges 2 respectively disposed at the three corners of the base 1. The cutting edges 2 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the quasi-equilateral triangle base 1 at the three vertices of the quasi-equilateral triangle, forming three cutting edges of the insert. The material of the cutting edges includes PCBN, CVD, or PCD. The cutting edges 2 are embedded in grooves on the side of the base 1 by welding. In this embodiment, the base 1 is set as an alloy base 1. The specific shape of the base is not limited to one type. Its polygonal prism structure can be selected according to the actual application requirements of the tool clamping. As for the material selection of the alloy base 1, it should be based on actual needs, selecting a material with better welding performance with PCBN, CVD, or PCD cutting edges, so that the fusion zone after welding has high connection strength and microstructure.

[0041] For different forms of base 1, the outline of the polygonal prism structure resembling an equilateral triangle should adapt to the edge of base 1 so that the two form a complete body.

[0042] In the technical solution of this application, the base 1 can take various forms depending on the different settings of the polygonal prism structure resembling an equilateral triangle. In practical applications, depending on different machining conditions, such as different depths of cut, different tool feeds, or different cutting parameters, it is necessary to adjust the specific shape, width, and distance from the cutting edge of the base 1 to obtain the optimal chip breaking effect. Specifically, the form of the chip breaking groove can be illustrated by the following embodiment:

[0043] See Figure 2 ,for Figure 1 Elevation view of a three-flute shallow groove machining insert at one angle;

[0044] See Figure 3 ,for Figure 2 Elevation view of the back of a three-flute shallow groove machining insert;

[0045] Depend on Figure 2 and Figure 3 , and then combine Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the substrate 1 and the cutting insert 2 in one embodiment of a three-bladed shallow groove machining insert of this application;

[0046] As shown in the figure, in one feasible embodiment, the substrate 1 provided in this embodiment includes an bonding surface 11 (see figure). Figure 4The non-adhesive surface 12 and three side surfaces 13 disposed between the adhesive surface 11 and the non-adhesive surface 12 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the substrate 1 on the three side surfaces of an equilateral triangle. One end of each side surface 13 is provided with an L-shaped groove 14. In this embodiment, the L-shaped groove 14 is used to weld and fix the cutting edge shape, such as a rectangular cross-section. The cutting edge can be well welded in the groove through the complementary shape, thereby increasing the overall stability of the cutting tool.

[0047] The side surface 13 includes a first plane 131, a second plane 132, a third plane 133, and a fourth plane 134. The first plane 131, the second plane 132, the third plane 133, and the fourth plane 134 are connected at an angle. The second plane 132 and the third plane 133 are disposed in the middle of the side surface 13 to form an outward convex structure. The first plane 131 and the fourth plane 134 are disposed at both ends of the side surface 13 and coincide with the outer edges of the second plane 132 and the third plane 133, respectively.

[0048] The cutting insert 2 includes a rake face 21, a flank face 22, and two side faces 23. The rake face 21 and the flank face 22 form the main cutting edge 24, and the rake face 21 and the two side faces 23 form the secondary cutting edge 25. The rake face 21 is tangent to the outer edge of the fourth plane 134, the flank face 22 is tangent to the outer edge of the first plane 131 on the other side surface 13 of the substrate 1, and the side faces 23 are tangent to the outer edges of the mating surface 11 and the non-matting surface 12 of the substrate 1.

[0049] For specific usage instructions, please refer to the appendix. Figure 2 The fourth plane 134 on each side 13 serves as a connecting surface, while the second plane 132 and third plane 133 function as clamping and positioning surfaces. Their functions change depending on the tool tip used; essentially, these three functions are interchangeable. For example... Figure 1 In this state, if the upper left corner cutting edge 3 is used, the second plane 132 on the side 13 where the front cutting face 21 of the upper left corner cutting edge 3 is located is the clamping surface, and the second plane 132 on the other two sides 13 are the positioning surfaces; if the upper right corner cutting edge 3 is used, the second plane 132 on the side where the front cutting face of the upper left corner cutting edge 3 is located is the clamping surface, and the second plane 132 on the other two sides 13 are the positioning surfaces, and so on.

[0050] Furthermore, the following restrictions are imposed on the installation distance between the base 1 and the cutting edge 2: the distance L between the connection point of the first plane 131 and the second plane 132 and the third plane 133 and the main cutting edge 24 is 4-6 mm.

[0051] The width S of the third plane 133 is 1-2 mm.

[0052] The distance h between the connection point of the fourth plane 134 and the second plane 132 and the third plane 133 and the main cutting edge 24 is 3-5 mm.

[0053] The diameter of the inscribed circle of the equilateral triangle in the substrate 1 is 6-13mm, which facilitates the negative chamfering process of automated grinding equipment.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the bonding surface 11 and non-bonding surface 12 of the substrate 1 are provided with a recessed clearance surface 15 at the connection between the substrate 1 and the blade 2. The clearance surface 15 is in contact with the outer edge of the blade side surface 23 of the blade.

[0055] A screw hole 3 is provided at the center of the substrate 1.

[0056] Figure 5 and Figure 6 The top view and side elevation view of a three-bladed shallow groove machining insert provided for the embodiments can better illustrate the elevation structure of the insert in the embodiments of this application.

[0057] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the three-flute shallow grooving insert provided in this application includes a base body, the main body of which is a polygonal prism structure resembling an equilateral triangle. The insert also includes cutting edges disposed at the three corners of the base body. The cutting edges are evenly distributed along the circumference of the equilateral triangle base body at the three vertices of the equilateral triangle, forming three cutting edges of the insert. The material of the cutting edges is PCBN, CVD, or PCD. The cutting edges are embedded in grooves on the side of the base body by welding. This application of the three-flute grooving insert in shallow grooving to the field of superhard tools PCBN, CVD, or PCD solves the problem that existing technologies mostly use single-ended PCBN or PCD grooving inserts, rarely using multi-edge cutting edges, leading to increased tool usage costs. The three-flute grooving insert in this application is a superhard tool made of PCBN, CVD, or PCD material, with high precision, which can better adapt to the future development of the superhard machining industry and meet the stability requirements of the superhard machining industry for tools.

[0058] See Figure 7 This is a front view of a three-bladed shallow groove machining tool provided in this application;

[0059] See Figure 8 ,for Figure 7 Top view of a three-bladed shallow groove machining tool.

[0060] This application also provides a three-flute shallow grooving tool, including the above-mentioned three-flute shallow grooving insert, and also includes a tool holder 4, a tool base 5 and a pressure plate 6;

[0061] The tool holder 5 is welded to one end of the tool shank 4, and the blade is fixed to the tool holder 5 by the pressure plate 6. (See also...) Figure 9-11 Figures show the elevation, front view, and top view of the tool holder 4 and the tool base 5, respectively. As shown in the figure, the tool base 5 is provided with a groove structure 8 that matches the tool head. The blade is clamped in the groove structure 8, and the angle between the front cutting face 21 of the blade and the axial direction of the tool holder 4 is β.

[0062] The pressure plate 6 is clamped on the top corner of one side of the tool holder 5. The pressure plate 6 has a concave structure on its bottom surface that matches the structure of the side surface 13 of the blade base 1. The blade is fixed on the tool holder 5 by the cooperation of the concave structure with the pressing surface or positioning surface of the side surface 13 of the base 1, namely the second plane 132 and the third plane 133. The pressure plate 6 has a screw clamping part 7 on its top surface, which is connected to the top surface of the tool holder 5.

[0063] The included angle β is taken in the range of 5°-15°.

[0064] In summary, in suitable machining applications, compared to ordinary three-flute grooving alloy tools, the three-flute grooving superhard tool provided in this application can improve machining efficiency, facilitate the automation of the machining process, and the tool design can be matched with automated production lines. It is suitable for negative chamfering in grinding, and the tool machining can be completed in one step, ensuring high machining accuracy.

[0065] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0066] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0067] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the content described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A three-edged shallow groove machining insert, characterized in that: The blade comprises a base (1), the base (1) being a polygonal prism structure whose main body is an equilateral triangle; the blade further comprises blade particles (2) respectively arranged at three corners of the base (1); the blade particles (2) are evenly distributed at the three apex corners of the equilateral triangle along the circumferential direction of the equilateral triangle base (1), forming three cutting edges of the blade; the material of the cutting edges comprises PCBN or PCD; the blade particles (2) are embedded in the grooves on the side of the base (1) by welding; The base (1) comprises a fitting surface (11), a non-fitting surface (12), and three side surfaces (13) arranged between the fitting surface (11) and the non-fitting surface (12); the three side surfaces (13) are evenly distributed on three sides of an equilateral triangle along the circumference of the base (1); and an L-shaped groove (14) is provided at one end of the side surface (13); The side surface (13) comprises a first plane (131), a second plane (132), a third plane (133) and a fourth plane (134); the first plane (131), the second plane (132), the third plane (133) and the fourth plane (134) are connected at an angle; the second plane (132) and the third plane (133) are arranged in the middle of the side surface (13) to form an outward convex structure; the first plane (131) and the fourth plane (134) are arranged at two ends of the side surface (13) and respectively coincide with the outer edges of the second plane (132) and the third plane (133); The blade particle (2) comprises a rake face (21), a flank face (22) and two side facets (23); the rake face (21) and the flank face (22) form a main cutting edge (24), and the rake face (21) and the two side facets (23) form a secondary cutting edge (25); the rake face (21) is in contact with the outer edge of the first plane (131), the flank face (22) is in contact with the outer edge of a fourth plane (134) on the other side surface (13) of the base body (1), and the side facets (23) are in contact with the outer edges of the contact surface (11) and the non-contact surface (12) of the base body (1); The distance between the connection point between the first plane (131) and the second plane (132) and the third plane (133) and the main cutting edge (24) is 4-6 mm; The distance between the fourth plane (134) and the connection point between the second plane (132) and the third plane (133) and the main cutting edge (24) is 3-5 mm; The diameter of the inscribed circle of the equilateral triangle in the base (1) is 6-13 mm.

2. The three-edge shallow groove machining insert according to claim 1, characterized in that: An avoidance surface (15) with an inwardly concave structure is provided at the connection between the fitting surface (11) and the non-fitting surface (12) of the base (1) and the knife particle (2), and the avoidance surface (15) is in contact with the outer edge of the side blade surface (23) of the knife particle (2).

3. The three-edge shallow groove machining insert according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screw hole (3) is provided at the center of the base body (1).

4. The three-edge shallow groove machining insert according to claim 2, characterized in that: The width of the third plane (133) is 1-2 mm.

5. A three-edged shallow groove processing cutter, characterized in that: A three-edged shallow groove machining blade comprising any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a tool bar (4), a tool seat (5) and a pressure plate (6); The knife seat (5) is welded to one end of the knife rod (4), the blade is fixed to the knife seat (5) via the pressure plate (6), and the angle between the front cutting surface (21) of the blade and the axial direction of the knife rod (4) is β; The pressure plate (6) is clamped on the top corner of one side of the knife seat (5); the bottom surface of the pressure plate (6) is provided with an inner concave structure matching the side structure of the blade base; the top surface of the pressure plate (6) is provided with a screw clamping portion (7) and is connected to the top surface of the knife seat (5) via the screw clamping portion (7).

6. The three-edge shallow groove processing cutter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle β is in the range of 5°-15°.

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