Mobile total station fixing device and fixing method suitable for shield automatic guidance

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of shield tunnel construction, and specifically, to a movable total station fixing device and fixing method suitable for automatic shield guidance, comprising a total station placement platform, a fixing platform for fixed connection with the total station is arranged on one side of the total station placement platform, and a fixing device for connecting the shield segment is connected on the other side by setting a mounting bracket, and a rotationally matched connection is formed between the fixing device and the mounting bracket, so that the total station placement platform can rotate compared with the shield segment, so as to ensure its levelness. The advantages of the present invention are: the equipment structure is simple, the installation position is flexible, and the operation is simple and convenient. A stable and unobstructed fixing platform is provided for the total station in the shield tunnel, which ensures the measurement accuracy of the total station, improves the efficiency of shield attitude control, and has good economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield tunnel construction, and in particular to a movable total station fixing device and a fixing method suitable for shield automatic guidance. Background Art

[0002] Shield tunnel construction requires controlling the offset of the shield machine, that is, the shield posture. There are two common methods for measuring the shield posture and position: manual measurement and automatic measurement. There are many manual measurement methods, such as using heavy hammers and slope plates to correct deviations. These methods were commonly used in previous engineering and small project construction. On the one hand, it was because the level of industrialization technology was not enough at the time, and on the other hand, it could also reduce firmware costs. With the acceleration of urbanization and the localization of shield machines, in order to speed up the measurement process and increase measurement accuracy, automatic measurement has gradually replaced manual measurement with slow measurement speed, low accuracy and prone to errors. Computer technology and photoelectric measurement technology are used to automatically measure shield excavation, realizing efficient and accurate control of shield posture.

[0003] In shield tunnels, the use of automated measuring instruments requires specific instrument fixing equipment as a guarantee. At present, there are two commonly used instrument fixing devices on the market, one is a hanging basket and the other is a platform. The hanging basket can effectively fix the instrument, but because there are many components around the hanging basket device, it will block the field of view of the measuring instrument to a certain extent, and the stability of the device is poor; the platform has good rotational freedom, but it has disadvantages such as complex structure, difficulty in movement, and high cost. In addition, the maintenance of the platform requires additional professional knowledge and is difficult to maintain.

[0004] After searching the existing technical literature, it was found that the patent application number is: 201820096557.3, the publication number is: CN207847644U, and the patent name is: A laser station hanging basket for an automatic guidance system of a shield machine. The patent describes itself as "easy to operate, high stability, and can greatly improve the forward movement time of the laser station." Although this patent can effectively fix the automated measuring instrument, the installation position of this type of hanging basket is relatively limited due to its special structure, and the support columns around the hanging basket will block the laser of the total station, affecting the normal measurement work. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a movable total station fixing device and fixing method suitable for automatic guidance of a shield machine, which provides a stable, unobstructed fixing platform for the total station, thereby ensuring accurate and efficient measurement of the total station and ensuring the accuracy of the posture of the shield machine during excavation.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a movable total station fixing device suitable for automatic guidance of a shield machine, comprising a total station placement platform, a fixing platform for fixed connection with the total station is arranged on one side of the total station placement platform, and a fixing device for connecting a shield segment is connected on the other side by means of a mounting bracket, and a rotationally matched connection is formed between the fixing device and the mounting bracket, so that the total station placement platform can rotate compared with the shield segment.

[0007] Preferably, the mounting bracket includes two support columns, which are fixed on the total station mounting platform, and a middle fixed cross bar and an upper fixed cross bar located above the middle fixed cross bar are arranged between the two support columns, and the upper fixed cross bar and the middle fixed cross bar form axial holes with the support columns so that the upper fixed cross bar and the middle fixed cross bar can rotate between the support columns, and the upper fixed cross bar and the middle fixed cross bar are used to connect the fixing device.

[0008] Preferably, the total station installation platform is made of a rectangular steel plate. More preferably, one side of the short side of the rectangular steel plate is fixedly connected to the two support columns, and the other side is welded to the fixed platform.

[0009] Preferably, the fixing platform is a circular steel plate, and a fixing bolt is installed at the center of the circular steel plate. More preferably, the size of the fixing bolt matches the bolt hole of the total station, and is used to fix the total station.

[0010] Preferably, the support column is made of equilateral angle steel. More preferably, holes are respectively opened at the middle and upper positions of one side of the equilateral angle steel. Further preferably, a circular hole is opened at the middle position of the equilateral angle steel, a circular hole is opened at the upper position; and a rounded rectangular hole is opened near the top position of the other side of the angle steel.

[0011] More preferably, the equilateral angle steels are fixed on the short side of the total station installation platform farther from the fixed platform, with one at each end; one side of the angle steel is parallel to the short side, the other side is perpendicular to the short side, and the bottom is vertically welded to the total station fixed platform.

[0012] More preferably, the middle fixed cross bar passes through the middle circular holes of the two support columns horizontally, is erected on the support columns, and can rotate freely on the support columns.

[0013] More preferably, the upper fixed cross bar passes through the upper circular holes of the two support columns transversely, is erected on the support columns, and can rotate freely on the support columns.

[0014] More preferably, the middle fixed cross bar is made of a hollow steel pipe.

[0015] More preferably, the upper fixed cross bar is made of a cylindrical steel pipe.

[0016] Preferably, both side ends of the middle fixed cross bar are respectively connected with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected and fixed to the middle fixed cross bar through a fixing nut, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the fixing device.

[0017] More preferably, circular holes are respectively formed at the end positions of both sides of the middle fixed cross bar, through which the connecting rods can pass.

[0018] More preferably, the connecting rod is a cylindrical steel pipe.

[0019] More preferably, the outer side of the connecting rod is threaded and can be connected to a fixing nut.

[0020] More preferably, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the fixing device, and the other end is connected to the fixing nut after passing through the rounded rectangular hole of the support column and the circular hole at the end of the middle fixed cross bar.

[0021] More preferably, the fixing nut is a common hexagonal nut matching the diameter and thread of the connecting rod.

[0022] More preferably, the fixing nut can adjust the extension length of the connecting rod, thereby adjusting the angle of the total station mounting platform.

[0023] Preferably, the upper fixed cross bar is connected with a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the fixing device. More preferably, the connecting piece is made of a rectangular steel plate; one of the two short sides of the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the upper fixed cross bar, and the other side is fixedly connected to the fixing device.

[0024] Preferably, the fixing device comprises a fixing plate, and fixing parts for connecting and fixing with shield segments are respectively arranged on both sides of the fixing plate.

[0025] Preferably, the fixing portion is a concave-shaped lifting lug and a U-shaped lifting lug. More preferably, the concave-shaped lifting lug and the U-shaped lifting lug are respectively fixedly connected to the two short sides of the rectangular steel plate, and the connection angle is 145°.

[0026] More preferably, the fixing device can be fixedly connected to the bolts on the pipe segment through the lifting ears at both ends.

[0027] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for fixing a movable total station suitable for automatic shield guidance is provided, wherein the method adopts the above-mentioned fixing device and specifically comprises:

[0028] S1. Remove the nut on the shield segment and use a fixing device to fix the total station installation platform on the shield segment;

[0029] S2. Roughly adjust the angle of the total station installation platform to make it basically level;

[0030] S3. Install the total station on the fixed platform on the total station installation platform, and fine-tune the levelness of the total station until it is level.

[0031] Preferably, if the total station installation platform is facing upward, rotate the fixing nut at the connecting rod clockwise, and at the same time rotate the middle fixed cross bar toward the inside of the shield segment until the total station installation platform is basically horizontal; if the total station installation platform is facing downward, rotate the fixing nut at the connecting rod counterclockwise, and at the same time rotate the middle fixed cross bar toward the outside of the shield segment until the total station installation platform is basically horizontal.

[0032] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0033] After the fixing device in the equipment is connected to the bolts at the segment through the "U"-shaped lifting lugs and "concave"-shaped lifting lugs on both sides, the entire equipment is fixed on the shield segment. Then, the angle of the total station placement platform is adjusted by adjusting the position of the fixing nut and the angle of the middle fixed crossbar to ensure that the total station placement platform is basically level. Finally, fix the total station on the fixed platform. After this equipment provides a working platform for the total station, it can realize automatic monitoring of the tunneling posture of the shield machine. As the shield advances, this equipment can be quickly and conveniently transferred to the fixed point in front until the tunnel is broken through.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The device of the present invention has a simple structure, flexible installation position, simple and convenient operation, provides a stable and unobstructed fixed platform for the total station in the shield tunnel, ensures the measurement accuracy of the total station, improves the shield attitude control efficiency, and has good economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0037] Figure 1 A side schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a front schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Marks 1-9 in the above figure respectively represent: total station installation platform 1, fixed platform 2, support column 3, middle fixed cross bar 4, upper fixed cross bar 5, connecting rod 6, fixing nut 7, connecting plate 8, fixing device 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements may be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] The following example shows the engineering situation: a tunnel section of Luoyang Rail Transit Line 2: the left line is 1173.213m long, the right line is 1172.000m long, the minimum buried depth of the tunnel top is about 6.5m, and the maximum buried depth is about 14.2m. The section is constructed using an earth pressure balance shield machine. In order to control the tunneling posture of the shield machine, a total station is used to monitor the shield tunneling process in real time. The use of a total station in a tunnel requires fixed equipment to provide guarantee for accurate measurement.

[0042] In response to the above-mentioned engineering application requirements, an embodiment of the present invention adopts a movable total station fixing device and fixing method suitable for a shield automatic guiding platform to provide an operating platform for the total station, thereby ensuring accurate and efficient control of the shield posture.

[0043] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a movable total station fixing device suitable for shield automatic guidance includes: a total station installation platform 1, a fixing platform 2, a support column 3, a middle fixing cross bar 4, an upper fixing cross bar 5, a connecting rod 6, a fixing nut 7, a connecting piece 8, and a fixing device 9. A fixing platform 2 for fixingly connecting with the total station is arranged on one side of the total station installation platform 1, and a fixing device 9 for connecting the shield segment is connected to the other side by arranging a mounting bracket, and a rotational matching connection is formed between the fixing device 9 and the mounting bracket, so that the total station installation platform 1 can rotate relative to the shield segment.

[0044] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the total station installation platform 1 is a rectangular steel plate. One side of the short side of the steel plate is fixedly connected to two support columns 3, and the other side is connected to the fixed platform 2. Specifically, in some embodiments, the total station installation platform is a rectangular steel plate with a size of 500mm×400mm and a thickness of 15mm.

[0045] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the fixed platform 2 is a circular steel plate, and a fixing bolt is installed in the center of the circular steel plate. The size of the fixing bolt matches the bolt hole of the total station and is used to fix the total station. The fixed platform 2 is fixedly connected to the total station installation platform 1. Specifically, in some embodiments, the fixed platform 2 is a circular steel plate with a diameter of 200 mm and a thickness of 12 mm. The center of the fixed platform 2 is 200 mm away from the long side of the total station installation platform 1 and 120 mm away from the short side.

[0046] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the support column 3 uses an equilateral angle steel. Holes are opened at the middle and upper positions of one side of the equilateral angle steel. A circular hole is opened at the middle position, and a circular hole is opened at the upper position. A rounded rectangular hole is opened near the top position on the other side of the equilateral angle steel. The angle steel is fixed on the short side of the total station placement platform 1 far from the fixed platform 2, one on each side, one side of the angle steel is parallel to the short side, the other side is perpendicular to the short side, and the bottom is vertically welded to the total station fixed platform 1. Specifically, in some embodiments, the support column 3 uses an equilateral angle steel with a side length of 40mm, a thickness of 5mm, and a length of 300mm; the diameter of the circular hole opened in the middle position is 30mm, and the center of the circular hole is 150mm away from the upper edge; the diameter of the circular hole opened in the upper position is 12mm, and the center of the circular hole is 20mm away from the upper edge. The rounded rectangular hole is 50mm long, 12mm wide, and the center of the hole is 100mm away from the upper edge.

[0047] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the middle fixed cross bar 4 is made of a hollow steel pipe. Two round holes are opened at the ends of both sides of the steel pipe, so that the connecting rod 6 can pass through the steel pipe. The middle fixed cross bar 4 passes through the middle round holes of the two support columns 3 horizontally, stands on the support columns 3, and can rotate freely on the support columns 3. Specifically, in some embodiments, the size of the hollow steel pipe used as the middle fixed cross bar 4 is 28mm in outer diameter, 2mm in wall thickness, and 400mm in length. The diameter of the round holes at both ends of the steel pipe is 11mm.

[0048] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the upper fixed cross bar 5 is a cylindrical steel pipe. The upper fixed cross bar 5 passes through the upper circular holes of the two support columns 3 in the horizontal direction, stands on the support columns 3, and can rotate freely on the support columns 3. The upper fixed cross bar 5 is welded and fixed to the connecting piece 8, and then connected to the fixing device 9. Specifically, in some embodiments, the size of the cylindrical steel pipe used as the upper fixed cross bar 5 is 10 mm in diameter and 400 mm in length.

[0049] like Figure 1 ,2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the connecting rod 6 is a cylindrical steel pipe. The outer side of the connecting rod 6 is threaded and can be connected with the fixing nut 7. One end of the connecting rod 6 is connected to the fixing device 9, and the other end is connected to the fixing nut 7 after passing through the rectangular hole of the support column 3 and the circular hole at the end of the middle fixed cross bar 4. Specifically, in some embodiments, the size of the cylindrical steel pipe used as the connecting rod 6 is 10 mm in diameter and 300 mm in length.

[0050] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the fixing nut 7 is a common hexagonal nut that matches the diameter and thread of the connecting rod 6. The nut can adjust the insertion length of the connecting rod, thereby adjusting the angle of the instrument placement platform 1.

[0051] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the connecting piece 8 is a rectangular steel plate. The connecting piece 8 is used to connect the upper fixed cross bar 5 and the fixing device 9. The two short sides of the connecting piece 8, one side is fixedly connected to the upper fixed cross bar 5, and the other side is fixedly connected to the fixing device 9. The connecting piece 8 is a certain distance away from the end of the connecting rod 6, one piece on each side. Specifically, in some embodiments, the rectangular steel plate used as the connecting piece 8 has a length of 30 mm, a width of 20 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm. The distance between the connecting piece 8 and the end of the connecting rod 6 is 70 mm.

[0052] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the fixing device 9 is composed of a rectangular steel plate, a "concave" shaped ear and a "U" shaped ear. The "concave" shaped ear and the "U" shaped ear are fixedly connected to the two short sides of the rectangular steel plate respectively, and the connection angle is 145°. The fixing device 9 can be fixedly connected to the bolts on the pipe segment through the ears at both ends. Specifically, in some embodiments, the size of the rectangular steel plate used as the fixing device 9 is 500mm long, 50mm wide, and 5mm thick. The "concave" shaped ear is 150mm long, 50mm wide, 30mm wide, and 130mm deep. The "U" shaped ear is 120mm long, 50mm wide, and the hole diameter is 30mm. The center of the hole is 50mm away from the outer edge of the "U" shaped ear.

[0053] In another embodiment, the present invention adopts the fixing device in any of the above embodiments to implement a method for fixing a movable total station suitable for automatic shield guidance, which can be specifically performed by referring to the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Install the total station fixed equipment, specifically:

[0055] (1) Use a wrench to remove the nuts on the shield segment and allow the holes of the U-shaped lifting ears to pass through the bolts on the segment.

[0056] (2) Use a wrench to remove the nut on the other side of the shield segment and align the groove in the "concave"-shaped lifting ear with the bolt on the segment.

[0057] (3) Adjust the positions of the “U”-shaped lifting lugs and the “D”-shaped lifting lugs, and tighten the nuts on the shield segments. The total station fixing equipment is installed.

[0058] Step 2: Adjust the angle of the total station installation platform 1. Specifically:

[0059] (1) If the total station installation platform 1 is tilted upward, rotate the fixing nut 7 on the connecting rod 6 clockwise (inward) and rotate the middle fixed cross bar 4 toward the inside of the segment until the total station installation platform 1 is basically horizontal.

[0060] (2) If the total station installation platform 1 tilts downward, rotate the fixing nut 7 at the connecting rod 6 counterclockwise (outward), and at the same time rotate the middle fixed cross bar 4 toward the outside of the segment until the total station installation platform 1 is basically horizontal.

[0061] Step 3: Install the total station, specifically:

[0062] (1) Lift the total station to the top of the fixed platform 2 of the total station installation platform 1, align the bolt holes of the total station with the bolts in the middle of the fixed platform, lower the total station steadily and rotate the base until it is fixed.

[0063] (2) Use the total station’s built-in balancing device to adjust the level of the total station until it is level.

[0064] Step 4: Change the station of the total station fixed equipment, specifically:

[0065] (1) Rotate the base of the total station to separate it from the fixed platform 2, and remove the total station.

[0066] (2) Unscrew the two bolts on the pipe segment and remove the total station fixing device.

[0067] (3) Repeat steps 1, 2, and 3 until the tunnel is through.

[0068] The movable total station fixing device and fixing method of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention have flexible installation positions, simple and convenient operation, and are unobstructed on all sides, providing a stable, unobstructed fixed platform for the total station, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy of the total station, improving the measurement efficiency, and ensuring the accuracy of the posture of the shield machine during excavation.

[0069] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various deformations or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essential content of the present invention. The above preferred features can be used alone in any embodiment, and can also be used in any combination without conflict.

Claims

1. A method for fixing a movable total station suitable for automatic shield guidance, characterized in that: The movable total station fixing device comprises a total station placement platform, a fixing platform for fixingly connecting with the total station is arranged on one side of the total station placement platform, and a fixing device for connecting with the shield segment is connected by a mounting bracket on the other side, and the fixing device and the mounting bracket are connected in a rotational cooperation manner, so that the total station placement platform can rotate relative to the shield segment; The mounting bracket includes two support columns, the support columns are fixed on the total station installation platform, a middle fixed cross bar and an upper fixed cross bar located above the middle fixed cross bar are arranged between the two support columns, and shaft holes are formed between the upper fixed cross bar and the middle fixed cross bar and the support columns so that the upper fixed cross bar and the middle fixed cross bar can rotate between the support columns, and the upper fixed cross bar and the middle fixed cross bar are used to connect the fixing device; The two side ends of the middle fixed cross bar are respectively connected with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected and fixed to the middle fixed cross bar through a fixing nut, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the fixing device; The fixing device comprises a fixing plate, and fixing parts for connecting and fixing with shield segments are respectively arranged on both sides of the fixing plate; the upper fixing cross bar is connected with a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the fixing device, and two short sides of the connecting piece: one side is fixedly connected to the upper fixing cross bar, and the other side is fixedly connected to the fixing device, and the connecting piece is a certain distance away from the end of the connecting rod, and one piece is provided on each side; The fixing part is a "concave" shaped lifting ear and a "U" shaped lifting ear, wherein the hole of the "U" shaped lifting ear passes through the bolt at the pipe segment, and the groove in the "concave" shaped lifting ear is aligned with the bolt at the pipe segment; the "concave" shaped lifting ear and the "U" shaped lifting ear are respectively fixedly connected to the two short sides of the connecting piece, and the connection angle is 145°; The support column is made of equilateral angle steel, and circular holes are respectively provided at the middle and upper positions of one side of the equilateral angle steel, wherein: The middle fixed cross bar passes through the middle circular holes of the two support columns horizontally, stands on the support columns and can rotate freely on the support columns; The upper fixed cross bar passes through the upper circular holes of the two support columns horizontally, stands on the support columns and can rotate freely on the support columns; The fixing method comprises: S1. Remove the nut on the shield segment and use a fixing device to fix the total station installation platform on the shield segment; S2. Roughly adjust the angle of the total station installation platform to make it basically level; S3, installing the total station on the fixed platform on the total station installation platform, and fine-adjusting the levelness of the total station until it is level; If the total station installation platform is tilted upward, rotate the fixing nut on the connecting rod clockwise, and at the same time rotate the middle fixed cross bar toward the inside of the shield segment until the total station installation platform is basically horizontal; If the total station installation platform tilts downward, rotate the fixing nut on the connecting rod counterclockwise, and at the same time rotate the middle fixed cross bar toward the outside of the shield segment until the total station installation platform is basically horizontal.

2. The method for fixing a movable total station suitable for automatic shield guidance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total station placement platform is made of a rectangular steel plate, one side of the short side of the rectangular steel plate is fixedly connected to the two support columns, and the other side is welded to the fixed platform; The fixing platform adopts a circular steel plate, and a fixing bolt is installed at the center of the circular steel plate; the size of the fixing bolt matches the bolt hole of the total station and is used for fixing the total station.

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