Encapsulated meson, armature structure and motor

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of motor technology, and particularly relates to a rubber-coated meson, an armature structure and a motor. The rubber-coated meson includes a metal meson and an insulating part. The metal meson includes a sleeve ring and a blocking ring arranged around the outer periphery of the sleeve ring. The sleeve ring is used to be sleeved on the armature shaft to prevent oil from penetrating toward the commutator. The insulating part is wrapped on the outer surface of the blocking ring and is used to prevent the copper bar of the commutator from electrically contacting the metal meson. By directly wrapping the insulating part on the outer periphery of the blocking ring, the creepage distance between the copper bar of the commutator and the armature shaft is greatly increased during installation, effectively solving the problem of reduced insulation withstand voltage caused by the adhesion of conductive materials; and by directly arranging the insulating part on the metal meson to form a rubber-coated meson of the present invention, which has both oil-proof and insulating functions, when assembling the motor, only one rubber-coated meson of the present invention needs to be installed, which reduces one assembly process and improves assembly efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and in particular relates to an encapsulated meson, an armature structure and a motor. Background Art

[0002] In a permanent magnet DC brushed motor, it is necessary to add an oil-proof barrier at the end of the commutator 40A on the armature shaft 30A to prevent the bearing oil from possibly seeping into the grooves between the copper bars 41A of the commutator 40A. When the oil seeps into the grooves of the commutator 40A, it will cause carbon powder to adhere to the oil surface, thereby reducing the creepage distance between two adjacent copper bars 41A (referring to the shortest path between two conductive components or between a conductive component and the protective interface of the equipment measured along the insulating surface), which will eventually cause the armature shaft 30A of the motor to short-circuit and burn the motor.

[0003] like Figure 4 As shown, the existing oil-proof meson is generally composed of a metal oil-proof meson 60 and an insulating meson 70. The metal oil-proof meson 60 is sleeved on the upper armature shaft 30A and is connected with the armature shaft 30A in an interference fit to block oil. The insulating meson 70 is sleeved on the upper armature shaft 30A and is located between the commutator 40A and the metal oil-proof meson 60 to prevent the metal oil-proof meson 60 from electrically contacting the copper bar 41A of the commutator 40A. However, after a conductive material is attached to the surface of the insulating meson 70, it is still easy to cause leakage failure of the motor. Even if it does not cause failure, the insulation and high-voltage resistance of the motor will also deteriorate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rubber-coated meson, an armature structure and a motor, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the creepage distance between the copper bar of the commutator and the metal meson is too small, which easily leads to motor leakage.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an encapsulated meson, including a metal meson and an insulating part, the metal meson includes a sleeve ring and a blocking ring arranged around the outer periphery of the sleeve ring, the sleeve ring is used to be sleeved on the armature shaft to prevent oil from penetrating toward the commutator, the insulating part is wrapped on the outer surface of the blocking ring and is used to prevent the copper bar of the commutator from electrically contacting the metal meson.

[0006] Optionally, the insulating member is formed by injection molding a plastic material onto the outer surface of the blocking ring.

[0007] Optionally, the insulating member is formed by injection molding liquid crystal polymer, polyamide, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) or polyphenylene sulfide on the outer surface of the blocking ring.

[0008] Optionally, the blocking ring has an end face located away from the sleeve ring and a side face located between the end face and the sleeve ring, and at least one notch is provided on the end face and / or the side face.

[0009] Optionally, the notch extends from the end surface toward the sleeve ring.

[0010] Optionally, the notch penetrates the side surface in the axial direction of the metal meson.

[0011] Optionally, the notch is located on at least one of the side surfaces or runs through two of the side surfaces.

[0012] Optionally, at least one end of the sleeve ring is arranged to protrude from the side of the blocking ring along the central axis direction of the sleeve ring.

[0013] Optionally, the insulating part includes two veneer structures and an outer ring structure that are spaced apart from each other, the outer peripheries of the two veneer structures are connected to the outer ring structure, the two veneer structures and the outer ring structure together form an installation area for installing the blocking ring, and the outer ring structure protrudes toward the side of one of the veneer structures.

[0014] Optionally, at least one annular groove is provided on the outer surface of the insulating member and is arranged around the outer circumference of the sleeve ring.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the encapsulated meson provided by the embodiment of the present invention are as follows: compared with the prior art, the encapsulated meson of the present invention directly wraps the insulating part on the outer periphery of the blocking ring, so that a creepage distance is formed from the position where the copper bar of the commutator abuts against one side of the insulating part to the other side of the insulating part, and the creepage distance is a+b+c. The creepage distance is greatly increased, which effectively solves the problem of reduced insulation withstand voltage due to the adhesion of conductive materials and has good use effect; and, by directly arranging the insulating part on the metal meson to form an encapsulated meson of an embodiment of the present invention, which has both oil-proof and insulating functions, then when assembling the motor, only one encapsulated meson of an embodiment of the present invention needs to be installed, which reduces one step for the assembly of the motor and effectively improves the assembly efficiency.

[0016] Another technical solution provided by an embodiment of the present invention: an armature structure, comprising an armature shaft, a commutator and the above-mentioned encapsulated meson, the commutator is mounted on the armature shaft, the sleeve ring is sleeved on the armature shaft and is interference connected with the armature shaft, the sleeve ring is located at the end of the commutator, and the copper bar of the commutator abuts against the insulating part.

[0017] The armature structure of the embodiment of the present invention uses the above-mentioned encapsulated meson, which blocks the bearing oil from penetrating toward the commutator by making the sleeve ring and the armature shaft have an interference fit. Then, since the copper bar of the commutator is located on one side of the insulating part, a creepage distance is formed from the position where the copper bar of the commutator abuts against one side of the insulating part to the other side of the insulating part. The creepage distance is a+b+c, and the creepage distance is greatly increased, which effectively solves the problem of reduced insulation withstand voltage due to the adhesion of conductive materials, and has a good use effect.

[0018] Another technical solution provided by an embodiment of the present invention is a motor, comprising the above-mentioned armature structure.

[0019] The motor of the embodiment of the present invention uses the above-mentioned armature structure, and can effectively prevent the armature shaft from forming electrical contact with the copper bar during use, so as to prevent the motor from short-circuiting, and is safe to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an armature structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the armature structure;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an armature structure in the prior art;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a metal meson;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the structure of the metal meson;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the structure of the metal meson;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 2A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the structure of the metal meson;

[0029] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the encapsulated meson provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of ;

[0031] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the encapsulated meson provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.12 for Fig.11 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of ;

[0033] Fig.13 A schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the encapsulated meson provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.14 for Fig.13 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of ;

[0035] Fig.15 A schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the encapsulated meson provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.16 for Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure.

[0037] Among them, the reference numerals in the figure are:

[0038] 10—metal meson; 11—sleeve ring; 12—blocking ring; 121—end face; 122—side face; 123—notch; 20—insulating part; 21—veneer structure; 22—outer ring structure; 211—annular groove; 30—armature shaft; 40—commutator; 41—copper bar; 50—auxiliary metal meson; 60—metal oil-proof meson; 70—insulating meson. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. Figures 1 to 16 The described embodiments are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0041] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, the existing oil-proof meson includes a metal oil-proof meson 60, an insulating meson 70 and an auxiliary metal meson 50A. The metal oil-proof meson 60 and the insulating meson 70 are in contact with each other. This design will make the creepage distance (indicated by the bold line in the figure) between the copper bar 41A of the commutator 40A and the metal oil-proof meson 60 smaller. The creepage distance is d+f. After conductive materials are attached to the surface of the insulating meson 70, it is easy to cause leakage failure of the motor. Even if no failure occurs, the insulation and high-voltage resistance of the motor will deteriorate.

[0044] like Figure 3 , 9 , 10, the encapsulated meson provided by the embodiment of the present invention is now described. The encapsulated meson includes a metal meson 10 and an insulating member 20, the metal meson 10 includes a sleeve ring 11 and a blocking ring 12 arranged around the outer periphery of the sleeve ring 11, the sleeve ring 11 is used to be sleeved on the armature shaft 30 to prevent oil from penetrating toward the commutator 40, and the insulating member 20 is wrapped around the outer surface of the blocking ring 12 and is used to prevent the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 from electrically contacting the metal meson 10.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the encapsulated meson provided in the embodiment of the present invention directly wraps the insulating part 20 on the outer periphery of the blocking ring 12, so that a creepage distance (indicated by the bold line in the figure) is formed from the position where the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 abuts against one side of the insulating part 20 to the other side of the insulating part 20, which are respectively a first creepage path a extending radially outward from the side of the insulating part 20 away from the commutator 40, a second creepage path b from the distance between the two side surfaces of the insulating part 20, and a third creepage path c extending radially inward from the end of the insulating part 20 close to the commutator 40 to the copper bar. The total creepage distance is a+b+c, and the creepage distance is greatly increased, which effectively solves the problem of reduced insulation withstand voltage caused by the adhesion of conductive materials and has a good use effect. In addition, by directly arranging the insulating part 20 on the metal meson 10 to form an encapsulated meson of the embodiment of the present invention, it has both oil-proof and insulating functions. Therefore, when assembling the motor, only one encapsulated meson of the embodiment of the present invention needs to be installed, which reduces one process step for the assembly of the motor and effectively improves the assembly efficiency.

[0046] In another embodiment of the present invention, the insulating member 20 is formed by injection molding a plastic material on the outer surface of the blocking ring 12. Specifically, by directly injecting a plastic material with good insulation performance on the outer surface of the blocking surface, the insulating member 20 can be well wrapped on the outer surface of the blocking ring 12, and is not easy to fall off in a continuous vibration use environment, and has a good shockproof effect, and is not easy to fall off under the impact of high and low temperatures, and has a good use effect. The process is simple and the production cost is low.

[0047] In another embodiment of the present invention, the insulating member 20 is formed by injection molding on the outer surface of the blocking ring 12 using liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyamide (PA), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyphthalamide (PPA) or polyphenylene sulfide (PPS). 13 The insulating member 20 is made of a liquid crystal polymer injection molded with a resistivity of 10 Ω·m. In this way, the insulating member 20 has a constant thickness and is more durable than the insulating member 20 with a resistivity of 10 8The existing products of phenolic resin with a resistance of Ω·m have an insulation layer with a high voltage resistance of 150%, forming a better insulation withstand voltage capability. Of course, the insulating member 20 can also be injection molded by a material with a good resistivity such as polyamide, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) or polyphenylene sulfide to form a better insulation withstand voltage capability.

[0048] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the blocking ring 12 has an end face 121 located away from the sleeve ring 11 and a side face 122 located between the end face 121 and the sleeve ring 11, and at least one notch 123 is provided on the end face 121 and / or the side face 122. Specifically, by providing the notch 123 on the blocking ring 12, when the plastic material is injection molded onto the end face 121 and the side face 122 of the sleeve ring 11, part of the plastic material will be filled in the notch 123, so that when the plastic material is solidified to form the insulating member 20, part of the structure of the insulating member 20 can be stuck in the notch 123, so that the insulating member 20 can be well wrapped on the blocking ring 12, not easy to fall off, and has an excellent shockproof effect. Among them, the shape of the notch 123 can be various shapes such as dovetail groove, circular, rectangular or irregular polygon, and can be set as needed. The number of notches 123 can also be set as needed, and multiple notches 123 can be arranged evenly and regularly, or can be arranged irregularly.

[0049] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 As shown, the notch 123 extends from the end face 121 toward the sleeve ring 11. Specifically, the notch 123 can be a cavity with a single-side opening located at the end face 121, that is, the notch 123 is located between the two side faces 122, so that when the plastic is injected, the plastic material is filled in the cavity, and when the plastic material hardens to form the insulating member 20, the insulating member 20 located at the cavity forms a wedge inserted into the cavity, which can effectively increase the adhesion between the insulating member 20 and the sleeve ring 11, so that the insulating member 20 is not easy to fall off the sleeve ring 11.

[0050] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5As shown, the notch 123 penetrates the side surface 122 in the axial direction of the metal meson 10. Specifically, a notch 123 connected to the outside world is formed by cutting a portion of the structure on the edge of the blocking ring 12, so that the insulating part 20 formed after the plastic injection molding can make a part of the structure of the insulating part 20 stuck in the notch 123 and form a cross connection with the blocking ring 12, which is conducive to the insulating part 20 being wrapped on the blocking ring 12. Among them, the distance between the openings of the notch 123 at the end face 121 can be set to be smaller than the maximum distance between the inner side walls of the notch 123, so that the intersecting part between the formed insulating part 20 and the blocking ring 12 can be well stuck in the notch 123, avoiding the insulating part 20 from falling off the blocking ring 12. In addition, this notch 123 is also easy to process and has low processing cost.

[0051] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the notch 123 is located on at least one of the side surfaces 122 or runs through the two side surfaces 122. Specifically, the notch 123 can be a groove body provided on the side surface 122, so that the insulating member 20 can be well clamped on the blocking ring 12; of course, the notch 123 can also run through the two side surfaces 122 of the blocking ring 12, so that the injection-molded insulating member 20 has a partial structure completely embedded in the blocking ring 12, which can prevent the insulating member 20 from falling off in a complex vibration environment, and the use effect is good.

[0052] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 , 10 As shown, at least one end of the sleeve ring 11 is arranged to protrude from the side surface 122 of the blocking ring 12 along the central axis direction of the sleeve ring 11. Specifically, by increasing the length of one or both ends of the sleeve ring 11 in the axial direction of the sleeve ring 11, the matching surface between the sleeve ring 11 and the armature shaft 30 can be effectively increased, and the length of the matching surface is increased by 80%, so that the sleeve ring 11 is more firmly sleeved on the armature shaft 30, and the push-out force is increased by 20%, which is more secure under vibration and high and low temperature impact.

[0053] In another embodiment of the present invention, Fig.12 , 14As shown in Figures 16, the insulating member 20 includes two veneer structures 21 and an outer ring structure 22 that are spaced apart. The outer peripheries of the two veneer structures 21 are connected to the outer ring structure 22. The two veneer structures 21 and the outer ring structure 22 are jointly arranged to form an installation area for installing the blocking ring 12. The outer ring structure 22 is arranged to protrude toward the side of one of the veneer structures 21. Specifically, the veneer structure 21 of the insulating member 20 is attached to the side surface 122 of the blocking ring 12, and the outer ring structure 22 is arranged to surround the end surface 121 of the blocking ring 12, thereby wrapping the outer surface of the blocking ring 12. The oil penetration path on the armature shaft 30 is shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown by the bold arrow, the outer ring structure 22 is then protruded toward the side of one of the veneer structures 21, that is, a step or bowl shape is formed between the outer ring structure 22 and the veneer structure 21, so that the creepage distance between the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 and the armature shaft 30 can be further increased, and the formed annular step-shaped or bowl-shaped concave cavity can be used to store oil or carbon powder and other debris, which can greatly reduce the occurrence of short circuit of the armature shaft 30. Among them, by making the outer ring structure 22 protrude in the direction away from the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40, that is, the formed annular step-shaped or bowl-shaped concave cavity is set away from the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40, so that under the premise of ensuring the increase of the creepage distance, debris such as oil or carbon powder can be blocked and stored on the side away from the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40, avoiding the occurrence of short circuit of the armature shaft 30, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the motor.

[0054] In another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 , 15 As shown in FIG. 16 , at least one annular groove 211 is provided on the outer surface of the insulating member 20 and is arranged around the outer circumference of the sleeve ring 11. Specifically, the oil penetration path on the armature shaft 30 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown by the bold arrow, by providing an annular groove 211 on the outer surface of the insulating member 20, the creepage distance between the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 and the armature shaft 30 can be further increased, and the annular groove 211 can be used to store debris such as oil or carbon powder, which can greatly reduce the occurrence of short circuit of the armature shaft 30. Among them, by making the annular groove 211 located on the side of the insulating member 20 facing away from the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40, under the premise of ensuring the increase of the creepage distance, debris such as oil or carbon powder can be blocked and stored on the side away from the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40, thereby avoiding the occurrence of short circuit of the armature shaft 30 and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the motor.

[0055] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an armature structure, including an armature shaft 30, a commutator 40 and the above-mentioned encapsulated meson, the commutator 40 is installed on the armature shaft 30, the sleeve ring 11 is sleeved on the armature shaft 30 and is interference connected with the armature shaft 30, the sleeve ring 11 is located at the end of the commutator 40, and the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 is in contact with the insulating part 20.

[0056] The armature structure of the embodiment of the present invention uses the above-mentioned encapsulated meson, and the sleeve ring 11 is interference-connected with the armature shaft 30, thereby blocking the bearing oil from penetrating toward the commutator 40; then, since the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 is located on one side of the insulating part 20, a creepage distance is formed from the position where the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 abuts against one side of the insulating part 20 to the other side of the insulating part 20, and the creepage distance is a+b+c, and the creepage distance is greatly increased (increased by 2.55 times), which effectively solves the problem of decreased insulation withstand voltage due to adhesion of conductive materials, and has a good use effect.

[0057] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a motor, including the above-mentioned armature structure.

[0058] The motor of the embodiment of the present invention uses the above-mentioned armature structure, and can effectively prevent the armature shaft 30 from forming electrical contact with the copper bar 41 during use, so as to prevent the motor from short-circuiting, and is safe to use.

[0059] The motor of the embodiment of the present invention also includes an auxiliary metal pion 50, which is sleeved on the armature shaft 30 and located at the end of the sleeve ring 11 away from the commutator 40. The auxiliary metal pion 50 abuts against the insulating part 20. During use, the insulating part 20 forms electrical insulation between the auxiliary metal pion 50 and the copper bar 41 of the commutator 40 to prevent the motor from short-circuiting, ensuring safe use.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An encapsulated meson, characterized in that: It comprises a metal meson and an insulating part, wherein the metal meson comprises a sleeve ring and a blocking ring arranged around the outer circumference of the sleeve ring, the sleeve ring is used to be sleeved on the armature shaft to block the oil from penetrating toward the commutator, the insulating part is wrapped on the outer surface of the blocking ring and is used to block the copper bar of the commutator from making electrical contact with the metal meson; the insulating part is formed by injection molding a plastic material on the outer surface of the blocking ring, the blocking ring has an end face located away from the sleeve ring and a side face located between the end face and the sleeve ring, at least one notch is provided on the end face and / or the side face, and a part of the structure of the insulating part is stuck in the notch.

2. The encapsulated meson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating member is formed by injection molding liquid crystal polymer, polyamide, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) or polyphenylene sulfide on the outer surface of the blocking ring.

3. The encapsulated meson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The notch extends from the end surface toward the sleeve ring.

4. The encapsulated meson according to claim 3, characterized in that: The notch penetrates the side surface in the axial direction of the metal meson.

5. The encapsulated meson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The notch is located on at least one of the side surfaces or runs through two side surfaces.

6. The encapsulated meson according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: At least one end of the sleeve ring is arranged to protrude from the side surface of the blocking ring along the central axis direction of the sleeve ring.

7. The encapsulated meson according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The insulating part includes two veneer structures and an outer ring structure that are spaced apart. The outer peripheries of the two veneer structures are connected to the outer ring structure. The two veneer structures and the outer ring structure together form an installation area for installing the blocking ring. The outer ring structure protrudes toward the side of one of the veneer structures.

8. The encapsulated meson according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the insulating member is provided with at least one annular groove which is arranged around the outer circumference of the sleeve ring.

9. An armature structure, characterized in that: It comprises an armature shaft, a commutator and the encapsulated meson according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the commutator is mounted on the armature shaft, the sleeve ring is sleeved on the armature shaft and is interference-connected with the armature shaft, the sleeve ring is located at the end of the commutator, and the copper bar of the commutator abuts against the insulating part.

10. A motor, characterized in that: Comprising the armature structure as claimed in claim 9.

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