Motor cooling structure, motor, automobile

Abstract

The present invention provides a motor cooling structure, a motor, and a car, wherein the motor cooling structure includes a motor housing, an axial oil passage is constructed on the motor housing, the axial oil passage is connected to the flow path of an external cooling oil supply component, and at least one axial end of the axial oil passage is provided with an oil sprayer, which can simultaneously guide the cooling oil in the axial oil passage to the axial end of the stator coil and the bearing chamber on the motor end cover. According to the motor cooling structure, motor, and car of the present invention, the oil sprayer can efficiently cool the stator coil in the motor housing and the bearing in the bearing chamber of the motor end cover, and the cooling structure is simple in design and manufacture and has a good cooling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of motor manufacturing, and in particular to a motor cooling structure, a motor and a car. Background Art

[0002] At present, during the actual operation of the main drive motor of new energy vehicles, when it is at low speed and high torque, the stator and rotor of the main drive motor will generate a lot of heat. The heat dissipation method of the main drive motor is mostly to open a spiral water flow channel inside the motor casing, and the water circulates in the casing to achieve the cooling effect of the motor. This cooling method has the problem that the motor stator winding (coil) and rotor cannot be directly cooled, and the main heat source of the main drive motor cannot be effectively cooled. Therefore, the thermal load of the motor is limited, which in turn leads to the limitation of the motor volume. In order to improve the cooling efficiency of the motor, the prior art has adopted an oil cooling method. Since the cooling oil is not conductive, it can directly contact the heat sources of the motor, and the heat sources of the main drive motor are effectively cooled. Under the same performance requirements, the oil-cooled motor has a higher heat load than the traditional water-cooled motor, and the motor volume can be reduced, and the power density is thereby increased. The cooling oil can lubricate and cool the motor bearings at the same time, thereby increasing the life of the motor. However, the oil circuit structure is complex and the processing technology is cumbersome. The oil circuit structure mostly adopts processing technologies such as screw fastening and welding. The structure of each component is complex and the processing cost is high. How to design a cooling structure and how to simplify the oil circuit structure are problems that need to be urgently solved in the industry. Summary of the invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a motor cooling structure, a motor, and a car, wherein the fuel injection part can efficiently cool the stator coil in the motor casing and the bearings in the bearing chamber of the motor end cover, and the cooling structure is simple in design and manufacture and has a good cooling effect.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a motor cooling structure, including a motor casing, an axial oil passage is constructed on the motor casing, the axial oil passage is connected to the flow path of an external cooling oil supply component, and an oil spray piece is provided at at least one axial end of the axial oil passage, and the oil spray piece can simultaneously guide the cooling oil in the axial oil passage to the axial end of the stator coil and the bearing chamber on the motor end cover.

[0005] Preferably, the oil spray component has an oil spray body and an oil guide joint, the oil guide joint has an oil inlet pipe, a first oil outlet pipe, and a second oil outlet pipe, the first oil outlet pipe is connected to the oil inlet of the oil spray body, the oil inlet pipe is connected to the axial oil channel, and the second oil outlet pipe is connected to the bearing chamber.

[0006] Preferably, an oil distribution channel is constructed in the oil injection body, and a plurality of oil injection ports are arranged at intervals on the wall of the oil distribution channel.

[0007] Preferably, the diameter of the distribution pitch circle of the plurality of oil injection ports is larger than the outer circle diameter of the stator coil.

[0008] Preferably, the oil distribution channel has an oil collecting box, and the oil collecting box is connected to the oil guide joint.

[0009] Preferably, the fuel spray component also includes a mounting flange having a positioning protrusion, and corresponding positioning grooves are provided at the corresponding ends of the motor housing and the fuel spray component, and the positioning protrusion can be embedded in the positioning groove to realize the assembly connection between the fuel spray component and the motor housing.

[0010] Preferably, the motor end cover is provided with a guide flow channel, and the guide flow channel can receive the cooling oil in the second oil outlet pipe and guide it into the bearing chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the guide flow channel is located on the outer side wall of the motor end cover, the motor end cover is provided with a through hole, and the second oil outlet pipe is connected with the guide flow channel through the through hole.

[0012] Preferably, the motor end cover further comprises a cover plate, the guide flow channel has an open side, and the cover plate covers and is connected to the open side; and / or, sealing rings are mounted on the outer walls of the oil inlet pipe, the first oil outlet pipe, and the second oil outlet pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the motor end cover is a non-axle extension end cover of the motor, and the cover plate also has a flow guide, which can receive the cooling oil in the guide channel and guide it into the hollow structure of the rotating shaft of the corresponding motor rotor.

[0014] Preferably, the outlet oil drop point of the guide member is located in the middle of the axial length of the rotating shaft; and / or, the guide flow channel is provided with an oil-blocking rib, and the oil-blocking rib divides the guide flow channel into a bearing drainage channel for the bearing chamber and a rotating shaft drainage channel for the guide member; and / or, an oil-swinging hole is provided on the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft.

[0015] Preferably, a water cooling channel is also constructed on the motor housing, and the water cooling channel is used to cool the stator core.

[0016] The present invention further provides a motor, comprising a motor cooling structure, wherein the motor cooling structure is the above-mentioned motor cooling structure.

[0017] The present invention also provides a car, comprising a main drive motor, wherein the main drive motor is the above-mentioned motor.

[0018] The present invention provides a motor cooling structure, a motor, and a car. The oil spray member can guide the cooling oil in the axial oil channel to the axial end of the stator coil and the bearing chamber on the motor end cover at the same time, so that the stator coil in the motor casing and the bearing in the bearing chamber of the motor end cover can be efficiently cooled at the same time. The cooling structure is simple in design and manufacture and has a good cooling effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram (exploded diagram) of a motor cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure (arrows in the figure show the flow path of the cooling oil);

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the motor housing;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of (the arrows in the figure show the flow path of the cooling water);

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fuel injection part (exploded diagram);

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fuel injection body;

[0027] Fig. 9 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the end cover applicable to the non-shaft extension end of the motor;

[0028] Fig.10 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure applicable to the end cover of the motor shaft extension end;

[0029] Fig.11 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the end cover of the non-shaft extension end of the motor.

[0030] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0031] 1. Motor housing; 11. Axial oil passage; 111. Cooling oil inlet pipe; 12. Positioning groove; 2. Oil spraying part; 21. Mounting flange; 211. Oil spraying port; 22. Oil spraying body; 23. Oil distribution channel; 231. Oil guide joint; 232. Oil inlet pipe; 233. First oil outlet pipe; 234. Second oil outlet pipe; 235. Sealing ring; 236. Oil collecting box; 24. Positioning protrusion; 31. Motor end Cover; 311, bearing chamber; 312, guide channel; 313, through hole; 314, oil retaining rib; 315, cover plate; 41, flow guide; 235, sealing ring; 100, stator coil; 101, stator core; 102, motor rotor; 103, rotor core; 104, rotating shaft; 1041, oil throwing hole; 105, bearing; 200, water cooling channel; 201, water inlet pipe; 202, water outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] See also Figures 1 to 11 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a motor cooling structure is provided, including a motor housing 1, on which a water-cooling channel 200 is constructed, and the water-cooling channel 200 is used to cool the stator core 101, and also includes an axial oil channel 11, and the axial oil channel 11 is connected to the flow path of an external cooling oil supply component, and at least one axial end of the axial oil channel 11 is provided with an oil spraying member 2, and the oil spraying member 2 has an oil spraying port 211, and the oil spraying port 211 can guide the cooling oil in the axial oil channel 11 to the axial end of the stator coil 100. In this technical solution, by setting the oil spray part 2, the cooling oil in the axial oil channel 11 can be sprayed on the axial end of the stator coil 100 corresponding to its setting position, so that the axial end of the stator coil can be efficiently cooled. At the same time, the water-cooling channel 200 is set to cool the motor housing 1 and the stator core 101, so that water cooling and oil cooling can be used to cool the motor inside and outside in all directions, and the cooling effect is better. It is worth mentioning that the water-cooling channel 200 in the present invention is the water-cooling channel in the prior art, and the realization of the technical solution of the present invention only needs to be improved on the basis of the existing motor housing 1 with a water-cooling channel, thereby making full use of the structure of the water-cooling housing with more mature technology in the prior art, thereby reducing the technical difficulty and manufacturing cost brought by the newly designed cooling oil channel. It is understandable that, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the oil spraying parts 2 of the present invention can be provided with at least two, and the at least two oil spraying parts 2 are provided corresponding to the two axial ends of the stator coil 100 respectively, so as to achieve sufficient cooling of the two axial ends of the stator coil 100. Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the water-cooling channel 200 has an inlet pipe 201 and an outlet pipe 202 for cooling water. The water-cooling channel 200 is serpentinely arranged in the circumferential and axial directions of the motor housing 1 to achieve as full coverage of the motor housing 1 as possible, and the axial oil channel 11 is arranged on the spacing ribs of the water-cooling channel 200, which is connected to the flow path of the external cooling oil supply component through the cooling oil inlet pipe 111. It can be further understood that a corresponding oil return structure can also be provided at the bottom of the motor housing 1 to lead out the cooling oil that has entered the motor and undergone heat exchange for external cooling.

[0033] Preferably, the motor is a horizontal motor, the oil spraying member 2 comprises an oil spraying body 22, an oil distribution channel 23 is constructed in the oil spraying body 22, a plurality of the oil spraying ports 211 are arranged at intervals on the wall of the oil distribution channel 23, and the oil spraying body 22 corresponds to the upper region of the stator coil 100 after assembly. At this time, the diameter of the distribution pitch circle of the plurality of the oil spraying ports 211 is preferably greater than the outer diameter of the stator coil 100. At this time, the corresponding oil spraying ports 211 are mainly the upper oil spraying ports to realize the oil spraying function, and the upper oil spraying ports 211 can spray cooling oil to the upper region of the end of the stator coil 100, and the cooling oil can still be scattered in the lower region of the stator coil 100 under the action of its own weight, thereby ensuring that the cooling structure can also realize effective cooling of the shaft end of the stator coil 100 when the motor is in a horizontal state.

[0034] Preferably, the oil distribution channel 23 has an oil collecting box 236, and the oil collecting box 236 is connected to an oil guide joint 231, and the oil guide joint 231 has an oil inlet pipe 232 and a first oil outlet pipe 233, the first oil outlet pipe 233 is connected to the oil inlet, and the oil inlet pipe 232 is connected to the axial oil channel 11. In this technical solution, the cooling oil in the axial oil channel 11 can be guided to the downstream components through the setting of the oil guide joint 231, and the design of the oil circuit is more flexible. For example, the motor cooling structure also includes a motor end cover 31, the motor end cover 31 has a bearing chamber 311, the oil guide joint 231 also has a second oil outlet pipe 234, the motor end cover 31 has a guide flow channel 312, the guide flow channel 312 can receive the cooling oil in the second oil outlet pipe 234 and guide it to the bearing chamber 311. The oil guide joint 231, on the one hand, plays a role in guiding and connecting the cooling oil, and on the other hand, can distribute the cooling oil in the axial oil channel 11.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, the guide channel 312 is located on the outer wall of the motor end cover 31, and the motor end cover 31 has a through hole 313, and the second oil outlet pipe 234 is connected with the guide channel 312 through the through hole 313. Furthermore,

[0036] The motor end cover 31 further includes a cover plate 315. The guide flow channel 312 has an open side. The cover plate 315 covers and connects to the open side, thereby facilitating the production of the guide flow channel 312 on the motor end cover 31. It is understandable that in actual application, a corresponding seal is provided between the cover plate 315 and the motor end cover 31 to prevent leakage of cooling oil. It is further understandable that the specific structure of the cover plate 315 can be flexibly designed according to the specific structural type and application scenario of the motor end cover 31. For example, when the motor end cover 31 is used as the non-axial extension side end cover of the motor, the cover plate 315 can not only cover and seal the opening of the guide flow channel 312, but also form a sealing cover for the corresponding end of the rotating shaft 104 of the motor rotor 102 and the corresponding bearing 105 to prevent external dust from entering the bearing chamber 311; the outer walls of the oil inlet pipe 232, the first oil outlet pipe 233, and the second oil outlet pipe 234 are provided with a sealing ring 235.

[0037] When the motor end cover 31 is a non-axial extension end cover of the motor, the cover plate 315 further has a guide member 41, and the guide member 41 can receive the cooling oil in the guide flow channel 312 and guide it to the hollow structure of the rotating shaft 104 of the corresponding motor rotor 102, so as to introduce the cooling oil in the axial oil channel 11 into the rotating shaft 104 through one side of the motor end cover 31, thereby realizing efficient cooling of the motor rotor 102. It should be particularly emphasized that the cooling oil introduced into the rotating shaft 104 passes through the outer side of the motor end cover 31 rather than the inside of the motor housing 1, which can ensure that the temperature rise of the cooling oil in the axial oil channel 11 is small, thereby ensuring that the cooling oil can enter the rotating shaft 104 at a lower temperature (to prevent the temperature rise from being too high due to heat exchange during the process of flowing from the inside to the rotating shaft 104), thereby ensuring effective cooling of the motor rotor 102. Preferably, the outlet oil drop point of the guide member 41 is located in the middle of the axial length of the rotating shaft 104. At this time, the rotating shaft 104 can transfer the introduced cooling oil to both axial sides of the rotating shaft 104 under the action of centrifugal force during rotation. Furthermore, the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft 104 is provided with oil-throwing holes 1041 to ensure the cooling effect of the cooling oil on the rotor core 103.

[0038] The guide flow channel 312 has an oil retaining rib 314, and the oil retaining rib 314 divides the guide flow channel 312 into a bearing drain channel for the bearing chamber 311 and a shaft drain channel for the guide member 41. Fig.11As shown, there are two oil-blocking ribs 314, and the two oil-blocking ribs 314 extend opposite to each other along the guiding direction of the guide channel 312, thereby separating it into a shaft drainage channel in the middle and bearing drainage channels on both sides. It can be further understood that the guide member 41 is arranged corresponding to the shaft drainage channel.

[0039] Preferably, the fuel injection component 2 also includes a mounting flange 21, and the mounting flange 21 has a positioning protrusion 24. The motor housing 1 and the corresponding end of the fuel injection component 2 are provided with a corresponding positioning groove 12, and the positioning protrusion 24 can be embedded in the positioning groove 12 to realize the assembly connection between the fuel injection component 2 and the motor housing 1. It can be further understood that the final positioning of the fuel injection component 2 depends on the common clamping effect of the corresponding motor end cover 31 and the motor housing 1. Of course, the positioning protrusion 24 can also be simultaneously arranged on the side of the mounting flange 21 facing the motor end cover 31, and the corresponding motor end cover 31 is also constructed with a positioning groove 12 corresponding to the positioning protrusion 24, so as to realize a more reliable connection of the fuel injection component 2.

[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is further provided a motor, comprising a motor cooling structure, wherein the motor cooling structure is the above-mentioned motor cooling structure.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an automobile, comprising a main drive motor, wherein the main drive motor is the motor described above.

[0042] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, under the premise of no conflict, the above-mentioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor cooling structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a motor housing (1), wherein an axial oil passage (11) is constructed on the motor housing (1), wherein the axial oil passage (11) is in communication with a flow path of an external cooling oil supply component, and an oil spraying member (2) is provided at least at one axial end of the axial oil passage (11), wherein the oil spraying member (2) is capable of simultaneously guiding the cooling oil in the axial oil passage (11) to the axial end of the stator coil (100) and to a bearing chamber (311) provided on the motor end cover (31); the oil spraying member (2) comprises an oil spraying body (22), an oil guide joint (231), and the guide joint (232). The oil joint (231) comprises an oil inlet pipe (232), a first oil outlet pipe (233), and a second oil outlet pipe (234); the first oil outlet pipe (233) is connected to the oil inlet of the oil spray body (22); the oil inlet pipe (232) is communicated with the axial oil passage (11); the second oil outlet pipe (234) is connected to the bearing chamber (311); the motor end cover (31) comprises a guide flow channel (312); the guide flow channel (312) can receive cooling oil in the second oil outlet pipe (234) and guide it to the bearing chamber (311); 11); the guide flow channel (312) is located on the outer side wall of the motor end cover (31); the motor end cover (31) has a through hole (313); the second oil outlet pipe (234) is connected to the guide flow channel (312) through the through hole (313); the motor end cover (31) further includes a cover plate (315); the guide flow channel (312) has an open side; the cover plate (315) is connected to the open side; the cover plate (315) also has a flow guide (41); the flow guide (41) is capable of supporting The cooling oil in the guide flow channel (312) is guided into the hollow structure of the rotating shaft (104) of the corresponding motor rotor (102); the guide flow channel (312) is provided with an oil retaining rib (314), and the oil retaining rib (314) divides the guide flow channel (312) into a bearing drainage channel for the bearing chamber (311) and a rotating shaft drainage channel for the flow guide member (41); and a water cooling flow channel (200) is also constructed on the motor housing (1), and the water cooling flow channel (200) is used to cool the stator core (101).

2. The cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil distribution channel (23) is constructed in the oil injection body (22), and a plurality of oil injection ports (211) are arranged at intervals on the wall of the oil distribution channel (23).

3. The cooling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the distribution pitch circle of the plurality of oil injection ports (211) is greater than the outer circle diameter of the stator coil (100).

4. The cooling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil distribution flow channel (23) has an oil collecting box (236), and the oil collecting box (236) is connected to the oil guide joint (231).

5. The cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel injection component (2) further comprises a mounting flange (21), the mounting flange (21) having a positioning protrusion (24), and corresponding positioning grooves (12) are provided at corresponding ends of the motor housing (1) and the fuel injection component (2), and the positioning protrusion (24) can be embedded in the positioning groove (12) to achieve assembly connection between the fuel injection component (2) and the motor housing (1).

6. The cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sealing rings (235) are sleeved on the outer walls of the oil inlet pipe (232), the first oil outlet pipe (233), and the second oil outlet pipe (234).

7. The cooling structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The motor end cover (31) is an end cover of the non-shaft extension end of the motor.

8. The cooling structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The oil drop point of the outlet of the guide member (41) is located in the middle of the axial length of the rotating shaft (104); and / or an oil throwing hole (1041) is provided on the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft (104).

9. A motor, comprising a motor cooling structure, characterized in that: The motor cooling structure is the motor cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A car, comprising a main drive motor, characterized in that: The main drive motor is the motor described in claim 9.

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